E TIIE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE, JUNE 0. 1P07. ... Recent Discoveries t - 'V fr" v. - .' - . - . Cotiyr)th 1907, by Frank O. Carpenter.) , I I pondcnce of The Bee.) I have I annnfr fhm whnl. x4 a . An.nn I1" the ruins of Carthage. The French have been excavating there, and are making many discoveries. The ruins lie on the shore of the Mediterranean sea beyond the lake on which Tunis Is situ- ated, and cover some thousands of acres, The center of old Corthage was about twelve miles from this cltj, and the Phoen- Ir.lan capital reached even to Tunis Itself. The city had a wall twenty-three miles long 10 aerena that part of It, which was back from the sea: and It is said to have had more than l.OOO.eoA Inhabitants In the neigni- or its glory. When It was des- troyed, after Its long war with Rome, It contained more than 700,000 people, and during that war li furnished armies of enormous slse. When Hannibal went from Spain to invade Italy he took 90,000 men and forty elephants with him over the Pyrenees and tho Alps; and during the first Punic war a fiet started out from Carthags with 350 ships of a capacity of IjO.000 troops. Each of the ships had an Iron beak to ram the boats ot th enemy, and the sailors were the best of the then world. Cart ha ae the Mlshty. That was during the closing day fit Car thage the Mighty. A short time later the Romans destroyed and plowed up the ground upon which It stood. Later still they founded a city Upcn Its site, and made It heir capital of Africa, and it was for a loAjr time the third city of the world. .'arther on In this letter I shall tell you ow the ruins e Roman Carthage are till to be seen he, .; . F" m," Jnterestlng to me Is Carthage he Mighty, that famous city which was .'Wvored by Juno, Jupiter's henpocklng wife, i ' and founded bv IX do. tha Jrwlah nrtnrojia r . ' . . - . r iv er lyre. LHdO's nusDand had been assassl- Bated by her own brother, Pygmalion, and Dido bad fled and come to this part of , North Africa. Like that other Jewess of ( tense and for a barracks to contain the fiction, Jessica, old Bhylock's daughter, she army aa well. In them were stalls for 300 did not go away empty handed, but leaded war elephants, 4,000 war horses, and stor her ship with the treasures of the royal age sufficient to supply all with food palaces of herself and brother and took enough people along with her to start new empire. . Qieea Dido's Ills Bargain. When she first set foot on African soil Queen Dido bought some land of the na- tives and by a real estate trick obtained this big tract upon which Carthage stood have restored. In miniature, and this was for a song. When our forefathers pur- so arranged that the entrance could be chased the site of New York of the Indians shut up by chains at night. The door lead the price was a peck of glass beads and ng Into it was only sixty feet wide but brass buttons; It Is said that all Chicago this admitted the ships to two port's so was once offered for . pair of old boots, connected that the vessels could sail from and that the ground upon which Mel- one to the other bourne, one of the richest cities of Aus- old Carthage was a city of fine houses tralla. now stands was sold for two old and civilised people. It was a city which wooden blanket,. The thrifty Dido bought owned quantities of gold .W prtou. the- location of this greatest city of an- ,ton8( ana one whoM U, tlqulty at a somewhat similar price. Ac- ,een ln tne mUBeum wnlch ony , cording to tradition, she tld the natives was equal to any sold ln our best that ahe only wr nted a pach of land big Btore, today, enough to be Inclosed ln a bull's hide and -they made a contract of sale on those , . x . terms. But Queen Dido cut the bull s hide ' Ab" Kom Carthage. Into leather shoestrings and, tying them The Carthage I have described was ut together, took ln what seeme to the na- terly destroyed 146 B. C. and It was almost tlves all out of doors. The tract ran around half century before another city began a a beautiful harbor. Inclosing the whole to rlse on Its ruins. This was the Curthage ' peninsula between the lake and the sea. f"tered by Julius Caesar and Augustus, It was gently sloping, with a little hill here which In time became the Roman capltul and there and with great rocky mountains ' north Africa, and which once almost In alght In the rear. The land itself was rivaled Rome ltself That Carthage was a xoeedlngly rich and the country about It c,ty ' theaters, the remains of xhlch still produced so abundantly that It was for atnd on the ruins of the old Phoenician centuries one of the