THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEK: KKBRUAKX 1.1. 1910.
Omaha History as Told by the
(Continued from
formeily been known aft Crelgbton hall. The Eden Museo burned
In 1892, but tho enterprising management Immediately moved Into
the Grand and opened again in March of the tame year.
The new Boyd thsater, which has for twenty years held Its posi
tion with the theatergoing pcopla of Omaha, was opened on Septem
ber 3, 1891. The theater waa erected by Governor J. E. Boyd and yet
remains the property of his family. Tb Boyd was opened by A. M.
Palmer's company In "Alabama." Th first night was a brilliant
one. The society folk of eastern Nebraska were there In all of their
finery and It was an occasion of much speech-making and felicitation.
The stars who appeared on the stage of earlier Omaha hare con
tributed much to the gaiety of history, mostly unwritten. John Dil
lon, the comedian, was once billed to appear In an Important attrac
tion at the Academy of Music. The house was packed and, a half
hour late, Mr. Dillon could not be found. At last a searching party
discovered him. In a state more glorious than elegant he was amus
ing a crowd of roisters at a vaudeville lesort in the gay and unre
stricted district of the city. The efforts of a delegation of prominent
citizens sent to Induce Dillon to return and put on bis show, where a
charity andthe ocuRABLE
Shall the Physically Unfit Be Left
to Diet
NEWEST PHASE OF OLD QUESTION
tn York Physicians and Other Dls
' roan Theory Adraarrd ay Prof.
Porter of Harvard What
Case Is Hopeless f
NEW VORK. Feb. 12.-Dr. William Town
send Porter, for seventeen years pro
fessor of philosophy at Harvard, has raised
something- of a storm In th way of a dis
cussion by his recent Sunday leetur be
fore the Harvard medical school. In which
he advanced the theory that human beings
physically unfit to live should be allowed
to go I he way of nature In order that tho
tharity funds of the sitts should bs sm
played for purposes out of which better
value might be got than If used In sup
porting such persons.
Dr. Porter's theory Is different from the
theories previously advanced by others,
who hold that tho hopeless sufferer should
be mercifully put out of the way. Dr.
I'oi ler enunciates tho belief that In saving
I he money usually expended on the In
curables It could bs' used to far greater
advantsgo by the slate on the children, or
hopefuls, as he calls them. In this lecture
Dr. Porter said:
The most pressing problem Is What we
shall make of the present conditions. Tho
first main problem we have to discover Is
In regard to tho relieving of distress. It Is
evident that there In not enough money to
go around. And It Is equally desirable to
spend money on a thing from which we
get the most value.
We have in the neighborhood of all large
cities hospitals for the treatment of con
sumption, if we knew In 1RS8 what we do
uow In regard to th cure of that disease
regiments of man would be walking tha
streets who are now dead. In such hos
pitals they will nut take patients already
In advanced stages of tho disease, for If
tbey did It would Jeopardise th lives of
those already ther and defeat th purpose
of the Institution. In other words, to save
fc.OOO people 33,060 and more have to be re
jected. It may seem cruel, but it illustrates that
we must c-jvcentr our relief on the most
hopeful side of our population and allow
the rest to fro the way of nature.
th children In a town are th most
hopeful. That Is why the relation of the
growth of children to disease Is an Im
portant subject of human life. It is Im
portant that tho educated children be
saved. They must be kept alive as long 'as
possible. It Is a question whether, bio
logically, the lives of these Infants who
are marked at birth for death are worth
prolonging only to have them succumb
to the next crop of diseases the Infectious
diseases of children.
The whole question Is on of economy.
Here Is a child kept alive only to fall a
victim later on. It is a mistaken Idee, to
believe that everything depends on etiarfty
for the old and not on prevention for the
Voting. Charity means that those who re
ceive it give up hope. Charity Is the grav
l psychological factor In the Ufa of the
pour. II is an official stigma.
Instead of organisations for charity thoi
should be a oitlsens' union for preventing
charity. When a person gets to that point
where he Is physically unfit to live the
most economical thing for a community
Is not to give him relief.
