TTIE OMATIA SUNDAY BEE: JUNE 2, 1907.
HnHmnn Fnhnr Ynur Nest and You'll Save Money on
CAVE DWELLERS OF CELEBES
A Fsopls that En Jnrt Emerged From the
Etoni Are.
MOST PRIMITIVE OF THE HUMAN RACE
BifUmi Record Itesalts f Stady of
Trtb la ( of Transition
from (iti to Hat
1.1 f.
fStlikTHE HOME OUTFIT
a . 44l ..j&su-.v? . t; 1 , : ,,, .r. ; 1 r n.
Paul and Frttg Barasln har bean known
for yeara aa the men who have contributed
more than any other explorer to our
knowledge of the great Island of Celebes.
During their three years' Journey In the
unknown Interior, ending In 189, they sent
to Germany letter' about the Toala tribe,
which wss rather sensationally printed
under the title, "Discovery of Wild Wood
men In Celebee." The article waa criticised
by scientific wrltera, and when the Saras
Ins went back to Celebes In 1902 they de
cided to make a careful atudy of these
people, who, they thought, were especially
worthy of Investigation aa a primitive
type of. the human race living In caves.
On December 8, 1902, they started inland
from the seaport of Macassar to the mid
dle of the southwestern prolongation of
la now subordinate to the tilling of mats
and rice.
The Busts, one of the most widespread
and Important people of Celebes, are
transforming their more primitive and leas
resourceful neighbors. It is the Bugl
platforma and huts which the Toalas have
reared In the caverns on whose grans
strewn floors they slept only a. generation
kfO.
The Bugls have turned the hunters Into
tillers of the soil. Iron which the Bugle
obtain In trade haa supplanted stone In the
Toala Industries. So the cave dwellers of
today differ much from the prehlstorle oc
cupants of these same grottos.
Hut these men who are now emerging
from oave life are still among the most
primitive of the human race. To a large
degree they have kept their physical char
acteriatlcs, for It Is 6ne of their traditions
that they must marry only among their
own people. Btlll they ahow some evidences
of admixture with the Bugls.
They are said to have the truly primitive
trait that they are destitute of deceit. They
are plain and fair-spoken and do not lie.
Their old way of trading was to place
whatever they had to sell at a given spot
and leave It there. The person appro
priating It deposited the price on the
ground. Thle waa Indicative of fair dealing
all around.
The Toala man haa only one wife, but the
Bugls are polygamous. The cave man have
no weapon excepting a club, split for the
Insertion of bits of sharpened Iron, which
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CAVE DWELLING ON ISLAND OF CELEBES.
the Island, and in a few days they were
again among the limestone mountains of
Lamontjong. Here the Toala cava men
live In what may be called an Island of
forest, perched high on the hills above the
surrounding woodless plains.
The explorers spent over a month study
ing, this primitive tribe, whose ancestor
probably for many ' ' centuries 'Inhabited
limestone caverns hollowed out of the
steep slopes by the same natural agencies
that fashioned the Kentucky caves.
The world Is greatly Interested In learn
ing all It can about the prehistoric cave
dwellers. Anthropologists have been able
to establish with certainty a considerable
number of facts relating to these primitive
peoples by the study of si f traces of
them aa can be found in their ancient
home's; and In no part of the, world has
more light been thrown upon the habits
and the rude arts and Industries of the
cave men than by the Investigations still
In progress among Amerlcnn caves, espe
cially In the arid region of the United
Btates. i
The task which the Saraslns set them
selves was very Interesting, for here were
supposed to be primitive men In the twen
tieth century living In caves untouched by
any of the Influences which are called civil
izing. What the explorers really found was a
little different, thoujh equally valuable
from the anthropological point of view.
They found the Toalas still Inhabiting
their caves, but they are In the stage of
transition from cave to hut life, building
huts in their caverns or living on platforms
reared In the caves half way to the lime
stone roofs and sometimes building now
habitations In the open air, but always
near the mouth of their caves.
The Toalas are. In fact, living a foot or
two above innumerable relics, from which
the Baraalnt have deduced some facts about
their ancestors. The tribe knew nothing
of these relics, but they were brought to
light by the explorers, who tell the story
In a large book they have Just published.
