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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 18, 1912)
THE BEE: OMAHA, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18191 2. TM PRUDE1TTIAI. IWTUttAnCB co. or 0 AMERICA 1 Incorporated n I a flock tom- pany by ' s tine or Nov Jersey ' Home Offlce Newark. N J Iff. Bru -axpenter. Manager for Nobraika and South Dakota. Cl r -Ht for Infarmttlmi Nut fmr i Mil All GniHiitw.1 Ixjw rtit rol('l Ov Two niUlon Ik'lltn lnirnft In forr Oon.1 pe'ilti ejn fcr fTirntli- rrpirwnUllrft 519-23 City national Dank Blag, Omaha, Neb. Tel. 1378. ABSOLUTE SECURITY The Kqultatile jrtve nbunlnte neeiirltv to It" pollcy-hol Jem and beneficiaries. Its Five Hundred Millions of Aestts puaranteo the. fulfillment of every obligation promptly and In full. The removal of nil uncertainty Is Para mount to every other consideration In a life Insurance transaction, nrhlcn may cover a period of half n century or more. rui: kqhtarlk lifk assurance society of the united states 11. I). N1JELV At CO., .Malinger, 401 Ncrcliniits Nal'l Honk Hldg. K, D. KEELY. JOB KLEIW. E. K. FXCKARD. MANY MEN are In hoi Mater about their Insurance bocauso they choe new or untried concerns. A policy In the New KtiKtand Mutual will Btvo you Increased satlsrartlon. G. W. NOBLE. General Agent. CKAXI.ES X.. KOPPER, Special Agent, a HITCHMAN, Special Agent. orpxoxst 638-B43 Brandels Bldg., Omaha. DO TOU CLARENCE N. ANDERSON Manager for THE GERMANIA LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 430 Be Bldr. Phone S. 3366. XI you consider either buying or selling Insurance communicate with him. "STATE MUTUAL" OF WORCESTER, MASS. ONE OF THE GUEST 68 YEARS and Beat Companies on Earth. W. H. INDQE Gr-nern) Agent C8B Boo IJulhllng, OMAHA Provident Life & oaa auueung. Our low rates guarante to yoa the lowest net coit of protection. A 80 Payment life, Age 38 1 rirst year, only $33.38; Second year, $39.80. Xiarffo Increasing cllvldonda aach year. A. O. MOXKMABf, Agent. if yonr risk is PREFERRED you can buy $7,SOO ... 81S.OOO In THE PREFERRED of N. Y. for the same, premium that yon now pay for a 83.0C0 $10,000 In other companies, L.YNNIS D. UPHAM, vianagcr and Adlustcr 1317-18 City national Bank Building. A REAL ASSET The capital and surplus of an insurance company are, by no means its chief asset The manner in which an insur ance company pays its losses, con ducts its business, protects its cli ents and agents may be counted its real lasting asset It is these assets that have caused the constant, steady and profitable growth of the Lion Bonding and Surety Co., of Omaha, a western company that truly merits the support of west ern people. Surety and fidelity bonds, bank and residence burglary insurance. Plate glass, liability and fire in surance. ' The most liberal health and ac cident policies to be had. X I It X X ! THIS SPACE RESERVED FOR TOM S. KELLY GINKEAL AGENT TRAVELERS INS. CO. Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company OF MILWAUKEE MANN & JUNOD General Agents 3118-51 1 RrnndcU RttlldlnR, OMAHA toHI THE Union Central Life Ins, Co. OP CINCINNATI, OHIO HARRY O. STEEL General Agent. 311-313 Bamft-a Bldg. Phona D 31S3 Our 20 .Payment Life Acr '40. ririt Tear $39.89 Second Year $33.63 Ho Other Company Can Match These Kates. KHOW OXOAJTOSD 1848. The Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company of XSVABX, MEW JBXSST GEO. T. BLANDFORD, Qeneral Agent. 418-18 City Rational Bank Omaha, Nebraska, Bid. trust Company C. A. BTSB, Bpeelal Agent. x x t x $ X t A j X V i t Notes from the Insurance Field i flHTI TMJ7Q PflMDEMQATIflW APTlUon " Incentive to the oni. j UUlLlHLNj uUlilruHkmllUN AUl 'Vytr to study out methods and to Incur P. TniTneti Shi-mo Raw. T.aw nf Tort is Unsatisfactory. ANTAGONIZES LABORING CLASS I.nvr of Xcjtllitence .ot Cnrry lt Trteorr Into I'rnrtlrr nnd Wrongful Claims I'revall nnd .fuel Claims rirjeetnl. Kpeaklng before the Thursday session the Nebraska Manufacturers' meeting last week, P. Teoumseh Sherman of New York said; ' In order that you may comprehend the situation with which you are confronted by the proposed adoption of a compreheli rive law, I will endeavor to outline briefly for you tho orlKln, purimse and effects of tho law or compensation und Its relation to Insurnnce, and then explain some con ciete examples of defective anr of effect ive compensation laws. You nil know that as between employcis and employes our law of nes'llKcnce (tech nically known oh tho law of tort) Is gen erally unsatisfactory. it engenders class feeling between the employers nnd their workmen; nnd It puts all classes affectedJudges, Juries, law yers, Insurers, employers and workmen In false and unnecessarily antagonlntk positions. It Is unjust, because: 1. It does not carry out Its theories In practice. Wrong ful claims often prevail, and rightful Claims are ofton rejected. 