Tim OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: MAY 12, 1007.
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BACK TO COAL CAS AGAIN
That's Ob Iflect of the Riie of ths Aritto-
cratio Antom:bi!e.
GOOD WORD TOR HARD WORKING MITER
Increased Cost of fiaaollne and
Knptan Causes Water l.ai to lie,
1 So Longer the Cheaper
rrodact.
NEW TORK, May 11. In spite of the
H,XTT general use of illuminating gaa In thla
country an astonishingly small number of
people seem to know anything about Its
manufacture or the methoda of distribu
tion. All that the conaumers know! about
the matter generally la that the gns Is sent
to them through the mains and service
pipes In the street from big tanks that are
almost Invariably located along the river
side, that Its flow Is measured for them by
meters which nine out of ten patrons sus
pect are swindling machlnca nnd that the
bills come as regularly aa death and taxes.
Even some of those who write about gas
In the public prints often make curious
blunders. For Instance writer In a mam
sine said recently that about three-quartera
of the Illuminating gas now made In the
United States was water gaa, "which means
that It la made mostly not from coal.' but
from water which Is undeniably cheap."
This would give the Impression to the ordi
nary reader that the prlnclpe.l Ingredient
1n so-called water gas Is water, whereas
the truth Is that steam plays only a minor
part tn the making of ss.
Aa to the statement that three-quarters
of all the Illuminating gaa waa made In the
United States Is water gas. that might
Tib been true ten or a dozen years ago,
but conditions have ao changed In the last
decade that It Is next to Impossible to make
water give at a rroflt at the current prices
of oil supplies, and for that reason many
Of the companies have returned wholly or
In part to the old form of making gas di
rect from bituminous coal.
Thus the Consolidated Gas company In
this city, which manufactures M.ono.oon.ono
cubic feet of gas every year and has been
credited by the United itates Cenaus
bureau with making and selling one-fourth
of all the Illuminating gas produced In this
country. Is going back to coal gas aa fast
M construction will allow, and Its new
$ttl,000,0O0 plant which Is being erected at
Astoria will, when completed, be a coal gns
plant with the exception of a single unit In
which water gas will be manufactured.
Has Making; Affected by (he Auto.
. The only reaaon why this provlalon for
water gas Is made Is that the candle power
of tho lllumlnant may be kept up to the
high standard required by the law here.
This standard Is twenty-two candles, a
point of efficiency practically beyond the
reach of coal gas, no matter how much
enrloher la used. - The product of the unit
for producing water gas will be used Blmply
to mix with the coal gas. thus giving the
reqt;lredcandle power.
C ously enough, the main reason why
Hi Consolidated and other big gas con
cerns are going back to old fashioned coal
rvls the very great and spreading popu-
fy of the automobile for both pleasure
an business purposes. Both gasolene and
naptho commonly called gas oil by the
gas men figure largely In the making of
eo-caled water gar. The price of this oil
waa formerly as low as cents a gallon
and U was one oi inn itmn .........
tr,e manufacture of water gas so cheap
'hat the system , was generally adopted
throughout the country.
But the Increased demand for the fluids
V caused by the enormous number of autos
f In use has sent the price scurrying up to
aomethlng like 20 cents. This, taken In
J- connection with the constantly advancing
JU. value of coal tar, coke and other byprod
" ucta of coal gas, has turned the scales In
Its favor.
Ther are no valuable byproducts to
speak of In the processof making water
gas, and It la quite a problem to dlanose
of the residuals. In times gone by this
true of coal gas. Coke could be had
f almost for the asking and tar had no mar
ket at all.
For certain manufacturing purposes coke
Is now used almost exclusively, while tne
numerous uses to which tsr may be put
and the discovery of the wonderful drugs
and coloring matter which can be distilled
from- It have made It one of the most valu
able byproducts in the world. So that the
volume of water gas manufactured In this
country Is diminishing Instead of increas
Ing, and If the price of gas oil continues to
rise water gaa will be eventually sup
nlanted by coal gaa again, especially In the
big seaboard towns, where a reaay marsri
Is found for coke and tar. .
The Conaolldated company was never
swept off Ita feet by the popularity of
water gas. The largest part of all the
gas manufactured by the original com
panies In the consolidation has always
been coal gas. One fire under a section of
retorts In the EaBt Fourteenth atreet coal
gas plant has been burning continuously
for nearly fifty years.
In England, too, water gas has mad
little progress as an lllumlnant. the old
system being generally adhered to by all
the big London companies.
Water Gaa More Polsonou.
One of the greatest objections to water
Kas not commercially la the deadllneas of
Its effect, even when used as a mixture.
