)
Taft's Inaugural Address
President Outlines Briefly the Work That Is Before the Adminis
tration and Gives People an Idea of What His Policies are to Be.
President Tft. after taking ths oath of
office prealdent of the United Stalea.
delivered th following Inaugural address:
My Fellow Citizens; Any on who take
the oath I have Just linen must feel a
heavy weight of responsibility If not, he
haa no conception of the powers and duties
of the office upon which he la about to
f tiler, or he la larking In a 'proper aenae
of the obligation which the oath Imposes.
The office of art Inaugural addreaa la to
give a summary outline of the main pollclea
of the new administration, so far aa they
can he anticipated. I ive had the honor
to be one of the advise ra of my dle
tingulihed predecessor, and aa auch, to hold
tip his handa In the reform he haa Initi
ated. I ahould be untrue to myself, to my.
promises and to the declarations of the
parly platform upon which I was elected
to office, If I did not make the maintenance
and enforcement of those reforms a moat
Important feature of my administration.
They were directed to the, suppression of
the lawlcssnese and abuaea of power of
the great combinations of capital Invested
In railroads and In Industrial enterprises
tarrying n Interstate commerce. Th
aiepa which my predeceasor took and the
legislation passed on hla recommendation
have accomplished much, have caused a
general hall In the vicious policies which
created popular alarm, and have brought
about la the business affected, a much
higher regard for existing law.
To render the reforms lasting, however,
and to secure at the same time freedom
from alarm on the part of those pursuing
proper and progressive business methods,
further legislative and executive action are
needed. Relief of the railroads from cer
tain restrictions of the antl-truat law have
bean urged by my predecessor and will be
urged by m. On the other hand, the ad
ministration la pledged to legislation look
ing to a proper federal supervision and re
striction to p'ravent excessive Issues of
bunds and stocks by companiea owning and
operating Interstate commerce railroads.
Then, too, a reorganization of the Depart
ment of Justice, of the bureau of cotpora
tiona In the Department of Commerce and
Labor, and of the Interstate Commerce
commission, looking to effective co-operation
of these agencies, la neded to secure a
mora rapid and certain enforcement of the
laws affecting Interstate railroads and In
dustrial combinations.
Dflslte Rasresjatloaa la Dteemkrr,
1 hope to be able td submit, at the first
regular aesslon of the Incoming congress,
in December next, definite suggestions in
r-specl to the aeeded amendments to the
anti-trust and the Interstate commerce law,
and the changes required In the executive
departments concerned In their enforce
ment.' It la believed that With' the changes to be
recommended. American business can be
asureJ of that' measure of atablllty and
certainty in respect t those things that
may be done and thoae that are prohibited,
which la essential to the life and growth
of all business. Such a plan must Include
the right of the people to avail themselves
of those methods, of combining capital and
effort deemed necessary to reach the high
est degrea of economic; efficiency, at the
same time differentiating between com
bination baaed upon legitimate economic
reaaone and those formed with the Intent
of creating monopolise and artificially con
trolling pricea.
The' work of formulating Into practical
shape auch changes Is creative work of the
highest order, and requires all the delib
eration possible In the Interval. I believe
that Jhe amendments to be proposed are
Just M neceasary In the protection of legiti
mate business as In the clinching of the re
forms which properly bear the name of my
predeCeaaor.
Tariff Moat lmpsrUst.
A matter of most pressing Importance la
the revision of the tariff. In accordance
wit It the promises of the platform upon
which I was elected, 1 shall call congress
Into extra session, to meet on March IS, In
order that consideration may be at once
given to a bill revising the Dlngley act.
This ahould secure an adequate revenue and
adjust the dutlea In auch a manner as to
afford tu labor and to all Industries In this
country, whether of the farm, mine or
factory, protection by tariff equal to the
difference between the cost of production
abroad and the cost of production hero,
and have a provision which shall put into
force, upon executive determination of cer
tain facts, a higher or maximum tariff
against those countries whose trade policy
toward us equitably requlrea auch dis
crimination. It la thought that there haa
been auch a change In condition since the
enactment of the Dlngley act, drafted on a
almllarly protective principle, that the
measure of the tariff above atated will per
mit the reduction of ratea In certain
arhedules and will require the advancement
of few. If any.
The proposal to revise the tariff made In
auch an authoritative way aa to lead the
business community to count upon it,
necessarily halts all thoae branches of
bualneaa directly affected, and aa these are
moat Important, It dlaturba the whole bual
neaa of the country. It la Imperatively
necessary, therefor, that a tariff bill
be drawn in good faith In accordance with
promisee made before th election by the
party In power, and aa promptly passed aa
due consideration will permit. It ta not
that th tariff la mors Important In th
long- run tban th perfecting of the reforms
In respect to anti-trust legislation and In
terstate commerce regulation, but the need
for action when the revision of the tariff
ha been determined upon. Is mora immedi
ate to avoid embarrassment of business.
To secure th needed speed In th paaaage
of the tariff bill, It would seem wise to
attempt rt other legislation at th extra
session. I vantura this aa a suggestion
only, for th coura to be taken by con
gress, upon the call, of th executive. Is
wholly within Its discration.
Haven Coase First.