When attention was called to the pro-
feasor's statements concerning charity l.e
modified and explained them by saying:
What I said and meant to infer is that
charity as at present administered is a
mistake and not that charity in itself Is
wrong. Charitable organisations are In
themselves helpful, but they must be sup
plemented by more scientific methods of
Ulsirlbutlon if they ar to successfully
cope wlih the problem of relief as it exists
loony.
The hopelessly Incurable cases should be
left to private charity and the hopeful ones
should have the aid of the public funds.
We should therefore spend tha nubile
money where It will work to best advan
tage on those who can bs saved and trust
l piiv&t charity the hopeless. We have
but llttie money available for such pur
poses aa tt Is.
I fix no age limit on the time for duter
mlntng whether a case Is hopeless or net.
Different cases vary. But 1 shall ooi.olud
with the opinion that what Hull nion. y
We have should be devoted to the chil
dren, for In their welfare lies 'he r'llef
hopo of the state.
Much a theory as this naturally pro
voked a discussion. While it Is not exactly
like the theory that Dr. Osier gave expres
sion to some years ago It is sufficient to
make the sick man sit up and wonder if
he is In the class pronounced unfit to live
or still In th hopeful class. Here are some
comments on Prof. Porter' lecture.
Dr. Kdward T. Pevlne, profi ssor of so-
Iowa Winner of Rhodes Scholarship
HAT William A. Zleglcr Is the
bt't all mound tmin to ever
revolve the Ilhodes scholarship
front Iowa Is shown by his
record. His activities have been
nii captain of the l.tot) football
T
,...u ui Iowa City, president of his class,
rtudenl representative of the athletic board
of control, vice president and chairman of
the roiiHiltuttonal committee of the glee
(lull, tavkle on the foot ball teams of '07,
'OS and '09, center on the chumplonshlp
target - ball teams of 'OS and '09 and a
...uuiucr of the track teams for the last
t -via years. He lias been active In Young
.Vii' Christian association and literary
work.
.ZU'gler is only 20 years old. He received
his preliminary training In the Uoldfield.
la., sellouts and the Orliuiell academy. Ha
has the reputation of being democratic and
a thuiuughly "good fellow" among th
students.
"I expect to leave for Kngland In Oc
tober, 1910," said Mr. Ziegler after hearing
th announcement that he had won th
decision last week. "I certainly appreciate
th honor conferred upon me by th college
prvvldi-nts and will do my best to uphold
the standard set by Wallcer of Orinnell,
Van der Zee vf Iowa, Woodrow of Drake
and other students who have mm from
this stat to Oxford."
Three Orinnell studculs passed th ex
Page One.)
Lady Henry Somerset and
ONDON. Feb. 1 Not long ago
LI an American woman passing
I - through a London street saw
s numoer 01 respeciatiiy
dressed, quiet looking wosnen
hterlna; a saloon.
"Ar they going to hold an anil-liquor
crusade meeting there?" she asked her
companion, and was more than surprised
to learn that they were merely going for
their afternoon drink.
Iter experience Is that of many of hr
countrywomen. The sight of elderly ma
trons and slim young girls standing at a
bar with men and ordering drinks freely
has always surprised visitor from the
Vnlted States.
t'ntit recently thess feminine tipplers
were often accompanied by boys and girl
and even babies, but tha children's 'bill
which was passed several months ago had
made It unlawful to allow anv child under
14 to enter a drinking resort. Now the
mother leaves her children In the charge
of a neighbor while she takes her "pen
n'orth or "ha'penn'orth o' gin."
In view of this practice of public drink
ing among women of the poorer classes
the statement that there are more Inebriate
women In England than in any other coun
try In the world should not cause surprise.
Many men and women in England have
sought to correct this evil and various in
stitutions have been started" and homes or
ganised to aid the victims of the drink
habit. The enterprise which Is said to have
had greatest success was started by a
woman Lady Henry Somerest.
Fifteen years ago Lady Henry became
Interested in the work Pastor Von Bodel
schwtng carried on among the epileptics of
Germany under the colony system and she
believed that similar . treatment might bs
applied to inebriate women. Through her
efforts a colony was established at Dux
hurst, about two hours from London. She
believes that the results fully justify the
enterprise.
