-1
THE
OMAHA
SUNDAY BEE: "AUGUST 18, 1907.
f
American Traveler Says Diaz is Trouble Maker in Central America
l"'' j w who nave recently
I returned from Central Amerlc.i
iiv orougiu 10 ivew xora news
and views of the recent trouble
btn 'Juatemala and Max-
.;o. with Zelaya of Nicaragua mora or
lss In the tangle, whl h put an alto
gether new fact on tha matter. Ore
thing etanda out sharply In the talk of
aome of these merrhant. namely, they
ara disposed to blame Preeldent Dlaa of
Mexico for the outbreak.
Dlu la represented aa trotiulomakvr
and a very wily and unscrupulous In
triguer, and alto aa tha real backer of
Zelaya In hit scheme of uniting tha
Central America atatea by the simple
cement of gunpowder. Hit motive la
..averted to be Jeelouay of Guatemala, tha
moat orderly, rich and progreaelve atata
of tha little republlc.e, and fear that it
will attract too much foreign capital
away from .Mexico. The policy of Ma
la declared to .be to aupport any man
in Central America who will be a dis
turber and to keep all Central America
In aa unaettled and disorderly a atata
aa poeatble, ao that all tha capital which
can be attracted to the country ao'ith
of tha Vnlted States will now into the
developing but yet not fully developed
mining atatea of Mexico.
Jolia M. Brewster of tha Wast Coajit
aa prelcnt of Mexico and a strong stable
government In Guatemala, there would he
an overwhelming sentiment for a larger
republic, which would Include the Mexican
territory below the Isthmus and 'the re
public of Guatemala.
"On the other nand, Zelaya la working
purely for hla peraonal self-aggrandlse-ment,
and today the, only parson strong
enough to atand In hla way to tha ac
complishment of his ambition la Estrada
Cabrera, who la ambitious to develop tha
prosperity of hla country and give It a
stable government; therefore, by appear
ing to advocate a Greater Central America,
tlas gives a moral support to Zelaya which
enables him to foment and aid revolution
Ists In the neighboring countries.
"I reached Guatemala City early In April.
The republic and particularly the capita
were, while apparently at peace, much ex
cited over the outcome of the struggle be
tween Nicaragua on the one hand and Hon
duras and Salvador on the other, .is It was
felt that Zelaya s success would mean
the rushing of troops to the Guatemalan
frontier In order to be prepared for ap
aggressive steps which he might take.
"The American charge d-afTatres. Philip
M. Brown, had gone to Honduras and i
following tha course of the lighting across
that country until he reached Amapala.
Boon after Bonllla left tha country ai'
I
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-4
Si' . ' '
rArtKGN IfCATJM. DOOX WiTH MLWlAto USTMIQVJJ A,.L4MVJ.WiJ JOTXT WXtf XPIO.OV
I
9 nubber company," wmcn owns rubber for-
eats on the Paclflc shore of Guatemala,
Of has traveled extensively In Central Amor-
resistance to the Nlcaraguans
It
k
lea and is one of the returned merchtnts
who hold this view. He le an adml-vr
of Estrada Cabrera, president of Guate
mala, "Zelaya, backed by President Dim of
Mexico, has already done a great deal
of harm," ha naid to a Sun reporter. "He
will do mora. The present attitude
Among the republics toward him la onj
of uneasiness and fear.
"So much is this so that Costa Rica,
in. spite of the well-known tendency of
the Central Americans 1 to disintegrate
orgknlzcd
ceased.
"Then, as the remaining combatants' were
almost exhausted, Mr. Brown saw his op
portunity and by hard work succeeded in
franflng up the treaty of Amupalu, in which
Salvador and Nicaragua signed articles of
peace and ugreed to submit h11 future ques
tions to the joint arbitration of Mextca
and the Vnlted States. The cause of Dr.