In th making of a tariff bill, th prime
votive Is taxation, and th securing thereby
of a revenue. Due largely to th business
depression which followed th' financial
panic of ltOT, th revenue front euatoma and
other sources has decreased to auch an ex
tent that th expenditure for th current
fiacal year will exceed th receipt by
1100.000.000. It la Imperative that auch a
deficit ahall not continue, and the framera
of th tariff bill muat of coura have In
mind th total revenue likely to be pro
dured by It, and ao arrange th dutlea as
. to aecur an adequate Income. Should It
b impossible to do ao by Import dutlea,
new klnda of taxation muat be adopted,
and among th I recommend a, graduated
Inheritance tax, as correct In prtnclsl and
as certain and easy of collection.
Th obligation on U part of thos re
sponalbl for th expenditures mad to
carry on th government to b aa econom
ical as possible, and to make the burden
of taxation aa light aa possible, la plain
and ahould be affirmed In every declaia
tlon of government policy. Thia ta espe
cially lru when w r fac to face with
a heavy deficit. But when the dealr to.
win the popular approval leads to the'
cutting off of expenditures really needed to
make the government effective, and to
enable rt to accomplish Its proper objects,
the result Is as much to be condemned aa
th waate of government funda in unneces
sary expenditure. The soope of a modern
government In what It can and ought to
accomplish for Ita people haa been widened
far beyond th prlnlcplea laid down by
the old laissex fair school of political
wrltere, and this widening has met popu
lar approval.
In the Department of Agriculture the us
of scientific experiments on a large scale,
and th spread of Information derived from
them for th improvement of general agri
culture, must go on.
Control of th Railroads.
Th importance of supervising business
of great railways and Industrial combina
tions, and the necessary, investigation and
prosecution of unlawful business methods,
are another necessary tax. upon govern
ments which did not exist half a century
ago.
The putting into force of laws which shall '
secure the conservation of our resources,
so far as they may be within the jurisdic
tion of the federal government, including
the most Important work of saving and re
storing our foreats and the great Improve
ment of waterways, are all proper gov
ernment functiona which muat involve large
expenditure If properly performed. While
some of them. Ilk the reclamation of arid
lands, are mads to pay for themselves,
others are of auch an indirect benefit that
this cannot be expected of them. A perma
nent Improvement like th Panama canal,
ahould. be treated aa a diatlnot enterprise,
and should be paid for by th proceeds of
bonds, the Issue of which will distribute
lla cost between the present and future
generations In accordance wifh the bene
fits derived. It msy well be submitted to
th serious consrderation of congress
whether the deepening and control of the
channel of a great river system, like that
of the Ohio or the Mississippi, when defi
nite and practical plans for the enterprise
have been approved and determined upon,
should not be provided for in the same
way.
Army and Navy Rapport.
Then, too, there are expenditures of gov
ernment abaolutely neceasary if our country
Is to maintain its proper place among the
nations of the world, snd Is to exertUe
its proper Influence in defense of Its own
trade interests, In the maintenance of
traditional American' policy against the
colonisation of European monarchies in this
hemisphere, and in the promotion of peace
and international morality. I prefer to the
cost of maintaining a proper army, a pro
per navy and suitable fortifications upon
th mainland of th United Stales and lu
ita dependencies.
W should have an army so organized,
and so officered, as to be capable In timo
of emergency, In co-operation with the na
tional militia, and under, th, provisions of
a proper national volunteer law, rapidly
to expand Into a force aufflolent to resist
all probable invasion from abroad and to
furnish a respectable expeditionary force. If
necessary. In th maintenance of our tradi.
tlonal American policy which bears the
nam of President Monroe;. , , . ,f
Our fortification are yet jn a state of
only partial completeness, and th number
of men to man them' Is Insufficient, In a
few years, however, the usual annual ap
proprtatlona for our coaat defenaes both on
the mainland and In th dependencies, will
make them aufflclent to resist all direct at
tack, and by that time w may hop that
the men to man them will be provided as
a necessary adjunct. The distance of our
shores from Europe and Asia of course, re
duces th necessity for maintaining under
arms a great army, but it does not take
away th requirement of mere prudence,
that we should have an army aufflcientiy
large and ao constituted as to form a
nucleus out of which a suitable fore can
quickly grow.
What has been aaid of th army may
ba affirmed in even a more emphatic way
of the navy. A modern navy cannot be
Improvised. It must be built and In ex
istence when th emergency arises which
calls for Its use and operation. My dis
tinguished predecessor has In many
speeches and messages set out with great
fore and striking language th necessity
for "Maintaining a atrong navy com
mensurate with the coaat line, the govern
mental resourcea and th foreign trade of
our nation; and I wiah to relterat all th
reaaona which h haa preaented In favor
of the policy of maintaining a atrong navy
aa the beat conaervator of our peace with
other natlona and, the beat means of secur
ing respect for th assertion of our rights,
the defense of our Interest and th ex
creta of our Influence in international
matters.
International Policy Is Peace.
Our International policy la alwaya to
promote pear. W ahall enter Into any
war with x full conactouaneaa of the awful
consequent' that It always entails, whether
aucceasful or not, and. we, of course, ahall
make every effort, conalatent with national
honor and the highest national Intereat, to
avoid a resort to arma. W favor every In
strumentality, like that of The Hague
tribunal and arbitration treaties made with
a view to Ita use in all International con
troversies. In order- to maintain pc and
to avoid war. But w ahould be blind to
existing conditions, and ahould allow our
aelvea to beoom foolish Ideal lata. If we did
not realise that with all the nations of
th world armed and prepared for war., we
must be ourselves in a similar condition.
