c
THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: SEPTEMBER 27, 190S.
IN THE FIELD OF ELECTRICITY
Some of the Possibilities of the Wire
lest Telephone Explained.
ELECTRIC HEATING IN THE HOMES
rroirrm that l Rrlaalaa; the Font
1'ltBla ftaaa;e of Kroaomlcal
t'tllltr for Danntl
Pirpowii,
The report of the progress said to have
been mads bjr Valdemar Poulsen In hi de
velopment of the wireless telephone, while
laklg confirmation, has served to renew
Interest In this recently Invented method
of communication. Poulsen Is reported as
having maintained communication over a
distance of 300 miles.
If he has actually accomplished that feat,
reports the New York Times, he has out
dam! anything that has been accomplished
on this side of the Atlantic with the wire
less Instrument, and those who have been
developing It here believe that they have
accomplished much. The American record
11 far Is the successful transmission of
a message from the laboratory In New York
to the steamship Montgomery of the Ward
line, outward bound for Cuba. Communica
tion was maintained until the vessel wa 15
miles out from port.
Although many of a scientific and of a
practical turn of mind had been working
on this offshoot of wireless telegraphy,
very little had been heard of the wire
less telephone until the navy adopted the
system and Installed It on the sixteen bat
tleships which Admiral Evan led to the
Pacific. The chief engineer of the com
pany made the ocean-to-ocean trip, and In
a letter to the general manager says exuberantly:
"We, or rather the boys In the fleet, have
made some dandy records with the sets.
On the morning of May 9, before coming
up the bay of San Francisco, the operator
on watch on the Connecticut talked to the
Pacific fleet, lying at Mare Island, a dis
tance of thirty-five miles, with about
elKhtcen miles of land Included. Yerba
Duena Island also reported healing the
Connecticut loud enough to read and un
derstand every word spoken. Tills distance
Is about fifty miles from where we were
laying.
"I now have a station Installed at ferry
terminal, San Francisco, and have eight
navy operators to stand watches, from t
a. m, to 9 p. m. every day. These men
were detailed by the chief of staff United
States Atlantic fleet and approved of by
Admiral Thomas.
"There are to be some changes made In
the fleet, and If the Maine and Alabama
arc left behind their telephone seta are to
go on whatever ships take their places.
And It Is probable that If the torpedo boats
lay up In the Mare Island navy yard their
sets will be taken off and Installed on ships
of the Paclflo fleet, so as to be of use
both for practice of the operator and com
munication." The Ellsworth company, which Is ener
getically pushing the system, promises to
be In a position next spring, when an east
ern man wishing to communulcate with a
friend navigating the Great Iakes, may
apply to the nearest long-distance tele
phone booth and In a few minutes be In
direct communication. The telephone peo
ple would at first ascertain the neighbor
hood of the vessel, and would then swllcli
the connection to the nearest wireless tele
phone station, and that station would make
connection with the steamer.
Negotiations are also under wy looking
to the equipping of railroads with the de
vice. Mr. daunt, the assistant general
manager of the Bante Fe, Is now In San
Francisco Investigating the work done by
the instruments on the voyage of the fleet
from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
One feature of the device which does not
seem to be generally understood Is that a
vessel equipped with a wireless telegraph
apparatus may communicate with one
which carries only a wireless telephone In
strument, and vice versa. Another popular
misconception Is that the wireless 'phone
can work only over water. Hut recent ex
periments have shown that It Is equally
adaptable for land. The reason so little has
been heard of It by landsmen Is that the
land field Is already so fully occupied by
the telephone companies whose messages
are carried by wire.
Meanwhile the wireless telegraph people,
particularly the Marconi company, are
making constant strides, and day by day
Increasing the celerity and certainty of
aerial messages.
The transmitting apparatus, the sensi
tive receiving device, and last but not least
the directive arrangements whereby Im
pulses are transmitted in a given direction,
Invented, worked out and patented by
Marconi, are chiefly the means whereby
these wonderful results have been obtained
Kleetrle R(i Heater.