Alfaro, a revolutionary leader In Balvador,
had already been taken up by Zelaya, who
is understood to have promised him money
and men when Dr. Alfaro was prepared
to rise. But after the treaty had been
M Into smaller states, desires to consolidate "1ned 11 w believed that peace, for a
time at leaat, had been secured In central
America and much relief was felt In Guate
mala. "During this period I made many trips
into the Interior and found that the general
desire of all with whom I came In contact
was that political questions should be
dropped and that they should be allowed
to devote their energies to the develop
ment of their estates, but In every Central
American capital there Is the revolutionists,
element, looking for a chance to hold office
in order to procure the means of easy and
with Panama to the south In order to
get under the wing of the United BUtos
rvand obtain that protection againnt tho
f oifnenaelng apparition of Zalaya, and Diax
j, -tin tha north.
i rtf "plaa Is not doing this ant of pura devil -
f try by any means. He Is looking for all
jj 4th capital he can get to complete tha de-
pvelopment of the mining states In the north
tot Mexico and to undertake other great
tf works of development In the southern
: ratates, still in a very primitive condition.
'. I "Ha has become alarmed at seeing Guate-
( amala become under Estrada Cabrera's ad- abundant livelihood.
; V ministration orderly, prosperous and every "Then things happened. Rumors blew
tyear flourishing more and mora under tha thick and fast. There waa a cabal of aoo
.stream of money from abroad which tha Guatemalans who had sworn to kill the
president's guarantee of safety and order president and overturn the government,
fls bringing in. That money Mexico could The president was aware that something
t 4UM V'ry wel1, and " unre,t nd "vplution waa up. but did hot feel that he could take
. 'once again walked abroad through the any definite atepa untU some overt aet was
."rubber bush or Guatemala, to Mexico that committed.
uezaltenango and punned film throng!
the legislative body to the office of vice
president, from which, on the assassina
tion or Reina Barrios, he leaped to the
office of president.
"There Is no use of going Into' the detiills
of the plot to aesHSHlnate Kstrada Cabrera.
It is posttvely certain that Roriil, Dr.
Blanco and the two Mcheverrta brothers
purchased the firing batteries, rented, the
house near the American legation and laid
the mine, which, when the president drove
over it, they exploded. Of tho sixteen
persons who were arrested, 1 positively
know from overwhelming evidence that
many were more or less mixed up in the
manufacture of the bombs, etc.
"It was an exciting time to be In Guate
mala' City, I can tell you. Immediately
after the explosion, Rodll, the Bcheverria
brothers and Blanco disappeared and noth
ing was heard from them for a spate of
over two weeks. Then a discharged servant
went to the chief of police and stated
that these four men had found refuge with
her former mistress.
'Soldiers were ordered to assault' the
ters as much aa possible, delivered an or 10.CUO troops were In the field,
ultimatum to the Guatemalan govern- Well, Mexico backed down. There waa
went, p0 declaration of war. Whether thle waa
"It was a very tense moment in tha hie- because there waa no cause which would
lory of Guatemala. Any other man but stand examination by the powers or that
Estrada Cabrera would have mado a falsa tt looked aa If Guatemala could put up too
step somewhere and lost the game right nasty a fight altogether, no one knows.
there. There was sedition In the capital.
Nlcaraguan troops under tha Pacificator
Zelaya the name haa an Ironic ring at
the frontier on the Honduran aide, and
There waa certainly no other reason.
"Honduras elected a provisional presi
dent. And with the bush along tha bordere
once more emptied of bayoneta Estrada
Zelaya waa giving every encouragement Cabrera waa once more on top. again mas-
IV
It, 'IS I I
- ,' r , - ' "GUATEMALAN WASHDAY 'Si- -A r'Xd.-, ' f i j
1 1 & ..... f ft i !! , . t, '..1 ie. ., ij ' . - . ... n y f , . r r 1 i z -t w. - -4, , tu it .4)1 bi .,3 itit 4
-aaaisi . . .,. o. t . v 1. ax. . t - mi'-. axr . t m a . ' ; m . - v . -. . . .: . t
" 1 "TV. r . . ... ...:r;,5.et mn n i Mm
to a revolutionary movement which should
enter the republic from that state.
'"At the same time he was giving both
moral and financial support to Dr. Alfaro,
who was endeavoring to overthrow Presl-
ter of a situation which had threatened la
engulf him In ruin.