Dux-hurst is beautifully situated, for Lady
Henry believes In the value of beautiful
surroundings. Hills stretched as far as the
eye can reach and flowers riot in their pro-
clal economy at Columbia University, said:
"Charity never will die out. There Is
scarcely a neighborhood in this city but
what has need of charity, and the incura
ble cases have no one to look to for aid
but the state.
"Indeed, laying bare facts aa I know
them, I am disposed to turn Dr. Porter's
theory completely around. The Incura
bles should look' to state charity and the
hopefuls to private aid.
"Private chat'lty, I , find, is not inclined
to seek about for the hopeless cases; it
wants those in whom there is greater pos
sibility of cure. It does not want the old,
the decrepit or the Incurable; this might
be money contributed to no avail.
"To whom then must the deserted in
curable look for aid? Why the state, of
course. There is no other resort left him.
And the state comes promptly to his aid,
whereas If there were not such charity
to relieve or isolate, such as the case may
require, ha possibly would go the way Dr.
Porter prescribes, and very quickly if lie
must depend upon private charity.
"Dr. Porter leaves out the question of
control. Many incurables, such as the In
sane and others, must have control ex
ercised over them.
"And then, nowadays, charity is directed
in channels toward those things which
make people fit to live. We make special
efforts toward good housing, playgrounds
for children and removal from bad en
vironment. "And there Ii money enough to go
around. We could have more' public funds
if taxes were put upon a few more things
amenable to taxation, such as on big cor
porations and the like; but as It is we ran
do very well. But when It comes to dis
pensing private charity rest assured It will
not be the unfortunate cripple, the con
sumptive or so-culled unfit who will bo
favored; certainly no, for It will concen
trate Itself upon the hopeful things, because
those are the ones that appeal to private
charily. Dr. Porter may mean all right,
but liia theory put Into practice won't
wotk; .lot in our times."
aminations In October for the scholarship,
but In a test vote of the student body at
Urliiuell Zieglrr easily won the choice so
that the Judges considered only one of tho
Grinned! candidates. John Huff of tha
University of Iowa and J. O. II. Larson of
Luther culleg wei Ui Uir oonltwtauU.
WILLIAM A y.IEULER,
Cirlnnell, la.
$2,000 house waited for him, were unavailing. He stayed with his
new found friends and the audience at the Academy of Music was
aent home.
One rather unpleasant night In 1871 John Stetens appeared or,
the state at this house to present one of bis alnre famous plays.
There was one man in the audience. Stevens was equal to the occa
sion. "On account of the Illness of the leading lady," he announced
wjth a courtly bow to his lonesome audience, "the play cannot be
given tonight. I take pleasure in doing what no other actor has
been able to do In the stage history of the country. The audience
It invited out to take a drink with the leading man."
The audience rose unanimously and accepted the proffer. It Is
whispered that they had quite a time. John Stevens, then the actor
manager, left Omaha not long after and gained fortune and fame by
bis "Unknown." While In Omaha Stevens and Isaac Walton Miner,
who still smilingly remembers those old dnys, roomed together at
the Academy of Music.
"We have had some great actors in Omaha, even back that
early," remarked Mr. Miner. "It was at the old Boyd theater that
we bad a most remarkable social session of the Elks lo-lge, which
then occupied quarters above the theater. The "Bostonlans" were
appearing at the theater that night. We Invited the members of the
c'
x .
v",'--.K.
1
J)ri-'WarTi",
LADY HENRY SOMERSET WITH
fusion. All the village homes are designed
artistically and at the same time prac
tically. Thatched roofs and latticed win
dows give an old world look and tho rooms
are made attractive wlih snowy linen and
gleaming old brass, well made furniture In
quaint forms, pretty curtains and good
pictures.
Every one works at Duxhurst. The little
houses are kept in Immaculate condition
by their Inmates. The cooking, laundry
work, gardening and farming are all done
Dr. Edward C. Spitzka, specialist In ner
vous and medical cases, of 66 East Seventy
third street, looked upon the question with
a bit of 'scepticism.
"Well, what is Dr. Porter saying?" he
asked. He was told. "Oh, he Is, is he? I
don't know about that. I suppose any of
these theories are all right until you put
hem Into practice. Then what?'.' And the
doctor pondered.