In Its manufacture the most poisonous
agent In Illuminating gas, carbonic sold,
is Increased from 6 to SO per cent. That Is
why so many people who are overcome by
Illuminating ga die quickly. It Is also
probably the reason why suicide by gas
Is so popular with those who wish to live
no longer.
There Is a radical difference In the
Initial processes of manufacturing coal and
water gases, and yet when lighted the
flames present precisely the aame appear
ance to the ordinary observer. The oil
gas Is slightly whiter and more brilliant,
out when the gases are mixed none but
an expert can tell that It la a composite
flame. x
Coal gaa Is produced by the direct de
structive distillation of bituminous coal,
whereas the carbonisation In making water
.. gas is produced through the use of anthra
cite, i It was In lfi that Thomss Shirley
f Kngland read a paper to the Royal ao
alety on an experiment fie had made with
gas from a well in Lancashire, resulting
from the decomposition of bituminous coal,
Lbut It was not until 133 years later that
.but
h.
Vlur
is practical value of coal gas ss an
imlnant waa demonstrated by William
Murdock. a Scotchman, who constructed
the apparatus for lighting his house and
y at Redruth, Cornwall. Later gas was
Introduced as an lllumlnant In the Cotton
mills at Manchester.
.JThe experiments of Lebon In Paris at
tracted the attention of Wlnsor. "the father
of modern gas lighting." in 179. and he
urged London to use ths lllumlnant for
general lighting, but not until 1X10 did he
secure the Incorporation of the Gas Light
and Coke company. Another two years
passed before the royal charter could be
procured, and It waa In WIS that the West
minster bridge was lighted by gas.
The streets of Paris began to be lighted
by gas In 183V The movement spread to
thla country, snd the use of gas begsn la
Baltimore in 1KI in nos.on in isa anoin
Ksw lk In the fallowing year. The
Baltimore In 1S21. In Boston In IKS and In
flams then was nit comparable In Illumin
ating power to the gas today.
. Maklfiar ( nnl (.
I Coal taa I mad from a particular kind
of bituminous coal that la known In the
trade ai una coal. It yields from 4.75 cubic
fret to 5 cubic feet of gas to the pound, and
moat if the beat grade come from the
Pittsburg lli-lds, Went Virginia, Tennessee,
Indian Territory and Colorado.
Th machinery and processes for making
coal gas are rather Intricate, but they are
entirely automatic, at least where the re
torts are stoked by machinery, and they
rarely ret out of order. The gaa la gen
erated In firs clay retorts which are usually
set up In sections or benches of si.
Undef these benches are glowing fires of
coke, which often sre not allowed to die
down In years and which heat ths retorts
to a temperature of about 1.S0O degrees Fah
renheit. Into these white hot retorts Is
projected the gas coal.
In some of the plants of the Consflldnd
company this work Is done by a machine
Invented by William H. Bradley, the vet
eran chief engineer of the company. In
others the ahnvelling la done by hand.
Each retort holda about pounds and as
It must be Mlled quickly It la a Job requir
ing a great deal of alertness and physical
strength.
As each retort Is filled an Iron door Is
closed over the mouth and locked with
gas tight Joints. As the coal Is being re
duced to coke by the great heat the gas
loaded with tar and other byproducta as.
tends through a bell-ahaped funnel which Is
fastened on the end of a standpip leading
to the hydraulic U-shaped main which Is
placed over the long row of retorts.
On the top of the stsndplpe there Is a
bridge or arch plpo from which hangs a
dip pipe which Is bolted to the hydraulic.
Passing down Into this main the gas dips
below the ammonlocal liquid with which
the hydraulic main Is partly filled and by
being thus sealed the gas Is prevented from
returning to the retorts when they are
opened.
Washing the fins.
But this Is only one step In the process
through which Illuminating coal gas must
go before It Is ready for the consumers.
It la drawn from the hydraulic main by an
exhauster, which la operated by a rotary
steam pump, to relievo the back pressure
on the retorts, thrown by ths holders and
the friction of gas as It passes through
the apparatus.
On the next stage of the Intricate ma
chinery the gaa goes to the tar extractor
and has Its face partly washed that is, it
Is, relieved of all the heavy tar that was
not dropped tn the hydraulic main. By
this time the gas has fallen In temperature
to about 100 degrees, but It Is further cooled
to GO or 60 degrees In the condenser.
This part of the apparatus resembles a
tubular boiler. The water passes through
the tubes In one direction, while the gas
passes outside In the opposite direction.
Having been sufficiently cooled the gas
goes to the scrubber for a final bath.
