THK OMAHA SUNDAY HKK: SnrTKMHKU .11. 1010.
Nebraska's Bohemian Festival is First State-Wide Event of Its Kind
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After the Parade
T
UK first state-wido Bohemian
festival which focused the In
terest oJ Nebraska's 80.)
Bohemian citizen upon the Tel
Jed Hokol hn!l on Sun Hi Thir
teenth Btreet for three day
Is . a matter of history ami the
large number of Bohemian men and
tioraili . who ram to Omaha to Join
In th . week-end of mixed fun and seti-
5o$.L.PacLrno3
"President
a. TekhvaL
Hi
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ou deliberation have left the city days ago.
Many of the thin, raid and done at that
:-llval will not anon be forgotten, however,
nd It la generally felt among Omaha Bo
hemian that Its Influence will be great
among their people of the itate arkl nation.
For decades thene Bohemian-Americans
have been struggling toward the organisa
tion of some scrt of an association. The
nerd which a felt Is not for an organiza
tion simply to keep alive the memory of
things Bohemian In such a way aa to make
Its members one whit poorer Americans;
loo much love Is felt by the Bohemians for
their adopted country to make any such re
ult possible. At the same time they have
realized that to the country which gave
them birth, now struggling and oppressed
by Austrian power, hey owe an Immense ,endeut of lf
ubwi una i no prune onjci 01 mny oriRiiiz
A'
ri vi 3''
v Vs w?v
W ,li.Ul 1 ' ,
" Gov. Dak! man"
in On? Parade
t Norfolk, Rapve-
ln Ik.U .... 1 .1 1 ll OU.HUUIUI
...... .- "" " Father, Petlach of Verdlgree were
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among -
the men present who have had a great In
fluence upon Neb'aaka and her affairs.
' The Impression Omaha , made with these
their kindled who still linger across the
Atlantic. . ' ,.
The Omaha meeting brought theae people
w -,.v orK.mw.uon .nan people la a favorable one. The open-heartad :
have ever beer, before. For the festival . hopltallty 0f their fellow. Bohemian., the
he. e the Bohen.lai.s of the city dropped the p,ennl(1 .nlertatnment provided by . the
rellg ou. feeling which have alway.. to a t.omttee and the eourt.ay whloh thay met
considerable extant held them apart and at tn. n4nd, of non-Bohelan Omaha haa
workeU shoulder to shoulder for It. auocess.' tl, ctJ. . w,rm p,ac m th,lr h,artB
Those who came from a distance fell' which wa reflected when It wa voted to
readily Into the spirit which the local Bo- have fuither feativaja of ii armilar nature'
hemlans had ahown and a. a result a meet- in Omaha.
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Ing haa ben arranged tor September II at
a-TTnwur. or every loage in meetlnif. -what It m..n. t.. th. Rh.min.
To fully appreciate the slgairioaiica of this
Hot "
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-
(tov iiivf.-: ti
Trank BouJtan
ScKoqI Children Honariu Picture oiVolui Commenius
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A
of Bohemia deserting their native land for distribution of Bohemian population as lo
America. atatesj
It is Impossible to give the exact number Illinois 120.0m)
of Bohemian Immigrants to the 'nlied Nebraska HO.tVW
St. ..a .1,. K...,. nr,.ll.l New Yolk 60.W
many of them aa AuHmni. However, tak- Wisconsin
ing Into consideration the Immigrants from Texas
... w..r . present 10 o.scuss me who attended and the remainder of the
forming of a at at association. It Is almost go.oou Bohemian, in Nebraska who were not
certain that this committee will report able to attend. It Is neoeosary to take a
favorably and It doea not require an elab- rropeCtlve view of the hlatory of the
orate flight of the Imagination to picture a Bohemian country, with ita many mlafor-
natlonal Bohemian association resultlns tur.es and vicissitudes; to Inquire Into the
from the efforts of Joseph . Padrnoa and causes for the gieat .yearly Influx of Bohe-
the other local Bohemians who worked mians into ,., -j , ,,,,,.