"But let us ask a slmllkr question," he
continued. Who is Incurable? AVe have
unexpected recoveries under conditions
which are typically and usually fatal, and
these very cases ow their recovery to
proper hospital treatment.
"I myself am in favor of devoting a
larger amount of money to hospitals for
the purpose of receiving acute and fresh
cases and those of emergency, for those
require tho best instruments, diet and
nursing available, which, will be wasted on
a large number of chronic and Incurable.
Those cases resolve themselves into a mere
question of humane feeding and nursing',
but to neglect them altogether and leave
t.hem to the random and uncertain mercy
of voluntary organizations would be a
stop backward to barbarism.
"It would leave those with contagious
Unrecognized
ATM SAIOMON. the Jew
broker whose money made
possible the success of the
American revolution, wss a
natlvo of Poland, the land of
Pulaski and Kosciusko, the
H
brave fellows who unsheathed their swords
for human liberty.
Salomon was born at Lissa In 1710, of
Portuguese descent. Ills family woe
highly respectable and learned peoplo.
After vjstting many countries and acqulr
Ing various languages, Salomon came to
Amerlca. probably soon after the partition
of Poland in 1772.
In 1779 lit) wait taken prisoner In Now
lie had madi) himself obnoxloux to the
British, He waa confined in tho prison
known aa the "Prevost." -vhlch stood on
tho spot now occupied by the old Hall of
Records In the City Hall park. In this
loathsome don he suffered Inhuman treat
ment. He was liberated through the In
fluence of a Hessian commander, named
1 leister, and made his way to Philadel
phia, and there man led Rachel Frank,
sister of the distinguished Colonel Jacob
Frank, of tho Revolutionary war.
Ho became an uncompromising foe to
British dominion. He was engaged In
banking and money lending. Several Euro-
pean financial houses did their business
through him. Th hand of Salomon was
beneath every pecuniary help this country
received from abroad. He was entrusted
With the negotiation of all the war sub-
Sidles of France and Holland, "on his own
personal seourlty," which wr disposed to
th resident merchants la America, with-
out any loss, at a credit of two end thre
months, for which he received only of
1 per cent.
When Count de la Lusrn became am-
bassador for France. Salomon was made
banker for that government. He was ap-
pointed by Monsieur Roiiiebrum, treasurer
uf the forces of Fiance In. America, and
made paymaster general, which office lie
llled fre of charge.
York bv the Rrltlsh irenrrul Kif Iliniv 11 ouguc not to uo iurgoiteii mat, ui ... '--i'"-'-'
CHnton 01 Tchargep Tth.7 he ,had fee Iv d though he endorsed a great portion of the J-ed Spaiks. th historian. declared , 1S64 th. committee of revolutionary
ort. from Washington , 1 IH bll1 exchange for the amount of loans "the person who did loan the cash to a cUlBM( of th, Uhlt. 8UfM ,.n.te r,purtcd
ator and subsidies our government obtained In ZZ Z " V"" Wn
.mnt Europe, of which he negotiated the entile Pectatlmi of evci getting re- Down-to-dat not a penny has been re-
' . ' sums, and the calculation of which duty P'1." Fu'""' 'r ",H" ,vn lr"fr' paid to the heirs and to their honor, it
But Salomon go Into trouble earlier than R,.e.U deal of his valuable time ' n. Duane. Heed Mercer. Arthur. mu(it b. tnat H d ,)ot ,,k for
this for his patriotism. As i-irlv as 17,:. ' " ... .. . Harrison, Mifflin, rtlttenhouse. Han- mnt,,r. w that ,i, i
Theaters
company up after the play. Henry Clay Barnaby begged off, said he
had to go right over to the botel to Mrs. Barnaby after the play, lie
at la-st consented that he would come up and stay long enough to get
E. L. Studley, the musical leader of the show, to warm up and play
a bit.
"It was a fine night and Barnaby was, as I very distinctly re
member, the very last man to leave that morning at 4 o'clock. No,
I don't know what happened at the hotel afterward.