As near as possible all of tho ammonia
gas Is washed out and then the product is
tent along to the purifiers to get whatever
sulphur there may be out of H. These
purifiers sre cast Iron boxes with covers
sealed In water to prevent the escape of
gaa. They are filled In layers with either
slack lime or oxide of Iron and through
these layers the product pusBes, leaving
the sulphur behind.
The next journey of the gas, which Is
now ready for consumption. Is to the sta
tion meters, huge recording Instruments
showing precisely how much gas Is passing
to the holders at any minute of the day.
It Is from these figures that the Consoli
dated company gets the gross total of gas
made.
The net total of the lllumlnant sold Is
ascertained from the total of Individual
meters throughout the city, and the differ
ence between the two. making due allow
ance for condensation In the street mains,
constitute the leakage. It the readers ever
notice men drawing very black and highly
odorous water from a tap In the streets
they will know that the sweet scented
mess was once Illuminating gaa which has
condensed In the mains.
Storing the Gas.
But to go back to the Journey of the
manufactured product. From the station
meters ths gas is sent to the holders, the
exhauster still getting In its fine work and
urging the lllumlnant along the way that
leads to gas bills and many swear words.
This holder proposition Is one of the most
puirllng of all to the lay mind.
How does the gas get In and how does It
get out? If It Is tba weight of the bolder
that forces the gas into the mains, why
does not the same pressure drive back the
gas to the retorts, blowing oft the covers
and making a merry Ume generally? Well,
It Is right here that the exhauster Is on
the job again.
Ever since the gas left the retorts In
j oru(ie form thla machine has been drawing
It away and forcing It along all through
the apparatus. The same force dvlves It
through the Intake of the holder and pre
vents It from backing up when the gaa Is
pouring Into the mains for distribution.
The giant holders In New York are tele
scopic, as they are in all other big cities.
Tho capacity at present of the largest Is
often 5,000,000 cublo feet, but there is one
In England which holds 12,000,000 cublo feet.
Gas Is admitted to these holders and
drawn from them by pipes which go down
under the foundations and up on the Inside
to a point above the water level. The
holders ae seated In water which seals
them and makes Impossible the escape of
gas from the bottom.
When gaa la admitted to a holder that Is
empty It fills first the space between the
closed top and the watsr In the tank. As
It continues to enter the pressure Increases
until It Is sufficient to overcome the weight
of the holder, which then begins to rise.
When the supply coming In gets smaller
than the supply going out the holder begins
to go down again. The lifts which mske
the holders telescope sre so arranged that
they rest In cups which are filled with suf
ficient water to seal them Just ss the main
body of the holder Is sealed.
From the holders the gas passes to the
valve house, where the pressure Is regu
lated on the mains. .In some plants the
regulation is done automatically, but In
moat of the consolidated plants hand levers
and wheels to turn the valves are used.
The chsnge In the pressure required Is
often to great that It is not thought safe
to leave the regulation entirely to auto
matic agencies, so there Is 'always some
one In the valve house night and day to
listen for the electric signals showing what
the pressure is below Grand street, for
Instance, or to watch the gauges which
Indicate how strong the flow Is at the plant.
Before the gas gets to your meter It Is
likely to have been tested for candle power
and the like by City Examiner Love, These
tests must be made at least a mile away
from the plant where the gaa is msnu
factured. If the candle power is too low
or amy other defect Is found In the gas
the company Is notified and the matter
remedied.
Hark A ceased Meter.
The meter which the consumer has In his
house Is constructed on the plan of a pair
of humsa lunss. only that they do not
work together. These lungs are sheepskin
pouches and they control the movements
of the clockworkllks machinery which does
the recording.
As oos lung expands with gas the other
Is contracting from the flow passing out
The object of having these lungs work In
this manner Is to preserve a steady flow
I of to the burner.
Gas men declare that In the main it Is
uas men oec.ar. ., ,n .... .
, the fairest and squarest dsvto? that could be
Invented to measure the amount of gas I
going through, but there Is almost a uni
versal belief among householders and other
consumers that this Is by no means a true
description of the machine. They seem to
be utterly deaf to sll arguments, and In
stead of listening to an explanation that a
vast majority of meters are Inclined to run
slowlnstead of fast, they demand to know
why their bill for this month Is twice ss
high as It was In the same period lastyear.
The number of complaints In the course
of a year here altout bills Is simply enor
mous, and yet only a small frsetlon of
the conslumers will tske the trouble to
learn to read their own meters. It Is as
easy to learn ss telling time, and when
once acquired It provides a wsy to settle
all disputes about the smount furnished.
