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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 5, 1909)
Tin: OMAHA SUNDAY BKK: DKCKMIUIK .". l!HH. F Educational Purposes and Value of the Great National Corn Exposition kith) f'jrn (-how-what Is It? I I The story of how the hit.nt I force of the law svhlch control reproduction run be made to fn:ike the soil yield more of Its riches to Oia agriculturist will b told at the Natlonnl Corn exposition which opens on December 6. The Corn how exemplifies the achieve ments attained In the development of plant values, by the name kind of painstaking atudy and aclentiflo care that haa Riven highbred animal life. The utilisation of heredity la tlia whole story. There In a rather material vindication of the doctrine of the survival of the fittest In the lesson taught by the Corn rhow. The exposition la concerned with not corn alone, but all grains and grassr-a It might well be called an agricultural show shire lis scope lias been so much widened beyond the original heginnlpg. The exposition might be compared to a world' electrical show. In such a show the electricians show how to harness and drive electricity, making It do the work which men do, but In greater quuntlty. At the National Corn exposition, scientists and farmer who are making brains with muscle, shows how to harness up and use the energy of heredity to Increase the production of food in the world. In short, the exposition shows that re production la the basis of the creation of new wealth. It Is an Inspiration to any one, whether farmer or business man, be cause It d'als with the work of supplying the world's necessities, of making men and Women morn prosperous and happy by giv ing them more and better food. Back of the exposition and meeting In Omaha during the tlmo the grains and grasses are on display, are two organiza tions which are rusponslble for increasing the products of American farms ll.OOO.OW.oo.; annually the National Corn association and the American Breeders' association. These organisations assure the attendance of men who huve International refuta tions as leaders In agricultural thought: Economists, scientists, builders of great, railroads which have made posHlble the In tense development of the agricultural re gion and kept the stream of pioneers ever pouring Into the new lands of the west. licsldes these organizations, twenty-five State agricultural colleges and experimen tal stations have put their tremendous In fluence and resources Into the "corn show" lo make it a success and each will demon strate the work being done in the state, to make the farms more productive and tlx; work of running them an art. The United Htates government, through Its Department of Agriculture and De partment of the Interior, will show that these departments have been "making good" by making exhibits of their actual results. The exhibit made by the Depart ment of Agriculture at the Alaska-Yukon-I'iirtfic exposition In Seattle dining the summer of l'"1. was brought to Omaha In eight baggage cars and is now Installed at the National Corn exposition. totrethr with such exhibits as the Interior Impert inent could show to advantage at a grejl grnln and grnss show, sure to b attended by some SO.O00 formers. One of the most interesting features of the government exhibit will be to show what has been accomplished in eiadicatlng Its Influent ' pow era Hint of Agriculture has thrown against the Insects and other prey." Individual exhibits will probably number 10 nil) drawn from firms In all paits of tha country by the offer of the Natlonnl Corn exposition to pay f.M,00 In prises, mil the offer by firms and individuals, to award a score of gold and silver trophies to the exhibitors of the best samples of grains and grasses. In offering these prises the exposition m a n a gnment has made a r n I e which "'111 make it I o s s I ble for the amateurs ,n Practice', " ' I e n t I f r 'arming , win prises at the 100s ex position, rul ing out the p r ofessionals, who may en ter classes only In which sji i ii i ii wi siiia.iis m.m 1 9 ww a,ipw, '7 jV m ' mm m iif mix HUl JB imr 11 - in ; ti only to reisln the grand champion sweep stakes trophy in the world classes. In addition lo the regular lists, several supplemental lists have been offered by corn clubs, grain growers' associations the young women entering the domestic science and aft denartment. These ev- Interestod and enterprising hiblts will all be arranged In the Omaha Auditorium and auditorium annex, having a combined floor space of over 304,0ml square fet. Kvery exhibit may be easily seen, professional guides being employed to locate