2. its theories am wrong. Kor example. Its rule that tin employe shall be deemed to assume the ordinary risks of his employment, and conrcquently shall surfer all the loss from Injuries resulting therefrom, Is now almost universally ndjudged to be unfair. Therefore, to substitute, in tho place of tho liability for wrongful negligence, u rule of average Justice, according to which tho employer Is liable for half the damage duo to all ordinary work acci dents, Is, In practice, moi'o Just both to employers and to workmen. That han been done throughout the rest nf the civilized world. Hut 1 approached this reform from an othor direction. I won formerly commis sioner of labor and ex-offlclo' chief fac tory Inspector of tho state of New York In studying the problem of the preven tion of accidents I soon discovered that It Is tho prevailing opinion of European experts that to confine the employers' liability for Injuries caused by lite wrong doing to the penal law, and to so franio tho civil law as to hold tho employer and his workmen Jointly and equally re sponsible for accidents, nnd consequently to make the employer pay half fie wage loss and the Injured workman suffer linlf the wage lot's -from every ordinary acci dent, certainly, without chanca of escape by tho gamble nf a law suit, Is the best known regulation to decrease accidents In organized Industries. Wiui is Liberal Limitations, To be most effective for this purpose the scale of compensation should follow the theory Just statod, und bo approxi mately CO per cont of tho wage loss, which may bo proportionately Increased only where workmen contrlbuto or where the limitations are short or low. But experi ence shows that It Is better In every way to be liberal with tho limitations, rather than to Increase tho scale over W per cent; and also that a two weeks waiting period Is necessary to prevent malinger ing. A few of tho Buropeon laws give small flat rates of compensation, without regard to wages. They uro really laws for poor relief; and admittedly have no relation to Justice and no effect In the way of accident prevention. Therefore a 00 per cent compensation law should bo tho substitute for tho law of negligence us between employers and thn'r workmen; and would be both a measure of private Justice and a public tegulutlon for accident prevention. Al 'wuvs bear1 In mlndttheec two purposes. ElwflUVo compensation laws (such as have been adopted in many of our states) are makeshifts to avoid a constitutional doubt or difficulty. There aro serious ob jections to their provisions designed to force the election by employers of the compensation liability. Therefore such lnws should be regarded merely as tem porary expedients on tho way to compul sory compensation. The danger from such elective laws tiKthat they may lead to the adoption of an absolute uaDiuiy fnr enmnensatlon for nil Injuries regard less of caiiBe In addition to the existing llftbl'.ltv in tort, Instead of to tho adop tion of the compensation liability as a Buh.tiiiiin fnr the tort liability. "Whether your law should be compulsory or elective la a question of expediency, for local counsel to decide. Now as to Insuranco: Tn.H.BnKA in m-t Ttinro an essential feu- turn of tho compensation law than It Is of the tort law. .... Uut tho, tort law is to a nigu "chjcu u law cf punishment ror wronguoors. whereas the compensation law drops the Idea that Industrial uccldents ore gener ally due to wrongs, uui nnuuir iwn generally to unavoidable happenings, ana thoroforo does not seek to punish any body, but to distribute relief among the victims, nnd consequently Inclines to wards providing assurance of such reller. And In foreign countries tho compensa tion law In often associated with sickness and old age insurance or Incorporated In bioud mutual benefit schemes. nruinmlH for lnnrncc. Therefore, nnd because of tho broad"-, oppllcatlon of tho compensation liability, tho adoption of a compensation law lead naturally, not only to a wider demand and a grwtcr need for Insurance, but also to a .social demand tor Insuranco aimed more directly for the beneflt of the In- 3UImirance has tW6 purposes: 1. For the employers' beneflt-ito distribute their risks S. For the workmen's bcneflt-to secure to them tho payment of their com- InsuVan'ce should effectively serve both Tut VnSce under obr tort laws has rt&iTIR