PEASANTS WIN IN MONTANA! Wooden-Shoed Satires of Thrire on Farms. Holland C. A- M'CAJTN GIVES INTERVIEW yfeataaa Mas Tells How Immlirtila Settle Land with Hardly Aay Mrr and Have HirarUUt earae with Crop. Utah ii Showing: Other States What Can fie Done. i Wooden shoed peasant farmers from Holland, who have settled In the Hedges sections, art" our best farmers." said Mr. C. A. McCann, whose Isnd product are ah own In the big" booth fronting the North rn Pacific exhibit to a Hee l.and Show writer thla morning. "Thoae who did not pay cash for thrlr tanda, hava not only been prompt In meet ing their payments from crops gmwn bv them, but several Instance thy have discounted iture Installment. "MontanL wa a ' Isnd to thee peo ple, and Montana ! . .Ind climatic condl tlona presented new problem, but they were born tiller of the aoll and were a mentally alert, Industrious Bet. Borne of tha younger onea could apeak a little English, which has aided them greatly; but they were clone observers, too, and exceedingly Imitative that la, of the farm- are already on the ground who were grow ing tha blggeat cropa and had the beat atock." Controls Large Area of Land. Mr. McCann control a Isrge area of landa In tha vicinity of Hedge, and is a coloniser who believe In development, and practlcea cropping considerable tract In order to demonstrate their productivity, and a an aid to new aettlera. These hava been coining Into the Hedge country In considerable numher. from Minnesota, Illinois, Iowa and other state of the cen tral west. Whenever possible Mr. McCann Induces the new farmers to get together In neighborhoods, with the Idf-a of lessen ing the social trials Incident to homemak Ing In a new country. "What Is known In Montana as 'the Hedges section' Is a portion of the great Musselshell valley. In width about twenty miles and In length about thirty miles. It Is bounded on the south by the Musselshell river and on the north by the .Snowy moun- t tains. This low lying range separates It I from the Judith basin, of which It la In all favoring aspects a prototype. It Is traversed by the Chicago, Milwaukee Ht. Paul and tha B. M. railways, the latter commonly known as a branch of tbe Great Northern. flection Well Watered. "The whole section I well watered," said Mr. McCann, "living springs being numer ous and constant flow. Its principal water resources are afforded by three never-falling atreams, having their origin In the Hnowy mountains. The Snowy mountains, avlng some years since been created Into a national forest by the federal govern ment, the water sources are converted In perpetuity. The soil in this section Of Montana Is more than usually deep. It is a light brown loam, underlaid with a subsoil of clay Intermixed with limestone gravel. The latter la not a wash gravel, but consist of about two-thirds clay and one-third lime gravel, which Is nearly pure lime. Not having been subjected to th leaching of heavy rains for long periods of time, and not having been reduced by having forests removed, these soils are rich In all the elements of plant food. Nitrogen, phosphorus, lime and potash form a baae which give the aoll fine lasting qualities. Rain Falls Woe a Needed. The rainfall In this section average from sixteen to twenty-two Inches, occa sionally going to above twenty-five Inches. Of thla precipitation about to per cent fells during April, May, June and July the growing season Just when It la most needed. The later months are compara tively devoid of rainfall, thus enabling crops to be harvested with little danger and at a small coat for protection from the elements. We have not yet found It necessary to summer fallow, for the reason that our farmers In the very early stages began crop rotations. So satisfactory have been the crops, even during the dry season of 910. that last fall seven new power plow ing outfits wore bought and set at work by small companies formed exclusively of local farmers. llmntto Condition Ideal. "The) climatic conditions In the Hedges section are not excelled anywhere In the middle west or northwest. The clear, dry air Is extremely Invigorating and, com bined with the large percentage of bright days, makes the climate one of the most healthful and pleasant There are few days during the entire year In which out door work cannot be done with comfort. No one need fear the winters here. They are) tempered by warm Chinook winds and by tha mountains, and in ant - g S as the winters further east. I want to i i v. , 1 - 1 r'Vorn'r ButMm.nVnNewi"kV. FAST PROGRESS IN FARMING sincere admirers of the actor, hoping to i overcome opposition, prevailed on him to reappear three nlghta later In the char acter of Macbeth. These friend, by aid of the police, con trolled the audience to the extent that few enemlea of Macready were admitted, but a veritable mob gathered outside, infuri ated by their failure to gain entrance, the hostlles smashed every window In the theater and threatened to destroy It. The performance could not be given. Macready, In disguise, made his exit through the front of the hous and out through the mob ana reached his hotel In safety. Meanwhile the mob and the police contended but the lat ter were In danger of masacr when the militia arrived. The crowd hooted the read