The first grotto the explorers reached
was a beautiful cavern, divided by a staiac
titio column Into two parta, of which the
higher one waa Inhabited. The roof waa
twenty feet above the floor, and half way
between ground and roof was a wide, low
platform supported on posts, where the
Inhabitants slept, cooked and ate. The
roof was black with amoke.
No Implements of stone were seen, but
when the explorers dug Into the hard earth
about two feet they found many fragments
of worked flint and split bones. These
finds are proof that In the stone age the
cave was occupied by man, and It Is be
lieved that the Toalas are the descendants
of this ancient population. All later In
vestigations tended to confirm this con
clusion. They dug Into the floors of many caves
and brought up A harvest of amulets, pipes,
arrow heads, Implements and many other
things made of atone, in addition to ar
ticles fashioned out ot bones and the tusks
of wild swine. Bo from day to day the
explorers wandered from cave to cave, ex-
vatlng In many that are uninhabited,
though the evidence brought from beneath
their floors was abundant that they wttre
formerly the homes of primitive man.
Most of the stone work was made of
flint, though volcanlo stone, andeslts and
limestone were also used. There were
acrapera, knives, lance points and arrow
heads In abundance. The sharp sides of
the arrow points were cut Into saw teeth.
Cooking and other utensils were clumsily
mad. Blune vulnts to be fastened to
wooden handles were found, similar to
those now used by the Toalse to dig roots.
Pipes were fashioned both from stone and
bones. No ornaments of any kind were
discovered.
The flnds seemed to prove that these
primitive folk had no domestic animal ex
cepting the dog. The bones of scores ot
beasts and birds were unearthed, but VI
the finds are relics of a purely hunting
people. .
The Toalaa speak of the time not long
ago when they were hunters pur and
simple. . The present generation, however,
knows nothing of the stone age. They use
aa hnpleoienU made of stone and hunting
they use to hurl at game. They procure
rude pottery and salt from the Bugls.
They know no dance and have no musical
Instrument except three charred pieces of
wood, which they place on their knees and
hammer with sticks, each piece sounding
different note. A few leaves serve them
for medicine. They have no ornaments,
and, like some other people of lowest cul
ture, they have forgotten nearly all their
own language and use the speech of the
Bugls. Maize, fruits, green vegetables and
roots, with little meat obtained by hunt
lng, are. their principal food.
Thua the Toalas illustrate the human race
on one of the lowest rungs of the ladder
who are gradually making a little progress,
chiefly through contact with neighbor who
have climbed a little higher, though still
primitive themselves.
HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT
Necessary Steps to Bo Taken and the
Probable Cost of Getting-
It.
If you have thought out some Improve
ment In tools, machines or other artlclss
in dully use, some labor saving device, a
new design of any kind or any procoss
of value you probably want to protect your
Idea by obtaining a patent
The first step In obtaining a patent after
perfecting the Idea Is to make a rough
pencil sketch showing In detail the varioue
parts of the device. A detlnlt description
should also be made explaining all the tea
tures, advantages and how to work the
Invention.
It is a good plan to number the different
parts In the sketch and refer to the num
bers In writing the description. If It Is
easier to explain by the use of a model a
small on should be made or mounted
photographs of a model often make good
substitutes.
After getting this material ready It la
time to consider whether to employ a pat
ent lawyer or Bend the idea directly to
the patent office. If there is any doubt
about your being able to obtain a patent
on your device the best course would be to
employ a regular lawyer, for the govern
ment charges a fee fen; making a prelimi
nary examination ot the patent records to
ascertain whether or. not the devlo is
patentable.
This service Is performed by most of the
good patent law companies gratis and U the
chance of securing a patent seems small
they will not undertake the work.
The government fee for filing an applica
tion for a patent Is 116, payable In advanco.