"The whimsicalities of the actor folk of those days are well Il
lustrated by a stunt performed by Edwin Arden, who played at the
Academy of Music. One day he went up to Fort Omaha and got ac
quainted with the officers of the garrison. He Invited the whole
crowd down to see him play. That night they came in about sixty
strong on his written pass and sat in a body in the center of the
house. That waa Arden, all sudden enthusiasm."
Frances Wilson, whose dancing made him famous, came to
Omaha in 1871 as a member of the Salisbury Troubadour. HI
work at that time gave an Intimation of what he was going to be
come. Tbe Redick theater was the scene cf the Inst of the Pattee lot
teries In Omaha. The lottery was the last expiring flare of the un
restrained wild west In Omaha. Its end was fittingly In keeping
with the spirit of the day that It represented.
What She Has
f
4 ' ,
: :
'
I :, -" - " ")
e .,w..- r
THE CHILDREN OF INEBRIATE., CRUEL OR NEGLECTFUL PARENTS.
Ay the women.
Lady Henry's pet theory Is the helpful
ness of outdoor work In cases of Inebriety,
so after a patient, fresh from London, has
spent a few days in the village hospital, she
is put at work In the garden, where she
will Ret plenty of sunshine and the fresh
breezes from the hills. Sometimes her
efforts are rather disastrous to the flower
beds, but she is never told so. The mis
chief Is repaired and she is urged to con
tinue. diseases in the midst of the community as
centers of infection. This plan is carried
out to some extent in the insane asylums
of Kurope. The patients are transferred
from the hospitals for reception to the
chronic hospitals as soon as they become
chronic.
"The suggestion regarding systematic
registration of caseB Is a very good one.
It would permit the Just and better dis
tribution of the funds according to the
merits of the case than the present one,
where organizations independent of each
other may happen to strike the same
case and give it a double treatment.
"The one making the suggestion, how
ever, is inconsistent In separating the hope
ful and hopeless cases by entrusting the
management of the former to the authori
ties and the latter to voluntary charitable
societies. There would be no end of con
fusion." Then Dr. Spitzka recalled 'how the
Spartan parents of old carried their phy
sically Imperfect children 'to the brink of
a precipice and threw them over in order
that the Spartan race should be a perfect
one.
"That was an old way of prevention
among hopefuls," smiled Dr. Spitzka.
Financier of
He had confidential relations with all the
foreign representatives at one time or un-
othor. His Catholic majesty of Spain was
under heavy obligations to Haym Salomon,
the Jew. Salomon, out of his own private
nurse, maintained tills ambassador for
years. His name was Don Francesco Ken- pay ror in ensuing year to jours, jibh- government wun me means or aeirayuig
don. Writing to the Hpanlsh governor of dolph and Madison as members of the thtilr ordinary expenses of tha men, among
Cuba, Rendon sas: "Mr. S. has advanced revolutionary congress. It was In writing others, already named.
money for ills most Catholic majesty's allotted that Madison should get fifty A committee of the United States con
agent here, and without It I would not pounds leys than the other two. but Salo- gress In 1860, to whom was referred a res
have been able to render that protection nion, seeing In Madison, then only 29 years olutlon to reimburse the heirs of Haym
"nd assistance to Ills majesty's suojocts
which his majesty enjoins and my duty
requires." More tliun $10,000 was thus ad-
viinced which was never paid.
It ouclit not to bo forgotten that, al-
charged a fractional percentage to the
United States, allhoiiglt Individuals were
willing to pay him. And it Is known he
never caused the loss to the government of
one cent of those many millions of his ne-
gotlations. either by hi own mismanage-
ment or from tho credit lie gave to others
on the sales he mado of those Immense
sums of foreign draft on account of the
United States.
Immedlately after th peace of 17W, when
forelan cnmmei re rnuld aua.in float unmo-
leMed on tile oceani tiuloimm eng.isad as
a lnv,.; merchant to European ports. He
aeveral ships upon the nea, but through
runul.e r merchant In whom he placed
cof(jelK.e ie suffered great losses.
He wag ,ways eager to help his fellow
ji ave ,Very assistance to those
wu) commenced trading after the war.