In order to prevent other nations from tak
ing advantage of tis and of our Inability to
defend our Interests and assert our rights
with a atrong hand. In the International
controversies that are likely to arise In th
orient, growing out of th question of the
open door and other , issues, the United
States csn maintain Its Interests intact and
can secure respect for Its Just demands. It
will not be able to do so, however. If it Is
understood that It never Intends to back up
Its assertion of right and lis defense of lis
Interest by anything but mere verbal pro
teat and diplomatic note. For these reaaona,
the expenaea of the army and navy and of
coaat defenses ahould alwaya be conaidered
aa something which the government muat
pay for, and they ahould not be cut off
through mere -.consideration of economy.
Our government la able to afford a aultabl
army and a sultsbl navy. It msy main
tain them without the slightest danger to
th republic or th cause of free institu
tions, and fear of additional taxation ought
not to change a proper policy In thl re
gard. The policy of th United States In the
Spanish war, and alncc, haa given it a posl
tton of influence among th nation that It
never bad before, and ahould be constantly
exerted to Securing to its bona fide citizens,
whether native or naturalised, respect for
them aa auch In foreign countries. Wi
should ntak every effort to prevent hu
miliating and degrading prohibition againat
any of our citizen wishing" temporarily to
THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: FRIDAY, MARCH
aojourn In foreign countries because of race
or religion.
Foreigners aad Mobs.
Th admission of Asiatic immigrants who
can not be amalgamated with our popu
lation has been made the subject either of
prohibitory clauses In our treaties and
statutes, or of strict admlnlstrstion regu
lation secured by diplomatic negotiation. I
sincerely .hope that w may continue to
minimize the evils likely to arise from such
Immigration without unnecessary friction
and by mutual concessions between self-
respecting governments. Mesntlme, we
must take every precaution to prevent, or.
falling that, to punish outbursts of race
feeling among our people against foreigners
of whatever nationality who have by our
grant a treaty right to pursue lawful busi
ness here and to be protected against law
less sssault or Injury.
This leada me to point out a serious de
fect 1n th present federal Jurisdiction which
ought to be remedied at once. Having as
sured to other countries by treaty the
protection of our laws for auch of their
subjects or citizens as we permit to come
within our "jurisdiction, we now leave to
a stats or a city, not under the control of
the federal government, th duty of per
forming our International obligation In
this respect. By proper legislation we may,
and ought to. place In the hands of the
federal executive the means of enforcing
the tresty rights of such aliena In the courts
of the federal government. It puts our
government in a pusillanimous position to
make definite engagements to protect
aliens snd then to excuse the failure to
perform those engagements by an ex
planation that the duty to keep them la In
atates or cltlea, not within our control. If
we would promise, we must put ourselves
In a position to perform our promise. W
cannot permit the possible failure of Justice
due to local prejudice In any state or
municipal government to expose us to th
risk of a war which might be avoided If
federal Jurisdiction was asserted by suitable
legislation by congress and carried out by
proper proceedings Instituted by the exe
cutive, in the courts of the national govern
ment.
Currency Reform
One of the reforms to be carried out
during the Incoming administration is a
change cf our monetary and banking laws,
so as to secure greater elasticity In the
forms available for trade, and to prevent
tho limitations of law from operating to
Increase ths embarrassments of a financial
panic. Th Monetary commission lately ap
pointed. Is giving full consideration to
existing conditions snd to sll proposed
remedies, and will doubtless suggest on
that will meet the requirements of business
snd of public Interest. We may hope that
the report will embody neither the narrow
view of those ' who believe that the sol
pur pos of the new system should be to se
cure a large return on banking capital or
of those who would have greater ex
pansion of currency with little regard to
provisions for its immediate redemption
or ultimata security. There ia no subject of
economic discussion so Intricate and so
likely to evoke differing views' and dog
matic atatements as this one. Th com
mission in studying the general Influence of
currency on business and of business on
currency, have wisely extended their In
vestigations in European banking ' and
monetary methods. The Information that
they have derived from auch experts as
they have found abroad will, undoubtedly,
be found helpful in the solution of th diffi
cult problem they have in hand.
Postal VaTlagr Baaka,
The incoming congress ahould promptly
fulfill the promise of th republican plat
form und pass a proper postal savings
bank bill. It will not be unwise or excessive
paternalism. The promise to repay by th
government will furnish an Inducement
to aavlnga depoatta which private enter
prise cannot supply, and at such a low rat
of Interest as not to withdraw custom
from exiatlng banks. It will substantially
Increase the funda available for Investment
aa capital In useful enterprises. It will fur
nish the absolute aecurlty which makes tho
proposed scheme of government guaranty
of deposits so alluring without Ita pernici
ous results.
Free Trad with Philippines.
I sincerely hope that the incoming con
gress will ba alive, aa it ahould be, to
the Importance of our foreign trad and
of encouraging It in every way feasible.
The possibility ot increasing this trade In
the orient. In the Philippines, and In South
America are known to everyone who has
given the matter attention. The direct ef
fect of free trade between this country
and the Philippine win be marked upon
our sale of cottons, agricultural machinery
and other manufacture. Th necessity of
the establishment of direct lines of steam
ers between North and South America ha
been brought to the attention of congress
by my predecessor, and by Mr. Root before
and after his noteworthy visit to that con
tinent, and I sincerely hop that congress
may be Induced to ae the wisdom of a
tentative effort to establish such lines by
the use of mail' subsidies.