night and day to make thla festival a uc- the place the Bohemian, who have Imml- "
ce"; grated to this country hold in the carrying Herman waa a man of excellent education
A second object of the meeting was the on of our government.' ' and for that reason he was entrusted by
furthering of education of the Bohemian Time was, four centuries or more ago, Governor Stuyvesant of New Amsterdam
children in the old country and In achlev- when the kings of Bohemia wero the em- with many an Important mission. He was
Ing thla object the festival was equally perora of Rome and when these self-same the man who drew the first map of Mary-
auccesaful, There was not a alngle session kli gs had beneath thejr sway the greater land, one copy of which Is still preserved
where some word was not spoken for educa- portion of Central Europe. The Bohemia lo the British museum and another at
tion. Even In the lea. serious events, the of today, exhausted and, struggling -under . Richmond In the archives of the state of
octal, the parade, the play and the child- the Germanising influence, la but a shadow Virginia. Herman worked on this map for
ran", party, one heard constant reference, of the great empire to which a few hun- t" years and when he presented the fln-
to the deplorable educational condition, dreds of years ago the eyes of all the lshed product to Lord Baltimore the latter
among the Bohemlana In the old country. ' world wore t timed In envy and. admiration, -was so pleased with the work that he en-
So great an impreseton did this all make One who knows the Intense love which dowed him with 20,000 acres of land In Cecil
upon the Bohemians present that at the the average Qohemlan holds, for hi. home county, Maryli nd, which estate to thla day
aeaaton on ' Sunday a substantial sum of and country yon side the Atlantic, or one 1 known as "The Bohemian Manor."
money waa raiaeti to Duua and equip hool who while traveling over the European The second of- theae Bohemian en!- n6m.a every patriotic act was condemned money and then, with purse well
nouses In Rnhmli itnH n aKam..Iu& uu , 1 . . ....... ... . -
" . . ...v. -u, vuu.n.io i. mrvrien ai wie natural oeau- grants, runups, was uaewiae a man oi Hs treason to Austria. This dl.tresslng con- return lo their own country.
V " J . ...w uiuurai wniwn lies or mat pan ot nortnern t.urope which prominence ar.a he. as well as hia descend- dltlon WMch .was only added to by the los. The latest report of the commissioner of. a success, and the very success of the local
aaniy neglecting. is Bohemia, ia at loa to understand the ants, played a prominent partjn the de- of Bohemian live, and property in the A".- immigration .how. only 2 per cent of meeting Is apt to have a great deal to do
Omaha has been fortunate during the extraordinarily large number of people who velopment of New Amsterdam. He waa the tro-I'russlKn war of 1K66. became so dee- Bohemian immigrants Illiterate, as com- with a final burying of religious dlffei-
ummer In being called upon to entertain have emigrated from that -country to the owner of many large estates, one of which, perate as to force many to leave the old pared wltla 4 per cent of Germans, and still ences and the formation of a national Bo-
aeveral associations of forelgn-'orn Ameri- Vnlted Statea. .... tm) B0.CaUed Great Highland-," now com- country and It was but natural that they greater number of other nationalities. As hcmlan society. .
cana ana as earn body of thm haa come " ' re political, religious prlsea the whole of Putnam oouhty, New nhouA ,url, their faces toward the United to the criminal record, there never has been The action which the local meeting took
ana gone in impression has become more ana economical. The religious revolution York. Phllllpa Ilea burled In - Sleepy Hoi- statea, then especially prominent as a land Bohemian executed in thla""country. toward the betjer education for Bohemian
firmly rooted that America's adopted child- at the beginning of the seventeenth cen- low" cemetery next to Washington Irving. ot f,ee people. It Is In the farming districts that the children Is not tf novel one to these people.
mi are among ner oei ciiixena. As 11 waa iury, surrey iy aoeinnea of Jan Hub, gave It will be interesting to know that George Poverty ia. nowadava. the cauae of the Bohemiana have attained the greatest lie- They have always been a well educated
with the German sangerbund, it was birth to several religious sects In Bohemia, Washington was at one time engaged to a greater portion of the Immigration to. this gre of success. It Is there that we can and an' tducatlon-lovlng people, and as a The toUi numt)er f ihcse parochial schools'
In the t'nited rttalt? is seventy-five, of
which one is located In Omaha. Thesn
schools have a total attendance, of about
H.000. There i also on Institution of
higher learning, St. I'rocopius college Ul
Chicago, which is conducted by the Bo
hemian Benedictine order.