A Jersey City Inventor has produced an
electric egg beattr for hotels and restaur
ants where eggs are used In large quan
tities. Like most electrical devices, It Is a
ease of you press the button and the ma
chine does the rest. The beater consists
of a vertical support, with an arm holding
the egg beater shaft Below this Is an
adjustable bracket, provided with a bowl,
In which the eggs' are placed. By pressing
the button the beater la set to revolving
swiftly In the bowl, and quickly produces
the desired result.
Kleetrle Heatlaaj.
Although, In Its physical aspect, the
utilisation of electrical energy to produce
light Is so closely allied to electric heating
as to be nearly Identical with It, the prac
tical consideration which differentiate
these two branches of engineering have led
the public to welcome the one and only ten
tatively to accept the other. For special
conditions, electric heating has, no doubt,
been effective, but for general purposes It
has made little progress. The difference
in the comparative degrees of public favor
may be assigned primarily to the relative
oosta, but It Is also to be remembered that
while, as regards lighting, the majority of
users are content with the attainment of
the single object, clean, oool, steady, and
sufficient Illumination, as regard heating
they look for an equipment that for mod
erate outlay will cook their food, supply
them with hot water, warm the air about
them, and ventilate their dwellings. If
the question of cost of electrical energy I
set aside, the design of apparatus for any
one of these specific purposes Is compara
tively simple; the real difficulty for the
engineer, however. Is to provide apparatus
which shall combine the power of a
kitchen range with the cleanness, control
and capabilities of ventilation, that will be
attained when electric heating become as
popular as electric lighting. Progress must
be looked for along two line that, 1 a
measure, converge. Electrical energy must
Itself be cheapened, and electrical heating'
apparatus must be adopted to the widely
varying function required of a heating
plant, at moderate outlay for equipment,
repair and maintenance. Coal fires and
gas have at present so much In their favor
that electric heating must for a long time
take a secondary position. The general
adoption of electric beating, however,
would no doubt favorably Increase the load
and the power faotor of electricity supply
stations.
Throughout Germany and Continental
Europe, the prevailing method of heating
room I by mean of large ornamental
tile stove, which reach nearly to the
celling, and have a large heating surface
at a rather moderate temperature. These,
of course, are usually Intended for wood or
coal. A system of electric heating adapted
to these stoves has, however, recently been
brought out In Berlin. An electric radiator
Is mounted inside the stove, so that It will
rapidly heat the walls by a circulation of
the enclosed air. The heat Is given off
from the exterior tile surface of the stove,
and this is thus tempered so a to avoid
the dry high-temperature effect. As the
average cost of current In Germany Is
about 4 cent per k. w. hour, thl system
seem to have pened up a promising field
for electric heating in that country. It Is
stated that an average-sized room can be
heated in one hour, and will then remain
warm for a considerable period, a the tiles
retain their heat for a long time. If so,
why not dodo the room In tile, and do
away with the fireplace altogether?
Hick Voltage.
On the lines of the Muskegon-Grand Rap
Ids Power company, which already held
the existing record of 72,000 volts, the ten
sion has now been raised to 110,000 volts.
This is due to the use of the suspension
type of insulator whlcli.i render . it easy
to deal with pressures , which were pre
viously considered to be almost Impossible.
The pin Insulator, when constructed of
dimensions adequate for very high voltage,
become unwieldy and mechanically
troublesome, while the use of the suspen
sion Insulator actually leads to Improve
ment in line construction. It Is pointed
out that a the use of more distant powers
becomes necessary the employment of ex
eremely high voltages will be much more
frequent, and that It Is possible that lines
may eventually be of such length as to be
a material fraction of the natural wave
length corresponding to the frequency.
This may give rise to a new class of
troubles which will render new devices
needful.
rioaeer of Eleetorlal Selcaec.