The importance which th Department
of Agriculture and of Conunerc and Labor
may play In ridding th markets of Europe
of prohibition and discriminations against
th importation of our products Is fully
understood, and it is hoped thatth us of
the maximum and minimum feature of our
tariff law to be aoon passed will be effec
tive to remov many of thos restrictions.
Panama tsaal Project.
The Panama canal will have a most Im
portant bearing upon the trad between the
astern and the far western sections of our
country, and will gratly increase th facil
ities for transportation between the east
ern and the weatern aeaboard, and may
poaalbly revolutionise the tranacontlnental
rates with respect to bulky merchandise.
It will also have a moat beneficial effect
to lncreaae th trad between th eastern
seaboard of, ths United States and the west
ern coast of South America, and. Indeed,
with some of th Important port on th
east coaat of South America reached by
rail from th weat coaat s The work on
the canal la making moat satisfactory
progress. The type of th canal a a lock
canal was fixed by congress after a full
consideration of th conflicting report of
th majority and minority of th consulting
board, and after th recommendations of
the War department and th executive
upon those reports. Recent suggestions
that something had occurred on the isth
mus to make th lock lyp of th canal
lesa feasible than it was supposed to be
when the report wen mad and th policy
determined on, led to a visit to th Isthmus
of a board ot competent engineers to ex
amine th Uatun dam and locks which are
th key to the lock type. Th report of
that board shows that uuLhiug lias occurred
In th nature of newly revealed evidence
which ahould change th view one formed
In th original dlacuaatbn. Th conatructloa
will go on under a most effective organisa
tion controlled by Colonel Goethala and his
t
fellow army engineers associated with him
and will certainly b completed early In
the next administration, If not before.
Some type of canal muat be constructed.
The lock type haa been selected. We ar
all In favor of having It built aa promptly
a possible. We muat not now. therefore,
keep up a fire in th rear of the agents
whom we have authorized to do our work
on the Isthmus. We muat hold up their
handa, and speaking for the incoming ad
ministration. I wiah to ssy that I propose
to devote all th enetgy possible snd under
my control to the pushing of this work
cn th plans which hav been adopted, and
to stand behind the men who are doing
faithful hard woik to bring about the early
completion of this, the greatest construc
tive enterprise of modern times.
The governments of our dependencies In
Prosperity of Dependencies.
Porto Rico and the Philippines are pro
gressing as favorably as could be desired.
The prosperity of Porto Rico continues un
abated, The business conditions In the
Philippines are not all that we could wish
them to be. but with the passsge of th
new tariff bill permitting free trade be
tween the United States and the archi
pelago, with auch limitations In sugar and
tobacco as Shall prevent Injury to the do
mestic Interests on thoae producta, we can
count on sn Improvement In business con
ditions in the Philippines and the develop
ment of a mutually profitable trade be
tween this country and the lalands. Mean
time our government in each dependency
la upholding th tradltlone of civil liberty
and Increasing popular control which might
be expected under American auspices. The
work which we are doing there redounds
to our credit as a nation.
Attltade Toward the Sooth.
I look forwsrd with hop to Increasing
the already good feeling between the south
and th other sections of the country. My
Chief purpose ia not to effect a change in
th electoral vote of ths aouthern atatea.
That Is a secondary consideration. What
1 look forward to Is an Increase In the
tolerance of political views of all kinds
and their advocacy throughout the south,
and the existence of a reasonable political
opposition In every stale; even more than
this, to an Increased feeling on th part
of all the people In the south that this
government Is their government, and that
Its officers In their states are their offi
cers. Negro ttaestlon Important.
The consideration of this question cannot,
however, be complete and full without ref
erence to the negro race. Its progress and,
its present condition. The thirteenth amende
mnt aecured them freedom, the fourteenth
amendment due process of law, protection
of property and the pursuit of hspplness,
and th fifteenth amendment attempted to
ecu re the negro againat any deprivation
of the privileges to vote, because he was
a negro. Th thirteenth and fourteenth
amendment have been generally enforced
and hav aecured the objecta for which they
were Intended. While the fifteenth amend
ment haa not been generally obaerved In
the past, It ought to be observed, and the
tendency of southern legislation today Is
toward the enactment of electoral qualifi
cations wnlch shall square with that
amendment. Of course, th mere adoption
of a constitutional taw is only on step in
the right direction, i, It must be fairly and
justly enforced ss well. In time both will
come. Hence It Is clear to all that the
domination ot an - Ignorant, Irresponsible
element can be prevented by constitutional
laws which shall exclude from voting both
negroes and whites hot having education or
other qualifications thought to be necessary
for a proper electorate.. Th danger of the
control of an Ignbrant electbrate has there
fore passed. With this change, the Interest
which many of the sauthern white citizens
take In the welfare of th negroea haa In
creased. Th colored men must base their
hope on th results of their own Industry,
self-restraint, thrift and business success,
as well as upon th aid and comfort and
sympathy which they may receive from
their whit neighbor of the south. There
was a tlm when northerners who sympa
thised with the negro In his necesssry
struggle for better conditions sought to
give him th suffrage as a protection, and
to enforce It exercise against th prevail
ing sentiment of the south. Th movement
proved to be a failure. What remain Is
th fifteenth amendment to th constitution
and the right to have statutes of states
specifying qualifications for elector sub
jected to th test of compliance with that
amendment. This Is a great protection to
th negro. It never will be repealed, and It
never ought to be repealed. If It had not
been passed, it might be difficult now to
adopt It; but with It in oiur fundamental
law, the policy of southern legislation muat
and will tend to obey It, and ao long as
the statutes of the states meet the teat of
this smendment and are not otherwise In
conflict with the constitution and laws of
the United States, It Is not th disposition
or within th province of th federal gov
ernment to Interfere with the regulation by
southern states of thetr domestlo affairs.