. The lndexer comes around on a certain
day each month. If the consumer would
follow him and make a record of the meter
the figures on the bill could be compared
when It arrives. If the consumer finds no
mistake In the record of the lndexer and
he still thinks he IS being charged too much
he can call for a test of the meter, and It
won't cost him a cent.
Beside bearing the seal of the State Gaa
commission every meter Is elaborately
tested by the company nefore It la put
Into use. Gas experts declare that from
the very nature of the machine It Is more
apt to go slow thsn fast, although they
do not deny that a certain percentage of
the machines do at times get out of order
and record more than paases through them.
Correct registration depends In the main
on the full expansion of the leather lungs.
Sheepskin under certain conditions dries
up In the meter and the gas passes
through without the proper expansion.
There are other causes for slow meters,
such as the clogging of the delicate re
cording machinery, but a test will always
decide whether It Is running fast or slow.
Water Gas.
The process of making .water gas Is al
most identical with the process of making
coal gaa, except In Its Initial stages. Car
bureted water gas Is made by forcing
steam through anthracite raised to Incan
descence by means of forced blasts of air.
This process Is carried on In a steel shell
lined with fire bricks and filled with coal.
When the proper temperature Is reached
the blast is shut off, the outlet for escape
la closed and the steam Is admitted to the
fire forming the blue gas. The gas Is then
led to a relief holder and from there Is
drawn to a series of steam-heated shelves,
on whtoh naphtha Is vaporized.
The mixture of gasand vapor thei passes
through externally heated retorts, the
vapor being converted by the heat Into a
permanent gas. Like coal gas the water
gas la then condensed and purified, but It
Is not scrubbed. The distribution from the
noider Is exactly like that of coal gas, only
the water gas can be made much faster.
CHARITIES AND CORRECTIONS
Plans of the National Conference to
Meet at Minneapolis Next
Month.
The national conference of Charities and
Correction meets in Minneapolis, June to
12. The purpose of these annual meetings
la to bring together men and women en
gaged In charitable work and social ad
vance throughout the United States. At last
year s conference In Philadelphia 1.400 per
sons attended, and It Is confidently ex
pected that next month's meeting will sur
pass It In numbers and Interest.
The recent development of philanthropic
work has been remarkable. First there
were state Institutions for the adult; later
Institutions for the child carried the work
of prevention back one step. The latest de
velopment has been back from the child In
the Institution to the child In the com
munity, the work of prevention done by
child labor laws, juvenile courts, and In
dustrial education. Of the nine standing
committees of the conference this year, five
legislation, state supervision, Insane and
epileptic, the defective, prison and police
administration emphasise the importance
of the problems of state care; while com
mittees on children, on needy families,
"their homes and neighborhoods," on "the
promotion of health In home, school and
factory," and on worklngmen's Insurance
further show the strength-of the new move
ment of prevention.
The National Conference on the Education
of Backward. Truant and Delinquent Chil
dren will also hold its annual session In
Minneapolis on June 10 and 11, and the Na
tlonal Children's Home Finding society will
convene on June 20 and 21. so that In reality
there will be a continued conference on
charitable work from June 10 to 21.
The opening session of the Conference of
Charities will be held on Wednesday even
ing. June 12, at 8 o'clock. In Minneapolis'
magnificent auditorium, and on Sunday af
ternoon, June 1C. at the same place the an
nual conference sermon will be delivered
by Archbishop Ireland. The remaining ses
sions will be held In the city and county
building, where there are a half dozen
available rooms with seating capacity rang
ing from 200 to .
SOLDIERS LESS A TARGET
World-Wide Adoption of Inconspicu
ous Khaki Uniforms for
Active Service.
Virtually all armies now have uniforms
of khaki or other Inconspicuous material
for active service. The brass buttons and
scarlet coats that once made the soldier
a target have disappeared, and even parade
uniforms are quiet.
In one place, however, brass buttons still
hold their own on the broad bosoms of
our police. The patrolman has to wear
thern both on parade and on the firing-line.
Few things are so comforting to the hurt.
lar and bank robber as the thought of that
uuudio row or smning disks standing out In
the darkness. They are as pleasing to the
hold-up artist and "yeggman" as were
me re a costs or uraaocirs regulars to the
Indians ambushed outside of Fort Duquesne.
Much of the patrolman's night work con
slats of prowling around black alleys and
back doors In the deserted business district.
With long practice he Is able to lurk In
shadows and sometimes get the start of
an unsuspicious crook. But the moment
be turns his face toward danger he is as
visible as though a spot-light were thrown
upon him, nd his double row of brass
buttons make him a walking sign-post for
the rrlmlnel who wants to get away, and a
plain target for the one who prefers to
hoot.