Xo lh8 pre.d,,nt -of the National bank,
whose partner was th superintendent of
finance, he gave two loans of $40,0u0 and
iooo, and never received a penny of in-
threat. This firm was known as Willing,
Morris 4 ewaneck. It U doubtful If he got
any of his money back at all.
In Madison'a letter to Virginia In 17SI ho
writes: "My wants are so urgent that It
Is Impossible to supress them. The case of
my brethren is equally alarming." and
later on lie declares that "the kindness of
our friend In Front atrwet (Mr. Halomon)
of the City Past and Present
Done to Uplift Inebriates
. V
After weeks of tills outdoor life have
done their work she can take up whatever
labor she prefers. She can help In th
laundry or the kitchen, she can learn sew
ing, she 'can make butter or attend to th
chickens. In whatever direction her capacity
lies It is developed andencou raged.
In each house are installed eight or ten
women. They have separate rooms and ar
overlooked by a sister, who Is a capable
woman,- chosen by Lady Henry. Ttrese
sisters, do not belong to any religious
Said Dr. Lederle, commissioner of health,
"I don't know that I can speak on that
subject. That's rather startling theory,
isn't it? And then, you see, we haven't so
much to do with charity up here in th
health department as others hav.
"In matters of health we have to keep
neighborhoods clear of contagion and In
so doing we are Just as apt to go after the
rich man In his fine house and take him
out of It and put him in some place as
signed by the Board of Health, as the sick
poor man down on the East Side. Of
course, the rich man doesn't thank us, but
the poor fellow Is generally glad for the
medical treatment and nursing he receives.
"But there is one thing," smiled the com
missioner, "we treat them all alike. W
don't discriminate as to who is hopeful
and who is Incurable. We Just try to get
them well as soon as possible. But Dr.
Porter's great big question of who shall
ba let live and who shall not, well," con
cluded the commissioner with a doubtful
shake of his head, "please pass me up on
that. I leave It to other philosophers."
The following statistics of the expendi
tures of tho stale of New York for public
charity may be of interest in connection
with tills subject. They are for the fiscal
the American Revolution
is a fund that will preserve me from ex-
tremities, but I never resort to It without
great mortification, as h obstinately re-
Joots all recompense. To necessitous dele-
gates lie gratuitously spares from his prl-
vato stock. Called on to advance the entire
i sri-m uumm. iui ninvn
afterward distinguished, presented him
from Ms own private pulse the fifty pounds
and tho equalized pay or tne wnoio oeiega-
dolph and others.
Sated the Constitutional t'nnreatlan
Henry Wheuten says that Judge Wilson
so distinguished for his labors on th con-
ventlon that framed lh federal constttu-
tlon. would have retired from public serv-
aid of Haym Salomon, aid administered as
lc had lie not been sustained by the timely
delicately as It was generously.
It true that other men subscribed to
mak up army supplies III 1780, but Madl-
son's Journal shows that they had a con-
tlngent s-c'urlty of the best sterling ex-
change to the amount of 150.000 In excess
of their subscription.
A document presented to a commutes of
congiess, from the Bank o? North
America, the first and only one chartered
by the revolutionary congress, shows that
the accounta of forty other principal mer-
chants were' not as Urge in th sggregat
as that alone of Salomon's. His balanc
reached as high a $50,000 and th amount
charged by the bank to his account as
paid to Kobart Morris, was $200,000, while
Morris' own account during th sam
period showed a deposit of less thsn $10,-
000 and which was received on th vry
dayeom Haym Salomon that it was
charged too him.
As appeared from documentary evidence
afterward admitted to congress h ad-
One of the figures of tho city at that time was Jack Morrow,
known by tho joyous title of tho "Iron Man of tho Plains." He and
Pattee had been on pleasant terms in their association here and the
lottery man was a familiar personage about Morrow's saloon. A
complaint that Pattee's game was not Just what It ought to bo reached
Morrow one memorable day. The redoubtable Morrow put on a
brace of the crude but efficient six-shooters of the type In vogue then
and went to the next drawing.
"If the game s on the square I'll protert It." he announced, tak
ing, a seat by the lottery wheel. "If It ain't there'll be a few funerals
in Omaha."