There 1 In the south a stronger feeling
than ever among th Intelligent, well-to-do
and Influential element In favor of th in
dustrial education ot the negro and the en
couragement of the race to make them
aelvea useful members of th community.
The progress which th negro has msde
In the lsst fifty years from slavery, when
Its statistics are reviewed, 1 marvelous,
and It furnishes every reason to hope that
In the next twenty-ftve years a still greater
Improvement in his condition as a produc
tive member of society, on th farm, and
In th ahop, and In other occupations, may
come. Th negroes are now Americans.
Their ancestors came here years sgo
againat their will, and this Is their only
country and their only flag. They have
shown themselves anxious to live for It
and td die for It. Encountering the race
feeling against them, subjected at times to
cruel Injustice growing out of It, they may
well have our profound sympathy and aid
In th struggle they are making. We are
charged with ths sacred duty of making
their path as smooth and easy aa we can.
Any recognition of their distinguished men,
any appointment to office from among their
number. Is properly taken aa an encourage
ment, and an appreciation of their progress,
and this just policy shall be pursued
Recognition Wat the Mensedy.
But It may well admit of doubt whether.
In the case of any race, an appointment
of on of their number to a local office in
a community In which the raon feeling Is
so widespread and acute as to Interfere
with the ease and facility with which the
local government business csn be done by
th appointee, la of sufficient benefit by
wsy of encouragement to the race to out
weigh th recurrence and lncreaae of race
feeling which such an appointment la likely
to engender. Therefore, the executive In
recognising the negro race by appointments
must exercise a careful discretion not there-
by to do It more harm than good. On the
qlher hand we muat be careful not to en
courage th mere pretenae of race feeling
manufactured In the Interest of individual
ambition.
Personally I have not the slightest race
prejudice or feeling, and recognition of lla
xtatenc only awakens In my heart a
deeper sympathy for those who hav ta
bear it or auffer from It. and I question
the wisdom of a policy which is likely to
Inereaae It. Meantime, if nothing ia done
to prevent, a better feeling between the
negroe and th whites in th south will
continue t grew, and more and more of the
whit people will 'come to realise that the
19(19.
future of the south Is lo be mm h benefited
by th Industrial and Intellectual progress
of the hrgro. The exercise of politics! fran
chises by those of ills r'e who are In
telligent and well-t' -do will b aoiulosced
in. and the, right to vole will be withheld
only from the Ingnorant and Irresponsible
of both races.
Protection fer Workers.
There Is one other mutter to which 1 shall
refer. It was made the subject of great
controversy during the election, and calls
for at least a passing reference new. My
distinguished predecessor has given much
attention to the cause of labor, with whose
struggle for better things he has shown the
slncerest sympathy. At his instance, con
gress lias psssed the bill fixing the lia
bility of Interstate carriers to their em
ployes for Injury sustained In the course
of employment, abolishing the rule of fellow-servant
ahd common law rule as to
contributory negligence, and substituting
therefor the so-called rule of comparative
negligence. It has also passed a law fixing
the compensation of government employes
or Injuries sustained In the employ of the
government through the negligence of th
superior. It also passed a model child labor
law for the District of Columbia. In pre
vious administrations sr. srbltrstion law
for tnterstste commerce railroads and their
employes, and lawa for the application of
aafey devlcea to save he lives and limbs
of employes of Interstate railroads had
been passed. Additional legislation cf this
kind was passed by the outgoing congress.
I wish to say that In ao far aa I can, 1
hope to promote the enactment of further
legislation of this character. I am atrongly
convinced that the government should make
Itself aa responsible to employes Injured In
Its employ as an Interstate railway cor
poration la made responsible by federal
law to Its employes; and I shall be glad,
whenever any additional reasonable safety
device can be Invented to reduce the loss
of life and limb among railway employes,
to urge congress to require Its adoption by
interstate railways.
Conrts and the talons.
Another labor question hsa arisen which
haa awakened the most excited discussion.
That is in respect to the power of the fed
eral courts to issue injunctions In Industrial
disputes. As to that, my convictions are
fixed. Take away from courts, if it could
be taken away, the power lo issue injunc
tions In labor disputes, and it would create
a privileged class among the laborers and
save the lawless among their number from
a moat needful remedy available to all men
for the protection of their business against
lawlesa Invasion. 'Die proposition that
business Is not a property or pecuniary
right which can be protected by equitable
Injunction Is utterly without foundation In
precedent or reason. The proposition is
usually linked with one to make the r.ec
ondary boycott lawful. Such a proposition
Is st variance with the American Instinct
and will find no support in my Judgment
when submitted to tho American people.
Th secondary boycott ia an instrument of
tyranny, and ought not to be made legiti
mate. The Issuing ,of a temporary restraining
order without notice has In several In
stances been abused by its Inconsiderate
exercise, and to remedy this, the platform
upon which I was elected recommends the
formulation In a statute of the conditions
under which such a temporary restraining
order ought to Issue. A statute ran and
ought to be framed to embody the best
modern practice, and can bring the subject
so closely to the attention of the court as
to make .ibuvs of the process unlikely In
the future. American people, If I under
stand them. Insist that the authority of the
courts shall be auatained and arc opposed
to any change in the procedure by which
the powers of a court may be weakened
and the fearless and effective administra
tion of Justice be Interefered with.
