Nebraska Newspapers

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niE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: APHIL 21, 1907.
IMELY REAL ESTATE TALK
C??n;E2 ef Asia Tisxu inCltjtha rtsr
- if tbt k.
MANUFACTURERS LOcK FOR TRACINGS.
tnlon Paclfla lunnln t Fill It
Korth (.n4 Lot (ran Hirer la
lirnliU kite lor .
ttMlldlOK.
Few Important real estat deaia wtra
consummated Uuru.g tha Uat WHk and
th record for dullness of tha prtvloua
week wh alnioat surpassed, put tha out
U a is exceedingly hopeful for rejuve
iP,ud activity, and many Important deais
are now In a period of Incubation.
One of the muat notable feature of tha
trada waa the opening of aeveral large
acreage tracta In tha city which have
been held and kept intact through tha
many yeara of tha development of tha
city. These tracta were part of eatatea or
sites bought many yeara ago for Inveau
ment, tha reallaatlon upon which will un
doubtedly accrue to tha material benefit of
tha owner.
The largeat tract waa that of nine acrea
at the northwtet corner of Twtnty-fourth
and Iak street, which la known aa tha
h' -estead of tha lata Mutthewson T. Pat
f' and la owned by tola widow, Mra.
iixa Burdetta Patrick. Tha tract ha a
been held for thirty-five yeara, but la now
to be platted and put on the market by
George St Co. Fifty-two full olty inta are
provided In tha tract
Another large tract placed on tha mar
ket waa that on Lke atrfet extending
from Sherman avenue to Eighteenth atreet.
which waa aold by General John C. Cowln
for SlO.ouO to Oarvln Broa. and Haatlnga
it IleyUtn. Thla tract, which contalna an
apple orchard, la to be platted by tha buy
era and the width of Lake atreet doubled.
Oniont sidewalk adjoining the premlsca
will tm built; water, gaa and aewnr main
will be In Id and, with the Improvement,
tha flnlnhod lota ready for residence build
ing will be placed on the market
A small acre In tho choice West Farnam
district ha been sold by the Simon C.
Hlicrwood estate, through the agency of
" the Byron Reed company, to John W. Rob
hlna. The lot Is at the southeast corner nf
Thirty-ninth street and Dewey avenue,
several feet below grade, and will he
graded and subdivided for Immediate sale
aa residence Iota.
The vacant lot, 133 feet square, at the
m' ti(irtheat corner of Twenty-seventh and
I Chicago streets, which Is owned by C. H.
Sheldon A Son, bankers at Columbus, Is to
ba Improved by the ereotlon of six mod
ern cottages to cost about 12,000 each. The
firm Is represented In Omaha by George O.
Wallace.
Factory sites with ample trackage facili
ties are beoomlng more scarae every day,
and a number of new Industrie will be lo
cated In Omaha aa soon a suitable aitea
can be obtained. Bltea are being aought by
tha Bowman-Krana Lumber company of
Bloux City for a large central distributing
yard for Its line of yards throughout Ne
braska, Iowa and Kansas, and several local
concerns are contemplating changes aa soon
aa new building altea can ba secured.
The Johnson-McLean Mill company,
which waa burned out last winter on Its
old site at Sixth and Jones streets. Is en.
deavorlng to And a large site with trackage
for a new mill of two stories to be oon-
"'destructive fire of last winter when the
old mill of tha company was practically
ruined, temporary quarters were secured
In Council Bluffs, but the company will
remove to Omaha and build this summer if
a site containing about 30,000 square feet
can be had upon which to build the new
mill and lumber sheds.
Another firm desiring to secure a sits
upon which to build a large factory Is
tha Omaha Mitten and Manufacturing
company, whose business has outgrown
its present quarter near Fourteenth and
Howard atreeta, where three floor are
crowded to their capacity with machinery
and stock, raw and finished product.
