V
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2 THE OMAHA SUNDAY KEF,; AUOUST CP, 101D. . " ,
Backwoods of India, the "No Man's Land" of the Brahmaputra River
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Yombj or the Ikher IIlmauoas Ea.cn ha Bjmeroos Bitsmnd?)
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AFGHfiNS - THE COUNTRY IS TBACtlCLY CLOSED TO FOEElGNuBs
iiiooooqoiwiiw- .I , n . onroci?g
(CoprrtfM. mo, bT Frtnk O. Crprtir.) who support hemelve on Jungle fmlU
EUHI, 1910. (.Special Corrtipond- and wild honey. Tliey are as ny as our
enre to The Iiee Few leallze Nerltor. and will run at the sig-ht of a
that we have hre In India white man.
peoples of whom the world
D
knows nothing and countries
which the foot of white man has
never trod."
These were the words of Mr. Rob
ertson, secretary of commerce and In
dustry In the viceroy's1 cabinet. We were
sitting together In his office In 'Calcutta,
nd had been chatting about th extension
of the railways, telegraphs and postofflces
of the Indian empire. The secretary con
tinued: "Take the Brahamaputra, that mighty
river which emptied Into the Ganges near
where it flows Into the Bay of Bengal. It
Is only lately that we have learned any
thing about Its source, and today there Is
a region along Its banks, of which we
know nothing. The country there Is a very
no man's land. It Is Inhabited by half
naked savages who are professional head
hunters. They use poisoned arrows, and we
pay; them tribute for letting us alone. We
have never attempted to conquer them."
Among the Andaman.
During my stay In India 1 have met
some of the British officials who have,
charge of the Andaman ; Islands. These
iHlands have long been. a penal settlement
of India. They lie in the Bay of Bengal,
skirting the cast coast. They are largely
Inhabited by aborigines who correspond to
our Negritos and live much like them.
Their homes are the forest. They mOve
about from place to place, putting up shel
ters of leaves and twigs wherever they ,
camp. They wear practically no clothing
and are not unlike the pigmies of the
Kongo. They have black skins and fjltzly
hair, which Is so shaved as to leave a cir
cular patch as big around as a tin cup on
the top of the head. The women are the
barbers and every wife dresses her hus
band's hair. Both women and men are
tattooed.
The eyebrows are usually shaved, and
sometimes the whole body Is gone over.
I am told that when the English officers
first came to the Andamans the natives
were cannibals, clad chiefly In a mud of
red earth. They worshiped a god who
was an evil spirit, spreading disease. They
believed the whole' wofld was flat, and
that their islands were It. They Uiought
balanced on top of a vepy
edge. You may travel ten miles from such u" tree: whlch ' the ,a8t W wm
surrounding and reach localities where 'oencd bV n earthquake. When that
your life Is not safe for a moment. The me" to PR8" they believe that the living
country is wild and ragged, and the land an1 d,ad wUl clMU1"e Places and that the
drops almost precipitously from an altitude ne,lB nd devils will keep shaking the tree
of two miles above the sea down to 1,000 nd tnu Pvent mankind- from going up
feet or so. The descent of the Brahmaputra bamboo ladder which connects It with
at that point Is such that, we believe thersj hcttven. v
must be a great falls there. We may have They- think also that the devil dwells In
hidden In those jungles a second Niagara tl,e and feds upon the bodies of those
or a Zambesi falls. But no one knows, who are' drowned. He has submarine boats
or, so far, no one has explored that part of and carries a net to capture all mankind
the river." who falls Into the water.
"And you say that the mighty British -
X
India's So Man's Land.
"But Just where 'is this territory?" I
asked.
"It lies near the northern borders of
Assam In the foot hills of the Himalayas.
It Is not far from the tea districts, and
there are tea factories with their electric
lights and modern machinery upon Its very 0118 world w
7
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'WHY
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nation pays tribute to theso savages? That
Is an odd policy for trie strongest of the
European poweis, is It not7"
The cabinet minister swallowed the flat
tery without wlnkinjr. He replied:
The amount of the tribute Is nothing. . "
. i. i. , - bacK uy
India's Hoot Dwellers.
Eome of the strangest of those wild peo
ple live In the tipper Himalayas. Those
mighty mountains are spotted with non
Aryan tribes, whose ancestors were thrust
our ancestors over 3,000 years ago.
