The: Omaha
Bee.
PART THREE
HALF-TONE
PAGES 1 TO 4,
ADVERTISE IN THE
OMAHA BEE
BEST IN TIIE WEST
unday
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS
VOL. XXXVIII NO. 39.
OMAHA, SUNDAY MORNING, MAKC1I 14 1001).
TTTttm r cam'c cm Trmfnt? cm? nrtrt? whpt, tyq rtt t OF FARE
Expert Chemists, Equipped With Latest and Most Delicate Apparatus, Continually on the Watch to Prevent Adulteration of the Food Supply Under Direction of the General Government
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tested. These comprise saccharine products, such as honey, syrups,
molasses, candy, maple staples; also breakfast foods, cheese, flavor
ing extracts, vinegar, spices, olive and salad oils; milk and cream,
fresh or condensed; wheat rye, buckwheat, graham and potato
flours. Chicago sends Into th market a great deal of potato flour,
which is used largely as a substitute for cornstarch. '
Of samples tested and reported on probably 10 per cent are
found defective, adulterated, contrary to law. If any given sample
Is found O. K. the man from whom it was taken Is not notified of
that fact specifically, because such reports used to be immediately
put forth more or less fulsomely as advertisements. The govern
ment is not in the advertising business in that way. Under the
present custom a merchant 01 manufacturer who is in the clear can
have the simple satisfaction of feeling that "no news is good news,"
and he must keep on his guard.
given the dealer or manufacturer may raise the question of accuracy
of analysis, when all samples Involved are re-examined in another
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LABORATORY TABLES AT OMAHA OFFICE OF THE GOVERN- ik ' ; i 't'CSSWX ' M Ss-. v' - iff ""T' 11711 !
MENT'S PURE FOOD SERVICE. -' V- , ! U. I " ' ' J ; 1 1 ' ' ' '' 5 jj 1 Yirri ' 'JH' ' : I
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laboratory than that In which the original examination was made.
This will be done before prosecution is begun, for the government
reckons to give every person whose goods are questioned a fair day
in court.
lu the case of imported goods, samples are taken and tests
made at the port of entry, and when such goods enter the channels
of Interstate commerce they are pretty sure to be what the labels
purport. Every Invoice of food products coming Into this country is
accompanied by a declaration made before a United States consul
concerning the character of the shipment, and each package must be
correctly labeled or branded with the nature of the contents and
place of production. Anything forbidden to be put in food products
or sold in the country from which shipments come may not be placed
in food for export to this country. On the goods Imported both the
Treasury and State departments get into the game with the depart
ment of food inspection, the State department by securing the declar-
Granting. for example, that a certain sample of food stuff BMon mentioned, and the Treasury department by collaborating in the
bought In the open market Is found not to measure up to the re- execution of the law by securing samples of suspected Invoices,
qulrements of the law, the procedure is Jn this order: A notice is - oieomargarin, renovated butter, adulterated butter, filled
sent to the dealer, or dealers, from whom samples were obtained, cheese mixed flour, these are all subject to sample taking and
appointing a date of hearing. At that time a defense is offered, and pr0per test. Oils also come id for watching, and in the case of oils
the dealer may prove, among other defenses, a guaranty; that is, R8 quicj action can be had, perhaps, as in anything that comes to
that the goods were guaranteed tc him by the wholesaler or manu- tne hands of the chemists.
facturer, and any other pertinent facts. .Failing a good defense, if n0 Bpeclflc assignment of territory Is made for the forty tn-
the law has been clearly violated, the matter is referred through gpectors working in the field under direct orders from the chief
the solicitor of the department to the proper United States district inspector at Washington, and who picks up samples everywhere and
attorney for prosecution. After the conclusion of the hearing thus nnvwhere Samples have been received In the Omaha laboratory
WIDESPREAD and accentuated Interest in pure food
legislation has brought about In the United States, not
only the enactment of many new laws, but has also
caused the revamping and rejuvenation of earlier laws
that had been allowed to fall into disrepute and had
become practically dead Btatutes. In 1905 only twenty-five states
and territories were doing anything like effective work along the
line of fight for pure foods, drugs, medicines and liquors. At present
forty states and territories In the United States are up and working
systematically and with well defined rules. Besides, public sentiment
has been so far aroused that Hawaii, the Philippine s Islands and
Porto Rico have moVe or less extensive and fairly strict laws relating
to the purity and wholesomeness of food. The forty does not Include
states or territories that have passed pure food laws but have made
no appropriation for enforcement machinery. Of these there are
eleven, with three territories in the number, which come under the
operation of the federal law. Of the eight states that are lagging,
three have laws responsive to public sentiment, but failed to make
appropriations
In the states where enforcement is attempted in anything like
a thorough manner, as In Nebraska, for instance, appropriations are
being gradually increased, with more Inspectors and better field
work. Dyes, chemicals and preservatives in food are especially
tabooed, but the new laws are broad enough to prohibit misbranding
of packages as well as the use of deleterious or poisonous ingredi
ents, and they reach out after drugs, liquors and paints as well as
food Btuffs. National and state co-operation in this very important
work is today effective throughout the country, practically.
