2 THFi OMATTA SUNDAY BEE: SEPTEMBER 4,-1910. , " , Britain's Army in India; Native ym.v. 1 4 I V THE HIGH (Copyrltht ;Mr Frnk Q Carpenter.) t 1 nnll , Th Pti?0?H: I 1 I T,P ?h, f ? ,f ah I VJ . .!!,nJnd'vCOntUe- " t ' k . rZn . . . ' ' ,, " that snows the volcano beneath. Since I have been hero the anarchistic organiza tion, hava made attempts upon the lives oil many officials, trains have been wrecked nd the root barbarous plots unearthed. Beveral boroba have been thrown at the viceroy, and no high official Is safe. In the main the natives are quiet; but the unrest laaema increasing and any International f complication In which Great Britain takes part may precipitate trouble. On mv v Kr r.i.,,,,. T ;wlth General Fola-Carew a well known -British tffloer. In speaking of the army b aald: ' "Our Indian troops will be loyal enough as lion aa England Is In the ascendency and Her ower In the far east predominant If I -we should have trouble with uny other na ition. such aa Rustaa. for Instance, and should meet with defeat, there would be a j danger that the Indian army would fly to 'the worship of the rising sun. Aa It Is now " wa hold India, because it Is a oontlnent of vj wwm rauier man one. Tne peoples I are suoh that they cannot com bis. The IBMrobem oX the various castas hat yk an- mr iftJ race win not ax and tha - I llaSlCaaal fJVT. If H Jala! J txiM 1 V A the death. It la to this that our safety lias. Said another general whom I met here at riuan rule were removed for m wees, jnaia wouia De anarchy. The Mohammedans would swoop down on On we ainaoos, ana tne aoorkhas would loot and massacre the towns of Bengal. The only HyaUon for India Is In a strong power at the head, and we manage our in. cum sua Sects in auch divisions that they cannot combine. Wa learned that during the Sepoy rebel lion and shall never forget It" 4 Tha Bodlers Loral. I am told that the agitators are doing all they can to stir up sedition ln the army. Fuoucauons are smuggled into the native harr.u. ..t ,. .a. . create dlasatlsfutinn r th mi ... tMm . Z" , , " " IT. . ... - ..... '"'-" somiers are loyal and stick to the British. Never- ld r'hl th'nkLn'1 .nd thlnklDf wished TSlJ P IT; I W" W" watched and discussed In the barracks, and It was a great surprise that the Japanese dJt?td K.h RuMlana- 11 w, the ofet f tha white man by the brown man, and the question among the flahtlns clans la. the Jape were victorious why should not .-" ..u.u u. . ,u some great war 1 tha future. On tha other hand, .the , rajahs appreciate tha conditions that would obtain should the array, as now constituted. be dissolved. One of the northern chiefs who controls a population larger than that of Great Britian, recently said: 1 should like to see the British far more than It costB. This is especially eminent success, and part of his constant leave India, If they did 1 would take a B0, as the Hindus pay the total expenses of car n oeen always to co-operate with half doaea' regiments, and within three the military supplies and of the soldiers. hl" brother ln maintaining the principle lweeka there would not be a two anna bit The cost amounts to something like 1100,000,- which sometimes costs money ln the pub left on tha plains of the Ganges. We would 000 a year, but this Is all raised by the tax- business to give the Scrlbner im lopt tha Bengalese and capture their women, atlon of Hindustan. prlnt only to BUch books as deserved pub l tall you It would be sport" Tne lrmy u not extravagantly kept from "'t'n on their own merits, as nearly as , ' 1 Tha Army of India. John Bulla hold upon India Is th. won- whlch , go0(1 pay for tnls part o( the der of colonial governments. Ha has here world. Moreover, those who remain ln the a combination of tha most turbulent and ,ervice for a fixed length of time are re most peaceful peoples on earth. He has tlred on a pnslon 0f 5 cents a day. and. soma whose religion teaches them It Is therefore, can luxuriate for the rest of their duty and business to fight and plunder their Uvea, their fellows; and millions who have feuds with each other and who would fight to the The Police Force, death did they not fear the strong arm of in addition to tho army. India has a tha British. large civil police. Every town has Its local Nevertheless, he controls the country with watchmen, and every olty Is patrolled by military force which