rsmnlfled the em ployer against his workmen, so that, for example. If .in omployr hecorrjes t ink rupt and does not pay his liability tho insurer Is not liable ond the Injured work, man receives nothing on account of his llhhmMun Insurance has generally been limited In amount; and that amount has often been lew than the liability of the ...i. ..r 'rim hm divided responslbll- Ity and lfl to abuses to the prejudice of lire injurru numiuoi.. These abuses must be corrected. To ' correct them It should be required by law itnat all employers' liability Insurance I shall run directly for the benefit of the 1 Injured workmen, and that tho Insurer shall underwrite nothing less than an employers entlro compensation liability. Ilut there Is u specific danger under the compensation law that Insuranco may thwart tho purpose of that law as a regu lRilnn for nrrldpnt prevention. If the em- iployer with n nigh rifK is enaDieu 10 m Isure his liability at the same rate as a competitor with n distinctly lower rlk; I or It an employer with a low risk is com- i ..u'lail in ,.nv ftm Vila InKiiFQHPA lllA aniim k T . .!. t.u .1 nl ruin Mil h iviuirvmur wmi a uibiiihh) i nigner risK, me eiieci or tne compensa- Ju J. Z.OVE, President. FRANK j. KAIBKTTT.&, Secretary. Love-Haskell Company 314-324 Omaha National Bank Bldg. EVERY KNOWN KINO OF INSURANCE PATRONIZE HO VIE INSTITUTIONS XEie State Insurance Company of Nebraska A. J. I.OVE, President. Xlie German rAnlll . UCUICUO IIIV llllltn III UH1CI IU .out down hi rate of Insurance, will be .defeated. Therefore Insurance rates must he dif ferentiated fairly according to compara tive risks, as determined (a) by expeil ence. ami (b) by physical and moral conditions. ( And In return for premiums paid the Insurer should furnish beneficial Inspec tion. Finally, Insurance must be sound. Em ployers should not pay for Insurance, nnd then have It happen either that they nre subjected to a ruinous liability oi that their Injured workmen do not re ceive their compensation from the In surance. Insurance it Coin jiuliiorj'. Insurance, therefore, should operate to Indemnify both (lie employers and their workmen, should be procurable nt prop erly differentiated rates nnd should be sound. These tests should bo applied to all Insurance schemes. Insuranco should nut be made compul sory except when and where that may be found to bo necessary In order to prevent employers' liability from becoming vain and useless as a source of relief to In jured workmen. Railroads and other largo establishments having their risks well distributed may properly carry their own Insurance, nnd It would be an im position upon them to compel them, to Insure simply to round out a paper scheme. , And Kngllsh experience Indi cates that It Is not necessary to compel Insuranco In order to secure relief to the Injured. In England, where Insuranco Is voluntary, experience shows that employ ers generally insure for their own pro tectionso generally that In England thei'o Is almost no record of loss of compensa tion by workmen on account of the bank ruptcy of employers. Even If Insurance should be made com pulsory tho widest cholco should be per mitted lu. methods of Insurance. Other wise we would run Into tho evils t monopoly or near monopoli'. All foreign countries except Germany, Austria. Lux emburg lind Norway give employers soma cholco as to how they shall Insure. Now as to the cost of Insuring compen sation. Under ha compensation law you must pay something for about 99 per cent of all Injuiles lasting over say two weeks; while under our negligence laws you havd only paid forNabout 20 per cent of Injuries. Although the amounts pay able under a compensation law will bo limited yet the' aggregate will be very much greater than before. And when you como to Insure you will not be able to Insure for u limited amount, but must cover your aggregate contingent liability in the event of a disaster. So thut It will cost you on tho average three, four or live times as mucn to insure as ocrorc. In England tho change from the negli gence law to the compensation law In creased rates at once about six times, and experience has shown that that was not quite enough. Study the problem In telligently and you will see t,hat when you buy insurance against tho liability for compensation you get something that Is mucn more expensive than Insuranco nunlnst the liability for negligence: and don't be gulled Into any unsound Insur ance scheme which promises low Initial rates ror ir such rates be below cost they cannot bo maintained. Such rates may bo simply enticements Into a bunco gnmo of which you employers will bo the victims. There are varlotis methods of Insuring comixmsatlou. The more common ore: 1. In private companies. 