THE OMAHA SUNDAY
BEE: OCTOBER 24. 10W.
Gedar County, an Indian Paradise, Now Pours Wealth on White Men
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' III III II II III III!' n mmnMurm ii ,. i n ii. ' " HA
was organised In ism. It. atner
Parsrher. ' a Catholic miFsloreiy from
Covr-IT Uluffs tlnc the first t. Ft-
Helena m Incrirrorated In 1K71 The Cedar
County Advocate was started in St. Helen
in lw 4 by U W. Chend'er.
At th preent lime) this county has a
population of KOno people. ith a valua
tion of over K'.W.O'fl. TM coun'y at the
In 1C many oxen were stolen by the
Indians. In 1S".1 fifty citisns of the
ccuety banded totrether for protection
aralrst the Indians. In the year
occurri v. hat la called the Great Stamp Je
The kioux, Cheyenne and other hostile
tribes tnreetened the annihilation of the
frontier settlement. The first election lr.
tha county was he:d In the fall of V.
Tim oiintV m-aa renrpnt In IS trrl
tortal legislator- by Grge A Hail, elected Pre-wnt tlm hs.s seventy-two mile, of rail
In 1. The first children bora in the rw"S lln Mvcn Incorporated tovns on
eounty were twin, a son and daughter, to " rmilroals. All of these are thrifty
Mr. and Mrs. George A. Hell la an early trading point for a rich surrounding
day there were several saw milla located In 'arming country. Fordyce. Oberton and
the county, the f.rst being- located by the Warehorn are thrifty railroad towns, but
Bow Valley Milla, below St. Jamea, unincorporated Incorporated railroad
The population of CeJar county in 15-10 towns are Hartlngton. Colrldee, Laurvl.
, In 1ST It waa tOSi In It ru Belden, Randolph. Magnet and Wy
1700. SL Hf:va. on the bank of the Mia- not. The county alao haa i4 tnilo c(
eourl. waa once the county seat of Cedar telephone line and four first-class flouring
county. The placa waa selected for a mills. The entire county receives excellent
town by C. I. Neyer, nho arrived In 1ST.S. service from the net work of the free rural
Early la 1S two log houn were routes. Last year the farmers of Cedai
utlt at ft. Helena. P. C. Kiseen, county sold and ehlpped out of the county
who arrived here In IS.'., built the 25.700 beef cattle. 9 A fat hogs, TOO well
first store uV 1X61. A three months bred horse and 1900 mutton theep. I le
ech ool was taught In ISaS, In a log nous?, sides, this tl-ete farmers sold and shipped
by Dr. Burping. This was the first school out 909.009 bushels of corn. 22.0M bushels o!
taught la the county. The Catholic church wheat aod tC'3.000 bushels of oats. It U
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Tram Left to Right Z. M. Falrd. E. H. Collins. A iAibeley. T. W. Oermatn. J. Albert Olsen. C. H. Whitney, Prans Xalson,
W. 8. Weston. Louis Goeta. jjirbcTORS OF HARTINQTO.VS COMMERCIAL CLVB.
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CEDAR COUNTT COURT HOUSE AT HARTTNOTON.
.y the minds of roost of the old the Logan creek In the southern part, are
residents of Cedar county, the Uie principal valleys. In extent the val-
beginning of the growth of the leys comprise nearly half the surface, and
county dates back but few In some places are as level as a floor for,
years, when there was nothing miles. The uplands are composed prtncl-
to show that the county and Pally of gettly rolling prairie, but along
tha many thrifty villages claimed a place the Missouri river the hills are higher, but
on the map of the state. The prosperity very seldom axe they too much so to admit
of this county from the very beginning cultivation. The subsoil Is well adapted
haa bad Its foundation In the splendid rich, to bo,h eioeastve wet and exoessiva dry
on. and It U upon thla foundation that weather. In many places on tha surface
the live stock Industry haa become and Is Ttmt numerous boulders of considerable
birltur one of the most substantial In- Thera Is aa Immense amount of chalk
duJTries cf the county. The great source rck In Cedar county which makes excel,
of the continued fertility of the soli has ,ent boUdl" stone. Good brick clay la
ben Id the past and will be for years J, found ta. abundanos.