averages much less police with clubs ln their hands. The local than one soldier to each thousand people, village police aggregate something Ilka India has altogether 300,000.000, and the 700,000 men, and this would be hardly total army, Including both British and na- enough to give one to each village. In addi tives, is only 236,000. Thl. Is scattered all tlon there are thousands ln the cities and over tha peninsula. There are eight dlvls- on the whole order is fairly well kept. The Ions ln the north, a large party of which thugs and other castes, who. In times past guard tha frontier, and there are four dl- made a business and religion of murder and vision, ln Uia south, as well as troops In stealing, have been wiped out, but there are Burma and a garrlslon at Aden, Arabia. still armed gangs who now and then go Tha army, all told, would be small, even about committing robbery and housebreak if tha country were homogeneous and ng. "peaceful. It I. nothing In comparison with The system 4it police work Is excellent, tha great forces which ara forming in The watchmen are under the eyea ot the 'Europe and In the far east. If India had aa many soldiers aa Japan has on a peace footing lu army would number S.000.000. and If on a war footing It would be more than 12,000,000. Tha German, hava 1 per cent of their whole population under arms, and in times of war they could put 6 per cent of It Into tha field. At tha same ratio India could hava li.000,000 under aruia In the antra rtt the future, and tha only w. that mlffht Dossibly auroass It In - .... . .... number, would ba th. Chinese, who at tna jama rat. cou.d muster, perhapa. Th. IrtU. " m.d. over b, 1 1- ... ? , . :A II If ' I ""I i ...--.'"'.'III .-I - .. -xv,,:u.. ' ; india has sevebal.ovmex cobps f j J- COURTS AT CALCUTTA. Lord Kitchener. I met him about a year the thug, and members of the other castes, f 80 h"0 " "tta. when he was Kill who formerly made crime a business. Ther ,n.char ' th trOOP'- 1,9 'Peak h'ffhlyre many of these. The Kuru marus ar. f the BoIller" " flhUn force professional thieves and pickpockets. lW y ,ney ,0i to th Kvernm8n. althou" attempts have been made to crrui mem. L,ord Kitchener when he came to India about eight years ago found three armies, each confined to one part of the country. He consolidated these and mobilised them. He made nine divisions, each of which had Its own general and staff. These were organised for war and each could take the field Intact, leaving enough troops behind to maintain order, Every division had Its own . transport and supply arrangements, and the divisional generals had great authority. At the same tlm uJaltlonal officers wera appointed nd ,n,I,ta, college Instituted to supply others. Lord Kitchener reorganised the cavjl'y nd Infantry, as well as the other l' "u " w" ounn ministration that the army proper ' dlvlied from the department of millUry "UPPUe- '''', . Military applies. - . . ... . - r- - " mis last department nas now its own secretary, and It Is one of the great bust- insmnuons or me government. " daJ Wth army contracU. the manufao- ture of clothtjig ocdBanoo, tne trans- ortatlo of fta9P-rs and food, and v? Inna i . 1 ,. 3. a-C making boots axd tYSJs tor b aalers. mai,n. v,M. ... fattnaHM airtnM v . large estbllshments for the manufacture jviuiicd .ui uianiiiai raiiiroa Bft.uu mou lauuure of var- farma, of field guns, shells and armament loua kinds. It has camel and cattle and It supplies mules and horses and other nim.i. r.n.nnr Tk. .... -.i animals for transnnrt. ThrA ftr mvrn 1 camel corps, and there are parts of the country where the camel owners are given ,ands free on condiUon that they hold a certaln number of camelB available for rrtlM..rv v.. Thl. A.n.r(mt h.. also to do with elephants, some of which are used for dragging the great guns through the Jungles and over the roads. In coming long dlstanoes both elephants and guns are transported by railroad. The chief breeding farms for horses. mules and donkeys are situated In cer- n .wt,4 i.irin. m nnrh-m tIk "; - ------ uwn' iu" syaicru in 10 pur- cnase young stock and rear them on the government farms. Horses for the ... ",, . , . , nd stalUon. from Arabia for tha improve- th. native stock. . Tfce ATTTT .... The officers here tell me that tha army Is the best paying ' asset in John Bull's it... ia. i..,n..i. t is kept up without