any Individual exhibit desired from any state or county. The Judgea have also volunteered to be In attendance con stantly after the Judging Is done that they niiirht explain to exhibitors the points on which certain grains are awarded prises, while others fail to win. In a lecture room which will be open every morning and evening, men of na tional reputallor will speak on subjects pertaining to farm and commercial life, und Individuals. James J. 11 II aljne of fering mors than $2.o00 In gold as prises for grains and grasses. A Junior premium list to be awnrdtt to others will put on demonstrations with the assistance of experts and with tha aid of strong lights, that their work may be seen In all parts of the lecture room. For Instance, under the direction of the Heef Producers' association, the carcas of a whole, steer will be cut up dally by expert butchers In the glare of a "spot light." while a lecturer explains the best cuts of meats to buy, shows the cheaper cuts and tells haw the wise housewife wl'.l buy these cuts and serve them In a way to m a k them as desira ble as tha mora expansive meats. The cheap e r cuts will then be prepared In the domes tic icl enoe depart ment and those who want to be "s how n" may have an op portunity to making, and tho wheats in make the best bread will be ground and the bread baked. The pilxe wheata will be milled to demonstrate that they deserve the prises they have won. Hut all will not resemble a big school room with hard lessons to learn. Knter talnment of an exceptional character has been provided on the program. Hy special permission of President Idas of Mexico, the famous Mexican National band will be In Omaha during the two weeks of the N -4'' - Ik mmmm 1- mm 'T- 'ITiisiihi i lilui r- I CHAMPION TEN EARS ;OF tOQQ they have not won prises before rboys and girls In the schools lias also I taste the meats as prepared, thus dem and compete only for tho trophies 1 been arranged, together with prises for I onstrating that the cheaper outs peed in1 the sweepstakes. This ruling I All the knowledge they huve stored up by only to have sclenne simplify the means there will De new win- yuars 01 siuny may oe arawn on uy in cuumni mcuum u iobo uuoiinum. U ....r-r' r . , li.f.injl iJ U m - "n a., , wmu the Insects which annually destroy millions iiiers of dollars worth of farm crops. Mn has always had competltoirs for the world's supply of food. The Insects have been l among the most active, but the Department in 1909 and the 150,000 list of premiums goes to the Individuals show Ing the best grains In their sones. Last year one man won more than 13,200 en tun acres of corn. He can enter this year visitor in a praotlcal way, as a good busi ness man draws on his bank account. Many of these speakers' will use ( tbe stnreoptioan and the motion picture ma chines to Illustrate ther' addresses, while In the same way one of the leading flour millers of the country will Install a mlnature mill where various varieties of wheat wi:l be ground to nuke pastry flour, flour best adapted for pruoker exposition, giving three concerts dally. The motion pictures will be "different." Many of them have been prepared by the Department of Agriculture especially for the National Corn exposition and combine amusement with Instruction. Tor Instance, any moving picture show can get films showing convlcs escaping from a pen itentiary, the pursuit by guards, the fight In the woods or a tragedy In the home of an escaped convict, but only tho National Corn exposition shows pictures of con victs making good roads on scientific prin ciples In the picturesque mountains of Vir ginia, These films were taken In Virginia during the Rummer when the convicts were working to give the state among the best roads Jn the United States. Another enter taining film shows how In some states, great comfortable carriages are provided to take school children to graded IiIkIi schools. The whole trip la made, from the time the driver cracks his whip until the school house Is readied; lie gathers i:p the littlo ones with their dinner baskets, some ride the horses, others exchange stories with the driver It Is sure picnic day and comes every day In some dis tricts. The films were made for the corn show in Minnesota.; Exhibits of the fotcln countries may also bo counted as entertainment. Mexico conies with lis splendid exhibit, showlnj how the Indians of that country have thrown away superstition and ure Voi-l-ectltig the works of creation," which only few years oko they feared to do. India brings samples of the grains pro duced In that country, KO long nil eniptv bread basket, bill now preparing to con