7 ! 'B
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9
0k
We mv It hiuioii,, i, i. ,, . liacK oy our aniuniurn uvci i, inn su, msTCer,
nolw;;'l!.Ch.eaL,!rt,!y but who .till notUh-.nd.... Tner. vUlBKe8
Hirh up !n tne Hlmalayaa the revere people, noted fcr ttietr flrunkennefs and M only effect of the ordeal was te nak
Is the case. The Bhotiyas. some of whom nxltv of morals. They dwell In huts about them perspire profusely.
I taw during my trip tljrOugh the moun- t(!n feet h1(rh ,vith doorways so Finall that ' Another strange people of India are the
tains, practice polygamy, that I?, one one ,iag (J craw, m on a fourg Thelr kandhs, or mountaineers. They were great
woman will have several husbands. This dwellings are made of bamboo and covered the past and bloodthirsty and powerful.
Is so with the Thlbetnn and others of the wlth thatch. They are chiefly herdsmen but since they have come under the British
far north, and sometimes with the Jata of and noted (or ,he(r lonhomed buffaloes, they have abolished many strange customs "
the Punjab and the Santals of Bengal. It - whlc-li they drive about from place to place They once had human sacrifices and kid-
is mm common along me wnoie nima- to pa8ture. These people worship the rls- naped the people of the plains. The!r vic-
mseter, and worship It Their homes are Roosevelt has been huntinev In Nsw Guinea layan range from A warn to lvasmnir, ana lng Bim and the moon anJ they have other time were daintily fed until the dav of the
Thf, IREiTCU the har lobe
than to fight. Wo begun It when we took
possession of the country. At thut time
these savages were making periodical
raids upon the villages of the lowlands.
They would swoop down from the hills
and kill a few people, carrying away as
much loot as they could. They usually
got a cow or so, a few goats, a brace of
chickens and household effects worth
comparatively little. When we took pos
session we called the savage chiefs to
a conference and asked them how much
they made out of their animal raids.
They told us, and together we figured up
their stealings for the last, few years
and estimated that they netted them on
the average about 1,2a) rupees per an
num. That la a Utile more than $400. W
thereupon proposed to them that If they
would let our natives alone and keep
surrounded ' by stockades and all the men of one tribe live In such quar- also among the Todas of the Nilglil hills. Kod of various kinds. Thev. now and then saoriflce, when thev were killed In hnnne
are hill men In Assam who1 have no method guarded by thorn bushes and nettles. They ters, and their wives bring them their food. Such marriages are often a matter of sacrifice calves, with the hope that the of the earth od whom they worshiped. The
of telling distances, but measure the length come into them through sunken paths, the In Masalland the girls and young jwar- bargain and sale. If there Is a pretty girl cowg wm give more milk; and at funerals Santals worship the great mountain, and
of a Journey by the amount of betel leaf entrances being m-otected by doors. Kach rlors have a common house to themselves, in trie family and a man falls In love with
they can chew on the way. There are tribe has Its chief, and the people have a Among other tribes of the hills of Bengal, her he pays so much to her parents, and
tribes who paint their, faces like our In- blood brotherhood, like some of the African the young men's hall Is erected on a plat- possibly comes into the house aa her hu-
dlans, and many who tattoo and deflorm tribes. form, and the girls' house Is nearby. The band. After a time a second lover may ap-
themselves In various ways.' The Nagas Another of the Naga divisions Is known men sleep In berths, and in the girls' peur, arid without the first husband can
stretch the lobes of tho ear and pleice It as the Apa. These people were once notor- house there are always two or'three maid- offer a large sum to secure exclusive pos-
In such a way that It forms a ring of lous slaveholders, and .they sacrificed the ens sleeping together. Jn addition there Is session he pays his price and Joins
flesh three or four Inches In diameter, slaves which they caught In war. Another sometimes an old woman as chaperon. I the circle. I am told that it Is entirely a
they sacrifice buffaloes, believing that the Oonds, who think they are sprung from
their souls will go with the dead up to a certain peak of the Himalayas, bury1 their
dead with their feet turned northward, that
they may be ready to start home without
heaven
The Todas are allied to the Flrewalk
ers, pcoplo who claim that they can trot
over living coals without harm. 'I see an
Instance of one of their ceremonies In to-
They also split the ear so that It looks like Is the Semas. who until recently were head am told she Is often half blind and spends question of money, snd that the man who v. ,t -'ri1ll.rt inniB hv -mat
turning around.