"Oddly enough, during this period of In
tenee excitement business went on In
Guatemala City aa usual and there waa not
dent Klgtieroa of Salvador and attack a day In which foreigners and their wlvaa
Guatemala from that aide. All this after , not feel at perfect safety to go about
the treaty of Amapala. the streets. In many country town
"And from the Mexican frontier came through which I passed there waa not avan
news of the massing of a Mexican army knowledge of any of tha disturbance
and a possible declaration of war, together which were occurring In the capital, aa th
with the known fact that Mexico was, as Indians, contentedly going about their
It has repeatedly dona before, permitting business, have very little Intereet In any
ll.e revolutlonlete to organise in and around happenings outside their own community.
Tapachula. It was only a year ago that "Zelaya, as a force for good In Central
Colonel Perex of Guatemala waa allowed to America, la a hopeless proposition. Within
make his headquarters at Tapachula and month of the ratification of the treaty of
openly recurlt natives, whom he supplied Amapala, which bound him to keep th.
-,.h th. p-mm-tnn nfle. and whom ha Pace. ha sent one of hla gunboats with oa
afterward led In an armed attack on Guate
mala. "Well. Estrada Cabrera was up and do
ing. It looked aa If they would overwhelm
-im in another wee. But he madi 'jo his
t r
lit t'A
JLi '4r., - !
4
-4
fey,
'it'
bravos to the port of Acajutla, Balvador,
where they landed and captured a train
and attacked tha city of Bonaonata with
no other pretext except the hop that th
followers of Dr. Alfaro would rlaa 1n revo
lution agalnat the established government.
"This rising did not take place and eo tn
trim buccaneering fashion thry looted the)
bank, taking aome ITt.OuO In coin, and -retreating
to the port, stole the launches and
lighters used by the Pacific Mall Bteamahltt
company and sailed bark to Corlnto.
"Although paat administrations burdened
this country with debt and political agl
t at ore both Inside and outside its bound
aries, have created a condition where one
half of Ita expenditures are for police and
military purpose, this country la naturally
-ery rich. In tha lat ten years, with
population of leas than LBiJO.OOO, the value of
Its exports haa exceeded the Imports about
122.000,000 gold in spite of tha extremely low
prices now paid for coffee.
"PJven tn the smaller villages throughout
Guatemala one finds schools, and In tha
'arger cttlea, euch aa the capital, QutsaJtar
ij e
inwl '
- . ' :3v. , J S i''k J, , y f I - . J
,17" "''"'-" .: ,, . - w' v-ri f J I
I ! " 4 jIZIIIZ-"- vift lit4 c
1 '
H-" ... - 'Til
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changed. When calling at the l.ouvi Mexico to resist. It was thr that Gen-
I was Bhown the little holes in the pla4- eral Barillas, a relative of Estrada
ter made by the rifle balla. Cabreras predecessor and an enemy it
"But Estrada Cabrera was as moderate his, was aBsaBslnated In Mexico City,
and aa Just as any man oould be under Who assassinated him I don't know. I
the circumstances. The women relutlvos do" know that General Llmea and Com-
of some of the prisoners went In a body
to see him and auk for clemency. Hu
replied that when his courts itad de
elded on the cases It would be time for
house. Revolver shots killed two before hm t0 act stm althou(h he kn6w that
a breach waa made. Then the four men
none present wished him well, they could
mandante Bone did not do It.
"Tl.cy were among Estrada Cabrera's
right hand men and their loss wouli
cripple him badly. Mexico demanded
them. Estrada Cabrera Is too wine a
man to have a man assassinated, to take
him at tha value Mexico puts on him,
at a time when It would make a con
venient pretext for war. Mexico de
manded the two men and the Mexican
mind that most of the Belaya and Dlaa mango, Eeculntla and others, schools glw
show against him was bluff. The bluff 1ng a good course In manual training are)
he would call and the rest of It he would either established or In course of construe
fight. tlon. In the capital there la a good unU
"AH of Guatemala waa the scene of war- verBlty lth post-graduate courses la law,
like nrptmrntlnnn The canitoi ununii engineering and medicine.
, beneficent stream would ba directed.
. ...... UUIU v "iv. ine attempt on tne president s life of
"Fortune offered a firebrand to Dlaa. April then came. A mine was exploded
Zelaya aprings up from tha thinly populated under hfs horses and the president had a
v.. v-"""- v w.iw very narrow eacape. Stringent measures
Jthe whole peninsula south of Mexico Into ware taken hi.