Several acres of bottom land within the
enclosure of tha Union Pacific yard, which
have been of little value to the company,
ara to be reclaimed by a novel method
thla summer. The land In question extends
from Isard street, where two buildings are
to be built, to Seward street on the north.
and from Eighth to Sixth streets. Includ
ing the famous ' Murphy'a hole" at the
northern end of the tract, which la about
five or six feet below level. It is planned
to fill thla large tract with aand pumped
from the river by means of a centrifugal
pump and carried to the bottom lands In
large pipe, where the water and aand
will be confined by dikes until the silt has
ettled, when the waste water will ba re
leased. The method ha met with great
suoceis In other cities, notably in Chicago,
where the Illinois. Central yard ware re
claimed with aand pumped from tha ad
jacent Lake Michigan. About 150,000 cubic
yard of earth will be required to com
plete tha fill and It will result In the aai
vage of much valuable land for future
building site. The method to be employed
la In direct contraat to that of excavating
for the new Haarmann ptckle factory at
Thirteenth and Marcy atreeta, where a
huge bluff will be ground up In a pulveris
ing machine and the dirt waahed Into tha
river. Both reclamation operation will be
watched with Interest thla aummer, aa they
have never been employed before In Omaha.
After considering aeveral sites for gen
eral office and the main exchange build
ing, the Independent Telephone company
allied upon the eaat half of tha lot at the
northeast corner of Twentieth and Harney
at ret-t s, which was ued for a public play
ground, and bought tha property for $11,.
600 through the Byron Reed company from
tha eetata of Alice Folsom. Contructlon
of a two-tory and basement building to
coat about tfio.oro will be begun within a
few weeka on the newly acquired alte aa
aoon aa an architect selected and apeclfl
eatlona given to contractor. The lot haa
a frontage of aixty-slx feet on Harney
traet, adjoining tha alley on the east, and
Is Iff few deep. The new building will be
vjk'xio feet, allowing for eleven feet of air
Aand light apace on the west. Considera
tion la being given, to a building of three
stories, but tha two-atory building meet
with mora favor by tha crucial of the com.
fany.
Another large lot on the west side of
I Twenty-fourth atreet, Juat nort?j of Cum
1 lug atreet, waa bought by the telephone
y company aa a !te for a subexchange
building, aa It la planned to erect three,
r possibly five, aubstatl.ma In d.ffervnt
parts of the city. The Twenty-fourte,
atreet lot la located about four lota north
of the new fire angina house and I Sixtn
fevt. Tb lot was bought fiom the Mc
Cagua Investment company for $4 00 and
; other lota are under consideration with a
view to buying for the other branch ata
1 t:ona of the new 'phone company. The
Work of Installing condjlt for the new
telephone line will be begun next week,
wtisa a large force of workmen will be put
Two Omaha Hospitals lo Be
.. mi r-.. .arrSf . . -. ; - v
. ... - ;; ; . . '. , V, I-trtifl3--'-- v.-t1
NEW
at work digging trench ea In the alleys nf
tha downtown bualnea district. Material
for tha new condulta haa been received and
the llnea will be extended throughout the
territory to be covered during tha present
aeaaon
Action waa taken at tha last weekly
meeting of tha Real Estate exchange to
Indefinitely postpone the proposed banquet
to be given by the exchange to F. P.
Wead, W. O. t.re am) Charles F. Harrison
aa a token of the appreciation of the ex-chRna-e
for the valiant so-vlces performed
by them as a committee In pushing the
passage of the terminal tax bill. While
the services of the members ore duly ap
preciated it was thought Inadvisable to
hold the banquet for many reasons, chief
among which was that the banquet season
has passed and members are too busy at
present taking in commissions to engage
extensively In social pastimes. The com
mittee labored long and earnestly to have
their efforts crowned with success by the
passage of the bill, but the banquet propo
sition waa deemed to be Ill-timed, the mo
tion for Its postponement being supported
by ono of the members of the committee,
Mr. Harrison.
Improvement at the Patrick estate on the
Weat Dodge street road for occupancy by
the Happy Hollow Country club, which
bought the three buildings and several
acres for $30,000 a short time ago, are being
pushed with all pooslble haste In the hope
of having an early opening of tho new
outdoor club. Tom Bendalow, who la con
nected with Spalding Co. at Chicago,
arrived during tha week for the purpose
of laying out the golf course. Mr. Benda
low la an expert In hi line, having laid out
over 400 courses, and Is planning a full
course of eighteen holes at the new coun
try club. The course will ba about 1400
yards in length and will be one of tho
finest In the. We,? there" bsln nccesalty
for but few artificial hazard.