taxing the people at home, and it gives him a big fighting force which he can shift to any part of the world upon order. He used It against the Boers, ,nd also In China at the time of the Boxer rebellion. In case of an Asiatic war of any description it would be Invaluable to him, and UDOn tne Wb0le it makes India worth a western standpoint. The native soldiers ..i. .,.,.,i,i. i,u. nr 11 r,.r mnnth head men of their village., and Important crimes are reported to the district, and in many cases the watchmen are re- sponsible for losses or thenu. Every place has Its own police station and arrangement, for patrol day and night In the larger towns there are po- lice commUsloners and at the station. lists ara kept of released convicts, sus- iuril characters and habitual offenders. Hurh nartia aare carefully watched and ... when they move, their reputation, go w,m them ,0 form j part of th. bl.ca ...t or Vpn uch Ust. ara th. descendant, of .iter i Jk ; - v- . V teach their children to steal and lie, out ot ,t. They burglarise houses not Through the doors or windows, but by digging through the mud walls with instrument, made for the purpose. . g Professional Murderers, The thugs have about dluappeared, having; been hunted down by the police like wild beasts. They were a caste or band of hereditary assassins who first strangled then robbed their victims. They had maps of the country with murder stations marked upon them, at which places one could kill with least danger of discovery. Tey killed by wholesale. In one of the trials a certain thug confessed that he had oe" engagea in sw muraers. . Vh TlZZiZ. r I, rV r .J " . IT. 01 a"' J16 thug They wrtt in snll gangs following Sit XHm Ml!. k PtaIn Ihllr r . Sa.h-Kt- thalr a cape. On, , of the most common fnura la mix vomica. A.nn innthA. I , A r " , " - Ji,,,, .l., j , , JTj" ' "",v-" - " . Twi LTl f hls untry. It Is "."If oua 1n" ncleait India, "a ""vew VIIW VI MtO I11K . f Tf'l, had - no """" " J ' no a . . . . save Sl'dteii "fri" r,. unrt th j-a . murf ' ' A Gentleman Publisher. 3 Mm HE September American Maga- l . 1 ... ... .u wiiuuB. ine ioiiowwg sKetcn oennner. wnicn is here quoted In part: vciy gou way to gain a correct ImDresslon of what ' . - . . vi. ,i,i. a..ik ... . ouwer nae is to tninK 01 win as me operating mind ln the publlah- mg Business which he and his brother, Arthur uotui... en. . ,. : ihm,.h .h. .m...k..' J. " ' New York publishers have experienced and observed during the last fifteen or twenty ,r. m, .,.ji , its contemnorari- ,.wi . . which the figure of Its senior partner is very clearly reflected. -ttr. i.ikn.. . . .... , , nesa at an early age for a man to assume the responsibility oi such traditions as his father's were. He began the perpetuation of that memory ln his choice of the firm name, and he has laid his course by that compass. Keeping abreast of the times. no has developed the business upon the principles which under lay his father s iii juugmeni auu ihhi vi nis auvisers could be confident. Often he has pub lished books for which no great sale could be foretold: never,' an unworthy book imply for the sake of the money It would bring lu. The general estimate ln (Jie trade, and even of the public which cannot Judge so acutely of the value of that im print is pretty good guarantee of the quality which it marks. For if a Ming? word may be chosen to express the Ueppent spring of his actions, it would p".'hapa be tha word 'fastidious,' and this refers, nat urally, not only to his attitude toward literature, but to his whole outlook In t!ib world. "One of the most Jog-trot of the virtues I. also one not always found even among generally succesaiui men pauenev. j-.ui .11 tms respect sir. Dcr.oner is mgmy e.,-- dowed. As a stater to his Instinctive sour- tesy, it has much to do with the under- standing ot hla character which Is held In his offices. He has doubtless had many ex- perlences with business rivals as well as business associates which have tried his temper; me puonsning oua.i.eaa is .uuB. to try anybody's temper: Of strong cou- victlons and vigorous Ideas, It may be ald that ho Is alow to wrath, yet slow in no otner process of his mind. He is eminently a Just man, and punetlliouBly careful of other people's rights. Just now he is in the greatest activity of his middle life, and ni strong personality Is a guiding forea not only ln hi. own office, but throughout the body of American publishers." i . - ..... k . ... 