2. Im mutual associations. 3. In Joint benefit funds. I Inn state managed fund or funds, as In Ohio and Washington. 6. By the state Itself, on lu Norway. C. In a state guar anty fund, as In France, Belgium and Italy. Except to take care of such exceotlonnl classes of risks as cannot Becure nrlvnto insurance on proper terms and conditions, stnto Insuranco has no advantage unless it ue given a monopoly. State Insurance offices abroad have, never beon able to hold their own In general competition with other Insurers unless favored by public subsidies or by special privileges. Monopolistic state insurance has the solo advantage that it eliminates the cost of competition from expenses of manage ment, nut. except under peculiar condi tions llko those of Norway, this saving is ncany orrset uy tne relatively h gher cobI of public service n comparison with the cost of private service; And, as against any possible saving In expenses of management, monopolistic state Insurnnce has overwhelming eco nomic, social and political disadvantages. to bo explained later. Stato manager fund Insurance Is even worse. It has nearly till the defects .of pure state Insurnnce, and In addltton: in tne Ohio form, it is unsoima ana docs not Insifre compensation! that Is, It does not guarantee tho payment of com pensation to Injured workmen. In the Washington form. It does not adequately dlstrlbuto employers' risks. State guaranty Insurance is only hair Insurance It docs not Insure employers at nil, It Insures only tho workmen. So far I have dealt In generalities, I will now briefly expluln some concrete examples of compensation laws. iriTH- Assumes Liability, In Norway tho Htato Itself has assumed tho liability to pay compensation for In dustrial Injuries, and taxes employers, at rates graded according to rough estimates of the degree of risk in tholr' respective trades, to maintain iv fund out of whicn the state pays the compensation. Gov ernment officials do everything manage the fund, fix the rules for tho trades, as sign tho employers to trade classes. In vestigate claims nnd decide and Pay the awards. There Is no "come back" on em ployers after they have paid their annual premiums; If the premiums prove .to ne Insufficient the, stato loses and taxpayers must maKo goou tno uencieney. this happened once, and there was n serious political struggle before It was Settled who should lie taxed td maku good the deficiency. This method of Insuranco Is not without advantages In tho wuy of economy of administration In a. thinly populated country with widely distrib uted petty Industries llko Norway, but there are serious objections to it for an industrial state. 1. It results In a practically "flat" rate for all employers In each trade, without proper regard to the variations In haz ards In different establishments. That removes tho economic Incentive to acci dent prevention, slnco each omployer knows that his competitors must share equally with him In any losses from the ha turds of his business; and it penalizes the better employers by Imposing upon them u large share of the losses of their more careless und poorly equipped com petitors. Tho differences In risks be tween establishments In-the same tradt are often fur greater than the differences between average risks In different trades, The Injustice of and harm from putting bail risks' and good risks on the same plane cannot be overemphasised. 2. No proper progress has been made In differentiating the rates fairly for the different trade classes. Some have long been taxed double their trim risk cost, while others have been favored with rates W per cent below cost. The apparent policy han been to shift part of the cost of tho hazardous Industries Upon the safer Industries. Employers are abso lutely at the mercy of the officials as. to which of several trade classes they re spectively are to bo assigned to and con Capital, $200,000 Eire Insurance A. J. I.OVE, General Manager. sequently to which of several widely dltterrnt rates they shall be taxed. 