45,01 K)
46.l"0
40 0 0
. - Moravia and Silesia, the Austrian provinces T;;Wa " .7. .V.V'.V. ' so WW
the old country. Many Bohemian .patriots, where the Bohemian language la spoken, the Kansas 'm.iw
especially during the stormy year, 184S, total number of Bohemians In the United' The strong antagonism between the two
Bought a refuge beyond the sea to avoid States Is estimated at 562,000, of which 232.- camps of Bohemians In this, country, the
the consequence, of their patriotic eal. 000 are foreign born. It Is worthy of note catholic and the non-Catholic, who call
The courts were showing no mercy to those-that these figures are almost equally dl- themselves free-thinkers, has alway. pre
who were charged with political crime, vlded between men and women, which vented the formation of anything approach
and when, later, the government of Aus- show, that Bohemian Immigrants have come ing a national organization. The meeting
trla pasaed Into .hands unfriendly to Bo- to this country to stay, and not to raise held here last week waa one of the very
filled, earliest meetings in which Catholic and,
non-Cotliolics factions have united to make
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with the German editors, as It was with and th auppressl.jn of them ater the battle granddaughter of Phillips, but In the tumult country. This poverty Is largely the re- best see the great share they had in build- consequence many Bohemians are proml-
ine jvriegemuna, so it waa with Ihesa Bo- or Whit mountain (Blla hoia) In 1020 of the struggle for Independence seems lo ,it of Inattention on the part of the Aus- ing up the United States. Accustomed io nent in the United States today. in the dif-
hemlan-Americans. Among the number caused many to einigrate to other countrlea have forgotten her. She later married a trian government to the welfare of certain hard labor, they are ever willing to undergo ferent professions.
who gathered In Omaha for tho festival, and several came aa far aa America. Of Colonel Morrison. ' parts of Bohemia, especlall the aouthern the hardships of pioneer life, and there Is Wherever it is possible the Bohemian
one aaw hundred, of men and women who Iho latter August Herman to. I'M) and Most or the immlgatlmi to this country and eastern parts. This, coupled with un- a saying that if anyone can wrest a crop Catholics, impelled not only by'love of their
are occupying prominent pi; In the af- FrederlcK Phillips td. I'K) are the most of late years may be attributed to the po- bearable taxation, haa been the cause of from the soil, it Is the Bohemian fanner. tongue, but as well by loe of their faith,
fair, of the .tale. lr. al, supeiin.- important' from a historical standpoint, lltlcal conditions which have prevailed In many of the best citizens of those portions The following table give, the approximate havo built up schools in charge of nuns.
Developments in the Field of Electricity
Tralsi lllapatchliia- .Metaetls.
NUMBER of electrical engineer
X I and railroad tra'n dispatcher.
f'L I met recently In the office of ihe
111 Pearl street to watch an ex
hlbitlpn of some recent improve
ments In telephonic train dispatching under
the system known as the Gill select on.
This la the vyeteni of dispatching trains by
the use of telephones instead of the
telegiaph, which is being lapklly adopted
by railroads all over the couutiy.
The experts present at the demonstration,
relates (he New York Sun, were familiar
with the wofk In general way, and their
Intel en was in some recent improvement;
but to the laymen present, among whom
were a number of ieiorter. the whole ss
tem was like magic. A large office room
waa fitted up with the apparatus of u,
train dispatcher in one corner and In
another corner the apparatus of an opera
tor with whom the dispatcher was sup
posed lo be communicating. There were
also a number ot regulation . railway
semaphore signals. I
The operator aits at a desk with a
telephone receiver al his ear. Before him
Is a switchboard on which are a number
of small keys and over each key Is printed
a signal number as, for Instance, 1-4-4-3.
Th operator know, that that ia the signal,
which when th key is turned quarter way
round will repeat the numbers In the on
station or office the operator deatrea to
t'ommunicate with and In no other office,
of uourse the operator soon become,
familiar with the code number and their
ori sHJUdlng atations, but to make It
absolutely funl-proof the nam of the s ta
lon Is primed abov Ita proper key. Hav
ing turned Ui key the operator througU
the receiver at . his ear knows tnat the
signal haa reached the desired station he
cause lie hears It by a "come back" elec
trical arrangement.
The operator lias yet more assurance
that lie haa called the right office. , He has
assurance that the operator In. the office
ha has called knows that be Is being called
if he Is anywhere In the neighborhood of
his post of duty, for the turning of that
key sets a ciangoious bell tinging In tne
office galled and the operator rending the
signal plainly hears b teleplionV the bell
sound, though it may lie loo mile away.
The signalling arrangements ina cause tne
bell lo ling a limited time or continue t
ring until the sending operator by an op
eration of the key stops II. This he would
do when he had concluded thai the op
erator he was calling might be busy selling
a ticket, receipting fur an. express package
or trolnng in the moonlight with his best
'""I-
The sending operator has been acting
under Instructions from the division train
dispatcher and be must signal a train ap
proaching the station he has railed, and
when hs ha made up hia mind that the
operator he wanted io communicate with
is not to b reached the sending operator
then teaches up to an electric swiicn, moves
ll and the semaphore danger signal nearest
the si,.tion he has called fails and holda
any approaching train. If even by the time
the next train approaches and I. held up
by the signal the called operator has not
responded a tralnhand Jumps to the ground,
unlocks a telephone booth near the station,
tails up the sending operator and receives
his instructions.