The governments of the world have
recognized, both In uniforms and tactics,
tha the private soldier has a right to be
as small a target as possible. But the
policemen Is still bound down by military
tradition In the matter of hla uniform. He
la a military relic and anachronism. Sat
urday Evening Post.
Rast Tenants More Nnmndle.
"The first thing I ask a prospective ten
ant." said a landlord, "Is, 'Have you car
pets or rugs?" I'm alwaya glad when the
apartment hunter answers 'Carpe's.' I've
got so that I always sk that question an 1
whenever possible I rent to the people who
sre so old-fashioned ss to c Ing to carpets.
There is nothing like a carpet to hold a
tenant In place. A lease Isn't half ao ef
fective. Carpeia are cut to fit the floors
and it will require pretty bis Inducement
to get their owner to pull up stakes and
go to some other place thiri the carpet
will have to be made over again. The ad
vocate of ruga la held down by no eurh
consideration. Ruga mill tit any floor and
the person using them will move every
month If he feels like It Therefore, rive
. - Un,nt, wlth th. bit. "-Pitts
J bur, ijupatcb.
RIVAL OF ROYAL ACADEMY
Exhibition at Art Gallery in Loudon i
Sew Orrn.
aanssassssnssM
PICTURES ARE NOT LP TO STANDARD
Critic Finds Dullness ( hlef Featara
ol Exhibit, with One or Two
Good Portraits and
Landscapes.
LONDON. May t (Special Correspond
ence. )-The new gallery's exhibition la now
open. This exhibition Is the chief rival of
the Royal academy In the summer, and Its
aim Is to set ahead of the older Institution.
It gots ahead In point of time, for it opened
a fortnight earlier, but If It has got ahead
this year In point of quality, then the
Royal acadrmy will be a very poor show
Indeed. Perhaps the present collection of
pictures seems particularly poor, coming,
aa It does. Immediately after the exhibition
of the International society, held In these
same galleries. That stands a much better
chance of being a good show, for the best
talent of many nations Is assembled and
the committee Is catholic In Its tastes.
At one time the new gallery befriended
gifted artists who were not accepted by
the Royal academy. The fiery, quarrel
some Whistler never came to terms with
the powers that be at Burlington house;
and Bume-Jones. although he exhibited
there once or twice after lie was tarldly
elected an associate, returned to those who
first recognized his talent.
Watts, too, showed his best pictures
there. Then the New gallery had a reason
for Its existence. Now these men are dead
and the galleries are mostly filled with the
work of a few feeble Imitators and certain
artists who are not accepted by the Royal
academy.
Oh, the dullness of them! The uninterest
ing. Insipid, mediocre, dullness! With great
cunning their work Is placed In the first
two rooms, otherwise the visitors would
never have looked at them, at all.
A Few Good Plctnrea.
There are commonplace maidens. In In
adequate drapery playing on Impossible In
struments, while they smirk at the spec
tator; there are coy Greek shepherdesses
struggling with shepherds whose muscles
look as though they were bags stuffed
with sawdust; there are pretty cottages
with the regulation flower garden. There
are Illustrations of medieval legends,
which perhaps would not be so bad If re
duced to the size of an illustrated manu
script.
In these rooms the mediocre dullness Is
relieved by one or two good portraits and a
few good landscapes. Almost the first pic
ture one comes to Is a landscape by Moffat
Lindner.
It would be Interesting If one could only
see It. But why. oh why, Is It glazed? To
look at a picture through a glass Is al
most as Irritating aa looking at a notable
personage or a pretty woman or a fine
stretch of country from behind a closed
window. One longs to throw up the win
dow and get a clearer view.
It Is permissible to protect an Invaluable
work of an old master by glazing It; but
In the present case the glass only serves
to reflect- the other pictures In the room
or else the visitors.- Moffat Lindner Isa
capable artist and does charming work
when he sticks to his own style. It Is
foolish of him to Imitate Arthur Melville,
as o . many others are doing since thei
posthumous exhibition of that exceptionally
gifted man.
Sir James Linton's large picture, "The
Admonition," Is a nice old-fashioned, early
Victorian work. iA bishop, has arrayed
himself In his mitre and priestly garments
to go and chide a wastrel prince who Is
Idling away his time In the company of
a singing girl and a troupe of marionettes.
Some Pirtnres Noticed.
Byram Shaw Is more at home In dealing
with a large emblematic composition. His
coloring Is apt to be a trlfleNirudts. and In
the "Caged Bird" the green is too rank
and the detail overelaborated of the for
mal garden which obviously forms the
cage of the girl who Is kneeling in the
middle of the lawn. She is holding In
her hand a bird cage of which she has
opened the door, and her upward look fol
lows the other caged bird she has Just
liberated.