3. The allowance of claims and tho ad justment of awards are absolutely In the discretion of administrative officers. Em ployers have nothing to say about the management of the fund, and no check ut all upon the allowance of claims against It They merely foot the bills. Kurnpean experience Indicates that this practice results In extreme laxity In pre cautions agaldet fraud and exaggerations, nnd In a tendency on the part of offi cials to misuse their powers to distribute political favors or charitable relief nt employers' expense. Without going further Into details, this method of Insurance may be fairly' de- Scribed as n scheme to avoid the diffi culties of adjusting and securing private rights and liabilities between employers and employes by turning the whole mat ter of compensation over to a political bureau with power to tax employers and to dlstrlbuto the proceeds among em ployes about ns It pleases. If this be good practice In regard to compensation, why should not all other private rights and liabilities be adjusted nnd secured m the same wayT The answer Is because that would be mire soclnllsm. So. aluo Is this schemo socialism partial, but pure. The Wnshlngston Law, The Washington law Is somewhat like the Norwegian law. except that the stato does not Itself insure or guarantee tho payment of tho compensation, nnd that employers are divided Into trado classes and those In each class taxed lor a spe cial fund out of which compensation Is to bo paid to all workmen Injured In that trade, if the runu is exnaustea xne em ployers In that trade class are Blibjeot to assessment to make good the defl clency, Tho rates for each class aro fixed by' statute, but tho officials ore empow ered to Increase the rate for unusually dangerous conditions. This law Is not only an accident breeder, because It does not differentiate rates, but also Is grossly un just to employers and particularly to the higher classes of employers and for the following reasons: The compensation law In Its simple form as in England and tho majority of for eign countriesmakes tho employer liable as an Insurer of his workmen Ip limited amounts. That liability subjects the overage employer to serious peril of financial ruin, unless at a reasonable rate ho can reinsure and distribute his risk. Now, what the Washington law docs Is to make each employer not only an in surer of his own workmen, but also an insurer of nil the workmen of all his competitors In the same trade, thus mul tiplying his risk, nnd It then taxes him a heavy premium as If for insurance, but does not insure him, does not Indemnify him, does not distribute his risk. Tuko the case of the Dupont Pawder company, which Is In the samo class with two othe smaller concerns,, and In the first yeor of tho Washington law was tnxed 10 per cent on Its payroll, or H,40O, os ngalnBt some $2,400 from Its two competi tors together. One of thoso other con cerns blow up and killed six persons. The amount of the liability to their depend ents Is not yet determined, but may bo or might have been t32,000. And whatever tho excess of that liability over the amount in tho powder trade Insurance fund-be It J15.200 or less-85 per cent Of It Is to be assessed back upon the Dupont company. So, when the Dupont company paid $14,100 It did not procure Insurance, but remained liable for S5 per cent of any deficiency in compensation due by tho fund to all workmen In powder mills In tho stato of Washington. To procure Indemnity such as the English employer gets when ho buys Insuranco the Dupont company must still go out In ttla open market and buy real Insurance, under tho same conditions ns-but for a much larger risk than before the adoption of this fancy scheme. Whatever may be said In criticism of tho state Insurance schemes of Eurqpe at least none of them aro nt, bnd ns this. But In America we have ono law yet worfcc, namely, tho Ohio law, It is not a compensation low In theory, for -while It provides compensation for a workman In lured from his own fuutt. yel it retains the 'employers' liability ror rull damages for the faults of hlinselr and all his em-p'.oyes-i-provlded those fuults are. viola tions of statutes, it thus retains nl t ie evils of tho old law, Its speculative liti gation, its uncertainties for employers. Its expense and waste: nnd It will simply breed accidents by holding employers re sponsible for ull faults, und workmen re sponsible for practically no faults. It Una already manlreBted the abuses or a politi cal bureaucracy. And with nil that It provides no certnln Insurance for Injured workmen. It Is an abomination In theory and practice, that, will ruin Industry. I recommend uni adaptation of the Brit ish law. Under that law each employer Is liable for approximately onehalf or the wage losses from Injuries to his own workmen, and to no others. And the em ployer Is free to Insure as and how his own Judgment and best Interests may dic tate, If satisfactory to him he may buy his Insuranco from private companies (which In England liave differentiated rates carefully, and sell Insurance chcftiilvl! nr. If