There are also many' strange tribes in
Ceylon and on the islands off the Hindustan
coasts.
can afford it can have a wife to himself.
In such marriages the children are looked
upon as belonging to the womeYi and their
fathers can lay no claim to them.
a great lump of flesh. hunters and did not scruple to entertain but little time on her Job.
These Nagas are found In the same dls- guests and slay them when off guard. $
trlct as the savages of which Mr. Robert- $ - Women with More Than One
son speaks. They Inhabit the country east Bachelers' Halls and Maidens' band,
of tho Asa:n valley. Tliey are Mongols Apartments. Polygamy Is common throughout most
and number in all about 16,000.. The largest I ant told that the Nagas have great Parts of India. There are something like
of their tribes Is tho Angaml, who have buildings for the bachelors or young men 60,000.000 Mohammedans scattered over the
lately come under British subjection. The of the tribes. corre?Dondlnc somewhat to country, who by their religion have the
. .. .. Anriml i.aIIovo iiinr war tim ftrat niini. i' .n.prim n vw r.ninn amt alan riarht to four wives, and there are 4,uuu,i over a
Dl isrruory we woum pay mem - - - - --.-. - ..... ' .. r hnrl-l.,... who rorre-Dond to
on eartn, una say mat ir.cy sprang rrom to tne young peoples nans among tne ninooos, eacn ui wnuin ua --- . - -
the dew. They call the earth their only Masai of central Africa, where President and slave girls as he can support. the Almus of Japan. They are a hairy.
In the Mlalrl Hills.
In southern India there are many 'strange
tribes. In the Nilglrl hills, a great plateau,
mile high, not far . from Madrls,
Ilrlnvhlstsn and Afghanistan.
The whole of northern and western India
has Its backwoods. Beluchistan Is largely a
desert, with fertile valleyt, of date palms
and with camels and. caravans. Its pr.le
are mostly Arabs or of Arab ancestry.' They
are more like Persians and Turks than the
fire of wood, made a bed of live charcoal
eighteen feet In diameter. While the coals
were still red,, two prlusts, bearing flags,
Jumped barefooted Into them and walked
to and fro again and again over the fire.
As they did so the people to the number of
I .... . ., .I1..J tUm. ...... I , , .. .1 ..
them were children of all ages. The news- "'' '"' V' ""'l 1.
a slna-la one " " nr .o ..meuy
this much at a fixed time every twelve
months. They agreed to . do so and thus
far have kept their contract. They come
at the appointed season for their money,
and. notwithstanding that the value of the
property In the villages nearby has ma
terially Increased, they seem still satisfied
with their (100.
"But la not that an undignified way of
keeping the peace?" I asked.
"Tea, but In this instance it is the best.
The only other thing we could do would
be to send troops Into the territory. AVe
should have to fight all the time, and
without wo wiped out the savages it
would mean a continuous loss of money
and life. The country Is a Jungle and
paper account says that not
received Injury, not even a burn.
and that
Progressive ' Strides .and Developments in the Electrical World
Mohatrmedans,
Not unlike them are the Afghans, who,
though not a part of East India, live on
Its outskirts. There are about 10,000.000 of
them. They claim to be descended from one
of the loHtJiibos of Israel,' and their gen
ealogical trees are rooted In both Solomon
A
t-rf S.'
. , . , , T Miini mv Im nrnlM'tMl ihriiimli a sheet of alumln- fan to plav upon a cake of Ice deposited In ,,a Jvia. me Argnans nave a rich Coun-
hlch is located, a powerful gasoline engine Gray. Inn road; Mr. A. J. Morey, Medical ray la projected throug i a s heel atu wa.hp,ub. Th. a)r ch,i,ed byH blowing try. which Is said to be filled with mln-.j
drives an electric generator. The Supply association. Gray a inn roao. r u , v. - " JT "7, .T '.7 over the Ice. rapidly lowered the tempera- w.althi but a, t . . urollD8f!..rt. -re
generated In this way I. used to Arthur Slow. St. Bartholomews nospiia., "' ; lure ol tne rpom. are horsemen: an I -en h n.
ve the electric motors beneath the car. Mr. A. C. (Josser. X-ray apparatus nanu- arc '.c,r,' 31ne '! ""..r dreds of horse, down here to Delhi and .
he car Is operated with a simple con- facturer; Mr. W. Hllliar, his assistant. - ..r , , rm " other iui-Ih nf inrtia ,i, .o-
In
not
000)
Greatest "Hello" Nation.