to coma, live stock. So while live stock Originally there was a Considerable quan-
ralslng. in Itself a great Industry, depends utT et Umber along the Missouri river
upon the soil for support, it stands In a bottoms and along some of the creeks,
peculiar relation In that It supplies the EInl wood, box elder, ash, hickory,
means of Its own perpetuation, and In- ,oft niaple, black walnut and red cedar
urea besides aa abundant production of ww found ln abundance. The same kind
food stuffs and cereals. ' arasaes grow here as ln other counties In
, ,, ' northeastern Nebraska, blue Joint being: the
Few Nebraska people realise the enor- prlnclpal , abunda. of
J"OU" ' tn " t.OC.ltJndU!lrT " wt.r Cedar county. The Mlawurl river
It allied trades. Over tii.O0OO00.0no wera ft on the nortn M tn.
Involved In this single line of production. wMr ttom th, Mst, miaa, ftna welt Bow
a sum equal to five-sixths of the total of creeks, besides other small streams.
all other tadustrlea. In this great Industry Th. ,ndllLn, , cauw)d th,
the Ate of Nebraska plays no lnoon- ppi, of Cadar county considerable troubls.
splcuous part. A farming state, embracing
a wide area of fertile country. It has for
Tears devoted Itself principally to agricul
tural, but to discover that land and live
stock are Indlssolubly linked. Now It Is
turning Its attention more and more to
stock raising until new few farms are
" without herds or droves or flocks. With
the growth of the Industry has come the
growth of the slaughter industry. But ln
the years to come the dairy Industry Is
bound to stand out aa one of the most
prominent ln the state.
Cedar county Is located In the north
eastern corner of the state. The county
baa S7.M acres In farms, with 221O0O acres
tinder a high state of cultivation. Tha
county was organised by act of the terri
torial legislature, February 12 1V57. Tha
surface of the county 'consists principally
In gently rolling prairie. Valleys are
numerous and some of them are of con
siderable extent. Those of the Antelope
and Beaver In the northern, of Bow Creek
In the central, and of the north fork of
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the deep Interest that the farmers are tak
ing ln the growing of alfalfa that Is bring
ing Uils county to the front as one of the
prominent dairy sections of tie state. At
present the farmers of the county hare
1S4 acres seeded to alfalfa. This accounts
In a large part for these farmers having on
their farms at the present time 1.700 "head
of milk cows, and they .used last year 631
hand separators. It also accounts for these
farmers shipping out of the county last
year over l&,o pounds of butter and 131.00
gallons of cream. The farmers' wives have
also made a good ahowlng In the poultry
Industry, ss they marketed last year Si. 700
county, is one of the peculiar little cities
of the state. It Is unfortunate for a Iowa
to be forty or fifty years In the building,
for It Is quite apt to lar-k uniformity, but
Darlington Is of rectnt growth and devel.
opment. Almost any city of Its slse haa
aoma good substantial brick Mocka. but th
business portion of Hartington la universal
of good, modern brick building. There Is
nothing of the small, old shabby type to
mar the better portion of the city. It Is a
clear and self-evident fact that the bust,
ness men of this city take more than the
usual amount of interest In the general
dosen of eggs and 146.000 pounds of poultry, appearance of their city. This w think,
Mors snd more each year the farmers of
this county are devoting more or leas at
tention to the fruit Industry, largely for
home consumption. It la almost univers
ally th case that these farmers have a
has come largely from the present Com
mercial club, which has a membership of
over fifty progressive, thrifty, intelligent
hustlers. The club has been organised for
mora than five yean, and Its Influenoa
HENRY WISEMAN. CEDAR COUNTY PIONEER, WHOSE FAMILY WAS MASSACRED WHTLE HE WAS WITH THE
ARMY IN DAKOTA- HE 18 6AID TO HAVE TAKEN A TERRIBLE VENGEANCE ON THE TRIBES WHO BLEW
HIS LOVED ONES. HE IS STILL AN ACTIVE AND HONORED CITIZEN OF THE COUNTY.
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LOOKING SOUTH ON BROADWAY FROM MAIN STREET IN HARTINGTON.