1 -n u.h.1. . a u ! . .'Zl TZL ,n .tarted on "r.mlniac.nc.n," about Senator Soldiers Great Factor in Restless Life Poisoning has always flourished in India, Tne gnl of the gods are full of the custom, and love charms and death charma m etl be bou nt Th d P018011 cattle for ,ho ak of their hide, by' P,aclnff areenl ,n ihelr ing .troughs; Md u,,,, rec!nt tlmea an attompt made to poison an army official with 'X ""IBM "" diamond dust mixed with arsenic. There; ftre traditions of princes and piinceesM who nave been Mnei robe8 llke that of NeMtlB. Baby Killers. unui very leceiiu v DHB oi Tji fnofVT mm. Until very recently one of the most com- 71? ln Ind' ha' bn lnfaIltJcl'1o. " " . 4t ' . . - 8 practlced ln Bome locallUea, bing- PrevaIent t the time of famine. . Gossip and Stories About People of Note John James Tnvalls. Tt will rav vnn aa vm the Kansas City Journal. " In a little group of this kind on a recent evening in Atchison, talk switched on to the famous senator, and one of the group declared that ingalls had met his match i- , j , ' irony. "How was that?" asked the others. " man iiameu i unties a. He told that a man named Charles S. Uraper who been an employe of the United I Si VT.T"' m' P'rfai J 2 w, . . mT' , torial seat, was delegated by other era Ployes to try and Ingalls to favor the giving of an extra month s wages to these employes. Ingalls had made a vitriolic speech against 'e vlan whton 11 aa PrPsed on the floor " ",0 nu irequenny inter- Jected ln,to hls remarks: "There Is no prece- ant tov ,hl8 Mr President; there Is no Precedent." , " Rise of HERBURN S. M BRR1LL, who died ln 1S85. was by far the "Look here. Blank, I have very good rea greatent railroad builder and son to believe that you are not giving this manager of his time' in the west company its share of the fares collected." A native of Vermont, he served a.H a hruL.nian anrl frniirht nnn. Jut;lor and ,n otner ,uboralnat- positions ln his state before going west. He reached Milwaukee with only a few dollars in his pocket flfty-elsht years ago. Mr. Merrill was one of those everlasting woikerM ho inspire those under them to their bsit efforts, and it Is not strsnge that he 'oroke down oon after be was 60 years of age. He had a rough exterior. His nHture was that of an army Com mander and he was plain spoken and at time Inclined to be savage, but his heart was as tender as that of a woman. His swuu uerua wtsrv aeaneivu n.u.ig an .l. 111a iiiiee. ana lonay mere are tew men wnu are more frequently discussed and whose acts are more heartily commended than this great railroad chief, who began as foreman of a gang of graders and reached the highest station that the west cou.d confer upon him. dDllwj .hlrk. a,.d ,hleve.. If he discovered an untidy station he would drop in upon the agent unexpectedly and say to him, "Let me never again see this station look as shabby as it does today." It was all that was neceaaary to keep the station clean and wholexome during the term of Umt aunf Teleeranh nneratora who aleDt while on duty walked out without cere- many as soon as the "old man" heard ot it. It happened on the St. Paul, as It Is sup poped to have happened on other roads. I'ho were suspected . h . . h .r. . . r. m . n w ""Z a'J" m m hri of - th. .ua- pact When h. cam. to headquarter. Mr. L ;:;,Ji)Ji-.. i w fiZ f fli: &r kt - . . m Suoh Infants are usually girls. Many of aa n aw ;unviaw ,aa nnr. ouuii iiuano- txre uucuijr iru. in-u? i the Hlndue look upqn the birth of a female oiUId as a ours; and at a cenaus taken not ' TV.. .ln.r.. V. .1,1 nlln. and Draper was selected to see Ingalls - " .ww.ww w ---o and plead with him to withdraw his batter- les. The senator listened to the tale of hardships endured by the clerks, doorkeep- era, messengers, laborers and so on, and then asked abruptly: "Draper, If you are so dissatisfied with your Job why don't you resign and let some one else get It?" ursper joosea ingaus squt Draper looked Ingalls squarely in the eye for a moment and replied in imitation of Ingalls' voice and manner In debate: Why. there is no precedent for this, Mr. Senator; there Is no precedent." v Ingalls' astonishment gave way to loud laughter, and when the extra pay propost- tlon came up again for final action, he was out of his seat