He watched the game through and saw nothing to cause his dis
pleasure. Mr. Pattee left Omaha very soon after and tradition says
he bad something like half a million dollars with hiia when he went
to New York. This same Mr. Pattee one raffled eft the Recllek
theater. After the drawing was over he still had tbe house, which
he leased to the city for n council chamber and office building.
Before the present season ends Omaha will have two more
theaters, the Brandels and the Morris. Of the now existing houses
the Boyd Is the oldest. Tbe Trocadero. now tbe Krug. was erected
in 1895, and came under the present management in 1903. The
Crelghton theater was erected In 1894 and became the Orpheum in
1898. The Gaiety was erected as the Burwood In 1!05.
order, they are simply known by the pa
tients as Sister Annie, Plater Mary. tc.
Pome of them ar ladies who are glad to
do this work, some of them are paid, and
all ar intelligent, public spirited and tm t
f ill n dealing with th cases assigned to
them. Lady Henry is alro known a "sUter"
and wears th gray dresses and snowy'
enp of the assistants. '
No women patient knows anything (
any other patient' life story, so that all
start on an equal basin. Com have been
convicted of crime, and under th first
offenders' act have been sent to th colony
by the government In the hope that the
cause of their misdeeds, drunkeness. may
be cured. Others have come voluntarily
at the request of their husbands or parents.
it la the sister's duty to win the con
fidence of all. h is there to help them
mentally, not physically. A woman doctor
and two trained nurses attend to the latter
part of the work.
Women over 50 are not eligible for the
village and no patient ran stay ther mora
than three years. Any one may go at any
time. Doors and gates are wide open, but
In the last five years only on woman has
voluntarily left the colony before her time
wss up.
Since the foundation of the colony 1.300
women have been treated. Of those dis
missed a large proportion have been per
manently benefited. Some have returned
several times. A number have succumbed
to their vice and died or gone insane.
In one corner of the village is a par
ticularly charming cottage slightly larger
than the others, which Is known as th
"Nest." Here are to be found the daugh
ters of Inebriate, cruel or neglectful par
ents, whom the Society for the Prevention
of Cruelty to Children has sent down to
Lady Henry's colony to b cared for and
educated.
About twenty-four llttie girls are in the
"Nest" at present. They range in age
from 14 down to babies. Ail can stay in
the colony till they are 13. They are edu
cated to take their places In the working
world, and an effort Is made to get good
homes for them when they leave Dux
hurst. '
year ended September, 1908, the report for
1900 not yet being completed by the State
Board of Charities. Public hospitals, not
Including such Institutions as the Presby
terian and Roosevelt hospitals, which are
self-supporting, received from the stata
$20,490.50; from the board of supervisors,
$65,930.39; from cities, towns and villages,
$3,180,961.07. These same hospitals expended
during the fiscal year for the care of their
patients, in totat, $9,880,156.90, the balance
aside from that received by the state being
made up by the paying patients.
There is no city In the world wherein
the charitable cases are' taken better care
of than in New York, The comptroller's
office gives out for the fiscal year of "1909
the following figures: For maintenance of
Bellevu and allied hospitals, $1,247,957.50;
public charities department, including the
five borough, $2,512,605.60; tho department
of health, $2,484,859.25; private Institutions
on per capita basis, $1,760,650.98, and the
department of correction, $1,274,957.50. mak
ing a total appropriation of $12,308,029.71.
Out of this sum it is supposed that not
more than 2 per cent waa spent on In
curables, nor were any of the latter
neglected.
vanced to the government altogether $658,-
007.13, an enormous sum at that period for
a private individual, when all business and
commerce were prostrated. Tills sum docs
not Include his support of the delegates
In congress and officers of the army and
naiomuu, inr ino money so generously aa-
vanced, admitted the Justice of the claim
and reported that he had "advanced 11b-
rrally of his means at a time when tho
smews or war were essential to success.'
recognition of the services of their Illus
trious ancestor and more recently a move
ment has been Inaugurated to havo his
plctur adorn a bank note. Madison, in
1827, urged that the memorialltles might
b indemnified.
Jared Sparks wrote many years sgo that
Salomon's associations with Robert Morris
"wer very close and Intimate, and that a
ftr'at part of tho success that Morris at-
talned In his financial schemes was due
to til skill and ability of Haym Salomon."