Your Uncle Samuel, having determined that his family and kin
folk ought to have good food, get the worth of their money in
quality and quantity, and be as carefully protected as possible from
dangerous decoctions, goes about the carrying out of his determina
tion with vim and vigor. To this end he has established at different
points twenty-one chemical laboratories, and Omaha haa one of
these. It is under the charge of Mr. S. H. Ross, located on the
fmm KohrnRlfa Iowa. Kansas. Colorado. Michigan, Minnesota and
Wisconsin. The principal products examined and the adulterants 'x
found may be listed as follows:
Milk Skimmed, watered or pre
served; and condensed skim milk
purporting to be real condensed
milk.
Oha Filled or made from
partially skimmed milk.
Flours Admixture of cheaper
flours, audi as corn, rye or wheat
mixed In with buckwheat.
rnnmi Substitution of glu
cose for sugar without declaration;
use of artificial ' coloring matter
and imitation of flavors to simulate
natural products.
' Maple Products Substitution of
cane BUgar or syrup and caramel In
place of genuine maple.
Monty Very i.i .
Pepper and Bploes Here is where
folks eat ground olive stones, coco
N uut shells, pepper shells, ground
fcark and wood, getting a good
gritty toothful very often: foreign
starchy matter is also used to soma
extent.
Lemon and Tanllla Xztraeti
Frequently diluted below standard
strength, even when mads from
genuine products, and also qulta
largely made up from imitation and
synthetic materials, and sometimes
nilnbranded
OUT Oil Sometimes haa admix
ture of cottonseed, peanut or sesame
oil; but rigid Inspection at ports of
entry has practically stopped the
sophistication of olive oil.
. Canned Goods Undeclared use of
preservatives and added coloring
matter.
Whisky Not Infrequently mada
from neutral spirits, with the addi
tion of caramel; and often traces
are found of sugar and glycerin,
with addition of little or none of
the genuine "aged in the wood"
whisky that connoisseurs dilate on.
Besides the mechanical apparatus, the Omaha pure food bureau
has a small library of practical books of reference. The whole in
vestment here is about $7,000.
Chief Robs and his assistants are graduate chemists, who, like
all officials In this service, are appointed from an eligible list estab
lished upon examination by the United States civil service commis
sion. Besides Omaha, the following cities have laboratories under the
direction of Dr. Wiley's bureau: Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cincin
nati, Denver, Detroit, Galveston, Kansas City, Nashville, New Or
leans, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Portland, 8t Louis, St.
Paul, San Francisco, Savannah and Honolulu.
MAKING MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF FLOUR
the very Important matter of collecting samples, in the open market,
and examination of the same. It may be well here to note that this
act forblda the manufacture and sale of adulterated or ralsbranded
foods and drugs in the District of Columbia and the territories, their
Importation Into the United States or exportation therefrom, and
fourth floor of the federal building, and is probably the most com- the,r 8ale ln interstate jcommerce. The various state laws-passed in
plete of any outside the very large laboratories at New York, Phila- recent yea" have been drawn .with the idea of being supplementary
delphia and Boston. The laboratory room here is admirably suited : to and fl'ns In 'ith this national law. II. W Wiley, the noted
to its purpose, and in a space of 24x36 there has been arranged a Dr- Wlley around whom storms and compliments have been circling
diversity of apparatus calculated to quickly and certainly expose the and clashing for Beveral years, is the top-notcher of the food officials,
ingredients of food stuffs and of liquids. New York has the largest as tne are officially designated, of the bureau of chemistry. Dr.
laboratory Chicago stands second, but among the smaller labora- " " i lauoraiory assistants work under the
torles In size and force employed the Omaha outfit is about as com
plete as can be found anywhere. Compactly placed and lighted with
the ideal light, from the north, the laboratory equipment consists
cf three main tables, extraction table, polarlscope table, hood, muffle
furnace, trituration table, sample table, centrifuge table, apparatus
case, drain racks, balance table, microscope cabinet and refrigerator.