T TUB opening of the current which
year it Is said that the Amerl- electricity
can Bell Telephohf company drt
hr.d 5.142.602 Instruments In use. T
A crr.eSDondent of the London troller handle with all the ease and con- In America Dr. Mlhran K. Kassablan of
Times asserts that at that time venlence of the common street ear. It can Philadelphia was a recent victim..
twenty Kuropcttn countries combined be stopped, slowed down, aeccterated or The majority of theso men suffer acute
more than one-half as many (2,'JS3,- reversed without starting and stopping the and Incessant pain for which there is no
were-In service. England's quotu is gasujine engine. A car of this type Is known lellef. Must of them have suffered
our men wouuj do snoi wun poisoiieu 8aid Xo ,,ave l)ee m ln msny ln,tanc,,8 capJblu of making t large number of short amputatlon and operations, and many have
pjm l( v.lll unilitu in. i o. , ,.w - r.
could kill many of us without our being
able to kill them, and the game does not
seem to be worth the candle."
' There is no better example of necessity
being ihe mother of Invention than the in
ception und development of the oscilio
'gruph, Kays the LwnUou Times. The stuuy
of alternating curient transformers and
flermany leads the world In the number
of electric furnaces used for smelting, re
fining and casting purposes.
The Northern California Power company
has recently opened their new water power
plant at Inskip, near Redding, thereby add-
roretgn telephones, like the telegraphs, are stops and still maintaining Its schedule. OBt the use of their hands. The dlseuso Is
managed by the postal authorities, and ' The new cars will carry fifty passengers a progressive one, growing steadily but re
more than one European government has and their baggage at a speed of forly miles lentlesely, so that In many canes one opera
deemed It worth while to Investigate the an hour. tlon is succeeeded by, another, and as soon
methods which are employed In the United as tho disease has been checked In one
States. Major W. A. J. U'Mears. engineer Martyrs tu Jfc-Ham. quarter It breaks out elsewhere.
In thief of the British postofflce, who The latest victim to the Influence of X- Ur Howsrd K. Ashbuiy, assistant pro-
cro.ssed tho Atluntic for tho purpose, has '' ls Mr- Harry W. Cox, wtt died the feMor of urgcry at t)le Johns Hopkins unl-
made an elaborate report on his observe- th da' ln England from X-iay derma- versUy an X-rav operator at the Hebrew
tlons. llo has much to say about the t",s- contracted during researches and In- unlveuy and Joseph s hospitals for
simplicity of the administrative methods of vestlgalloiia in the science, of which he was g.jf.prmectio,,, whle operating the ap-
the Bell company, the wonderful technical pioneer. It Is fuuiteen or fifteen ears, 1-,,, .tands behind a wooden scieen
advances which it has promoted and the lales ,l,e Boston Transcript, since Mr. Cox ,led v,tl) ,ea(, al)J containiK a ead
inherent superiority of the telephone over touk uu X-iay research, und It was early wnloW- Th(M BlaJ, u,ne perfectly trans-
thc telegraph for long distance communl- 1,1 "' Investigations that he contracted tho parent ,8 composed of 50 per cent of lead,
cation in the saving of time. To these ad- ul,a8e- Nevertheless lie lontinued his work ,nd , ,ml)ervlous Xli tle nootgen lays. At
vintages, comments the New York Tribune, Tnaklii great improvements In apparatus h( offlce on Cathe0rai B..eli Baltimore.
Is unquestionably due In a largo measuie ntl tuklng out nearly elglity patents, uu- Dp Asuury pclates his X-ray apparatus
the wonderful expansion of the telephone 111 evtn years tho Prt,les" ot '' d'" from a room adlolnlng the one In which the
business In this country.- Perhaps, also. 6UJ! cumpulled him to retire from active skiagraph Is taken, or the patient treated,
something may be attributed to the lively work. A sum of VLOOJ was gianted hli.i by when anked wliv lead ls used as shield In
muiiiii.1, - ....... . . Ili tti-ltUti Iriamirv nml mil u nil tIsm.I . . .. ......
Mi cuMtoma whicU differ "l'Pcisiiuii ui innr privileges Dy Amerl- prererenre to otner metais. ir. ASDtiry sam
one finds people ana customs wuitn a.ner , t,.,,,.., ... i,.Hif. Nothlnir. h..w- . L .. .
m. ----- u.m iiiciui was one ui in lew muigs inui
over, could check the progress of the Uls- ara rettIy me,vious to tne actinic rays.