Halomon died suddenly In 178ft. at th age
of 45, left his sffairs In a tangle, and his
lf and four children to use the language
0f th congressional reports: "To hazard
and neglect." He had great claims due
him, quantities of purollo securities, bonds,
notes and mortgages, government securl-
tie and other papers.
For any account of Haym Salomon's
dealings with th government w have to
d spend chiefly upon congressional reports,
Almost all books and papers dealing with
him and his affairs wer destroyed when
th British pillaged and burned th publio
archives,
Th oft repeated observation of th In-
gratitude of republics, spplies with strlk-
ng force to the "little Jew broker." Her
Is his obitusry notice taken from the
"Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Ob-
erver," of January I, 1786: "On Thursday
Boys at Y. M. C. A.
(Continued from Page Three.)
that have their place In association life.
These are th educational and employment
departments. Although tlx greatest work
of these division la perhsp among th
young men who ar Just beginning to be
come Independent, they, nevertheless, en
ter Into th work among the boys.
Among the educational features in th
boys' departments ar tha little excursions
taken at Intervals by the boys to the big
manufacturing plants of Omaha. I'nder
the leadership of some secretary these lit
tle Journeys have been found of great
educational value to the boys and hav
won much appreciation. Only a short
time ago 150 boys went through the sheps
of the Union Pacific railroad, where they
were shown th methods of repairing loco
motives and railway cars, of making
bridge works, constructing motor cars mid
operating block signals. The boys wore
given demonstrations of wireless telephone
and .wireless) teleaTaohv. and. althouirh
th Intricacies of these mystic systems may
not be understood by the boys their inter
est in great things is aroused. Similar
excursions have been made to the iwcking
houses at South Omaha, to tho light and
power plants, the water works and the
street car power plants. The night school
at the Young Men's Christian association
fills a crying need from young men who
wish to take advantage of their spare Urn
In securing useful Information.
The employment bureau of the local as
sociation does an unseen Work of which
many are unaware. Not only does It aid .
young men in securing good employment"
and assist employers In securing tho ser
vices of reliable young men. but it hss
often been the means of maintaining closer
relationship between parents and their
children. Boys, oftentimes, apply to the
employment secretary for work. When
the boys see that folly has gotten the best
of them and that they are about to take
up labor when they ought to be In school
the employment bureau Is a means of in
fluencing that boy td remain at home un
der the care of his parents. Oftentimes
boys run away from their homes and g
to other cities In quest of adventure. Only
a short time ago two youngsters applied
for work at the local bureau. On ques
tioning the boys it was learned that they
ran away from their homes in Denver,
simply In the spirit of seeing tho world.
Tho boys' parents were communicated
With and monev waa soon fnrthnnmlnz
with which to furnish the lads with trans
portation Home. They were willing prod
igals, too, for it took no persuasion to in
duce them to return to their mothers.
Thus It Is patent that work of the Young
Men's Christian association covers a wld
field. It Is all the work of Christian en
deavor. There ar great problems to meet
In association work, for It is a great in
stitution. Money It must have In order to
exist. Some of Its support comes from
memberships, but only a small per cent of
the total. The big end of the bill Is paid
by Christian workers whose subscriptions
are, in nearly every case, the superstruc
ture of all the great buildings used for
association purposes In the country. It Is
all a work for the better.
Whatever may ba said of the Young
Men's Christian association It can never
be said to be governed by charlatans or
politicians. It is far removed from such
iiuiuences. its hoik toaar is international
in scope, all of It prompted by the desire
of men to see the youths of the nations
grow up to be useful, desirable citizens.
Omaha in the Sub Tropics
I, T' t J 7 t .J- I
w 3m.
Vt? v
t si
It. HtJOO BRANDKIS,
Picking Oranges on January U, at St.
Augustine, Fla.
died Haym Salomon, a broker."
That's all. Th real financier of the
American revolution, one of the greatest
benefactors of his country, and the fore
most philanthropist of his day. Surely
this American republic should now. In fhs
twentieth century give credit to th .if w
broker, whose princely munificent Yftd
possible our peerless republic.
MADISON C. PliTKIia.