Tha Improvement long contemplated on.
tha lot of Herman Cohn at Sixteenth street
and Capitol avenue are In a fair way to
consummation and a new building four
stories In height for use as a hotel and
atore building will aoon be in course of
erection. The grading on the large lot.
which extend from Capitol avenue to
Davenport atreet on tha east aide of Six
teenth atreet,. haa been practically com
pleted and bids have been taken for the
new building, which will take the place
most acceptably of the former small stores
occupying tha site. Bid for the construc
tion of the new buildings were received
from seventeen contractor with tha In
tention that the building waa to be only
two-thlrda fireproof, but the blda received
were low enough to. warrant Mr. Cohn In
erecting a thoroughly fireproof building and
ravlaed figure ara being taken to that end.
The landscape In the vicinity of Four-
teenth and Davenport streets la undergoing
radical chuniges, due to the rapid construc
tion of the new Northwestern freight depot
and office building, for which contracts
were let to John H. Harte. The wcrk is
being dona under the Immediate supervision
of Architect Frederick W. Clarke, who was
appointed as supervisor by the Chicago
architects of the building. The retaining
walls for the new depot are nearly com
pleted and tho foundation work Is progress
ing rapidly. A large grading gang Is ex
cavating on the site for the new office
building eti the wet side of the freight
house and carpenters and masons are lay
ing the walls of the east side of tha new
depot.
Among the prominent vialtor In real es
tate circles wb Benjamin .F. FoUum of i
Chicago, who represents the estate of Alice
R Folsom, which comprise the north half
of the old Boston Store at Sixteenth and
Dougtaa atreeta and about a dozen city
lota It was the first visit of Mr. Folsom
to Omaha for about seven years, and he
expreased himself aa astonished and agree
ably surprlaed at tha growth Indicated in
the city. Mr. Folsom Is a cousin of Mrs.
Orover Cleveland and Benjamin Folsom of
Pasadena, Cal., former consul to Sheffield.
England. During his visit in the city Mr.
Folaom negotiated for the aale of a lot to
the Independent Telephone company.
Among the Important sales of down
town buslnesi property was that of the
north half of the three-story hrlck build
ing on the west side of Fourteenth street.
Just south of Dodge tr-t. which w
ild by A. P. Tukey St Son for the National
Land company to 8. A. Searie, the attor
ney, for $7.S0 a an Investment. The build
ing ha an annual rental of about $1.M0
and la occupied by the Novelty Skirt com
pany and a small printing offlce. It la
probable that th othrr half of the large
building will be sold for the land company
Within a short time, as this company is
rapidly closing out aeveral of Its business
properties through Tukey & Son.
The fine modern residence of the late
W. O. Sloan at IOCS South Thirtieth avenue
waa sold last week for. $S,000 to Jamvi
Philippe, master mechanic for the Cudahy
Packing company. The lot on which the
largo and comfortable residence Is a.tuated
haa a frontage of loo feet on Thirtieth
avenue. The sale waa made thrjugh the
Uyron Reed company.
Ohio Tratst Indletwenta.
TOLEDO, O., April . Over aeventy-flva
Indictments for violations of the Valentine
anti-truct law were returned today by the
county grand jury against wealthy anj
prominent local manufacturers and deal
ers. Th Indictments Include true bills
against lumber dealers, brick manufactur
er and members of the Master Plumbers'
aaeocUtlon. No corporation have been in
dicted, tha purpose of the prosecutor being
to bring ouater aulta against these and to
punish the officers,
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I . . I ! 1 I VI - i I - I I
WISH MEMORIAL IIOSPITAU
FUEL IN WASTE MATERIAL
Widasprtad Interest in tha Compound o'
tht Altoona Cobbler. 1
VARIOUS TISTS OF THE MATERIAL
Importune of the Discovery In Con
serving; the Pnel Supply and
( heapenlnsT Cost What It
Means to Factories.
John Elrmore, the humble cobbler of Al
toona, Pa., occupies for the moment a con
splcucus place In the limelight of Industrial
progress. The shoemaker is credited with
inventing or compounding a chemlonl prep
aration which, when mixed with ashes,
burns readily nnd produces an Intenso heat.
Such glowing reports of the fortune-making
poswllMlltles of the Invention have been pub
lished that Ellmore Is deluged with letters
and Importuned by promoters anxious to
get in on the ground floor.