tribute to the food supply w ith v heji u feed a hungry world. Kngland and Canada how the results of Intensive farming on the other side of Ci.. Atlantic, the accomplishments in adapti'i,; giuins from southern climes to tho far north. j Alfalfa from the Holy Land will be u ! tuther unusual cxhibi;. hut It Is believed 'this wonderful j lant i;!vrn to mail. N Id.iitltal with the grass fi'd to the c a'lie, ruravans In liibllcul tlti.es m.d which has since solved the problem of soil fertility anil maintenance In the I tilted Males, given a balanced union for cattle und sup plied the "hour's idea of Heaven." The greiit development of Alaska and Hawaii under American government will be shown by exnlblls from tin se countries. Wheat Irom Alaska, corn from the warm soils of Hawaii Combine with these Hie exhlhlts of grains from lunds under Irrigation because of the lack of moisture; the grains from swamp lauds where water four feet deep has been pumped off und twenty feet of swamp B'oss destroyed, and the bounty secured by the "dry farming" methods on arid lands, and the visitor will have an opportunity to see at a glance the bound less possibilities of production when brains assist brute force and meeting physical conditions of the land and the seasons as they come and go. GOVERNMENT'S AID TO CORN Uncle Sam is Helping the Farmer and Boosting the Exposition. WILL MAKE SIGNIFICANT EXHIBIT Departments of Asjrlcoltare end tertor Will show at Least a Kpttome of Hon Governmeat , Has Promted Fsrmlif. la- That the wealth of the United States Is In her soli was the belief of American statesmen a few score years ago, when they created of Department of Agricul ture. These same men were tired of war and warlike preparations and, viewing the country In Its vast expanses between the Atlantic and the Pacific, declared that the lands upon which the people dwelt must "pay dividends." Little, however, did those men dream of the Intricate prob'em that the men would face who have had before them con stantly the question of getting from the soil the greatest possible profit. They realised that In the rich loam of the slver valleys and on the rolling prairies of the country there was wealth, but they did not figure out the problem of malting the soil give up Its riches. In their nilnds was tho plan of broadening the scope of the government und by the creation of a new department affect a means of promoting good Investments In the .land. These men wanted something one to promote the cultivation of the soil of a country, the most fertl of all lands upon which the sun has ever shown. They looked upon the western plains the ro'.llng prairies and the ttrid lands, as a bonanza, waiting x for a Columbus to discover the wealth burled beneath the sod. Bet "oil VIII filve Out. But as years have gone by and genera tions used tho lauds, they found the lodes and pockets of earth, which contain precious metals, exhuusted and likewise 'the farms. Thus the study has been taken up of how these luivds may be made to yield year after year. When "pot luck" Is over In mining, science finds a way to concentrate !ow grade ores. When farmers face "agricultural bankruptcy" the De partment of Agriculture, with Its system of experiment stations, finds a way to rotate crops, select varieties, restore the fertility and Intensify farming sort of work pver the tailings at a profit. What the Department of Agriculture Is accomplishing In this work Is to be graphically shown at the coming National Corn exposition to be held in Omaha, December to 11 An exhibit is to he made which will show that the Depart ment of Agriculture Is doing just what the men Intended It to do. who plunned years ago to do something from Washing ton w'ulch wou'd make the people mote happy and proserous. Whether or not the government is maiv.nj good and doing something for the majority of the American people the farmers wlil be shown at the corn exposition. The de partment Is taking advantage of the op portunity offered at the show to demon strate conclusively that It Is "nuk ni good"; that It is working out the plana f the Bt4,Usmen who devolved the scheme of making the soil pay dividends. It is thing; that soil that had been worked out of certain qualities regained those charac teristics by resting. Thus a corn field be came a meadow and the pasture lnud was transformed Into a waving field of malxa. The scientific, farmer, however, has learned and demonstrated that the same land may be used over and over again I that the life-giving features of the soil may be rejuvenated by proper fertilization and he has learned to compound mixtures from the various salts of the earth