The first picture In the next room Is a
portrait by J. J. Shannon, A. R. A., of
the Countess Stradbroke. She has cast up
her eyes with a tearful look, as much as
to say, "Why am I placed In the com
pany of all these Indifferent works of
.art?" .
The full length portrait of Hon. Mrs.
Coulson Fellowes by the same artist
hsngs on the opposite side of the room.
She Is trying to look as though she were
not conscious that her white evening dress
was really too dirty to wear. .
Percy S pence, endeavoring to make John
Burns, M. P., look Uko a cabinet minister,
has toned dow n his rugged countenance and
reduced the size of his massive shoulders
till he Is as much like a common-place
personage as it would bo possible for John
Burns to be. J. E. Blanche has a portrait
of Lucien Simon, a simple and forcible
work, without the harshnuss of color and
technique which he so often gels In his
more ambitious paintings.
InUneui't) of Whistler.
Harrington Mann has a sueceiwful picture
portrait of a child called "Kathleen." With
out being an Imitation of Whistler's style,
the Inlluence of that master Is felt In the
scueina ol' k'ruy, relieved by the louche
or rose colored ribbons In the oit.ld's hair.
Lady Alnui-'luUen.a's dainty little piutuie
called ' Love at the Mirror" shows a pretty
I ligura of a girl gatiiia at herself In a look
ing glass. Lady Alnia-Tadema has acquired
i her husband's finished technique and adds
j to It a charming quality of feeling all her
own
There axe three gucd landscapes In thla
room "A Solitary Place Against the Wind
and Open ky," by lvyatan Hellierlngton,
a silvery gray picture In which a winding
stream reJlect the warm light In the sky;
"Moorluxid," by Arnold Prieslmun. where
rolling clouds throw shadows on the undu
lating moors; and "The Dignity of Autumn."
by Alfred East. A- R- A., a decorative coin
position which shows the influence of the
foreign school of lundscaplsts.
The north room contains all that Is best
In the exhibition. Here the works of John
Sargtant. R. A., though by no moans the
bekt examples of his paintings, easily take a
first place. He sends a full length portrait
of the Rev. KUiuoud Warre. late head
master of Eton, and a half length of Mrs.
Harold Harmsworth.
Both thow s.gna of Impatience, as though
he had not given sufficient time to the draw
ing and arrangement before beginning to
paint, and tit head of Dr. Warre iO"ka
unfinished. The high lights flicker over
the face and the head seems too small In
proportion. But the figure has much dig
nity, and the black of the gown Is superbly
painted, relieved as It is, against archi
tectural background taken from the build
ings at Win.
Where Sargeat Falls.
As much cannot be said for the black
dress of Mrs. Harmsworth. It is true that
It Is a velvet dress, which makes It heavier
In' texture, but the color of the flesh tones
hal a sunny quality, to account for which
a streak of sunlight Is Introduced on rhwijetter rata of foraigo posts from 10 to II
balustrade tn the background, and la that
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head $19.0Q Other drop head machines .$11.00
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GEO. E MICKEL. Manager.
CORNER 15TH AND HARNEY, OMAHA. PHONE DOUGLAS 1663.
334 BROADWAY, COUNCIL BLUFFS. BOTH PHONES 559.
L - ifi.jw La. ji.j a issi s aestj umi josjs .jiim j
case the dress could not be of a dense
unrelieved black It would also be toned
by the sunlight.
The upper part of Jhs picture Is filled
with dark trees behind the balustrade.
which stick to the head. Instead of being
some dlatanco behind It. The painting Is
altogether false In tone. If Sargent uses
conventional landscape background he
ought to give at least a suggestion of pleln
air. A bit of conventional white gnuse Is
Introduced to break up the monotony of
the black dress, but It Is wound around the
wrist of the left arm, which hangs straight
down. In such a way ns to make the hand
and arm sll the same thickness.
Sir George Reld, H. S. A., sends two ad
mirable portraits, one of the Very Rev.
Principal Robert Story and one of Sir
Charles Igan, deputy keeper of the signet.
The stern old Scotch lawyer has a merry
twinkle In hla eye.
Austen Brown, A. R. 8. A., has a picture
which Is nearly very good Indeed. A girl
In a white frock Is sitting at a window on
a hot summer day. The composition and
treatment are original, but the blue sky
and landscape are too dark In tone for Au
gust sunshine and destroy what Is other
wise a brilliant effect. Shannon's picture.
entitled, "The Silver Ship," has consider
able charm, but the girl's pose Is exagger
ated; she Is standing too much thrown
back, as though the sliver ship she Is hold
ing were of great weight.