ing of the riot act by the commander of the Seventh regiment. DESERT WASTES HAVE GONE Fields of Grata Sow flexile Welcome te Visitor Bad etaad as Rvldeace f the Stardy Westerner's Thrift. "Pry PRODUCING BIGJRUIT CROPS Climate of Utah ii Jntt Eight for Orchards. TOTE RECORD IN STATE FOR 1910 Total of One Million TrnH Trees Planted Oaring Year and Mnch (.renter Somber Will Be Set This flaring. HT J EDWARD TAYLOR. STATK HOR TICULTURAL, INSPECTOR. Few states In the union have the divers ity of climate that Is found In the state of Utah, consequently few can produce the variety of horticultural crops grown within Its borders. She has every degree of climate, from the sub-tropical "Dixie1' land In the southern part, where the figs and pomegranates grow In profusion, to the more temperate mountain valleys of the north, which produce the crisp apple in all its perfection. Some idea of the Importance which this Industry I assuming can be gained from the ,fact that nearly 1.000.000 fruit trees were planted In the orchard of Utah In 1910. The planting In 1900 was equally large and from all reports there will be a still By I. E. PRATT. farming is a term usuany usea npn npiiin; oi n.e cultivation oi luini In regions where there are lees than thirty Inches of precipitation. Tbe greater por tion of the land of the United States west of the Missouri river Is classed as arid or semi-arid, and the problem of successful crop growing within this area Is of more vital Importance, and the solution of which mean more material prosperity, than any other Industrial question before the Ameri can people today. The state of Utah proudly claims the distinction of being the first state In the union to seriously attempt the solution of this mighty problem. More than forty years ago a few Intrepid pioneers suc ceeded In favorable localities In demon strating the great possibilities of success ful crop growing without artificial Irrigation. State Wne Qnlek. Following these Isolated examples of suc cess the state was not slow In recognising the necessity of conducting experiments with a view of establishing the fundamen tal principles upon which to base a scien tific thesis for the production of crops upon these lands, and for this purpose many experimental nations were estab llshed In the state under the able direction of Dr. John A. Widtsoe and Prof. Louis A. Merrill. Nearly all the western states oon followed with appropriation sufficient to establish hundreds of experimental stations throughout the entire west, and the won derful progress made has dissipated the obstinate prejudice prevailing and the old methods have gradually given way to the new. With the acquisition of greater knowledge came a marvelous transforma tion and thousands of acres which were i to apples, one-third to peaches and the balance to cherries, pears and apricots, plum, prune, small fruits and berries in the order named. 4 emphasise this matter of Montana weather, lor I una that In no other reapeot la one state more generally misunderstood. I lived for a quarter of a century In the northern states of the Mississippi valley, and our Montana winters are decidedly less gome Early Experiments. Fruit growing In Utah began with the arrival of the pioneers In 1S47 and the growth of the Industry has been steady and conservative since that time. The methods of the pioneers were necessarily crude and much experimental work had to be done to demonstrate the possibilities. The original Idea wa one of home con sumption entirely, but the production soon outgrew the local markets and with the advent of the railroad It became necessary to revise the system and adopt ' different methods. The old orchard had to be re moved and replaced with varieties adapted to the demand of the market. This checked the development of the Industry somewhat for a few year, but the excel lent results obtained by the pioneers were soon manifest In commercial orchards. Soils and Climate. Tha soils of Utah are extremely fertile, containing all the Ingredients which thou sands of years of erosion have accumu lated. The air Is dry and clear and there Is an abundance of sunshine. By means of Irrigation the water Is supplied when needed. This makes an Ideal combination for fruit growing Insuring a produot with all tha desirable commercial features. In cluding flavor, else, color, freedom from blemish, and keeping qualities coupled with maximum yields. There Is sufficient diversity of crops and animal production on the farms adjoining the orchards to Insure the maintenance of everlasting fer tility In tha land. Sunshine Is one of the Important factors In. the . production of fruit. The sun's raya Insure a large sugar content and likewise prevent the develop ment of fungous diseases so detrimental, not only to the keeping quality of fruit. but to the appearance as well. That our fruit has good keeping qualities Is best demonstrated In the Elbcrta peach. It Is not an unusual occurrence to have a carload of peaches sold In the eastern markets, such as Boston, four weeks after being shipped. One car has been known to be alx weeks between the orchard and the consumer, and still bring a good price. Pears from Utah have been shipped to Liverpool, England, with satisfactory re sults to the grower