In one of the locked alcove, of the library
of Princeton university Is a manuscript
volume of some seventy-six page written
by Prof. Joseph Henry the famous elec
toral sclertlst, giving an account of his
researches while a professor at Princeton.
He was called from Albany to the chair of
natural philosophy, or physics as It Is now
called, at Princeton In 1832 and remained
there until IMS during which period he
made some of hi most remarkable antici
pations of modern electrical science such
a for example wireless telegraphy. In 1848
he went to Washington to organise the
had
Rmlthaonlan Institution of which h
been appointed the first secretary.
In 187. two year before hi death, he
wa asked to write an account of hi work
at Princeton. Thl I the document now in
the university library.
It was across the university campus that
he strung the first, telegraph wire ever
operated In America. ' A year of two before
h left Albany he had been working at his
Invent Ion of the electro magnetic telegraph
for transmitting signals at a distance
whereby dot might be made on paper and
bell struck, Indicating letter of the alpha
bet. He refused to patent the Invention on
the ground that It was incompatible with
the dignity of science to confine the prob
able benefit to the use of any one In
dividual. In hi statement he aaya: "I
think the first actual line of telegraph
using the earth as a conductor wa made
In the beginning of 1838. A wire wa ex
tended across the front campus from the
upper story of the college library building
to the philosophical hall on the other,
Through thl wire signals were sent from
time to time from my house to my laboratory."
Portions of Prof. Henry" electrical
apparatus are still In the university
museum, among them being -his giant
electro magnet nicknamed "Big Ben" by
the students for whom he constructed it.
ENGLISH LANDMARK WILL GO
Stx-Ceatary-Old Ism to Give "Way
to Modern Baataes
Block.
LONDON, Sept. 26. (Special.) If the
plan of the present owner of Clifford'
Inn hold good London will soon lose an
other of It old landmarks. Nowaday the
new that thl old gray city ha lost "an
other landmark" I so frequently heard
that It 1 a wonder there are any link
with past centuries left. Changes are not
what an American would oall unduly rapid
In thl city, but those picturesque old
places associated with even so recent a
celebrity as Dickens, have now almost
wholly given away to the march of the
builder.
Clifford' Inn Is situated In the heart of
Fleet street and In the part of London
known as "Johnson's." Within hailing dis
tance stood the famous public houses that
Boswell's hero used so frequently to visit,
and a few pace away stands the "Che
shire Cheese," the restaurant which 1 still
pointed out to credulous Americans, in
particular, as the author' favorite eating
place, and where one may even see the
spot made on the wall by the greasy head
of the writer. Indeed, In Clifford's Inn It
self, Lamb, Scott, Coleridge and Southey
were frequent visitors, and In one of the
rooms lived for a time. Sir Edward Coke,
the prosecutor of Essex; Raleigh, and the
gunpowder plot conspirators and the great
authority on English jurisprudence.
But Clifford' Inn dates from a time con
siderably before these famous men. As a
matter. of fact It Is very nearly 600 years
old, having been built In 1310. Thus It I
the oldest of the Chancery Inns. In 1344,
at the death of the widow of the fifth
Baron de Clifford, to whom it was granted
by Edward II, it became a residence for
law students at an annual rental of about
SCO. Up to five years ago, when the Inn
was sold at auction to William Wlllett for
1100,000, it still was more or less Intimately
connected with the law, but of late years
the legal fraternity have given way to
journalist and architects.
The old buildings have many historical
associations. For Instance, It was in the
ancient hall that Sir Matthew Hale sat to
adjust the boundaries of the city of Lon
don after the great fire of 1068. A docu
ment still in existence contains a list of
the rules "for the honorable government
of the new inn, near Chancery lane" and
is said to date back to 1479. Some of the
rules are very amusing and many of them
are still In force. By this list we find that
"The steward for the time being shall
hut the gate of the Inn at 9 o'clock In
general, or at the latest between 9 and 10.