granaries of the world. cny- It was a city of gladiatorial shows f , where Christians were eaten by lions, gored A Great Bnb'neaa City. to Jeath by wild bulls and slaughtered by Aa X drove out to Carthago today I saw gladiators. On the hill of the museum I asveral American windmills on great towers saw the tombs of Saints Perpetua and Fell Of steel,' agitating the air Inhabited by the cltaa, two young women who were killed ln ghosts of the old Carthaginians. The wind- the arena, which I describe farther on. mills came from Chicago and the city on Lator still, when Rome was converted, whose alte they now stand once ranked far CarthaM became the chief Christian city greater than Chicago does. It was the chief of Africa, while still holding its place as , bualnesa center of the old world and it bad one of the great porta of the world. Here Society Burglar w 8LNQ society notes as his guide ln I W V I ' . .. . .. L - . . . . . Ui rujiDg me nomes or ine ncn, -a- I ward James, who has' proved himself even superior to the flc- Wakefield decided upon another plan. He or rul1 roadway, no longer will the thou tttlous Raffles, was arrested while slid down a post from the second story anl who pedul thither on bicycles, the leisurely helping himself to everything In sight at the home of Mr. and Mrs. James ' O. Trainer ln Chicago. Ills Imollclt faith In society notes caused his downfall, said the- police. -V Found epon Ms person were a score or more of social Items which. It Is said, "the aoclety burglar" Intended to make use of on the dates given. Pressed In frock coat, pearl gray trous- era, patent leather shoes, snd wearing ac- eessoiiea which defied even the connols- eeur to pVk a flaw, De Groat sauntered down Fifty-Third street shortly after O'clock last olght. Peeling off a perfectly fitting glove and holding his. cane under .his arm, the man stood for a moment on fthe steps leading to No. IIS. Then, with 'perfect confidence, he produced a skeleton key and unlocked the door. govern! dsys before the local papers told 01 a uiuw.1 give at a country club. The society Item, however, failed to say thst Kbeneser Wskefleld. who la stopping with the Trainers, would be unable to at- tend the function. Wakefield heard Pa Groat enter tha feous. Kvr a Uma he listened to the 'au-autfur. wtikiug throuU tha tuxrUuta. - - ...I i - ... j . .. ' .... .H...I.I m. -g, - ., i. ,.-.. . A.4.'M..'-.it - 'Xl ' "CAHTTTAGB TUB MIlillTlf" TTTB AJTCTEKT CITY A3- gKETC'HEO BY M. PAtti lt captains of Industry and truat maa-natea Dido J.787 years before Christ, it was prom- Inont hon Athfika a. m m vm,n anil Inner before Rome had begun to be. The Carthaginians had their colonies throughout the known world. They owned the greater part of Sicily and many other Mediterranean Islands, and had large set- tlements on the Spanish peninsula. More than 2,000 years before Bartholomew Dial or Vaaco da Gama started out to explore Africa. Hanno, the Carthaginian, had sailed out of the Strait of Gibraltar with sixty ships and something like 80,000 men. He had made his way down around the west coast of this continent to the Gulf of Guinea, and had brought bock stories of ebony negroes, mighty elephants and gor- lllas. For centurlos thereafter many of his tales were thought to be lies, but they have since been proved to be true. The Carthaginians established colonies on the west coast of Africa. They sent their ships to Great Britain and they had com- merclal centers everywhere. They were among the richest people of the world and about the best traders. They carried on business as a close corporation. They did not allow foreigners to deal with their col- onies, and such as dared do so were cap- tured and drowned. As time went on, they sent caravans across the Sahara to the Soudan and over the Libyan desert to the valley of the Nile. Carthasre In B. C. BOO . . . . m f rfh'6 me "il Picture or oia Larthage as It was recently repro- duced by a French "antiquarian. The city wa of vast extent, and Its character was umewnai internal or tne great oriental capitals of today. The buildings wore white and flat roofed.