that make poor soil rich. All these things have been encouraged by the government and the results of the government's Influence will be shown at the corn show. Land that formerly grew only stunted nubbins of corn now ylulds perfect ears of yellow oorn. Increased yields are noticed on all soil where the princi ples of scientific farming have .been ap plied. Grain elevators are bulging out with their stores of cereals where pre viously there were empty bins due to short crops. Cresting; More Soil. But the government has not stopped with mere fertilization of tho soli. It has ex tended lis efforts to creating more soil suitable for raising crops. It has sought to convert desert land into farming country and now, where the principle of irrigation has been applied, there ure green oasis where formerly there were barren wastes. In Colorado, in Wyoming, in Montana and the lauds of the west and the great north west great empires are being reclaimed for tho uhc of man by means of water. The government has spent millions of dollars in tapping streams and diverting their channels so that the water may be made to furnish moisture to the tliiisty lands. Irrigation canals now thrtad the arid lands and diserts of the western states und the lumls through which they flow ore now veritable gardcn3 of lMen hearing fruits and grains of untold weulth gular and coutour cheoks, In connection with flooding. In addition, the const mo tion, use and Installation of various kinds of gates are shown. All through the exposition, the work of the United States gif-ernment Will be shown. The exhibit will rival that shown at any of the world's fairs and expositions, where the government exhibit has usually been the greatest attraction. The exhibits of the Department of Agriculture are al ways interesting, and when tha Interior department combines with the Agricultural depsrtment, bringing to an exposition many of the models from the patent offloe, a combination Is scoured which will Interest all classes of people. Doth Beoretsry Wrll fon and Assistant Secretary Hays will at tend the exposition In Omaha. The exhibit of tha Agricultural depart ment was prepared with a special view of Bhowlng It to the 300,000 or more farmers who will visit Omaha In December. The exhibit of the bureau of animal In dustry will be of special Interest, coming ts It does to one of the centurs C? the meal-packing Industry, located equl-dlhtant frgm the great feeding yards and the ranges. Jt will cover the general work of tha bureau which duals with the Investiga tion, control and eradication of diseases In commercial animals; the Inspection and quarantine of live stock; Inspection of meat and meat products, us well as witli animal husbandry and dairying. Dipping! I utile and sbuep. Models showing the dipping of cattli' and i sheep for the eradication of manga or scabbiest natbolourlcal sueclmtns of Bill- L iiihI diseases; a dairy stable model showlnj sanitary construction, and painting show ing" various breeds of luirnua, cuttle, and other comrmrclul animals, are only a few things which the bureau of animal in dustry will shuw In the exhibit. The bureau of plant industry embraces a bioud and vorkd f:cld of uct!vty In solv- ancea used In seed testing, together with a working exhibit where daily demonstra tions of testing forage plant seeds for me chanical purity and germination will be conducted, giving visitors an object lesson In methods employed and results obtained by the department. The sugar beet Industry receives consid erable attention and samples of the soil on whloh the beets have been most success fully grown, the by-produpta of the1 fac tory, from the beet to the waste molasses, refined sugars from the factories In 'he United States, Jams, preserves and ever'' thing put up with, augur, to the samples of fertilisers made from the refuse of the factories, will comprise a part of this won derful exhibit. The Interior department has planned an exhibit of special Interest (a the agricul tural classes. For Instance, this depart ment has taken front is patent offloe, and secured from those of foreign countries, mcdels of every harvesting machine made. These miniature harvesters tell the story of the evolution of farm machinery. They do not simply appear In a case, but run by electricity, the modern harvester being shown at work in a field where It cuts Its swath of miniature grain In a very life like and striking manner. ' Defeating; Qreat t'aseat. In its work of scientific agriculture and Us reclamation projepts tha guvernment Is defeating the great unrest that seems to pervade the country, For the first time, perhaps, there la a