Having thus review the questions likely
to recur during my administration, and
having expressed In a summary way the
position which I expect to take In recom
mendations to congress and In my conduct
as an executive, I Invoke th considerate
ympathy and support of my fellow citi
zens and the aid of Almighty Ood In the
discharge of my .sponsible dalles.
FIRMAMENT LIGHTED WITH HUE
Maltltndrs of Watchers See Aeton lett
ing; Display of Fireworks.
WASHINGTON, March 4.-Hlstoric Penn
sylvania avenue Is a blase with light to
night. The committee having In charge
the Illuminations and the merchants oc
cupying business houses along Us length
have vied with each other in producing
the most brilliant display. Across the
109 feet of roadway are a large number
of electric festoons. The Peace monu
ment, for the first time alnce Its erection
soon after the cloae of the civil war, la
being put to the use for which it origi
nally was intended that of a fountain.
The cornice and beams of the treasury
building are outlined In incandescent
lamps, as is the postofflce building. The
private business blocks for their mile of
length are, as a rule, festooned and out
lined with electric lamps.
Approximately 260,000 people tonight gazed
with wide-eyed wonder and delight at
what, no doubt, was the finest display
of aerial fireworks ever seen at the na
tional capital. Th exhibition waa given
on the ellipse south of the executive man
sion. "The Silver Glory" waa a special fea
ture of the display. One hundred large
bomb, which were fired to a great height,
contained a compound which la aaid to
produce the brighteat light known to
science. In lis wonderful brilliance the
pillar a of the old Lee mansion at Arling
ton cemetery, two mllea away, could be
seen aa plainly aa In broad daylight. The
White houae, the state, war and navy
buildings, the rapltol and other great struc
tures, and the crowds of people on roofs
and at windows, were plainly visible.
A humorous number waa the "Whistling
Coons." the'ahells In their flight whistling
In different keya. An Imnnense aliell.
which was fired several hundred feet Into
the air. released a monater atreamer In
the Inaplring colors of Old Olory. During
these moments the nstional salute was
fired. Then came two miles of floating
festoons, which were followed by the as
rent of four large balloons, each bearing
a gigantic letter forming the name "Taft."
Nearly the last and the greatest sensa
tion of th while exhibition waa a set
piece, "The Battle In the Sky." showing
a city with Ita apires and lofty buildings,
some of them W feet high and filling a
space on the ground HK feet long. An
airship I aeen passing over It, followed
by others. These turn and are met by an
opposing aerial fleet, whin a battle en
auet rm airship after another Is aet on
fire and falle. In the meantime other
airship floa' over the city. dr-pilng fiery
bombs, wrecking the bulldlnga, which
crumble and fall until l r utterly de
stroyed. Pare Foods aad Pare Medicine
mean better, healthier, happier people. It
has been proved, however, thst all medi
cines are not adulterated and worthless
any mora than ar all food products.
Th wheat haa been sifted from th chaff,
and such medicines ss I-ydia E. Plnkham's
Vegetable Compound, which ia made from
roots and herbs and compiles with all con
ditions of the pur food and drugs law, will
continue in hold lis place aa th standard
American remedy for female ilia.
5.
BLUE JACKETS BURN 'EM IP
Returned Sailori of the Great Fleet
Win the Big Crowd.'
THOUSANDS MARCH IN SNOW
(illmpses ot Noted aad Intone Ur
banisations Seen Antes Thirty
Thousand Marchers la the
Ineugaral Parade,
Kl LLKT1.
WASHINGTON, March i.-Ky 2 p. m. a
large street cleaning fcrc had cleared th
central part cf Pennsylvania avenu of
snow, which, in anticipation of the parade,
has been completely choked with thou
ssnda who had' gathered In spite of th
slush. '
WASHINGTON. March 4-ln spite of
sleet and enow thousands of march
ing men participated today In th
great military and Iclvic pageant, which
constituted the principal spectacular fea
ture of the presidential Inaugural ceremony.
Approximately 26,000 of these were soldiers,
sailors and marine of the military estab
lishments of the United States, bodies ot
the national guard of many atatea, With
large contingents of spruce cadets and
midshipmen from the national military and
naval academies.
Numerically, the Inaugural parade today
waa not so large aa that which marched
along historic Pennsylvania avenue' from
the capltol to the Whit Houae when
Grover Cleveland, the only democratic
president of th United Stale alnce the
civil war, was Inducted Into office th first
time. The parade today, however, had a
distinctive and Impressive quality which no
similar pageant ever possessed. This year
each state represented sent the cream of Its
citizen soldiery and the finest of its civic
organizations to do honor to William How
ard Taft and James Schoolcraft Sherman,
the new president and vice president of the
United States.
Daasltnar l.ane of White aad Green.
Lining Pennsylvania avenue from th
capitol to the White House were Immense
staiids for spectators and many were oc
cupied , in spite of tn storm.
Every . vantage point in window
and on house-top was taken when the head
of the magnificent column of thirty odd
thousand men swung around the curve at
th Peace monument and straightened out
for Its mure-than-a-mlle-long march to,
through and beyond th brilliant Court of
Hcr.or.
Almost every person on th sidewalks
or in ths buildings along the rout of
the parade carried a miniature star
spangled banner, attached to a golden ataff.