Uaaollne.Klrrtrle Cars. ease. Mr. Cox repeatedly umleraent opera- u ,s I11)t ,he ray whu.n . directed upon the
Some of the more congested districts tions In the throat, left hand and right Silent under treatment or the substance
along the Southern railway will be relieved aim,' which was finally amputated. . ln to ,e photographed that Is harmful, said
by gasoline-electric cars which will be op- fait, he lived under sentence of death for tt,o tpeclalist. The ray Is most helpful, and
crated In place of the old steam trains, over ten "years, knowing that medical U8td larKely In the treatment or certain
During the month the steam passenger science could hold out no hope of his re- diseases. It is projected Cy the apparatus
service lu the Greenville territory will be coveiy. ...... from the Crookea tube dlrectl? upon the
replaced with tegular gas-electrlo motor The list of British martyrs alone is a substance to be photographed, when a skla
car service. . sufficiently long one. It Includes Dr. Hall graph Is desired, and duej not teach tho
Koine time ago the Southern Railway com- Edwards," Birmingham; Dr. Cecil It. Cha- operator ut ail. Contained within the curi
pany experimented with the new gas- worth Lyster, IxHidon: Mr. Arthur (Stanley ouly shaped glass tube, or more properly
electric car produced by the General Elec- Green, LIikoIii; Dr. David Morgan, Liver- speaking glass bulb, are what are known
tile company and this experiment has pool. Dr. Thurston Holland, Liverpool; Dr. as "secondary" rays, and these are the
proven so successful that a number of ths Hugh WaUham, Indou, Dr. E. 8. Worrall. dangerous ones. These do not reach the
cars will be ordered for short Hue service. Dundnn; Mr. E. Harnavk, London hospital; patient In any appreciable degree, but
The gas-electrlo car Is virtually a power Mr. Reginald Blackhali, London hospital; often, to make doubly sure that these
slatlon and an electric car in one. with a Mr. Kroest WIIwmi, Indun hospital; Mr. harmful rays are not directed upon the per
space set aalJc for baggage. In ths front f. W, Head, Medical gupp'y association, sou to be treated or photogi aphed, the X-
arcs reiuJerea imperative noine method of Iiir 8,000 horsepower to their llne.
visualizing the shape of the current wave Kew people realize that tlie gnsoline en-
for the cxaiiili.ation of Its form under vary- fine would be impossible
lng conditions. Joubcri In France put for
The Baeknoods ot India.
This talk gives one a peep into the
backwoods ot India. This peninsula ls a
world In itself. Hindustan has more na
tions than ths continent of Europe, and
more races than you will find pn the
hemisphere of the Americas. Every locality
has Its own tribes and peculiar castes, and
hers and there are peoples of whom ,our
world knows nothing. Men . like those
described by Secretary Robertson are scat
tered through the forests of the different
sections of India. There are queer col
lections of Mongols on the borders of
Tibet, strange forest dwellers on the
Nilglrl hills, and aborigines on the various
islands, and In Kashmir and Beluchlstan
as much as Uiose ot tne cskiuios aim uu
Anglo-Saxons.
There Is one great class here known as
jungle people. They live In the woods
and are about as savage as the iiHtlves ot
the Kongo. They bcllevo In witohes and
witch doctors and make bloody sacrifices.
Wild dances sre a part of their worship.
These people are generally known as Anl
mists and they number ,OUO,0iiO or J.OuO.OOO.
They live In all sorts of ways, feeding
largely on wild herbs and fru!ti. and dwell
ing In caves or temporary shacks which
they leave when they seek a new location.
In the eastern Himalayas are the Nagas,
the deseendents of the anclout snake wor
shipers! Tliey are head hunters and now
and then raid the lowlands.
lu southern India are the Ysnadls, who
hve round hula mads of brushwood and
ward In 1SM whut ia known now us the
point by point" method, but In America
he as probably anticipated, . by a very
short time, by Morton and Thomas. Tno
development of tins mttnod haM led, step
by step, to the beautiful instruments oi
Hospitaller and Kranke to mention only
two. The amount of ingenuity und in
ventive power exerted ls ns remarkable as
can be found, prooubiy. to have been ex
pended on any other plcco of apparatus.