- It had a wall about It. and this wall was higher than the great wall of China. It ni nv flftv.fl. r. . ... . ' ' ." mgn, ana tne lowers, which were found regular intervals upon the wall, were many reel Higher. The walls were used for a de There were quarters in the walls for a larger army than the United States had at the breaking out of the Spanish war, and this wall, as I have said, was over twenty miles long. Old Carthage had a forum. a market place and magnificent public buildings. It had an artificial harbor, which th Pr.nnh Caught in the Act It was Impossible for him to reach the tele- . . ... ... pnone and notify the ponce without trading the attention of the intruder. back window to the ground. He went to'nunlre1" who come in motor cars be met the next house to telephone. Officers b' the representatives of the rival houses Kavaa ttiwn a nih. r.t th vrda Wrk station soon surrounded the house. "You. will pardon me for being Inquisitive. I am sure; but would you mind telling me by whose permission you enter my home.' N These were the words of the "Raffles" when an officer faced him: "Don't hand us that; Just come along like a nloe society chap that you are," replied the officer. s "Sir, this Is an outrage. I demand an explanation." "Raffles" was being led toward the door, Outside awaited tha patrol wagon, "I have no objection In the world to go- Ing to the station." continued the socMy burglar, "other than the gross Indignity of the thing, don't you know. Now let's w, our, can up some of my friends." At this the man made a break. He loosed himself from the officers, and. throwing cane and silk ha; to the wind, ran down the street. Three shots were fired Ufora the men pursuing him were able to brlug likn to a haJt,W-"Wct Iuto m . Through St. AuKuatlne atudird and preached, and killed. When the Vandals Invaded Africa thaw inna PariDn thnlf psnttat unA It remained great until the seventh century, when the Mohammadan Arabs came In and destroyed It. Quarry for the World. Slnce then Carthaen has been a ouarrv for the artistic bulldlnir material of nil h palaces along the Mediterranean sea. In the great mosque of Santa Sophia, at Constantinople, I saw marble columns which came from here; many of the won- ders of architectural Rome originated In Carthage, and shiploads of Its ruins have gone to Palermo and other Italians cities. The palaces of the bey of Tunis are built of Punic marble, and the baaars of Tunis are flanked 'with marble columns, which the Arabs have painted over In red, yellow and green stripes, so that they now look more like barber poles than any- thing else. Many of the houses of Tinus contain ma- terlals from the same source, and the ruins here have been furnishing building stone of one kind or another for more than 1,000 years. - During recent centuries the various mu- seums of the world have been robbing this ancient city, and travelers also have been allowed to pick up and carry away what they pleased. This is so today, although the French have established two mueums, one on the site of old Carthage and the other at the Bardo, In the palace ef the bey, and are trying to preserve what Is left . Exploring- the Rnlna. ,,, i. .,,,. . ..,.- - , k.. Befn except . few broken-down cisterns Passing of - . i , , - ; x . ? ARIS, June 7. Mont Saint Michel, said Victor Hugo, Is to France what Uie Pyramids are to Egypt. To this comparison may be added another, that the omelet of iiiue. foulard is to Mont Saint Mlchl what Mont Saint Michel la to France. But now, alas! sad news comes from the tourUt-haunted Uland. No longer will the hundred thousand visitors who arrive each TAU - K.. . V. I .... . ... t. r ujr ne uiue railway which runa' from the mainland along the mile and a ouarter of Poulard. longer will those signs be needed which hitherto have warned the newcomer not to confound the house or "Poulard the elder" with others of a similar name, nor those that told him that "the Widow Pou lard" was the one and only original, while yet a third notice advanced similar claims on belialf of "Poulard the younger." For now twentieth century methods have thrust themselves upon the rocky Island where St. Aubert built a chapel about the end of the seventh century, and a limited liability company has bought out the Pou lard family, elder, younger, widow and all. and henceforth the tourist will be at the mercy of a soulless trust. There have been those who )nv. vi.it. Mont Saint Michel without seeing, except irora me level or tne sea. the glories of the Mervellle, or entering the Salle des Cheva- Uers, which has been called the finest gothlc chamber in the world, because to do so they must climb Innumerable steps and be taken round by a guide. But the few. If any. who havev not watched tha cooking of tha omelet which has m.. aliue. Poulard XuvULa throughout tha Excavation in Ancient City of ANTTIKR,- A' TOFNCH-ANTIQUARIAN. which once supplied the city with water. making excavations ever since they have nfiil Tnnkla undor t Vi r 1 r (.nntrnl . I so not only here, but In all parts of the country, and they have unearthed ruins which will compare