Since the news of the discovery was given
to tn worm, Kllmore has given many
practical demonstrations, and those who
have witnessed them are convinced that
he has a secret that will completely revo
lutionise Industry, make the lot of human
its Immeasurably brighter, not to mention
warmer, and save millions of d liars an
nually In the cost of fuel. ,
To newspaper men the aged cobhler
talked of his discovery aa though it was an
everyday occurrence. But not a hint would
he drop as to the nature of the ingredi
ent that enter Into the compound that
transforms worthleea a&hea Into a highly
combustible fuel.
Demonstrating the process, Ellmore took
from a bottle about a tenspoonful of brown
ish stuff, much resembling sand. This he
tossed Into a bucket containing about two
gallons of water. Sprinkling the water over
the ashes, he declared that they were ready
for the sjnve.
In his shop is a small egg stove, and a
slow coal fire was burning, and when he put
a couple of shovels of prepared ashes on
the coals flames leaped high, as though a
highly explosive oil had been thrown upon
the fire. In a moment or two the fire set
tled to a steady glow, and continued thus
for an hour. Tho stove was red-hot In a
few minutes.
One of the strange features of the prepa
ration Is that after the ashes are used they
beoome hard, resembling coke. Ellmore ex
tracted a shovelful from the stove, and
when It had cooled It was as hard as Iron.
He then threw it back Into the stove, where
It was consumed.
Dr. IT. K. Hoy, an Altoona physician who
has rendered assistance to Ellmore In per
fecting his formula, gave a demonstration
' at his horn that convinced Bkertles that
' there Is merit In the discovery. Hoy claims
that he cut his coal bill In half last winter
by using the compound which Ellmore had
given him to experiment with.
Ellmore hardly knows what to do with
his discovery. Inoulrlcs are -vrir.T In upon
him offering assistance In getting his patent
upon th market, but the cobbler Is so dazed
hy the eudden chance of fortune that he
has not the slightest idea of his future
movements.
"The poor cobhler of Altoona" may be
the way future freneritlons will speak of
Jchn FIlTinr If as a result of his combus
tion secret gaa sells at 60 cents a thousand,
railroad fares are half wl-at they are to
day, rents are cut 40 per cent, blast fur
naces are run at one-half the expense thev
are run at now, and the supoly of coal
so conserved that danger of exhausting It
1 b "-"noved. The possibilities that may
follow the practlciil utilization of Ellmore'a
method of extracting heat from wr.stc ma
terial, says the Chicago Inter Occnn, are
so far-reaching as to stagger the Imagin
ation. The total value of the output of the blast
furnaces of tha I'nlted States la now be
tween $50,000,000 and $;oo.o00,ooo a year.
Taking the Increase In the demand In the
lust five years for Iron and ateel products
STUDEMT ENROLLMENT AT THE LEADING AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES
Comparative Rcokt:a:lon Figure?, November, 19)6, Compiled lor Columbia I'niverslly Quarlerly
? 3 ' ? ? -3 : ? l Z CI a a l k i ?;? 2 7 3 f 3 ?
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? : : : : :hs ::S: t r ? : : ?
: : : : i w 3 : : : : . : a : ; : :
SiiLi iiJjl.Ulliiiiillili- Llii
Arts. Men I M 702 60i II KZ I 86! I 6C3 !l66! KJ I S3 1 1 i 515! 371 sJ :'63! 3G8 I ft 3o7 I 761 I 27I 7S5 1300
Art. Women ' "0
fklent.flc I Vji
Ijiw I 40
Medicine I 64
Graduate I
Agriculture
Architecture
Art
Dentistry
Dlv'nlty
iv.restry
Music
Kednjogy
Phirnney
Veterinary
Other courses
Deduct double registration
Total 12743 :S4-' '3N6 I
Summer session I 7."7 27ii Hull !
Leduct double reglatr.itfon.iiJW) (277i (
Ornd tntal. I 3 '46 I4T31 WO
Grand total, Itsii 3 11 4,V,7 '4765 I
Grand total, 14 W.IS lr6 4S13 I
Grand tr!l. 1!.3 !'.' 41W 4..57
Ornd total, liK'2 13 6 46 14!
Officers
336 I 341 I (V0 I
A Included in college statlstlca. B Temporarily discontinued.