"Dinner time during vacation to be 11 of
the clock, and in term time, noon.
"Any man bringing a strange man Into
the butterle or pantry in the time of din
ner or supper to drink shall be fined 6
pence for every time of offending.
"For every word of ribaldry spoken In
the hall during dinner or supper a fine of
1 farthing. .
"No member of the Inn shall break Into
the butterle or through the gates after
they have been shut; or play at or keep
dice, cards or any ridiculous amusement
or unlawful game; or receive, keep, or
bring Into the Inn any dog called a grey
hound, grey bitch, spaniel or mastiff; or
write, cut or scratch upon the tables in the
hall."
The property cover about an acre of
ground fronting on Fetter lane and Chan
cery lane and abutting on the Record of
fice. Mr. Wlllett, who has been unsuc
cessfully trying to find a purchaser since
he acquired the property Intends to erect
a modern business block upon It.
3C
LUTHER DRAKE,
rUSIOENT
FRISK T. HAMILTON,
VICI-PIESIBINT
F. P. HAMILTON.
ASSI CaSBIU
B. H. MEILE,
ISTTCtSUU
The
erchanfs National
of Omaha, ISJeb.
UNITED STATES DEPOSITORY
Bank
Capital and Surplus,
Deposits, - - -
$800,000
$6,500,000
LUTHER DRAKE
FRANK T. IIAMILT0N
JOHN F. C0AD
GEO. S. ROGERS
G. E. PRITCDETT
A STRONG, CONSERVATIVE INSTITUTION
PARTICULAR ATTENTION PAID TO AIL BANKING BUSINESS
ENTRUSTED TO OUR CARL
i
'- ,aaamaaaaawaaamaaaaaMaaaaaaaaa f J
U . -1
FOUNDED 1888.
CHARTER NO. SOD.
NATIONALIZED 1863.
OFFICERS:
0. T. Kountze,
President.
F. H. Davis,
Vice-President.
L. L. Kotintze,
2d Vice-President,
T. L. Davis,
Cashier.
Irving Allison,
Astft.' Cashier.
Capital and Surplus,
$1,000,000
DIRECTORS:
f
!J if It f Jhy
E. M. Andreesen
J. D. Creighton
F. H. Davis
T. L. Davis
0. B. Kountze "
0. T. Kountze
L. L. Kountze '
W. A. Partem, Jr.
W. S. Poppleton.
4, ".
The Oldest National Bank in Nebraska
The first charter taken out In Nebraska, under the National
Banking Act of 1863, was the one obtained by "Kountxe Brothers,"
who, for nearly seven years previous to the time, had been operating
In Omaha as private bankers. The charter number (209) shows that
they were among; the first fn the country to realize the wisdom of
that act nd avail themselves of It The charter was received on
August 26, 1863, and the bank organized with Edward Crelghton,
President; Herman Kountze, Vice-President; August Kountze, Cash
ier. Sinoe4fcat time the bank has been serving its customers in such
a way that each year has shown a steady increase In Its business.
This has been accompanied, from time to time, by the necessary In
crease In capital, so that the fixed assets of the business might show
a proper proportion to the deposits.
There have been remarkably few changes among the officers of
the business, the newer officers having, without exeption, grown up
in the work, with the result that there has been a constant increase
in the experience and ability of the management, thus insuring the
most intelligent care and attention to the Interests of all customers.
It counts as valued customers, not only a large number of firms
and individuals In Omaha but also a constantly increasing number
of banks and bankers throughout the west, who find It convenient
and advantageous to carry large balances here, against which they
may make their drafts for their local customers, in ettlement of
purchases from Omaha's rapidly growing manufacturing and.Jobbtng
trade.
The bank has always kept fully abreast of the times in Its facllt.
ties for handling each department of its work.
This bank was the first in Omaha to establish an exclusive
LAIHKS' HKPAUTMKXT. This department Is in charge of ladles, la
especially equipped for the accommodation and exclusive use of lady,
patrons, and has proven very popular.