and shipper. Markets for Utah. Utah peachea and apples are shipped to every large market from Los Angeles to British Columbia on the west and north and from New Orleans to Boston on the south and east and to all points In be tween. These markets are being gradually extended to keep pace with the Increasing production and It Is only a question of short time when Utah fruits will be Invad ing Europe. While there Is a great deal greater number set In the spring of 1011. About five-eighths of the area Is devoted Dut veBterday desert wastes, supporting a rank growth of dull gray sage brush, are now covered with fields of grain and al falfa, a change to fill' the heart of man with Joy and thankfulness. Step by step science has unfolded the se crets of nature and the world problem of food production becomea relatively easier. There Waa a Drawback, Heretofore a serious drawback In the de velopment of these vast tracts of fertile lands has been the government require ment of residence; the homeseeker being unfamlllarwlth the possibilities of securing water for culinary purposes has been back ward In pre-empting homesteads; to over come this difficulty Senator Reed Smoot of Utah Introduced a clause In the homestead act of February 19, 1909, which reouires no residence; the act also provided for homesteads of 330 seres of which forty acres must be put under cultivation within a period of two years and forty acres each year thereafter for four consecutive years, at the expiration of which time the land could be proved up on. This act has made It possible for the first time In the history of the union for all classes of people to acquire agricultural lands, and the Increased development which will result therefrom will Very materially Increase the prosperity of Utah l.aad In Rain Belt Most of the land under this act Is situ ated within the belt of the heaviest rain fall In the state, (n Boxelder, Tooele, Juab Millard. Iron, Beaver and Ban Juan coun ties, and all of these counties are produc ing excellent crops without Irrigation; south of Nephl City there Is a stretch of land fifteen miles long and about five miles In width which a few years ago was considered absolutely useless; this land produced last year from twenty to thirty bushels per acre of the finest quality wheat, and with scarcely any rainfall dur Ing the growing season. In the eastern part of Millard county, extending sixty miles north to south there Is a strip of land from two to five miles wide within the belt of greatest rainfall with soil of ex ceptlon fertility free from erosion of the great mountain chains of limestones, quartette and sandstones containing In abundance mineral carbonltes, phosphates and nitrates, with silts washed from the heavy timbered forests, full of humus, and enriched to such great depths that a gen eratlon of tillage will not exhaust Its fer tility; this country has long been the cat tleman's paradise as the benches and val leys are covered with succulent native blue grass; these fertile government landa are now f-'t being filed on under the new en larged homestead act, and like the lands along the same mountain range further south, will produce abundant cropa of grain, fruits and vegetables, and from production standpoint are destined to be come as valuable as any lands in the world, and they who have learned the les son taught by past experience In our state and who grasp the opportunities now of talk of over-production the ingenuity of awaiting the homeseeker In Utah will reap Fomaerly Waa Stock t'onntry. "la former years the Hedges section exoluslrely a stock growing country, and for the main pert the Industry was based upon the nutritious grasses of the pea rang. The Inpourlng of new set tlers, who have turned the sod snd put It Into grains, has put an end to the range Industry, and the transformation now well under way la from the free range, with itg great herds and band, to smaller holding of a higher grade. These will be In increasing number fattened and fitted 'for the block on amaller areas of land The experience of recent years has shown that here can be grown cheaply an Ideal balanoed ration for putting animals In marketable condition. Every year the umber of stock growers who are coming to appreciate this truth Increases, and the larger profits obtained makes the new era m atock growing an attractive one. "The well-being of our farmers has been made possible not alone by grain growing and stock raising, however. There have been excellent profits derived from garden vegetables and small fruits, for these grow proliricatly. Dairying Is also a developing induatry. Taken all together, specialised and general farming have played equally Important parte. "We hope the showing we have made at this splendid Land ahow will Induce more ew people to come out to the Hedges sec tion and sea just what our portion of Montana has to offer to the homeseeker." A QUEER PAGE IN HISTORY American Resentment af Brltlah Prejadlre Caste Many Lives. The moat notable real tragedy recorded m the history of the theater was that of the Aator Place riot. New Tork. May 10, 1M. Edwin Forreat. the American traged ian, had been treated with such hostility In London that he had to abandon bis en- lagement in that city, although be