The furniture Is quarter-sawed oak, with brass trimmings through-
food and drugs act of June 30, 1906.
The Treasury department, through the bureau of internal reve
nue, la also interested in the work of the laboratories, as to wines,
whiskies, liqueurs, etc.
Here ln Omaha, as at the other twenty stations, the work is
practically the same as the analytical work on foods performed at
the central bureau, all looking to a close enforcement of the law
out. ' The laboratory tables have brass tops, with sink and water If necessary, the central bureau makes check analyses on any doubt
connections at each end. and numerous connections for gas, air ful samples referred to It by the branch laboratories and renders
blast and suction and electrical connections for heat and power pur- the final decision. In the work on drugs, medicines, etc. the central
poises. Convenient drawers and closers take up the space beneath drug laboratory does the same thing The chief of the Omaha
the tables. Take the hood shown in the illustration, for example. It laboratory, and of all the others, reports directly to the head of the
Is provided with a twelve-inch tile connection through the roof, for
prcper ventilation and to take off poisonous and corrosive fumes,
while ln the hood Itself are located various steam connections, steam
tables, steam baths, etc.
The bureau of chemistry, of which the Omaha Inspection
laboratory is a part, is charged with the preparation of the data on
which the execution of the food and drug act is based. This Includes
bureau, charged by the secretary of agriculture with administration
details.
. For two months the Omaha branch laboratory has been working
on samples picked up by Inspectors and sent in. Should the branch
laboratory closest to the inspector be too busy to give him quick
action he sends the sample to some other laboratory. Here an
average of from eighty to a hundred samples a month have been
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EXTRACTION TABLE AND POLARISCOPE.
CERTAIN people who have
fondly imagined that on
, his retirement from the
yicBiucuiy lucuuuio xiuuorwil wuuiu
Urop into the abyss of oblivion and cease to
be an object of Interest are not likely to re
alize on their hopes for some time to come.
Public Interest In the ex-presldent does not
diminish as the days pass. '
Since the announcement was made that
Mr. -lioosevelt would leave Hoboken, on the
Jersey side of the New York harbor, March
23, officials of the steamship line have been
besclscd with applications for reservations
on the steamship from those who want to be
on the same vessel with the ex-president.
Already most of the cabin accommodations
have been taken and Mr. Roosevelt will have
a lively and interested company aa fellow
travelers on the liner on which he la to sail.
So curious are those who have asked for'
cabin room and so interested are they In the
ex-presldent that even the table seats have
been spoken for far ln advance with the ob
ject of sitting near Mr. Roosevelt and his
company of African travelers. Aa a matter
of fact, reports the Brooklyn Eagle, It Is ex
pected that the former president and his
companions on the trip to Africa will take
most of their meals in their suite, where
they can talk over plans for the Inland trip
in Africa without disturbance,
Preparations for the African Hunting Trip of Ex-President Roosevelt
The utmost precautions are being taken
against the shipment of cranks and others
on board the liner who might annoy the
former president on the voyage or possibly
mean him harm. While Mr. Roosevelt Is no
longer under the care of the United States
secret service, It Is generally believed that
there were many private detectives hovering
about today scanning the faces of those who
are booking on the same steamer with Mr.
Roosevelt, and It is generally believed that
niany private detectives will be fellow pas
sengers on the steamship a sort 'of private
bodyguard for Mr. Roosevelt.
First In the consideration of the steam
ship company on March 23 will be the police
arrangements in Hoboken, to guard against
overcrowding at the pier and the steamer
just before sailing, for it is expected that
there will be an unprecedented crowd pres
ent on board before the time arrives for Mr.
Roosevelt to bid mdieu to America for over a
year. Every departing liner is crowded
with visitors on sailing day, but it is ex
pected that all records will be broken on
March 23, when the Roosevelt steamer
leaves Hoboken for the Mediterranean.