DELIVERY DAY ON CORN CULTIVATORS SOLD BY ONE HARTINGTON DEALER.
nice patch of strawberries, and ln many reaches far beyond tha city limits of Hart
cases several other kinds of berries as lngton. They seem to have a wonderful
well. At the present time there are grow- faculty of getting at tha different read
tog and In full bearing ln the county 37,000 districts and creating good road sentiment
apple, 1.000 pear, 1,300 peach, plum all through the county. Wherever there Is
and 10.000 cherry trees a poor piece of road ln the county there
Cedar county Is proud of Its thousands they send a man to Investigate and report.
Upon thousands' of acres of farms. Its many Many hundred dollars are spent each year
thrifty well painted, cosy farm homes. Its by this club In the betterment of th publla
rillagea scattered over th entire county, highway.
yet It takes a deeper pride in Its public PubUc buildings of Hartlngton, such aa
schools than ln all these. Th county at the schools, churches and court house, will
th present time has ninety-three schools raak among the best ln th stata II art -
districts, with 106 school buildings, where Ington's financial strength may be eali-
128 teachers are employed. The county has mated to some degree by Its on Stat
6.100 pupils enrolled. Number of new and two national banks, whoae capital and.
school buildings erected ln 1908 and 1901 surplus aggregate fitt.000. with deposits
thus far has been five. Th school build- amounting to almost SSO0.O00.
Ings of the county as well as the grounds The business portion of the town Is
axe ln good repair, and the average, salary solidly built up of brick and a ton. Th
of th teachers will run from $40 to (7i per residence streets' are well laid out, well
month. W. E. Miller Is serving his fourth kept lawns, beautiful shade trees, and
year a county superintendent, and to him many fine residences affording a pleasing
much credit la due for th excellent con- a'K"t- Hartington Is notable as a city if
dltton of th schools of th county. homes, there being proportionately very
HarUngtoa, tha county seat of Cadar trN reuttd properties. This condition la
In a large tmasure due to th Hartlngton
Building and Loan association, which af
fords an opportunity to the family of
smalt income of buying a home and pay
ing for it by degrees. This association. In
th fourteen years of Its existence haa
Issued tlOO.CMi of uch loans, and haa neves
foreclosed a loan.
Progress beiig the watchword of th.
people, civic lri.piovciiifnis hsve not lagged.
Hartlngton has eight mites of cement
walks. The sirc-ets are illuminated by gas
from a cold pressure gas plant owned by
the city. Four miles of gas mains supply
the business houses snd residences wltht
gas for illuminating and cooking purpose.
The water morks system Is owned by th
city, the water bulng pumped from wells
to a tank of 7,0(4 canons capacity. Th
pumps have a capacity of S35 gallons per
minute. There sre three miles of water
mains and tmeuty double fire hydrants,
Hartington la on the C:i cao. ti Paul,
Minneapolis & Omaha railway, has threa
leators, large slock y cutis, and affords
an excellent grain and stock market.
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Electrical Science and Practical Application Growing in All Directions
Eleotrtfytaa- Asaartea.
ORE than 15,000,000 miles of single
wire Is used by the people of
th United States to communi
cating with each other. Of this
amount about U 000.040 miles is
operated by telephone systems.
V west by th telegraph companies. The
lWTtfth la enough to encircle the glob at
IMJ
arrest th lightning at all it merely con
ducts it safely to a point where it can
escape without doing any damage, a
method well known la modern polic
circles.
Lightning Is so quick, so big and strong
that nothing of human design can b made
to capture It or keep It ln confinement.
Therefore It Is only a question of letting
it escape In tha best possible manner for
all concerned.
the equator 000 times.
In fact It must b even greater by this
Ome, as the above figures, though recently
pub)ihtd by the- census nffic refor tn
lr. At the 1SS0 census the telephone com- freKnll3r termed by lightning, may be all
paniea reported 14.306 miles of wire about y trm l W'" "1U nd wtUx
n-ninth of the mileage of the telegraph
companies. In LR th telephone miieaira '
was eight times as great as the telegrsph.
In th amount of business done, the
sum paid tn salaries and wages and the
capital Invested in VK th telephone
busineka waa a little over three and ou
half times as extensive as th telegraph
Industry, and during that year It fur
nished employment for mors than five
times as many persona
Between li and 1W7 there was an addi
tion of a "lea of wire for the use
of the telephone systema, as compared with
an Increase of bjt SS.Gll In the mileage of
owned and leased wire for commercial
tele-graph purposea The increase ln tbe
wire mileage of the telephone systems dur
ing the five years referred to was more
than six times as great as tha total amount
of wire adJed to th telegraph business
since 1SSQ.