This bank was the first in the city to put In thoroughly up-to-date
SA1KTV DEPOSIT VAClTS, in which are boxes of various
sizes for the safe-keeping of papers and other small items; also ator
age vaults for tiMnks and other large package. ' ,
Realizing the Increasing coemopolitian character of the city, this
bank, years ago, established A FOREIGN EXCHANGE PEPART
MKXT, which is in charge of an expert llnquist so that careful at
tention can be given to all customers desiring to make remittances
to any country. '
The steady increase In the number of Certificates of Deposit
(hearing Interest at 3) shows that people desiring to have their
surplus funds employed at a reasonable rate of Interest,' appreciate
having such funds in the hands of a bank of the known strength
and solidity of the
First National Bank of Omaha
United States Depository.
Thirteenth end Farnam Sts.
MISS PECK'S RECORD CLIMB
Obstacles on Mount Hnascan Men
Could Not Overcome.
DANGERS SHE MET ON WAY UP
Moantala Moat Speetaealar it Nat
- Hla-fcjeat la Andes Attempt to
Reach It Summit Made
by Hei.
The Andes of Peru attain their greatest
elevation between eight and ten degree
south of the Equator. The loftiest peaks
are found In the Cordillera Nevada or
White mountains. All these surpassing
summit rise to 20,000 feet and the tallest
and whitest of the rtately range Is Mount
Huaacan. which is' over 22,000 feet high.
Thi mountain, with it two peaks, is
one of the giants of the Ande. Very few
photograph of Huascan are accessible.
Some of thein show the two peaks, but
other even more impressive picture of the
mountain were taken from point where
only one of the peaks can be distinguished.
It Is this mountain that Miss Annie S. Peck
Is said to have recently ascended to its
highest point.
Mount Huascan has several names. The
Indians call it Matara-racu, its popular
name In Peru Is Huuscaran, but practically
all geographers write the name Huascari
as Ralmondl called it when he wrote tho
first description of the mountain.
On account of the customary clearness of
the atmosphere the mountain usually ap
pears much nearer to the observer than
it really is. On a clear, day it may be seen
from far out in the Pacific; and from every
good point of view it Is, for several reasons,
one of the most Impressive sights in South
America.
In the first place. It Is bound to attract
ttentlon because It Is a half mile higher
than any other mountain in that region.
Then, It ha the great , advantage over
Aconcagua, In Argentina, supposed to be
the highest of the Andes, that it is not so
environed by other mountains a to lose
the effect of great height. Its situation
make Huascan appear even higher than
It really is.
From several points the view of its long
steep slope is Interrupted by no intervening
mountains. You m.e the granite from lta
base near the valley of Huaylas to it top
most peak. The upper 8,0u0 feet is per
fectly white, and Its gleaming mantle of
perpetual snow and ice make it seem like
thing of air. Explorer say that it
beauty surpasses anything else In the Andes
when Its white Is turned Into rose tints
by the rising and setting sun.
Let us compare this white pyramid with
Jungfrau, the grandest mountain of the
Bernese Alps. The Jungfrau reaches a
height of 12,000 feet, but it rises from a very
high base which diminishes the effect of
It great elevation.
The limit of perpetual snow on the Swiss
mountain begins at fc.OtO feet, and its snow
and ice covering is therefore 4,OoO feet in
vertical extent. If we could wrap the Jung
frau in the white mantle of Hauscan it
would extend to the foot of the mountain
and far down the verdant valleys a far a
the hamlet of Lauterbrunn.
There are great danger in the ascent of
Huascan. The natives living within sight
of It have told every mountaineer who
ha come to them that It was Impossible to
get to the top and that to attempt the as
cent waa courting certain death. One of
the most formidable danger 1 the rush of
avalanche, which la likely to occur at
any time.