with those of Athens and Rome'. They are anxious to Increase their work along these lines, and the re- mains are such that It misfit well pay our rich American" colleges to establish schools of exploration here, as they have done In old Qreece- Take this city of . Carthage alone and Imagine what might be found. Suppose you could blot from the face of the United States eitherBoston, Philadelphia or St. Louis. Suppose you could destroy all tho buildings and cover them with earth. Then let them He for decades and build other great cities on top. Then destroy those cities, and let the storms and dust of a thousand years settle upon them, and you may have, some Idea of the condition of the ruins of Carthage today. ' You must JI. however, the tombs In which the ancients were accustomed to put Jewelry and other relics, and Imagine that the destruction was such that much of the be- longings of the people were left In the aeons. . , It Is now mere than twenty-seven hun- dred years since the first buildings of Car- thage were erected, and many of the oh- Jects I saw today were more than two thousand years old. As I went over the ruins I observed 4ho Arab farmers plowing UP bits of pottery and pieces of marblo, which were parts of houses more than twenty centuries ago, and I have been bothered, all dav bv dark-faced Mohani- nin. in nu inner rufnr rhHt nH nniMi the size of my fingernail, which were prob- the Famous r r-t- t. N-t-'1 fAfwf IKHjCAnn, world. Thanks to the position of her hoted ln the Barbican, and even more to the fame of the omelet.Mme. Poulard has carried off the bulk of the trade and confesses she Ijuai made hr fortune, but withholds tha exact figure. She will, however, not leave the island and has promised to come from time to time to see that the omelet is still made ln the traditional manner. Thus The silver age fli-parts and the Iron g arrives. The golden age ended with tha original Poulard, who was tha sole Inn- keeper of the Isiand. Ha kept no books, mad out no bills. At Ui cud ot hi vUit tha rct recounted 1 " JL ..'JT'..Tf,. .VT. .. IF- n as -ssg W AVI 2 ably worn In the rings of those PunlO maidens whin all the world was young. I can't begin to describe the extent of the ruins. By this I do not mean the remains of great temples and palaces, of theaters and tombs. These are comparatively few but there are vast traqta covered with bits of pottery, pieces of broken marble, half ground up-bricks and bits of mosaic. Such remains cover the ground. The sheep and goats feed among them, and they are plowed and harrowed and pulverlied by cultivation to fertilize the crops of the . present. In the Theaters. My way to Carthage was over an excel- My way to Carthage was over an excel- lent road whlen runs around the bay. The scenery Is beautiful and the flamingoes fly over the water, showing their pink plumage as they probably did In the past, All along the roads we saw Arabs plowing their farms. Here and there was a little camp of Bedouins watching their flocks; and when we left tho road and drove across the plowed flelds we passed through a flock of fat-tailed Bheep and black goats driven by natives. Nearly all our way was over the ruins of Carthago, and wo were now in what annom. me neart or me ancient cuy. Th, ground was so covered with marblo and pottery that we felt Hke getting out na looking ror relics, ana, indeed, during the whole1 day my eyes have been moving about among the stones with the 'hope to And treasure. I have picked up many beautiful pieces of marble. I have clawed out bits of moBaic from tho stone floors, ' and have had opportunity to purchase all sorts of coins and clav lamDS. some of the i h v. nt Ph.ni.n. We first visited the amphitheater where Poulard Omelet wmM Th tout CET Hhl the meals he had eaten, tha drinks he had drunk. M. Poulard did a little mental arithmetic and named the sum to be paid, Perhaps he had less cause for anxiety ln those days when thtre was no raised road- wir and visitors had to arrive itnd dfDArt by carriages between the tides and run the risk of driving into the quicksands with which the bay Is filled. At least be was true to the tradition of the place, for we read ln the chronicles of the miracles performed by Bt. Michael on hla Island that "several ueraons havina dined and not having wherewith to pay their scot.' the LindlosJ was tald by a luiracW - - r J ' - "t " , ., - tWs ' - ' ' " tr i-;si i a at a . I". M T - ft BEDOUIN WOMAN GRINDING MEAti the gladiatorial shows were held, It lies near an Arab villages and, as I stood on it, can bo seen In many places, and purls of I heard the shrieking of