These were waved with right good will
and no better evidence of the patriotism of
th American people and th popularity of
th new president and vice president could
hav been afforded than the reception
which greeted the organizations as th pro
cession swept down tho snow-covered
street.
After Major General J. franklin Bell, the
grand marshal of the parade, accompanied
by his. brilliantly uniformed ataff, had
passed and been accorded a vociferous
greeting, the crowds settled down, with fin
discrimination, to applaud thos organisa
tions which appealed most distinctly to
them.
Sailor Held Heart Interest.
In previous inaugural parades the 'mid
shipmen from the Naval academy. at Ann
apolis and the oadets from the Military
academy at West Point hav won th
greatest popular approval. Today . they
war no less favorites than formerly
among both residents and visitors, but in
heart interest they were eclipsed by th
detachment of S.S00 sailors from the great
fleet of American battleships now anchored
In the waters ot Hampton Roads, just re
turned from their world-enelroling, epoch
making cruise of fourteen months. Tanned
these men wer by tropical suns, lithe,
active and hard aa nails through th rigid
ity of their work and discipline, and as
they marched down the flag-flecked lane,
with the sailor man's quick, active step, to
the accompaniment of Inspiring music from
their own bands, th throngs became nearly
hysterical In the manifestation of their
appreciation. As they swung along in
lively, happy fashion, accustomed now as
they ar to th adulation of thousands,
they were evidently pleased with the deep
chested roar that greeted them from the
open throats of a 100,000 Americana their
fellow-countrymen. In thia way did th
American people, as represented In the na
tion's capital, express their pride In th
men who. In time of peace, had won un
dying fame in far-off countries.
These "men behind th guns" furnished
merely one of tho interesting features ot
th parade. Eighteen governor of aa many
states, who had Journeyed to Washington to
do honor to the nation's chief executive,
appeared In the pageant surrounded by
handsomely caparisoned staffs. Sllk-hatted,
frock-coated and dignified, these men,
chouen beyond their fellow citizens, were
accorded everywhere a cordial reception
by the cheering crowds.
Veterans and Volaateers.
There was tremendous applause, too, for
all organizations, civil and military. In the
line. Among them several regiments of
khaki'-clad soldiers of the United States
army, only recently returned from Cuba,
and other regln.tr.ta that hav won honor
in wars and In plains fighting with In
dians, attracted nctable attention. Among
the stat troop wer detachment of th
National Guard of Connecticut, Florida,
Georgia, Maine, Maasachusetts, Maryland,
Missouri, Minnesota, New Tork, New
Jeraey, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia.
Borne of th mor distant states sent sev
eral companies of their guard, while most
of them were represented by regiments, and
Maryland and Pennsylvania by brlgadea.
Th famous Troop A, of Cleveland, O., a
national guard organisation, constituted the
special guard of honor to President Taft,
aa It had to the late President McKlnley.
Maryland's repreaentattve Included th hls
torlo fifth regiment ot Baltimore, and Vir
ginia had In line the Richmond Blues, a
light Infantry organisation that rendered
conspicuous service, on many occasions.
During the civil war it rendered service to
I and Stonewall Jackson for the confed
eracy. It waa mustered In for the Spanish
war, but did not get to th front.
tenth Bark to Its Own.
Among other noted military organizations
In the parade wer th Richmond Hussars,
a cavalry command of Augusta, Ga., and
th cadet regiment from th YlrglnU Mili
tary insUtul, popularly known as "Th
West Point ot th South," which supplied
many ot th high commissioned officer
for th confederate army In th civil war.
Following th military divisions, marched
th civic organisations with ths Americus
Club of Pittsburg a uniformed club noted
In a seor of campalgna a th special es
cort of Major Thomas P Morgan, material
of ths civic division. Thl part ot the
pageant was heralded as th "Prosperity
brigade" and Included in it wer many or.
ganisatlOB which, for 'years, hav beca
regular attendants upon national conven
tions and Inaugural csremonles. Bora or
ganisation were In line, however, that
never before bad visited Waahingtoa and
lueir k-avsr marching aud attractive uni-
forms caught and held th fancy th
throngs. Among the wr th 'Pick,
snlnnv band." composed of colored orphan
boys of South Carolina; the "Sherman
Scouts." of I tics. N. T.. carrying at th.
hed of their lln a huge oil painting of their
neighbor, Vice President Sherman.
leading at the rear a g-"y caparisoned
Blllv goaf; an "Alligator band" from
lulalana; a -Tossum club" from Georgia
jml a Taft club, too strong, from th sm
stste; the New York reaubMcati county
committee. 1,000 wrong;, th Colurnbu.
(Ohio) Gle club, K men, probably th bst
political musical organisation In th coun
try; an "Unci Sam club." of Buffalo,
each of Its 10 members attired In th con
ventional Unci Sam coslum; th Bug
House Hose company of Long Island;
President Rooeevelt's neighbors, and many
others
The Minneapolis Flambeau club, on of
the most spectacular organisation la the
country, alao appeared In this division of
the parade; and not th least Important
feature of th clvio division wer th rep
resentative of aevaral campt of confed
erate veterans, now grim and gray, some of
whom wor their old-time uniforms and
carried their shot-riddled flags. '
Hnaters Replace Roaajk Rider.
Four yeai ago, a conaplcuous feature
of the Inaugural pared waa mad up of
rough rider. Today their pJaoe wad takan
In th pageant by contingent of gentlemen
rider from the fox-hunting district of
Mai. viand and Virginia, all clad In regula
tion pink coat and black cap. They war
mounted on th finest horses "that were
shown in th parade. ' all thoroughbreds,
aatln-coated and handsome.