The use of telephones by railroada
exciusivcly in connection wlia the opera
tion of the roads baa Increased rapidly
(luce Mil Although the electric Intern r
biui roads early recognized the advantages
if the UJiphcn for dispatching purposes
the larger steam railroads have been dis
inclined to substitute the telephone for the
telegraph.
The bulletin points out that It gives the
first statistics for the commercial wireless
jttnj airctdy established, and atatea
that they mere operated at a loae of
ei7.f-"S In vT..
Thei er six commercial wireless tele
graph ui.i tn operating 13 tower
stations. l.K.ied at most of the large ports
of the Atlantic and Pacific oceana, the
Gulf of Mexico, the great lakes and in
Hawaii. They transmitted 1(3.617 wireless
message Over the telegraph wires in
Vn there were flashed iS t:0.M messages,
of which I;s,a7 were cablegrams
It U shoaa that 0 p,r cent of tbe
ciUes r.a a peculation of at least HVOJO
la la wer equipped with electric fire
alarma. It appear that for 117 there
ere 1J0 71 fire ah-rroa received. Concern
I r,g polic patrol signaling th buIleUa says
i that there acre i.vl.t calls
ArtvstlaeT th Light!:.
la the first place th electrical devte
kxavrn aa a Utktaiug axrwur does not
this enormoua pressure the electricity Is
always striving to reach the earth. The
ordinary lightning arrester, such ss is
used on telephone litiea, would b useless
because it - could not hold bsck this enor
mous p J ensure. Therefor th high ten
sion lines must be carefully insulated with
the best kind of Insulating material. Thee
insulators are tbe very best that can b
made and they do the work all right until
tbe lightning begins to break things up
The voltage or pressure of Ion' distance and commit crimes along the Lin until It
U-ctrio transmissi m lines, which are most has to be arrested.
Among the numerous types of lightning
arresters for high tension lines recently in
vented by the engineers of tbe General
Electric company, Is one which is known
as the electrolytic, the operation of which
Is very Interesting. This arrester consists
of a number of aluminum trays mounted
on a central rod and stacked one above
the other as dinner plates might b
stacked. Tbese trays are filled with an
electrolyte or liquid which forms a very
thin film between each pair of plates.
The trays are then placed in it cylindrical
casing which Is fulled with oil. and are
mounted on a pole.
One end of the series of trays Is con
nected with the earth. The other end is
connected with a "heavy metallic strip
which leads up to a horn-shaped wire
placed close to the line aire. Th open
space between the horn and the wlr Is
known as tbe spark gap. Ordinarily
the line voltage cannot break down th
air resistance of th gap and leap across,
but when lightning strikes the line the
surging which Is set up Is so powerful
that the discharge leaps the gap and
passes down Into the arrester. Here a
peculiar action take place. Tbe elec
trolyte, under ordinary voltages. Is of very
high resistance and could not be broken
down by the line voltage. But the ex-
Two Leading W. C. T. U. Workers
Vn4
MRS. MARTHA M. ALLEV.
National Superintendent of Department of Medical Temper oca
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tremely high voltage of tha lightning
discharge, which lasts only an instant,
punctures th electrolyte in a myrald
of places, and for the moment allows the
current to flow to earth and relieve the
stress oa th system. As soon as this
is over, th punctures close up and pre
vents the line voltage, generated by the
distant dynamos, from following up tha
advantage and forcing current to tha
earth through an arc of conducting vapor
which would be formed in the gap. A
a double precaution against the formation
of such an arc, th gap is made with two
diverging horns. An arc formed down la
the narrow part spreads upward and out
ward In a fan shap and Is eventually
"blown out" of Itself.
MRS. EDITH EMTTH DAVI8.
National Superintendent of Department of fcelenufie Temperance Instruction,
Now Wireless Appeurataa.
Mr. Marconi has invented a new form ot
apparatus for stations for duplex wireless
telegraphy. In which a commutator Is ro
tated synchronously with the studded or
toothed disc before employed. Vhich disc
causes groups of electrical oscillations to
be generated at regular short Intervals.