a spanked baby It have been so restored that it now sup filling the air whloh once resounded with piles Tunis' with water. The work cost the cries of Christian martyrs. Tho millions, and It was done by a French en- amphitheater has been only partially ex- cavatea. Tne cages tor tno wild Deasts can be plainly seen and the great vaults below In which the martyrs waited. The arena was elliptical in shape and Its area is more than an 1 acre. I paced It from one end to the other, and according to my estimate It Is about 800 feet long and 200 feet wide. It contains marble columns broken and battered. Some of tho seats an1 a few of the arches are still to be Been Thl8 theater was described by an Arab historian who was here about 800 years ago He gayg that there were five galleries an1 that the building was the most beau- tiful of its kind ever known. Today I ,aw tha eheep ana the goats feeding on the eJge ot wj,at must have'been at one time the second gallery, and a donkey brayed wne j paoed the arena. q Great Cisterns of Carthage. The oldest and best known of the Carthaginian ruins are the great cisterns which were built to supply the city with water. There were two sets of them, one at eacn siao or me town, iney were oi Mlocli. This brazen , god was made red i vast dimensions, enormous, barrel-sharped hot at the times of sarcrlfice1, and the chll caverns, 443 feet long and more than SO ren were placed in his arms. It was the , feet ln diameter. They were surmounted custom to give him not only little children, by cupolas and were connected with pipes but also young men and maidens. The vie- ! for distributing the water. The largest of tlms were thrown Into his red-hot arms, ' these cisterns are near an Arab village, and from there they rolled down Into tha ' and they are now used as stables and biasing furnace below. ' dwellings by the Arabs. They number ' j twenty-four and. cover many acres. I wont Gay Girls in Old Carthage, down Into some of them. In one I found The museum at Carthage is filled with a tiny gray donkey with a little Arab girl treasures which have been found ln the ! standing beside It, and ln another an old ruins. There are dice, razors, spectacles, . hen with a flock of little chickens feeding surgical Instruments and thnuxamls of I about her. A part of one cistern has been clay lamps and casks of all kinds. As far ' walled off as a hay mow; another Is now as the Phoenicians are concerned. It Is, I ! an Arab house, arid ln a.Jhird I saw a doubt not, the greatest tnustum In tha Bedouin woman grinding meal upon two world; and ln Its relics of the Roman st rones which rented upon the floor. period it compares .favorably with many The dust of ages has half filled theso others more famous. I was especially Inter- j great caverns and they make an excellent ested ln the exhibits of Jewelry and other protection from the weather. As I made things which once belonged to the gay., my notes within them I head the cry of P'rls of the Carthage of 2,500 years ago. : prayer from a Mohammedan tomb nearby. There are a lock of hair which decorated The cry was, "There is no God but God the head of a fair Punlo maiden, a box of j and Mohammed Is his prophot!" As I list- rouge with some of the paint still In the ened I could not but think vof the people bottom, alabaster cases holding perfume who drank from these cisterns 600 years anl also pins, mirrors, trinkets and other : before the Christian era, and more than Kwgaws. 1,000 years before Mohammed first saw There are golden necklaces of beautiful the light of day In the deserts of workmanship, and hundreds of gold ring Arabia. ' a" s,Ie8' from one largo enough for a . 2-ycar-old baby to some which may have 8.500 Year. Old and Still In Cm. J? wedding rings for 12-year-old . A ...... T . , ,u . . brides. Many of these rings are set with Later in the day I visited the cisterns camooa and Blone. There are goIJ par. on the other side of the town. They are rng. by the hundreds, and beautiful the 2,600 years old. but the French have re- are A, T ,ooke(, at tnem l agked paired them and they now supply water to whUe father beM(, me about t))c mal(1en, the villages and towns about. The water who wore tnem t m years ROi ni.ntlollln, comes from Tunis, and It Is pumped ln by the mortality of all things earthly. In reply steam engines. The cisterns are thirty he ptntP(j to the shelves under the cases, feet deep, and something like J0 feet long. x 00ked and saw skulls and bones !n groat The engineer told me that he had about quantities; men, women and children were 6,000,000 gallons in them at the time of my au mlX(?d together. He then took me to a vls't. marble sarcophagus nesrby, and showed These cisterns, as used by the Carthagln- me the bones of a young Punic beau who lana, were first filled with rain water, lived many centuries since. I measured Later on they were supplied by an nor- his skeleton and It was six feet two Inches mous aqueduct erected by the Roman em- In length. On the finger of one hand thera peror Hadrian.