From the valley you may sea a haze er
white dusty cloud rising above the peak.
and a little later you will hear a dull roar
a of distant thunder. It Is an avalanche
of snow and Ice rushing down the slope
and tumbling over the lofty precipices.
Any living thing In It path would certainly
be swept to destruction.
Part of the dope belew the snowline are
vry steep and strewn with bug blocks of
granite that make walking terribly fatigu
ing. The snow above is often so slippery
that climbers slip back at every step. Here
and there a man may sink In the biiow to
his armpits, and aJl the while he must
keep probing for the crevasses in the ice
hidden from view by the snow cover. He
must circumvent these chasms and the
precipices that suddenly loom before him.
It was one of these preciploes that
stopped Knock In 11(04, at 16,6ili) feet, more
than t,000 feet below the top of the north
ernmost or higher peak. Anyhow, he had
ascended the mountain to a height greater
than that of Mount Blanc.
Then there Is the soroche, as the Peru
vians call the mountain sickness, due to
lack of oxygen and the rarefactatlon of
the air that 1 likely to attack any person
In these high altitudes, and the ascent
Is necessarily so slow that provisions must
be carried and camps pitched on the slope.
Such Impediments give a realizing sense
of the tremendous tax upon every physical
and mental force which such an under
taking Involves. Men who have tried to
conquer Huascan have been defeated, but
it appears that a woman has succeeded
where they failed.
dts
The New York Herald credits Justice
Harlan with this story on W. H. Taft:
"Did I ever tell you about tho mar
vellous drive my dlstlrguit-hcd friend the
Secretary of ' War trade one mornlnpc on
these very links of Murray Bay? No?
"Well, I was with him at the time and
that establishes the veracity of what I
am about to declare. Come up near," he
ald turning toward a newspaper man
who was present. "I want to be suro ycu
hear the figures correctly."
"Yes," broke In the secretary," he might
forget them and have to make them up till
over again."
"For what I want," continued the jus
tice, Ignoring the Interruption, "Is to get
onto the golf page of the Sunday papers.
To do that I must adhere to the truth
strictly the truth, the whole truth and
nothing but the truth.
"Hut, as I was saying, this roly-poly
youngster over here Taft I mean wa
Just finishing up a bit behind me, as usual;
ahem! three or four behind me, if I re
member rightly. It was growing dark,
and he was in a hurry to complete the
score and yet anxious not to be too far
behind. He made a terrific drive for the
last hole, one that made the ground ripp!o
like the surface of a hike when a bowlder
drops Into it. Yo.i all have noticed that
often. Then he plunged on, riding the
ripple toward the hole and looking for
the little white ball.
" 'By Jove, I struck a good one that
time, he sang out, um he went further and
further and no ball In sight. ' believe I
made the green.'
"And, sure enough, just then the cuddy
called out:
" 'Hire you are, judge, right in the hole,
and, lo and behold! when Taft looked In.
and Taft began to turn handsprings for
Joy. I confess I thought It was pretty
good, too, and I went buck to the last tee,
to see If I couldn't do something like that
myself. I knew, of ccutse, it was a fluke,
a one In a million drive, but I was bound
to try. When I got to tho tee I under
stood. There was Taft' ball Just where
he had set it up. His club hadn't even
graced It. The rest of the story the caddie
can explain."
Waller Who Waited.
A man who called himself Ueoi'ge Arnold
was before a police court Jude on iIih
charge of stealing a ride on a Ham to Dug
upan. "Where were you?" asked Judge Iow, re
ferring to tii former place of abode.
"In Manila," was the reply. "I wa wait
ing "
'Waiting for whom?"
-"Just waiting."
"What were you waiting for?"
"To get my money."
"Who from?"
"The man 1 was waiting for."
"What did he owe 11 lu jou for?"
"For waiting."
"How did you utart in wailing?"
"By beginning to wait."
"What do you mean? Explain yourself."
"I thought you knew I wa waiting in a
restaurant."
"Ohl" gasped th Judge. Philippine Qoi
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