The eommu'alors and studded disc are
coupled mechanically, and the combined
apparatus causes the receiver to be oper
ative only during the Intervals between
th discharges, and to be rendered inoper
ative during the short periods when th
discharges are taking plaoa Each com
mutator has th sam number of bars as
there are studs n th disc, and each Is
provided with pairs of brushes connected
together at regular Intervals by tha com
mutator bars The result Is that the aerial
is oontMUed through th secondary to
arth and disconnected from the receivei
during th time a stud Is passing between
the side disc contacts that Is. during th
time of discharge and connected through
th aeoondary to th receiver during the In
tervals bet woe n the discharges. Th opera
tive periods of the transmitting apparatus
are considerably shorter than thoaa of th
receiving apparatus, so that th making of
each sign oocupla aeveral operatlv
period.
Tlshaaa Has) a ad Akrsal.
Th London Times gives figures that
Illustrate urtklogly th wide difference be
tween th development af th talepbon ln
this country and tn Europa.
In all Europe, with ttom 40O.OOt.OM ot
population, tii ere wer. at th beginning
f TSs. approxlmatsly LKS.IM) telephones.
Her, with sti.0u0.000 of population, ther
wer at th sam date nearly 7,000 Out tele
phones. With one-fifth th population at
Eur op w bav tor times as many tele
phones as Europe, and ln proportion to
population ther are fifteen telephones
her to on la Europa. A few concrete
Illustrations mak th Minparisoo even
dot atrtklnv la all Fran Outre wer
at January L UOt, anly UsU&s Waphoaaaj
New York had 134.1, Chicago 184.iC2. Aus
tria can muster only SO.yrg telephones and
la handsomely beaten, not only by New
York and Chicago, but also by Boston and
Philadelphia, each with over 100.000 tele
phones European countries, such as Italy,
Hungary and Belgium, bav fewer tele
phones In service than American cities of
the second rank, such as St. Louis, pitta- .
burg, Cincinnati and San Francisco. Eva
Great Britain, where tbe telephone Is mor
higrly developed than ln most continental
countries, has a total number of telephone
Inferior in th aggregate to service to
New Tork, Chicago and Boston, thro
cities with an aggregate population about
qua to that of Creator London.
Th reason for this great difference be
tween th development of th telephone In
th United States and In Europ Is that
her th telephone servloas has been
brought to a high pitch of both technical
and commercial efficiency by privet en
terprise, whereas, in Europ It has bees
practically suppressed by government
monopoly. It cannot be seriously argued
that th public of roost European coun
tries is leas desirous of availing Itself .
of rapid means of communication than,
th American public, or la leas generally
"civilised." Tbe business man. whether
he be British, Belgain, Dutch or French,
wants to get his business don quickly
and economically. The telephone aervlos .
Is th most rapid means of communica
tion ther is; It does th work of two
telegrams la a sixtieth of th tint and
does It better and cheaper. It th Aua
train or the Frenchman, comparatively
speaking, does not use the telephone, it
is not bocaus be does rtot want to lux
It, but because his government does not
allow him to do so. His government
virtually says to him: "I arrogate to my
self lb sol rltiht to supply you with
talepbon service. It will be sufficient,
slow, inaccurate, and exasperating; Its
supply will b surrounded by all th ar
bitrary and unnaceaaary ragulationa,
which my officials can devise ; no im- .
provemeiits will b adopted except under
xtram compulsion; additional facilities
will b provided so slowly that new cus
tomers must b prepared to wait years
before securing a telephone, and lung -distance
calls will take from on to seven
hour to oompiet. But yeu must tax
th kind of talephona service I give you,
for that to all yeu will gsu"
hit very
TfcrawLae Oft m Thrill.
"Th welvea war tepon a,- h related
to th girt he was trying to impress.
ineir bowuatT penetrated to
marrow. W fled for ur Uvea. Bat
second we knew that tha rereauiu
was gaining ea ua Closer, closet1 at
they ware so el use that w could feel
their muasles against our tecs so that
"Ah," sighed the weoaaa, greatly re
lieved. How (led you must have beea
that they bad that auaaies !' J very
dya M -! no.