general realisation of not merely the ppsslblllty, but the cer? talnty that all arable land of the entire country will ere long be settled upon and the opportunity to obtain free government land be gone forever. Already nearly all the lands which may be farmed by ordi nary rn"thods have become the property af the small farmer and today the pro spective settler turns his eyes toward the irrigated and so-called dry farm lands of the arid and semi-arid states where the bulk of the unoccupied land Is found. All the exhibits of the government show that tha federal departments are making good; that a body of men of the soil, whu have supplemented their "bringing up" on the farm by the things taught by science are gathering all the things from the prac tical field, supplementing them with book lure, trying them out at the experiment stations and farms that extend from Maine to California and then showing them at such expositions as the "Corn show" at Omaha the results of their work. Why Some Wrecks Happen. Just wist the uangers are that the publio Is continually exposing Itself to when it travels. Harry Bedwell, a one time railroad telegraph operator, very frankly discusses In his confessions In the Ameiiuan Magazine. An Instance of care lessness that might have resulted In a great many people being killed, he de scribes as follows: "An extra freight train, westbound, re ceived n urdt r to do about an hour's switching at a place I shai call Gardner. Tlie dispatcher, using the threatened delay to holp along another extra bound In the opposite direction, Issued an order at Gardner for the westbound train to wait there until 11 : to a. m. for the eastbound extra. Hut when( the westbound train arrived at Gardner they found that there was only a few minutes' switching to be done, so the conductor went Into the tele graph office at once, and signed his or ders. "When the operator gave him his orders, the conductor read them hurriedly as he walked forward to deliver them to the en gineer. When lio handed the orders up to the engineer he said, 'We wait here until forty-five for the extra east,' and, turning, walked back towards his caboose. "Glancing at hbi watch, Hie engineer saw that It was about 11 o'clock, and sup posing that" the conductor meant 10:15 (which hp did), he started out of town with only a glance at the orders. When he had his train In motion and running at good speed, the engineer began to reed the orders more carefu'ly. When he read the one which ordered him to wait at Gardner until 11 :4ft. he glanced up, to see the other train almost upon him. "No one was killed outright in' the wreck that followed, but a great deal of prop erty waa destroyed, and one engineer wus badly Injured. "Like the others I have mentioned. lio.i was due to Just a little carelessness.! relaxing of vigilance for a few- minutes." 0 The jurat Gunnison tunnt I in the famous , ' the, diverse and intricate problems compatible valley of Colorado was I which confront the farmer In crop produc opened at a mkiuiI from President Tufljlhm. The nrganisatlon of the bureau, tliu durirg his trip through ihc west this fall ! Hues of milk which it einliruc-.s, the loe,; und w hen water hu.diid from this costly lion of o.ju rlnient stutiuiis where Inventi nuunialn bore thousands of uoYt.s of land j Stations are being conducted under the ill were ndiemid for the use of mao. This I ruction of the bureau, will be graphically was u government project and slamar pro jects ui! now being worked out by I'uclu Mum's engineers throughout the country. The Dipartment of Agriculture has joined with the Department of the Interior In furthering the work of agriculture through out the Culled Stales. At the Aluska-Yukon-l'aclflc exposition the government exhibited the products of the United States. This same exhibit will be pluotd National Corn show in Omaha. shown by charts and mups. Owing tu the great Importance of tho grain Industry, the office of grain Invfcstlr nation and inspection is given spiuial prom inence by the bureau of plant Industry. Humpies of tho leading cermsls, embracing all those Imported by the Department of Agriculture, will be shown by the depart ment at Omaha. Much care has been In the j taken In selecting and preparing these iLampKs, und all aio labehd. The origfn of Ilov Kxulhlt Will be Made, k each variety la noted, as well as Its value The exhibit will be made by bureaus and and the regions to which It Is best adapted. I, what the department is accomplishing. It Will be supplemented by an exhibit from the Interior department showing the evolu tion of farm machinery. The harvester, for instance will be shown from