and it passed. ' x The Birth of Tombstone. John Hayes Hammond, the mining engl- neer, tells' the story of how Tombstone, Ariz., came into being. a Great Railroad Merrill In his ssvagest manner, said: The conductor manifested his surprise and indignation and told Mr. Merrill that he defied him and all of hi. spies and of ficials to put a finger on a place where, or name a time when he had taken a penny of the St. Paul's money. Mr. Merrill fixed his eyes upon a brilliant diamond that the conductor wore, and ad. ,.,t not nece8.ary for you to bol, over and get indignant over a little busi ness matter, Mr. Blank. It looks to me very much as if that gllstener on your shirt front Indicated that what I said Is . lh . vou hav, been laklnc funn, that you ougnt to have turned ln to the com- pany "Ixok here. Mr. Merrill," replied the con ductor, laughing, "I will admit that does look suspicious, but you must remember that the company gives me a pretty fair salary and pays me regularly. Out of that salary I have been able to save enough to buy this trinket, which you .regarded as ot vast value. I have had 1t as long as I care . it" nrt I win slve It to vou for J(jgt wh(U u cot me u a ver. ,ngen. lously constructed piece of glaas, and I psld $3 for tt. You can have It for that amount." Mr. Merrill laughed. "I guess. Blank, " Bre rlnt' , 11." he ssld. I know I am all right, Mr. Merrill." "Well, If that Is bo, you had better hurry over to your trsln. It Is nearly time for yu Pu" out-" On hi. way to th. train th. conductor -topped to talk ,0 a Jeweler. "I wish you would tell me." h. .aid. "how much thl. Jong ago It was shown that of the glrla v.iB i. wM a.vnM w.v under U year, of age of certain caj-tee, about forty In every 1,000 were mlsslnff. . - T knil..,. . Onk.lln tVA mnJI Jake, had been prospectlug for gold ln . 1 BltC. I U UCCU UIUDUOUUUIK 1W RUIU lift ... ...!,. ... vu .k. . n. . ..... " ' '"'nlcn was later to be known as Tomb stone. They had got down so deep that Jake had to dig the earth and load it in a UUUHCI. WII1LH WUUIU UIHW UI UJ ...- . L. I 1 T.- . , . . . . .... ....... I. Tl fi ? ?v. ?T Y Ed called down to Jake that he saw soma Indian. In the distance. "Then skip," called up Jake, "because hl 18 g'ng to be great gold camp, and yu can 1 save, me irom mose aeviis. cut, when It'B safe come back and put up a tombstone over my grave." Neither one had to skip and they finally struck it rich. A few years ago Mr. Ham- mond was talking to one of the Schefflln brothers and. asked to see the original papers locating the claim to the mine. Ha read It and Tombstone was spelled "Toam- "stoon." Builder trinket Is worth and how much you ara willing to give for it." "it is worth $1,200; I will give you $1,000." was the answer. "That Is a remarkablj . good guess. I P'd H.100 for It." One day Mr. Merrill was on a train when a new brakeman called out in a loud, harsh voice the name of a station. Mr. Merrill motioned to the brakeman to ap- Droach him. and the vouna fellow cam. up in a half Insolent way. "Can't you call a station without bellow ing like a mad bull?" the manager asked. "What Is it to you how I call stations, you old hayaeed? Besides, do you expect n opera singer for $30 a month?" The new brakeman turned his back on the the manager. When the conductor came along Merrill told him to "quietly train that yahoo in the manner of calling sta tions." The editor of an up-county dally asked Mr. Merrill for an annual pass. "I see no reason why I should give you P.' as the manager'a answer. "I do " ""w you ana never neara 01 your PPr. How long has It been printed? What kind of a paper Is It?" ..My paper ha, bw.n pi.lnt,a ,OIlger than you hava been trying to run this railroad, and is better known than either you or your railroad," answered the editor. "Be- sides a few years ago. when I was a mem- oer or me legislature. 