(;ooit Landscape.
J. Is. Pickering's landscape, "Sylvia's
Pool." Is the most attractive landscape In
he whole exhibition. It Is rich In color,
good In composition, and clever In techni
que. It Is hard to understand why this
excellent painter has been overlooked In
the way of honors. lie has been paaaed
over by the Royal academy, and he Is not
a member of any of tho well known so
cieties. Hughes Stanton's landacape, "The Gorge,
Fontalnebleau," Justifies the large scale on
which It Is carried out. It Is simple In
color and composition; It Is full of feeling,
and the distance Is admirably conveyed.
There Is nothing remarkable In the way
of sculpture with which the central hall
Is filled. The moat Important work In
point of size Is Richard Neville, earl of
back, by Felix Joubert. It Is not subtle
In modeling; the tinted trappings of horse
and rider and the silvered chain armor
give It the effect of a magnified toy.
Prince Troubelikoy's bust of Bernard
Shaw might be meant for a raricsture, but
It Is so rough that It la difficult to say
what It Is meant for. There are two busts
by Harvard Thomas, whose "Lycldas"
made a sensation a few years ago. The
statue of "Lycldas" wss rejected by the
Royal academy, the committee violently
disagreeing aa to Ita merits. The New
gallery found a place for It and It became
famous on account of ths discussion It
had raised.
The two busts he exhibits this year, of
"Mrs. C. K. Butler" and "Miss Alma Wer
thelmer," are of considerable merit, but
the academic finish and extreme smooth
ness result In a loss of vitality and
character.
Lucien Galllard, a follower of Lallque,
has a caae full of Jewelry and tinted
carved horn ornaments. Princess Louise
of Schleswlg-Holsteln has also a case of
enameled Jewelry, and Alexander Fisher
has two pieces of Jewelry. One Is a fins
piece of repousse work, thinly enameled
with a beautiful opal matrix In ths cen
ter, and the other Is In gold, set with
pearl and rubles.
Poatal Treaty la Relcbstagr.
BERLIN. May U.-The International
postal convention adopted by the Interna
tional Postal congretpa at Rome, In May
laat, prepared Its first reading In th
Riechstag today. II err von Krastke, sec
retary of the Imperial poetofflce referred
with satisfaction to Germany's success In
persuading ths government to raise the
pennyweights.
BISHOPS O'N UNIVERSITY
funding Committee Itiues Statement Em
bodying; Ideti of Irish Hierarchy.
GOVERNMENT IS ASKED TO RUSH BILL
Any One of These Plana Submitted
Will He Satisfactory at Present,
bnt Conditions May
Change,
DUBLIN, May 11 (Special.) Cardinal
Logue, the archbishop of Dublin and
Tuam and six bishops were present at the
meeting of the standing committee of the
Roman Cutholle archblxhopa and blshopa
Just held here. At the conclusion of their
deliberations a statement bearing upon the
Irish university question was Issued. They
state:
It Is, In our opinion, quite possible within
the general outline of the plan to meet
sulrstantially the claims that we have re
peatedly put forward on behalf of the
tut ho lie body In Ireland and at the same
time make suitable provlslng for the gen
eral fducatlunal Interests of the country.
In the memorandum sent by us on July
25, I'.Kiti, to the royal commission on Trimly
college, Dublin, and the University of Dub
lin, we stated that In our opinion the Cath
olics of Ireland would be prepared to accept
any one of three plans of settlement of the
university question. That Is still our be
lief, but a ths same time we feel that
the government, having In the exercise of
Its undoubted right, made Ita choice
amongst these plans, it Is our duty loyally
and fairly to meet It, and give its pro
posals our most friendly and sympathetic
consideration.
tin the supposition, then, that the gov
ernment gives us an adequate and worthy
scheme, on any one of the three plans
which we put before the royal commission,
we, for our part, shall be prepared to ac
cept it as final, and aa the settlement In
our time of the Irish university question.
Of course, neither we nor anyone else can
foraee what the natural development of
Institutions may bring with It; but on the
condition Just stated as far aa ws are con
cerned, we shall conalder the Catholic
grievance as removed und the whole ques
tion as closed.
The declaration then pleads for the Im
mediate action on' the part of the govern
ment In connection with the plan as se-
tlm may be folmd ,(( ,ntroduca , parJ,a.
ment It and the other "Irish measure of
still greater Importance"
ent session.
during ths pres-
OLD DETECTIVE LEAVES FORCE
Inspector Joan Walsh of Scotland
Yard Recalls Work at
"Forty Thieves."