ln lf91 and ISSa Blondel in France sug
gested no fewer than three different types
of instruments, two of which were consid
erably developed; of these one, the blfilar
type, has been perfected In England by
Duddell, lu Germany by Bieniens und Hal
ske. and in America by the General Electric
company. This Instrument which, in pilu
clplt. Is a moving coll galvanometer where
the coil Is replaced by a loop supported al
Us closed end is a typical "continuous ' in
strument, to be contrasted wiiu the "point
to point" instruments, by which suix'es
slve readings are taken and plotted' as a
curve either by an observer or by auto
matic mean. The former finds the more
favor on account of Its capability of show
ink' and recording transient electric phe
nomena, while, the Utler. van record only
single points on curves separated from tac.i
other by many scores or hundreds of Inter-'
mediate ones, thus finally showing a more
or (ess average curve, which may suffice
in many cases. ....... ,
t arrest Ni)l.
A government official ut Washington
iuoled Ills office by, allowing an electric
without elec
tricity. It Is the tiny electric spark which
at the proper moment releases the hidden
powers ot the gasoline vapor.
Afghanistan has a half dozen or mors
good sized cities, arid some of them are
g-eut trading centers. It has two capitals
Kabul, in the east, and Herat, in the weM..
It Is ruled by the amir, who lives at Kabul,
and who holds close relations to the govern
ment of India. He gels something like
$700,000 per year In the way of subsidies from
the British, and his treaties with them pro
vide that he shall have no relation with
The hlah power electric searchlights with any other power except the empire of
which vessels are equipped uu the Great Indlu.
akes prove most useful In tne early spring ,u caiculta i visited the foreian offl.-e
nights when the water Is covered with a
partially brokn Icefield. By means of the Bm ,u,",u '"' In or mat u-
hl lit. openings are located, tnus often reau was devoted to Afghanistan, 1'or la
satng mr.ny hours of delay. j and the other countries which verge upon
Chicago's new city hall will be one of Indlu.
aeasreleric T luJd !'"' Afh?'",n
contain K.OOO Incandescent lights, I.ViO closed lo foreigners as far as trade Is con-
horsepower ln motoss, 00" telephone outlets, cerned, and that ll ls not safe to travel
'.Ol floor boxes, 14 electric elevators, a
complete electric vacuum cleaning system
with about twenty-five outlets on each
floor. 100 electric clocks and eighteen
private branch exchange telephone board.
In the United Stales ther are n.).--
telephones In ure. representing about V0,
0i00 capital, or about SHW for every tele
phone. There is In this country tfl 27
through It without a perl a I penult from
the amir.
There arc no railroads. The only high
ways are trails for hcrses and camels,
although uagou road are now being
niailo from tho chief towns lo the Russian.
1'erslun and Indian frontiers. Railroads
miles of electric rallwavs uttg i '.'K cirs aie talked of, und in time they may come.
nml capitalized HI U.l'.i OCIOO). Ther nw
8.010 central stHtions cost Ins II. -Ol Onn OoJi
earning- $'ii0.00fKJO and developing .'.'on.lOi
horsepower. In all about S'l im 'KiO fM Is
Invested In' the electrical business in the fiontier.
I'nlted States.
Qnrrr dtterlra.
must a man be
How tall must a man be to be above
suspicion?
What Is the beat fertilizer to use in rais
ing objections?
What kind of knife Is used lo carve out
one's destiny?
t'an you tHe n man's has;i ."or him If
he Is a vegetarian?
What sort of a pin is used to pin one's
fslih to anything?
May It be said of a colored lassie that
she Is born to blush unseen?
Can millionaires be put down among the
popular airs of Ihe day?
If marriages were made In heaven would
a lot of old maids commit suicide? bos t"n
Tran svripu
ihe railways from Delhi, where this letter
Is written, extend northward throush La
here to Peshawar, nut far from the Afahau
There Is aldo a load whlrli goes
liirougli a pass in the mountains lo
Vm-tia, lu Helu. Iilstan. and another which
has been tunneled under the, Kliojak pass
to the Afghan border.
North of .Afghanistan the Russians have
been building railroads, and tliey have Jun
crossed the border. 1 1 would take leas
than .70 miles of new line to connect thes
Russian roadu with the Indian system, sad
tints make a through route from Paris f
lo Bombay and Calcutta. Tliete Is no pros.-y
pect now of such connection, but it wlll
come In time, as will also, In all possi
bility, a through trunk Hue from here lo
Constantinople.
i'RA.NK G. CAKPENTKJl
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