Preceding the great parade' this after
noon, th pageant ot the morning'' whioii
conducted Ptesldent Taft and Vlc'Prai
dent Sherman to the capltol, th former
acoom panted by President Roosevelt, while
not so brilliant not so spectacular waa
swift to arouse In the mind of the great
crowds the stirring events of nearly half
a century ago. President Taft had a hla
personal escort and guard of honor, the
Troop A, the black horse troop. Of Cleve
uand, but a special eacort of honor he
had the veteran aoldlera and aallors of the
Grand Army of the Republic, th men who
fought th nation's battles when to do so.
trlsd men's souls. Accompanying them was
that contingent of younger soldiers, the
Spanish war veterans. In th division, too.
were the organisations of the army and
navy union.
It was a tumultuous reception which the
throngs gav th incoming and outgoing
presidents, and it waa a cordial and heart
felt greeting which they reverently ac
corded to that toorapldly diminishing band
of men who In tlm of war wer willing to
lay1 down their live for th nation and In
tlm of peac join with th country In hon
oring the nation's president. .
COURT OF HOA OR GREAT FEATURE
Central Effect of Decoration Win
Warns Approval.
WASHINGTON, March .-Almot from
tlm Immemorial, th newly Inducted presi
dent ot ths United States has reviewed the
Inaugural parade from a stand In front,
of th Whit House. It is fitting that tbia
should be mad th focal point of the great
function. Here, from Fifteenth street to
Seventeenth street on Pennsylvania avenue,
the Taft Inaugural commute haa designed
a court of honor, which. In symbolical ef
fect and beauty of construction, surpasses
all previous effort in street decorative
work In the national capital.
This work haa been th particular care
of the commute on street dcoratlons, of
which B. W. Dunn, Jr., Is th chairman.
Associated with him ar many architect
of national reputd. They hav collaborated
and after much study hav produced a
scheme which la a masterpiece of archi
tectural art;' a superb decorative scheme,
beautiful in design and finish, and thor
oughly typical of the strength and pros
perity of th country. J
.From Fifteenth street to Seventeen! a
street ther Is a stretch of about 1,800 feet.
Pennsylvania avenua, between these points,
Is intersected by two cross streets; Madi
son Plac on tho east of the axis of th
Whit House and Jackson. Place on the
west. Directly on th axis of th Whit
House and directly in front Of It is th
president's reviewing stand, accommodating
approximately 1.000 people and opposite to
It la th Lafayette squar stand, accom
modating about 1,000 people. Th stands ar
designed artistically and, although only,
temporary, ar In keeping with th archi
tectural treatment of the court of honor.
Venetian masts, surmounted with gilded
baskets bearing greenery and flowers and
festooned with gaily colored streamers, ex
tend the entire length of both sides of
Pennsylvania avenue. They are spaced
thirty feet apart and ar Joined together
wf(h looped garlands of laurel leave and
flower. At th Intersection of Msdlscn
plac and Jackson place, on each' aid of
th four corner are large pylons', fifty'
feet high. These pylons hay th form of
massic Doric columns on tall pedtstals ind
wide-spreading base. Bight In number,
they form, as It were, the entrances and
exit gatea of the court of honor.
The pylon ar constructed of framework
and staff, painted whit and certain por
tion of th staff ornament Is gilded. All
of th column are decorated with laurel
leaf, flowers and gilded rope. At the base
of each column ia a cartouche with the
American eagle bearing a trophy of silk 4
flags. Around each pylon are Venetian
masts arranged in a elrcl aad on them
ar trophies with' 'th gilded American
eagle perched on a golden labej bearing
the names of Taft and Sherman alternately.
Below the names Is a ba relief portrait
of Taft and Sherman. .
The pylons at eaeh street Intersection hare
stretched betwen them and diagonally at
a height of forty feet above th ground
laurel leaf garlands of masajr slse. and
festooned below. the garland of leave sr
smaller garland of flower. At given points
th garlanda ar ornamented with gilded
discs with looped gilded rope and tasselt.
In th center of each span directly ovr
th canter of each street, ar Idiimhh
trophies of tho seal of th United Stat,
Th diagonal festoons hav at their Inter
section an Immense whit ball ornamented
with looped garlands of. exquisite green,
studded with eleotrlc lamp. Whit and
green constitute ths official colors of the
entire inaugural crmony.
Each pylon Is surmounted with a hug
gilded baskst filled with parms aad flower
and lighted with Incandescent lamp. A
line of eleotrle lamp extends along vry
festoon or garland, so that- at alght th
general lln of th decoration win be
preserved in all of their artlatio beauty.'
Wherever the American flag I used It
is used preparly, breaking fre to the wind
or grouped 1 in th form of trophies. The
general color achem of whit gnd green
Is preserved, however, and natural greens
and white flowera hav been employed In
prodigal profusion.. 11 was regarded that aa
a background for th brilliant ' trainra
sr.d flsgs no mor beautiful combination
of color waa possible.
"My l-yr-o'.d boy wag badly consti
pated, had a high fever and w lo ah
awful condition. I gav hla two do of
Foley's Ortno Laxatlv and tho aect nra
tng th fvr waa gon aad ho waa entirety
well, roley's Orlno' Laxative oared his
I1f." A. Welhush, Castmsr, Wk PW sol
by; all druggist .. .
i
j!
r i
f