The explanation so far tells hat ia dona
if the called opeiatot does not respond,
which, of course, would very rarely be the
case. The called operator, hearing the bell
ring if he is at any distance from the tele
phone, or hearing his station code signal if
lie is at his place, proceeds at once without
any switching or calling up a central to
receive his orders from the sending opera
tor. All this is done by any one with In
telligence enough to receive and understand
uulers from a train dispatcher.
Beyond the advantage of not requiring
expen telegraphers to carry on the dla
patching, the vystem has been found to
have many other econo nic advantages. H
is the expeitence of dispatchers handling a
Morse key and calling up an office by. the
signal letters of that office that the opera
tor called answers when he gets good and
ready and If lie happens to be a little
grouchy It takes him some lime to get
ready; but tills curious re-ult has been
noted wherever the telephone vystem has
been intalled: an operator will more
promptly answer hia signal . hearing the'
alarm bell sounded than If he Is listening
uniy to the monotonous ciick of the tele
graph instrument. He also receives his
Instructions more rapidly because you can
talk quicker than you can telrgiap.i, and
it Is a mote simple aud natural thing io
confirm tne order by vertal repitl.lo.i. Tne
division train 'dispatcher on one western
railroad has estimated thai the telephone
has saved 1 per cent In the time required
in the conduct of the train dispatcher's
affair over, ilia division.
It T rata a by Pbwae.
The Delaware. Lacks anna & Western
raihoad has entirely dispensed with the
telegraph for train dispatching purpose.
The telephone haa taken its place. On th
alxly-thre miles of line between Scranton.
Pa., and Uingiitmlvn, N. Y., In pu ib
first trial of the new system was made.
Now the company has 271 stations equipped
with the telephonic outfit and 2,500 miles oil
wire.
Though experiment with telephone dis
patching were Flailed in the west, the
Lackawanna !. the first road to use the
system exclusively over all its line.
A. great saving of time has resulted from
the Innovation. It is easier to summon sta
tions along the line and calls are answered
more promptly than under the former sys
tem. The whereabouts of trains and the
condition of the motive power and cars In
transit are known at headquarters to an
extent not possible when the telegraph was
used.
In addition to the phones at stations and
towers, there are siding phone booth from
which train crews may communicate with
the dispatcher. Under former conditions
a freight train might be held on a siding
for hours while waiting for a passenger
train tu pats it. Now the conductor calls
Uuii the dispatcher and obtains directions,
possibly to move on twenty or thirty inileii
Ivitiic: before overtaken by the passenger,
.tiain.
In ca.-e a freight train waa detailed or
met with some other mishap, the wreck
ing crew always used to Include a telegra
pher. The trainmaster had to write out
nii-iauin io headquat lets, give them lo
the operator and wait upon the slow work
ing of the Morse- alphabet. The telegrapher
Is no longer i.e.-ded. The trainmaster gives
all his Iiu'.ji inalicn by word of mouth and
receives Information In return in less than
half the time required by lha old process.
Wireless r Home I teaslls.
In hi Philadelphia home r'. B. Cham
bers, a wireless enthusiast, hat. been dem
onstrating the possibilities of au-rlal com
munication. The rmpular idea that to con
verse by wireless emails a larre prelimi
nary expenditure for an outfit. is a iiilstaks.
Th. man receive, messages fruui hia w.X
tnroiigu tiie libs of an umbrella, throiign a
common dlshpan, and, according to Popular
Mechanics, by means of such ordinary mate-rial
as a wire (iulhcsline.
The possibilities of using this form of
wireless communication taut suue'sl them
selves are unlimited. For Instance. It will
be easy for boys who are cauipins lo be in
touch witn their homes by merely stretch
ing wlrea between two trec-a. the wires be
i.g a few jarclH of clothesline, which can
be purchased by the reel for 33 cents at
any hardware store.
A tin washbowl ran be found at any
lump or summer cottage, and this pro
v.cUs a perfectly satisfactory means o."
catching t lie wireless words lhal cavort
around the atmosphere.
If the campers have been so forget fu'
as to omit a tin washbowl from their
equipment then there are aeveral substi
tutes within easy reach. Chambers proved
this hy iiH-nding a cot that had a wire
support for tne mattress and with this as
a receiving Implement the ticking started at
once, m.-ssages that were being sent to the
I hlladelphla navy yard being plainly hi-aid
thiough the receiver clamped to the ears.