T confusion. What has happened and what nmh.n th. .i.... .v..
were made
davs following the nHm
,-ent forces of order and tha statua quo In of these, all wer. rl....ri
Central America headed by Estrada Cab- who were plaoed on trial for being parties
' will happen is the result or that comblna- that something like 100 arrests
! tlon and the resistance to It of the pres- within the few days following
rera.
"Another, motive of Diet's espousal of
Zelaya's cause is that Chiapas and Tobasco,
the Mexican statea which border on Guate
mala, were In Spanish times and until re-
, cently under the same government aa
Guatemala, and by tradition, racial affili
ation and common Interests the Inhabitants
' of Chiapas, Tobasco, Campeche and Yuca
tan, being all farmers, have today moie
Interests In common with the Republic of
Guatemala, whose wealth comes from agri
cultural pursuits, than with the mining
atatea. which have today the predominating
Influence In tha affairs of tha Republic of
Mexico.
"When riding through these states last
December I found among the Indian natives
much dissatisfaction with tha Mexican rule,
as they expressed . a strong feeling that
they were heavily taxed but got little
f,rora '' the government, which la spending
to this attempt at assassinatlo'n.
"Quite a number of those arrested bore
names of prominent families of Guatemala.
But this Is not to be wondered at because
Estrada Cabrera, Just aa Dial, springs
from the people rather than from tha aris
tocracy. It was through personal privation
that he was able to gain tha education
which made him a successful lawyer In
No Longer Wield Power
(Continued from Page One.)
operations would afford relief, but the
American Indian shrinks from tha knife
for surgical purposes applied. And ao they
almply die.
The cemeteries are fast receiving mora
Inmates. Caskets made from dry gooda
boxes or the like are either plaoed a couple
of feet under the sod or ara left upon the
aurfafie of the earth tA tha mu a u
Ita money In the development and beautl- Wnii 4n,j rains
fylng of the northern cities Kffort, to ,nduc th. IndUn do
"Between Tpachula and the Isthmus of work h.v. Wn .
Tenuantepec' the Mexican government
quarters large garrisons, out of all propor
tion to tha number of Inhabitants, If these
re contented.
"Among many of those beat Informed on
have Inherited Juat enough of tha heartless
and cruel Instincts of their forefathers to
enjoy burning tha dumb brutes with brand
ing Irons, and at thla they will work Ilka
tigers. But efforts to Induce them to en-
XU aldea of tha border, tnere la a atrong it as hard-working tillers of tha aoll have
feeling that with a weaker man than Dial
2.
4 for uiTral froaa what nitrl aa
ift Bfl (Jfttevrrn or lb ftioiuacn. m
caru kit a mr
I our octori tur
thirty tocl, ani in aaotfcr
ian vriP
, Affu( purt bated a boi wx t
(juirniiac Btast la ft an. Jula
rtiaa bn I ahowaid hia
a aa rnindrt abaui tha tajna laytb)ux a a
warm Ihu b4 bao ppiiiff my vhmUtf tor rra,
1 hani4 tka buio( haalili ar ttora. Itruaft
ia-ia Mawja-onUl will a WHtftl to othvr aufferara.'
-U . feiew V .t.w V ttlft fllvlmlli, bl...
Waaa PkUaAaJpiUfta
Best for
Tha) 5owb
M a . aa La
candy CATnaime
feieufnt. f!lahl. PMnt. TuHM Do (loot,
low liiekoe, W.k. ar Crlo, lor. tl Mc. Kator
Iuio la bu. Tin tovviao sob lot pioaiiMk C 0 0.
itMreaooeS le oar or foar aor koLa.
KterUagKeae4yCe.,ChicaeorN.Y. S04
AnUJlLSALEtTU UILilCM EOXES
been practically fruitless. Here and there
you will find a patch of corn, but tha
weeda which outatrtp tha masa Indicate tha
field's red skin ownership. Tha federal
government provldea each Indian with a
quarter section of land, a team of fine
mares, weighing not less than 1,060 pounds,
a substantially built lumber wagon, a har
ness, plow and harrow. But these tools,
which might ring wealth from tha ground
for an Industrious white man, do little
more than rust away under the red man's
supervision.