IiONDON. May 11. (Special.) There has
Just retired from the detective force of
Scotland yard a man who, after nearly
thirty years of service, has won records
of which Sherlock Holmes might well be
proud. This Is Iietectlve Inspector John
Walsh, who helped to capture the dynaml
tards cf the eighties, to track down th
anarchists of the nineties and who arrested
the notorious "Invincible No. 1," who closed
th infamous "Autonomy Club" and who
has taken no small part in th work of
protecting Queen Victoria, the present king,
the csar and th kaiser a well as other
ruler cf Kurope. Pressed for the most
Interesting Incident in connection with his
career, he would only recall th Incident
of "The Forty Thieves." .
"The Forty Thieves" continued Inspector
Walsh, wer a well known band of crimi
nals, when I first Joined th fore In 1S7S
and was stationed at Bow street. They
consisted of a number of pretty girls be
tween the ages rf 14 ar.d 1. who walked
th streets of London and decoyed raen Into
dark thoroughfare In and around St. Giles
and th Seven Dials, where they were set
upon by a less attractive gang of men In
leagu with th "Forty Fair Ones," de
prived of their valuable and sometimes
beaten sometime worse. Th men num
bered among than soma of th worst erlml-
We offer to sell you an
EDISON or VICTOR Talk
ing Machine at the LOWEST
CASH PRICE at which ma
chines can be bought, on the
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the records only, and begin
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days later.
i
!
nals to be found in London and how they
managed to get hold of so ninny really
pretty and really young girls and maintain
a hold over them has always been some
thing of a mystery. Among the meni wets
aomo of the most famous criminals of
thirty years ago, burglars, coiners, foot
pads nnd thieves. Along with some col
leagues at Bow street I was Instrumental
In breaking up the gangs and within
twelve months there was not one of them
who has not done penal servitude."
HONOR
FOR PHYSICIANS
Arma of Two May lie Augmented by
Addition of Royal
Lion.
LONDON, May 11. (Special.) The British
Medical Journal says: "The king has
granted a very uncommon honor to Sir
Frederick Treves nnd Sir Francis Laklng
In recognition of their 'great skill and un
remitting attention' during- his maleaty'
dangerous Illness In 19U2. The king has by
royal warrant granted to them-an honor
able augmentation to their nrma. This aug
mentation conslfts of the addition to their
shields of one of the lions from the royal
arms.
"The late Sir William Gull received aa
honorable augmentation of the prince of
Walea' feathers for his services, but so far
as wo can ascertain professional service
have never before been rccognlxed by th
Incorporation of the royal arms with thos
of a physician or surgeon; In fact, to find
precedent for the grant of an lionocabl
augmentation for Ilk services It la neces
sary, we believe, to go back to the time of
Charles II, who added certain Items from
the royal arms to the shields of the Pen
drells of Hoscoble and to the Lanes, mem
bers of these families having been Instru
mental In saving his life after the battle of
Worcester. Honorable augmentations have
occasionally been granted to great court
official, the Inst recipient being, we be
lieve, the late earl of Liverpool, who re
ceived additional arms to commemorate th
fact that he was lord steward of his maj
esty's household, while Ms Son. Lord
Hawkesbury. was lord steward to the vice
regal household In Dublin. The royal War
rant (or Sir Frederick Treves and Sir Fran
cis Laking directs that the augmentation
now granted shall be borne bv their de
scen lante and the uncommon character of
the honor thus conferred Illustrates th
fact that the king la not unmindful of tb
medical profession."
EARTH GIVES UP TREASURE
Trembler Rear Lisbon Throw Bnrledi
niches to Surface and
People Dig.
LISBON, May ' 11. (Special.) An arth
tremor followed by a moderate tidal wave
has thrown up a remarkable treasure
trove on the shore of Nasareth, one of
the prettiest seaside resorts on th Portu
guese coasts.
Among the articles found are a large
quantity of snclent arms, valuable coins of
all nationalities, gold buttons, scarfpln
and other Jewelry of considerable value.
It proves to be treasure hidden 'in an
ancient stronghold of the bucaneers of th
Spanish main. Excavations are being mad
and further discoveries are being dally ex
pected. BRITISH READY FOR TROUBLE
Consulate la All Place In Persia,
Are laereaslaa" Number of
Guards.
TEHBRAN, May ll.-Speclal.)In view
of trouble In th near future all the British,
consulates guards In the country are bring
strengthened. Troops are In from India
for this purpose. It Is understood that
for some time past th government has
been receiving large supplies of war muni
tion from Franc and Is steadily preparing
to meet the next outbreak, which 1 ex
pected to com la th near future.