enJoed st success and favor In the English . y 'v ...t.w. ii irnm ui rorresi in ."New f0 Tork took their revenge on Macready, the I great cngusn tragedian. He was hissed from tbe stage of the Astor Place opera the Yankee can be depended upon to con vert the products of the orchards Into profits. With leas than M per cent of the planted area bearing we are producing about 2,000 cars of fruit annually, which, with ths local consumption and manufactured fruit products, brings the total value of the fruit crop to $3,000,000 annually. Within the next six years, when, orchards come Into bearing, the production will exceed fl6,000.0u0. The stats Is particularly for tunate in tho matter of railroad facilities for the transportation of fresh fruit. Spe cial fruit trains from California over the BP : ft the rich reward of the wise and progressive cltlsen. Wlater Wheat Money Crop. Winter wheat and alfalfa, the great stock food, are the great money cropa of semi arid Utah. There Is no country In the world that produces larger continuous yields per acre than Utah. Through the adoption of scientific principles Utah has Increased Its acreage yields until we are first In the United States In barley, til; euaua itcub, rv pvuiius, sugar oeeis, lwi bushels; and second In wheat, with 17.1; oats, with 43.1, and potatoes, 12.81. In con nection with wheat production It Is an In- Southern-Unlon Pacific. Western Pacific terestlng fact that 76 per cent Is raised by Am Lo and the Salt Lake Route pass through the state dally, affording railroad service enjoyed by few orchard sections of tbe weac All Growers Protected Every safeguard Is put around ths grower to prevent the Invasion of any serious In sect pest or dlseaaea. The state maintains rigid inspection In all orchards, nurseries and markets, using every precaution to prevent losses. The number of pests which are prevalent and doing damage to crops Is comparatively small and those that are present can easily be controlled by modern methods of spraying. Ths horticultural de partment of the Agricultural college le ex tremely active In experimental work and In bringing to the attention of the growers approved scientific methods. With the development of the orchard land there has been a simultaneous de velopment of the auxiliary enterprises. such as the canning factory, older mill and sugar factory. These are especially helpful In the development of young or cneroa giving ins grower a market at a contract price for a crop which he can raise between the trees. Thus the expense of maintaining ths orchard until It gets to bearing Is not only eliminated, but the land is really a source of profit. nat r al Usnortnnlt r. While the acreage in ths state devoted to orchards Is Increasing, yet tnere are dry farming methods. Science has taught the leeson of conser vation and utilisation of moisture, and the knowledge has been so widely disseminated that It Is needless to enter Into details of principles Involved; deep plowing, nine to twelve Inches, for reservolring the moist ure; early spring plowing, and the fallow during the eummer to better hold the spring rains, which during the summer months are dissolving the plant foods and holding them in solution, so that when planted In the fall the plants begin to send their roots In ths soli in search of sue-' tenance, the plant takes up barely more than half the moisture of the reeervolred water as It would require of water fresh on the land and holding little plant food In solution; ud It Is by the process of trans piration through the stomata of the leaves thst the largest quantity of moisture Is consumed. Aa Important Problem. Bo this principle of summer fallow where deficiency of moisture occurs Is one of paramount Importance and ons which has received too little attention. After the seed Is drilled In the harrow should be kent busy, as the finer the mulch the less evap oration of moisture, and In this respect Utah's soils era loamy and friable and eJLslly susceptible to pulverisation. These bench lands that are open for homestead entry are IdeaJ for the growing of alfalfa aad alfalfa aeed, as the roots thouaanda of aeres awaiting only capital penetrate far Into the deep soils which eon and energy to transform them from sage- lain all the mineral plant foods neoeaaarv brush deserts to orchards and gardens. Ths I for perfect growth, and when once the ame climate and sunshine which pro- plants srs established produce Increasing duces beautiful, healthy fruits will likewise yields of hay and aeed every season for pe-1 give health and beauty to the children and ricds of from thirty to forty years without , wealth and happiness te alL I nmdlng. 1 Let This Be Y our One Ahm. land! it now! Every man should own a lot of land. Certainly every young man should own some. The opportunity is greater now than it has been in fifty years to realize on good property. In The Bee today many tempting offers appear. People who acquired large estates are willing now that others may share with them. Wide awake dealers are advertising these liberal propositions today. Take advantage of it! Do it now! There is no possible way for you to ever regret it. For further information regarding this property call Doug las 238, or address The Bee Land Department.