Of course It is not possible to send mes
sages ty litmus of these tliuple devices
used In receiving. These conversations
must be one-sided. The person cannot talk
back through his dishpan or umbrella.
"1 have great fun calling my husband at
nifcht." saa Mrs. Chambers, won has
learned to operate the wireless apparatus
ai her home. "1 agree with him when 1.4
is away from home to call hi in at a oeriulu
hour and then he .an hear all the news by
way of the umbrella aerial or by hitching
his rec-lver io an Improvised aerial in the
vicinity.
"The appliance which makes it possible
for til til to leceive wireless messages, but
nt to send any, can be tarried in a suit
case. It cost him about li to make lb
"TUe other iiighl be aa in the aubuiba
on business and 1 tiied for a iong time to
pick iiitn tip. Ail the wireless Operators
around who happened lo be at leisure
Joined me In the hunt and the air was
warm with such messages as: -Chambers
your nlfe wants you.' 'Chambers, you're
goins to get it when jou get home,' -Hello,
Chambers, hotfoot It to Ninth Btreet,' and
so on.
"I learned when he came home that he
had caught most of the messages, and the
following night he amused himself calling
up the wireless stations and Jollying the
operators who had been kind enough to
Join In the wireless hunt for him."
Regulation of Automobiles
New Yorkers have quite recently had '
brought to their attention the examination
of chauffeurs under the new Callan law;
and we have all mentally approved, espe
cially those of us who have watched the
gyrations of green hands on some of the
vehicles for hire. But Massachusetts has
long had the same provision, and to this
fact 'also Governor Or.iper pointed with
pride, at the conference of governors. Th
examination is practical. The chauffeur
must know the law: he must know the
raits of the road and the traffic legulations
of cities; and he must know the Inwards
of an automobile. He must prove his
knowledge, first on paper, and then on lh
street in a car, and if he falls, like th
Macbeth family, he falls.
Pennsylvania la clearly behind the limes
In having no examination for professional
chauffeurs. The aspirant simply has to fill
out a form, pay .', swear or affirm thai
lie Is a perfectly goou chauffeur, and ilie
thing la done, and be is entitled to dl.-pidV
the I wu-and-a-half-lm-h badge conspicu
ously. Then again, In Pennsylvania, wliili
'lllcy have a graduated (e fur automobiles,
the,. highest fee is no more than $lo, ' a.
against in Massachusetts and elsewhere.
New Jersey follow. Massachusetts in
providing that every automobile should
have two brakes, "powerful In action and
separated from each other," a. against tha
"good and sufficient brakes" of the Penn
sylvania law; and New Jersey further fol
lows the Bay state In providing for tha
lighting of lamps a hnlf-hour after sunset.
New Jersew examines its would-be chauf
feurs, us New York now does, but allows
'any proper person of the age of 16 or
over to riiH. a car," v. herea. most stale
make the minimum age IH. New Jersey !'
equally liberal In the matter of registration
fees, having a graded rale of i, ti and 1 10,
less than half the rates In most states. Thaj
Fpeed limit in New Jersey la twenty-five
antf fifteen miles presenting a third va
riety within three states. But New Jersey
haa an explicit exception, providing that
"the foregoing provisions concerning tha
speed of motor vehicle, shall not apply to
any speedway built and maintained for th.
exclusive use of motor vehicle., if the said,
spetdway at no point crosses any publlo
street, avenue, road, turnpike, driveway or
other public thoroughfare, or any railroad;
or railway at grade." Charles Johnston, ia
Harper's Weekly.
Ka.orlte Kletlun.
"Come Might Along, Old Chap; My
Wife Will Be Delighted to 8ee You."
"How Becoming Your New rfat Is, iear.'
"I Don t Mind the Ixies of the Money,
bul the Papeis the Thief Got Were Very
Valuable."
'Trespasser on This Property Will Vm
Piosecuted."
"My r'ellow Citizens, I 1 Hi Not Consider
This Serenade a personal Compliment."
"If i Thought Smoking Waa Hurting
Me I'd Quit It In a Minute."
" 1 'on i fare for an Automobile Myself,
but M V Wife Insists on Having (."
"1. allies and Gentlemen. Misa P kes.
toe i opular r.lot uiioniHl, Will Now l,nler
tain You'
'The Meeting Will ' He Called to ' OrdsC
at w'clock .Uaru." Chicago Xabuue,