- This brought the water was beautiful ring, evidencing the vanity from Deugga. about eighty miles away. It of Its owner. He may have been a friend of carried ,000,000 gallons a day, and the Hanno or Hannibal, or perhaps only some water passed through underground canals newly rich man of the time! Who knowsT and over valleys on magnificent arches to- FRANK G. CARPENTER. Cat Makes Trip EMORSB for the murder he had R committed led htm to Journey thirty miles over a road he never had traversed before to whim per out his sorrow against the knees of the man he loved, and that remarkable feat of trailing by Pluto, big gest, blackest and sometimes baddeat of cats, led to his forgiveness by Frans Frank. Frans is boss cook of a Nassau street (New York) restaurant and he Is known as much for his truth as for his skill with pots and pans. So when he says that Pluto Journeyed to Nassau street from a point fifteen miles beyond Maspeth, Fraux's friends believe' him. A(nd, mind you, Pluto never had been to the restau rant before. Pluto not only seems to have nine lives, but a Bcent of unparalleled keenuess. At first Frank could not believe that the cat of bis home was the one he found mewing at the door of the restaurant after an absence of three days. But be identified Huto by three things tils size, his utter blackness save for a white spot under the chin, and his clipped tall. Pluto was reared on Frank's little farm. He waa well fed and grew lazy, never wandering from the house except when he spied a bird perched on a bush near by. Then Pluto ould sneak up; but he waa so fat ha couldn't leap far. and he never was able to get a sparrow for supper. His master, however, had thirty canaries and Pluto 6fta would sit la the tlfd roum gui Carthage a? u : IN CISTERN OF ANCIENT CARTHAGE. Carthage. The remains of this aqueduct glneer. Iron pipes have been used Instead """''. uui me oia masonry sun up- holds much of the works. The water sup- P' 18 much greater than It was In the days of tho Romans. Aaiogt the Tombs, I have spent considerable time wandering through the old Carthaginian cemeteries, Many tombs have been excavated, and the dead of a dosen generations have been taken from their graves to be shown to us. the heathen tourists of the present. Some of the tombs were far below ground, and others almost on the surface. From on cemetery they have taken 2S9 epitaphs, and from another 800, Including tho names of librarians, schoolmasters, doctors, soldiers. nurses, dancers and slaves. Some of the' oldest tombs are triangular In shape; othera contained marble sarcophagi, and In some were men and women loaded with jewels. During my visit to the museum I paw uu . charred sullen nn.i hr,nu. Ti,i ..miijr mini mono doxcs wnich wore found KBr,ir u -.., '.. and nr. nn.wto. v, . 'i asneB of children who were sacrificed to : of .Thirty Miles eye the yellow fellows with gluttonous glittering eyes. One day he got up to the cage and with unexplained cleverness opened the cage. He caught a, bird and soon fluto was purring contentedly and eyeing a few feathers that were too tl lily to pass his palate. Mrs. Frank discovered the loss of the bird and there was enough cl rcumstantlal evidence to convict PJuio of the killing. She feared her husband would sli xt Pluto and so she, sent her two sons to carry the cat fifteen miles away and leava him In the woods. They say they did to. When Frank reached home that night he was grieved sorely. The lunging waa greater next day, when Pluto did not fol-' low his master to the su. face car, as usual. Cats have returned long distances to their homes, but tha records do uot tell of a cat who when lost has gone to a strange place far away In search of hla master. That Is what -Pluto did. When Frank reached the restaurant he ijw Pluto standing penitently at . the door waiting for him. The cat waved his stubby tall and set up a howl that made Frank shout with delight. The coo placed Pluto ln a bag and took him home. No sooner had Pluto got Inalda the lioune than he darted for the bird cage. "That's him," said Frank, whereupon ha gave a severe beating to 1'luto i'tne hopa of making hlin forget the way t opta the bird csgo.-Ne' Mk Press. .