Whether the patent Is allowed or not, this
fee is retained by the patent ofllce. The
ordinary lawyer s fee would be $3 for th
preliminary examination; thus. If there Is
any doubt th originator would save it) by
first consulting a patent attorney and
hiring him to conduct a preliminary ex
amination. The governmeut fe for th allowance
of each patent Is J0, payable within als
months, thus making a total of !S in fees
to the government. A lawyer s total fee is
usually from J5 to $36, providing ther are i
no complications In the granting of the
patent. Thus th cost In full of properly
securing a patent would be from W to 76
The patent oftic will not respond to in
quiries concerning the patentability of
novelties and advises th applicant to em
ploy a competent attorney to prosecut his
cose for him, as th value of patent de
pends largely upon th specification and
claims which it covers.
Information as to what may be patented
will be found In the revised statutes under
section ife. th aubstanc of which Is that
"any new and useful art. machine, manu
facture or composition of matter or any
new and uaeful Improvements thereof can
bo patented.
A change of an old device la patentable
no matter how simple th ohang may be!
as long as it produces a nsw and useful
result. Any combination of previously pat
ented devices may b patented.
The substitution of a material or an
equivalent, aa abstract Idea or a principle
are none of them patentable.
Separate patent must be obtained for,
separate Inventions; no patent covers more
thau on device. Chicago Chronicle.
Tar - -
The .average young couple contemplating marriage will find it necessary through life to practice economy
if YOU don't you're an exception. If you are one of the vast majority who must make every dollar count, BE
GIN RIGHT. The furnishings for the home should be bought with an eye to oconomy for that'a where you begin.
Practice economy there. Buy at a saving.
Now there '8 a message of economy conveyed to you in this announcement. Just consider for a mo
ment the prices quoted cn the various articles. Compare them with the best offerings of any other
home-furnishing institution in Omaha. You'll find the values unmatchable every article just as de
scribedjust as handsome as the illustration shows just as big a bargain as it's represented to be.
Here '8 economy here are saving opportunities. The biggest values we have been able to offer in weeks. Run your
eye over these prices, then step in tomorrow and let us show you the goods.
ROOMS - - -
Furnished! Completely
tbbmbti ri
$7.50 Cash and $6.00 Month
$7950
hi
ROOMS - - -
Furnished Completely
TEfBl
$9.00 Cash and $8.00 Monthly
ROOMS - -
Furnished Completely
TM8l
$12.00 Casht $10.00 Month
mm
caialuuj im
TO 0irr-0F-TOV7? TRADE
WRITE njR TmSCTOJ W5T1
RUOXgCARPm
GO CARTS &
RBY CARRIAGES.
REFRIGERATORS &
GASOLINE STOVES
ri STOVES raGES
.as-'"- ,
N.K.
NU
Terms:
$1.50
Cash;
50c
Weekly
Em iaiJssELS RUGS
mmmmmmmm
tl Its
..a. t.-L-, ......... .. - - - "n T I n J.
Terms:
$1.50
Cash;
50c
Weekly
High Grade Brasnels Rugs, 10x6x0 FeetA speciae rugB are of superior character, made of best ma
ing the biggest rug values In Omaha today. These rugs are of superior character, made of nest ma
terials, aniline dyed and will never fade. They have no miter seams! are full woven rugs, strictly
high grade. Don't Invest In a Brussels rug until you have seen this special lot.
Term: $1.60 Cash; 50c Weekly.
26 Piece ffrVSISS FREE
111 ' '
Iliiill
Uiveu Ireo witn J100 purchase
or sold for $6.95. Terms, $1 cash,
76c a month.
If set is bought, and at any time
during the year purchaser buys
$100 worth of goods from us, we
will credit cost of same to their
account.
Hartman
Open
Account
Credit
rian Is
Strictly
All
Goods
Marked
Plainly.
Special
Chiffonier
6.85
This Is a large size, extra well
made chiffonier. It Is made of
beautiful golden oak, elegantly
finished, large French bevel mir
ror and neat carvings. Extra special.
Special Iron .
Bed
2.15
III -0$i
' Heavy new design, in full or K
Size, In new popular colors of en
amel, baked on, heavy chill and
posts. '
America's
Largest
Malve flolden O 7 C
Oak Preiser O. J
Such a bargain In a polished oak
or mahogany finished dresser we
were never able to offer you be
fore. This dresser Is of superior
design and finest possible work
manship and finish. It ha a large
French bevel mirror set in carved
mirror frame end supported by
carved mirror standards. Every
detail has had th most careful at
tention and the dresser is there
fore of most dependable character.