1 voieo. lor all of "a legislation you ana your company called for. and tha bad taste of some of the vote. I. .till with me." Manager Merrill called for Ben Iennox. hi. private secr.t.ry. and said Give thl. gentleman an aanual for himself an wlf.. -A. J. W.trou. In Record-Her.ld. This would mean the killing of four girls In 100, a large percentage, indeed. Among the Rajputs of northern India the surplus female children were once destroyed at birth, and I am told that this still occurs now and then. In and about Benares there Is a tradition that If a girl baby be drowned In milk It may come Into the family next year as a baby boy. Such beliefs made In fanticide common in many parts of India until the British administration took hold. One authority relates that in some of the tribes of Oudh not more than one In twenty of the baby girls were allowed to live, and, many castes and tribes threw their surplus of children Into wells or tied them to trees, where their eyes were picked out by th crows. In the Upper Ganges valley tha British had to pass special laws for thf clans supposed to be addicted to child mur dor. s The police were set on theft aad thea were heavily taxed until their proportion of girls corresponded to that of tha re.it of the- country. .Even today averywhersj throughout India girls are less prised than boys, and the girl baby Is not as well oared for as her baby brother. She is not so veil fed and not aa well treated in sickness. It may be that this has caused In seme deffTM the difference in the numbers of the nlni of the two sexes. A ,uch capltal crlmes, however, are de- All 8UCJ1 capital crimes, nowever, r uo- crea8inK and in the British tate have ,jmoBt disappeared. The police have a record of every professional of the criminal - . (h. nri thir photographs and finger print records. The railway has Its own police and there ate guards about every station. There are strong Jails everywhere, and -the criminals now ln prison are about 100.000. During my stay here I visited some of tha Th... manv f hAm r.attariwl throughout British India, and not a few contain several thousand prisoners. In nearly all contract labor is done. Tha pris oners work about nine hours a day. There are three classes of labor, hard, medium and light; they are allotted according to the .... ., , .n Mh of I h. work 1. in manufacture, of various klndaj and a. far as possible in the making 0? fw government x freat dcal ot th. ciothln and tent, for the army coma from the Jallg. The criminal, print most of u,, government blanks, and they also make furtllture for the public buildings. In some jalls trades are taught. A great deal of weaving Is done and some of the finest carpet, of the world are made ln the Jail a Agra. Tha prisoners are forced to work, and should they shirk they are punished. Among the punishments are various form, of confinement, working ln chain, and whipping. There are two rewards for in dustry and good conduct, and the orderly criminal can thus cut down hi. term. There are boy. ln most of the Jails; but they ara kept ln separata wards and re ceive an education of the manual training order. There are also reformatories for both girls and boys; and ln some provinces the Jails hava special department, for girl criminals. Tha Courts of India. Indeed, law and order how mean mora In India than in any other country of Asia, with the exception, perhaps, of Japan. lnero " every wneie. aim eve, "Uve haa the right to bring suit. Tha Hindus are fond of the law. and they Pend fre''y defending their right. oomeuiwg line i.uuu.uw cm., i-a-cs aia stltuted each year. Tho officer, of the coihs number almost 9.000, and the civil Juatlces and the majority of the mag istrates are natives. There are many trials ,,y lmtlve Jurie"' and tn natlve '' W no uauauy a.v Bi auuain ui uiu umvci.i- tles. are both able and efficient. There I. a regular system of appeal courts, and In Madras, Bombay, Bengal and the united provinces there are aupreine high courts, which have the right of appeal to tho privy council in England. I have before me some recent statlatlcs which give one an Idea of the work ot tho criminal courts, and bhow how well the Brltin are keeping law and order in Hin- augtan Tne c)untry, as you know, is tnlckly populated. Its Inhabitants number ,w, jv, k... . n .1 1.... .... there we're only two in each 1,000 convicted of crimes sufficiently grave for sentences of Imprisonment. There was only one mur- oer n tach 300,000, and only one in each 600,000 received a sentence of death. In one year i this population, three times as iarge aa that of the United States, there ere less than 10,000 convictions of theft, and only 1,700 men tianaported to the penal colonies of the Andaman lalands. I submit that this record Is far better than that of nd most of the countries of Christendom. 'KANK U. CARP fciN T luH li 1 1! 1