Children of tha reda attend school under
the whip. All of them are required to
respond in person to tha school bell's ring,
and little school houses ara stationed at
convenient points over tha reservation. In
the school houses live the teachers. For
those children who fail to attend. Indian
policemen are dispatched. Teachers find
that moat of the young reda, even though
hey have been able for years to apeak
English, will for months pretend that they
know not a word other than their native
tongue. Most of the older youths are sent
away to college, many of them to Carlisle,
but upon their return they quickly drift
back Into the unclean and ahlftlt-as meth
ods of their fathers, preferring to return
to the' old Ufa rather than accept the
ridicule that la turned upon new innova
tions In ways of living. For there is noth
ing so effective upon an Indian aa a laugh.
It cuta him to the quick.
The Rosebud Sioux are Just now receiv
ing monthly payments tn cash as a part of
their treatment with the government by
virtue of which they ceded to the govern
ment tha Gregory county portion, or 41rt.i)
acres, of their reservation lands, three
years ago. Next summer they will receive
as a tribe W.000,000 for tha Tripp county
portion, about 1.000,000 acres, of their reser
vation, which Is soon to be thrown open
to tha white man's settlement.. With
Gregory county and Tripp county both
gone, tha Indian of tha Rosebud Sioux
will be crowded still further to the west
ward Into what la popularly termed Meyer
county, that last remaining tract, consist
ing of a couple of millions of acrea. And
It la forecasted that the white man, crowd
ing even further and further upon the
heels of the native Americans, will within
a few mora years ask tha Bloux to cede
over for a caah consideration tha Meyer
county portion of their reservation.
Thua the white settler, ambitious to till
the aoll and coax from Ita recesses corn
and wheat with which to feed Uie world,
la gradually closing upon the last remain
ing territory set apart for the nation's
red-skinned wards. And, In a way, this
closing out tends to mark tha beginning of
the end of tha red race In America for
ever; for, while tha Indiana are Just about
"holding their own" today In the matter
of numbers, the time la close at hand when
the race will rapidly be trimmed down by
disease and fall away.
He Got Two
Mother Harold, did you get a good be
havior card at Sunday school today?
Small Harold Yea, ma'am; I got two.
Mother How did that happen?
Small Harold The stingy teacher didn't
give me any, so I took the money you
gave me for the heathen and bought a
couple from the other buys.
were found, suicides, each with a signl- re8t confident that the prisoner woutt
flcant hole in his right temple. receive all the consideration consistent
"The state of affairs can be Imagined with Justice,
from this Incident. A few doors from "But all this trouble In the capital was
where I was living, In the CalleJon d apparently too great an opportunity for minister, Gamboa, in order to prtss mat
Luna, one of the handsome streets of the
town, a squad of soldiers appeared be
fore a gentleman's house and a prominent
officer In charge told the owner that he
had a warrant of search for the house.
The owner was apparently not connected
with tha revolution.
"In thla country an Innocent man
would say to an official armed with a
regular order of search, Cume 1n. The
house Is at your disposal.'. What does
this hysterical Spanish-American do but
lose his head entirely and begin to
scream at tha top of his voice. Before
he waa through he had whipped out a
revolver from an Inside pocket and shot
the official through the. heart.
"He made his escape through the patio
behind hla house Into the room of m
American lady, a Mrs. Bellows, who was
living with her son In the Iiouko whosj
patio abutted on his. The .soldiers rot
In there a few minutes later. Ho ie
fused to coma out and surrender until
aome seven or eight shots were ex-
the appearance of an armed camp. New
levies were being hurried Into the city to
be drilled Into shape. Soldiers were being
sent to both the Mexican and Honduras
frontiers.
"I was on the Mexican frontier and saw
many troops posted at strateglo points
and the river crossings covered with bat-
"As for tha future of Guatemala and tha
other Central American republics. I should
say that tha United Statea ought to Inter
est Itself more In them. Insist that tho
states desiring peace, such aa Guatemala,
be left aim- and apply to the less pros
perous and unsettled states the Santo Do
mingo plan. And put down the unrest of
revolution, the rule of the rifle. That Is
terea of artillery trained by European the key to the prosperity of Central AmeT
oftlcers. It waa understood that some 8.000 lea."
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