All Goods Delivered
in Plain Unlettered
Wagons at Hartman'a
Iron Bed . . ;. e J
Your Money's
Worth or
Your Money
Back at
Hartman'a.
Hotel Wash stand
Special
6.75
An exceptionally
article of furniture. Made
lected stock, In rich golden
well designed
of I
se-
oak
swelled. top drawer, with a
spacious cupboard below, iarg
French beveled mirror.
Solid Oak
Sideboard
12.75
This 1 a masslv sideboard of Im
mense proportions and very elaborate.
Has beautiful carved ornamentations,
carved claw feet, mammoth French
bevel mirror, swell front, and Is of
superior constructloa In every detail.
Of above handsome design, very
massive, heavily enameled, any
color desired, large tubing, heavy
elegant bed.
22 Stores
Stores
Throughout
the U. S.
r M W
4
IRON BED SPRINGS
AND MATTRESSES
10.75
Oak or Mohayonv
Center Table . . .
With ranoy Shaped Top
and shelf, made of solid
quarter-sawed oak, or
polished mahogany, legs
beautifully turned and
fluted.
Refrigsr&tor,
Specia.1
Price
7.75
This Refrigerator
Is on sule all week
at all Hartman
stores. It Is strong
ly constructed, of
great durability
and most econom
ical. U Is lined
with galvanized
Iron, has metal
shelves, patent drip
cup and other Im
proved features. A
value you cannot
possibly duplicate
elsewhere in
Omaha.
Parlor 185 ki .1 OST-. 1 ' ' L I
Artistic
Rocker .
Made In solid quarter
sawed oak, polished wood
seat, extra elaborate In
dosign and beautifully
polished. This rocker Is
of superior construction.
Hartman t
Special Steel
Ranges
26.75
Complete with
high warming clos
ets, of large size,
full slse, 8-lnch
holes, large square
oven, made of su
perior materials,
elegantly nlukel
trlmmed and uar
anteed in every
particular. Special
easy terms of
credit given.
This Large, Elegant f 475
Kitchen Cabinet at 1
This Kitchen Cabinet Is 71 Inches high
and 46 Inches wide. It is Just like this
illustration, made throughout of best
selected materials and constructed In a
most thoroughly dependable manner.
The top haa one large Inclosed compart
ment measuring 16x11 Inches, fitted
with large glass door. There are two
large drawers measuring 9x3 Inches and
two Small drawers measuring 6x3 inches
fftnT .AVS RPFCIAT. BED COMBINATION
This bed combination consists of elegant Iron bed, splendid springs nd a most excellent
mattress. The bed Is of above design and lr worth as much as we now ask lor the entire
combination. The springs are of superior character, The mattress has soft top, extra heavy
ticking and taped edges. This is a'marvelous value at the price and are on sale all week.
Terms: ssi.OO rn: nuo weeKiy.
SSSESSSSSSBsSSSSZISrSSraEBSSSSCSSSSS
1 W'MLMjaW!
Elegan t
Go-Cart
6.75
Complete with ruffled parasol aa
shown above, has the new 1907 sleeper
adjustment and large - wheels, fitted
with cushloh tires, enamel green and
patent foot brakes, folds with on ac
tion, foot rest and all; a very light, but
strong, dependable cart.
22 Great Stores Tbronghout the U. S.
era n tr m7
i i I ill i v
1414-1416-1418 Douglas Street
18!f
New Model Drop
Hfnd Sewing Machine
It combines simplicity, durability,
reliability, speed, streiiKth and beau
ty a machine with a wonderful ca
pacity fur wide range of work hem-
Ing. felting, gathering,
seaming, etc. It Is of i
hemstitching-.
new type drop-
head, hirh arm machine, is beautl
fuly nickel plated, automatic bobbin
winder. Complete with Tutl set of -tachments
and accessories, solid oak
case. Hold on easy terms.
4Smw,.,,jVi
The paper that tfoes to the home brings the returns to advertisers
A clean and reliable paper for the home
is barred from no self-respecting household
11 he Omaha ILvemo
6c. Per Week Delivered
Within everybody s reach--
reaches everybody
Ik
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