ho ti refers, he mar asso- rclate with others or his own selection In a schemo or mutual Insurance; or lie may Join with his own workmen In a scheme of broad mutual benefit Insurance which covers the compensation liability. In placing his Insuranco and' In adjusting ms liabilities tho English employer Is free and not under tho thumbs of politicians. Mutual Insuranco (which the German law makes compulsory). In my opinion. Is not tho best form of Insurance. It requires of employers that they carry on. on the side, n highly technical business In which thoy nre not expert. That not only calls for a great deal of time and labor, hut often results In ruinous mis takes. And where n mutual association In composed or antagonistic elements, the position or the minority party Is lament able. Generally Insuranco should bo bought from those who make It a busi ness to sell It. But as a check upon Im positions by organised insurers and ns an alternative under special conditions, mutual Insurance In voluntary associa tions, organized on trade lines. Is very valuable. It should, however, therefore, be permitted, not only In one association, but In many associations subject to state regulations o-nd ofriclal supervision. Insurance I'rrsoniils, W. A. Horton or Omaha, has con tracted to wrlto lire Insurance for the Union Central Life Insurance company. A. W. Perry, secretary of tho St. Paul Fire and Marine company, was In Omaha last week, Frank U Eboy of Topeko, state man ager In Kansas for Missouri Fldelty and Casualty company, was In Omaha last week visiting J. K. Austin, Thomas E. Gallagher, general agent for the" Aetna Fire Insuranco company In Chicago nnd Charles Elgas, state agent, were guests at the luncheon held In thu "blue goose" room last Monday. Frank E. Martin, secretary of Now Hampshire Firo Insurance company of Manchester, visited his agents, the Foster-Barker company, last week. Ills visit had reference to tho appointment of a special agent for tho company to suc ceed C. W. Krueger, who has been trans ferred to Colorado. Key to the Situation Bee Advertising. WK R. AKSCAHSON, Secretary. Co. of Nebraska vt a national ny) V FIDELITY An army of men leave their homes each morning and never return. They meet their fate in a thou sand different ways, many of which you are subjected to each day. No man can affoord to he without an Accident Policy. The cost is small, and the benefits are great." National Fidelity & Casually Co. Xat'l Pidellty Is Casualty Bldg. Omaha, Web. Edwin T. Swobe, V. Pres. and Oen'l Mgr. Jay D. Foster Foster-Barker Company Fire, Liability, Automobile, t Burglary, Brandeis Bldg. ' HH9HBHBBH W. A. Vonson, President. Wm. Ii. Wilcox, Vice Presldont. B. L. Baldwin & Co. GENERAL INSURANCE BEST EQUIPPED AdENCY TO OAUS TOR Tour Insurance Interests. Representing only STRONG OLD LINE INSUR ANCE COMPANIES. Phone D 371. E09-810 rirst National Bank Bldg.' MARTEN BROS. & CO. GENERAL INSURANCE BARKER BLK. TEL. DOUG. 735 Byron R. Hastings. Edward Hastings & Heyden Insurance Agency GENERAL INSURANCE In OUI Iilno Companies. Wo Adjust bosses. 1014 Harney Street. Tel. Douglas 1000. r Everything to Commend It A Western Life Company of great financial strength. Mortality cost very low. Expense of management reduced to minimum. Prompt payment of death claims. Accumulated assets, $3,588,843.00. Capital and surplus, $750,000.00. Business in force, $30,000,000.00. The Bankers Reserve Life Compaay B. H. Robison, Pres. Home Office, Omaha, Neb. Creigh-Baldrige & Go. 81 It is MONEY In your pocket to placo insurance with the agency that looks after Tour interests when you 'meet with a loss. We do- this and have for twen- B! ' ty years. Our policies nro best ti let us convlnco ypu. A telephone call will bring a representative. 'j $ j, K. Baldrige John W. Madden I-' P. A. Crelgn. Si! 9. Insurance, In I Lr Webster, 'Phone, Douglas 970. -: BOOST POS OMASA ' The Columbia Fire Underwriters OF OMAHA Home Offices Entire Third Ploor SXercnaau National Bank Building. ' y Phone Booslas 451, S, O. Talmagc, Manager. U. E. X.eaae, AnUtant Manager. r J. H. Mitlien Go. INC. 921-4 CITY NAT'L BANK BLDG. Surety Bonds Employers Liability Automobile Liability Burglary Plate Glass Joseph Barker Tornado, Accident, Plate Glass, Bonds, Etc. Phone Doug. 29 r WHEELER & WELPTON CO. ! RELIABLE I INSURANCE I OP ALL KINDS. 1511 Dodge St. Phone Doug. 186 I T. Heyden. Nat Meister. INSURANCE FIRK TORNADO AVTOMOlHIiE PLATE GLASS BOILKR HURGLARV HEALTH nnd ACCIDENT ALFREDO. KENNEDY 1 200 First Nnt'I Rank Rldg. Telephone Douglas 723. All Its Branches ! AT ? Howard Co. I : -:- -: 328 Bee Bldg. I INSURANCE 1