its Infancy to its ptrfeetion. These little harvesters uiil ail be run by electricity and all ot them put lo t.oik in u mlnature field ol fci tiln, w tin n an Ingenious Inventor lias er lamted to accomodate the little "slf Llnclers." Going around and cutting down a swuth of grain, the binders return to find tho grain grown again and ready to cut liKe a field of alfalfa in the west, which glows us fast i..s it can be cut. The exhibit of the biun. 11 of animal In dustry will be of special interest, coining, us it does, tu one of the center of the in -a: smut and othe Injurious fungus diseases, complete the exhibit of the office and It is a complete "corn show" in itself. Study of Public lllgbvtays. In th? study of public highways the govcrniiunt has not been lax. The beji kind oi roadways over which to haul grain and toe products of the furin have been studied with u view to i:npruviug local conditions. In sections of the country w luro llvre are rich gravel v:.iiis the guv- i ii in t n l has experimented with mucaduui; then, SKilu. the possibility of crushed rock has been uncovered and now where there are no rich gravel pits crushed stone is shipped in, whleli is used in paving the I country roads. Tl'.e government looks upon the country rouds us gnat highways of commerce over which the p: ounce of the farms must ride to the railroads. There will be on exhibi tion at the Corn show models showing the different kinds of loads now being built. Fifteen different samples will be on exhi bition. In addition to these models the puckn-.g industry, located e.ui-distunt from going to show the people that sclttice has the feeding farms and the ranges. It will learned to make worked-out farms produce 'eoir the gnural work of the bureau which rich harvests. I deals with the investigation, control and All Over the country are agricultural eradication ot diseases of commercial anl schools where scientific farming Is taught, mals; the inspection and ouurantine of liv Every state university has an agrlcultuial I stick; inspection of meat and meat department and there are many Insi iu i Products. Models showing the dipping ot I government will exhibit machinery used In i lions devoted exclusively to pursuits aloi:g ; cattle for the eradication of scabies and j construction and a complete rock- j tho lines of agricultural research. Theie I mange ; pathological spicimens of animal : 'rushing plant will be In full operation.; ... .... ,n.. f .., .! -..ii..ti, Id.seasis: a iiukUI suiittarv da.rv stable in.l Miniature road-muking machinery will be i century methods'. j Pointings showing breeds of cattle, horses, lie K and sheep will be shown. A model of an Irrigated ."arm will be an- Tullur-Made Farmers. The great colleges and universities are turning out "tailor-made" farmers, but these same made-to-order farmers are mak ing the hayseeds of the old school si: up and behold. Science bus taught the mod ern farmer that lands may be compelled to yield crops of greater proportion; that the fold may be two-fold In many cases, and that there Is no such thing as waste laud. The old-time farmer learned by ex per leave tuafTuiailou of crops was a-good In operation during the exposition. The bureau of entomology v ill have an interesting exhibit. Knlargtd models ot injurious and beneficial insects and a large 'other am action, one which neither the ! collection of bugs of economic Importance. man who woiks the farms nor the man of the city win fall to rccoh-nla as of hiirii value. The crops repi ei-ecled in the model ars oi chard fruits, alfalfa and sujiar beets. The portion of the modi 1 showing orcl aid Irrigation, Illustrates both the furrow and basin methods of applying water. Alfalfa I ad-r Irrlsalloa. In alfalfa culture under Irrigation, the model Ulustiites iho uf border, lectun- with specimens Illustrating their habits, will be on exhibition. The bureau has made a special stu'ly of Ir sects harmful to die grains, fruit trees and forest timbers of the nation. Pure fceed lvrsllaalloa. Pure seed investigation is a very Impor tant and practical line of work carried on In the seed laboratory, and at the exposi tion In Omaha will be ahowu all the appli- THE PRIDE OF OIVSAMA. 4 f World THE MONTUlVSEWTAkL, ORDER Ihc 5 trongest t1 rateraa lesM&ece Order in America ver $39,000,000 Losse Paid J 59,000,000.00 Emergency Fund to minimize cost and guarantee permanency. 1 Thirty thousand monu ments erected to memory of deceased members. Old Age Disability Benefits on Reaching 70 Years of Age Get Permanent, Not Temporary Fraternal Life Insurance-Get the Best. JOSF.Pil CULLEN ROOT, Sjv. Commanler JOHN THOMAS YATES. Sov. CUrk