From Naples to Mombassa Mr. Roosevelt and
his party will go on the German East African
steamship Admiral. On this steamer also
many have reserved space, intending to fol
low the ex-president 'as far as the African
port and then continue their own journeys
elsewhere. '
Mr. Roosevelt and his party will have
plenty of active company until Mombassa Is
reached. After that his fellow voyagers on
the liner from New York and from Genoa
will leave him to his fate and to the mercies
of the jungle beasts and natives In the in
terior of the Darkest Continent.
When ex-President Roosevelt and his
party enter the African jungle they will take
with them an outfit which will illustrate the
high degree of ingenuity which has been em
ployed ln providing for the modern hunter's
comfort. With the exception of his fire
arms, practically all of the personal outfit
of Mr. Roosevelt has been purchased ln Eng
land, and la cow on its way to Mombassa,
British East Africa, addressed to "President
Roosevelt." The selection of the equipment
was intrusted to several English friends, In
cluding R. J. Cunlnghame, an English natu
ralist, who is to accompany Mr. 'Roosevelt,
and Fred Courtney .Selous, England's pio
neer in big game hunting. London Answers
describes aome of the articles which have
been chosen for the personal comfort of the
ex-presldent while traversins the wilds of
Eastern Africa.
Some of the things which his string of
native bearers will carry Into the interior
for his use are a special tent with combina
tion bath tub and washstand attachment,
lightweight bedding, folding furniture, com
pact cooking utensils and many minor arti
cles, such as a combined folding spade and
pick for cutting ditches around the tent
when it rains; folding metal boot trees, hair
clippers and safety razors, for use in a coun
try where no imaginable fee can procure a
barber; a portable scale, for obtaining evi
dence for hunting tales; a pump filter, for
separating the soli from the water where the
only liquid refreshment obtainable looks like
mud; a mincing machine, an alarm clock
and a walking stick which may be turned
into -a stool for the comfort of the hunter
when he is fatigued and wishes to wait for
the game to find him.
The tent will accommodate two persons.
It is twelve feet by ten feet and seven feet
six inches high in the middle and is lined
inside with turkey red twill, which gives it
a cosey atmosphere. In the lining are many
pocketa for stowing such articles as there la
no danger of losing through their attractive
ness In the eyes of the natives. The tent is
double-ridged, so that a second canvas may
be spread over the first. This affords
greater protection from the elements. In
the heat of the day it serves to keep the in
terior cooler. On either side of the Inner
tent, beneath the eaves of the outer cover
ing, Is space for some of the "boys," as the
native bearers are called, and some of the
baggage. The tent Is provided with a ver-
anda ln front, and a folding canvas water
cooler, which might be mistaken for a drum,
will hang outside the tent when it Is set up.
There are also canvaa buckets for transport
ing the water from the spring to the cooler.
The folding beds are fitted with rods for
the mosquito curtains, for Insects will prob
ably be more numerous ln Africa than office
seekers at the White House. The bed can
quickly be taken apart and neatly packed in
a bag which looks something like that used
for golf clubs, the whole package weighing
only twenty-two pojtnds. The bed clothing
will include two "Jaeger" sheetts and two
camel's-halr blankets for use ln the high
altitudes, where it is frequently cold at
night. The mattress and pillow are of horse
hair covered with canvas, the former folding
up like a window blind. The re
mainder of the tent furniture in
cludes a folding table weiahlna '
about four pounds, a canvas-hanging
wardrobe, a folding mirror, a dressing caae
and a green canvas-ground sheet. To the
tent polea are attached leather straps fitted
with brass hooks for guns, coats and other
articles. Wind-proof "hurricane" lamps,
mechanical oil lamps requiring no chimney,
a collapsible candle lamp and one or two
reading lamps will provide Mr. Roosevelt
with opportunities for enjoying himself
when on more exciting sport than reading
offers.
Two persons on a three months' big
game-hunting expedition would want be
tween fifty and sixty native bearers to carry
their outfit and provisions. The "boys" are
directly under the command of a headman,
who act as guide. Many of the natives are
clever cooks, and, with their own ovens
placed ln a hole ln the ground, they will
speedily bake bread or roast small game or'
Joints.
But for other foods and methods of cook
ing the hunter takes with him what is called
the "cook's box." ln the makeup of which
great Ingenuity is displayed. The box la
only about two feet six Inches long, and
fifteen Inches wide, and Is divided Into
(Continued on Page Three.).