D Not a rarate school; courses taken by undergraduate and graduate students
achool, respectively. ,
C Included la agriculture
Installed in New Buildings During Summer
aa a guide, it Is safe to assume that In
the next ten years the Iron and steel output
will exceed $1,000,000,000 In value. In steel
rails alone the output has exceeded 2,000,
000 tons yearly for the last three years,
at an average price of $28 a ton. The rail
output promises .to reach 3,000,ntio tone be
fore the century Is twenty-five years old. If
the poor cobbler of Altoona can turn coal
ashes Into fuel with his mysterious com
pound he will enable the furnaces to pro
duce S.OOO.nno tons of rails for what it now
costs to produce 2,000,000 tons.
(henper nnlldlng. Lower Rent.
The demand for structural steel Is grow
ing at such a rate that to make anything
like an accurate estimate of what It will
be twenty years hence would be Impossi
ble even for the most perspicacious ex
pert. In 1904 the structural steel con
sumed was 916.146 tons. It went beyond
1,000,000 tons the year following, and Its
demand Is growing in almost arithmetical
progression. The market price of l.OOO.OOO
tons of structural steel today Is about
$23,0O0,0iO. If old John Ellmore cuts down
tha cost of the fuel needed In the manu
facture 66 per cent, the price of steel must
fall and the cost of building construction
be lessened. The logical conclusion Is that
rentals would be reduced or a bettor class
of buildings erected.
Should the owner of the apartment house
built with structural steel produced at a
lower cost heat his building with a mix
ture of coal ashes treated with the shoe
maker's compound, his coal bill would be
reduced In exactly the same ratio, and If
he happened to be a real good landlord
he might reduce rent accordingly.
Mining and Smelling.
Steel Ingots and castings are as impor
tant to the building trades as the struc
tural Bteel in its finished form. The total
production In 19C4 of Bessemer opn hearth
and crucible was 13,89.877 tons. The major
part of the expense was for fuel. If the
Illiterate shoemaker has made no mistake,
he can Increase this output to 39,0o0,000
tons at the present cost for 13,000,000 Ions
One billion pounds of tin plate wore man
ufactured in this country in 1904. Calcu
lated from the same basis as the other
manufactures where fuel enters largely Into
the expense, Ellmore'a compound would In
crease thla to 3,000,000 pounds or cut the
production cost of the same number of
pounds from 60 to 70 per cunt.
Fuel Is an Important factor In all the
mining camps. In the Lake Superior re
gion cool costs from $8 to $9 a ton. In
Alaska the smelting has to be done at a
cost of from $30 to $40 a ton for coal.
The Pennsylvania cobbler claims and has
demonstrated by actual tests that he can
mix ashes and soft coal in the propor
tion of four to one and even aix to one
and produce a heat more Intenae than that
obtained from the pure coal.
As for the firing of thu locomotive en
gines on- all the roads of the world, the
vista is too great for reasonable conjec
ture. The majority of the steam roads of
the world use bituminous coal for fuel.
On heavy grades this requires from five to
six tons an hour and on the level about
ono ton. The cobbler's compound would
not only reduce the cost at coal, but, would
furnish the ashes from the engine fur
nace Itself without the labor of taking It
aboard. The Inventor says that Bpeclal
grata bars would have to be put in the Are
boxes o the engines, but that this cost
boxes of the engines when balanced against
the economy in fuel.
The lost official report of the coal output
of the United States gave 87,000,000 tons of
bituminous and U5,00o,000 tons of anthra
cite. Until Thomas A. Edison or some
other of the thousands' of scientists who
are aeeklng to obtain electrical energy
from coal direct, shall succeed, coal must
be the fuel chiefly used to generate elec
tricity through steum. The Ellmore com
pound can, if proven practicable, reduce the
cost of generating electricity just as it is
claimed to re J ace the cost of fuef in all
other Industries.
I sea Wood Ashes, Too.
"The poor cobbler of Altoona" assert
that with hla chemical agent lie can uti
lize the ashes from wood as well as the
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NEW METHODIST HOSPITAI
ashes from hard or soft coal. In the
great lumber uill of the west and
Canada shavings aim .'C'xct are used for
fuel. Ellmore says that M.uratlng
the sawdust with his compound he can not
only produce a more Intense heat, but that
he will get a residue which can be treated
and burned a second time.
""arrying the discovery to the marine
boiler rooms, where every steamship would
produce Its own ashes to burn with a
dampened mass of one-third coal and two-
thirds waste material. It would give
greater steam generating power and with
economy that would greatly reduce tha
cost of transportation.
That John Ellmore has stumbled across
a scientific secret and without any knowl
edge of the principles of chemistry la
tacitly acknowledged in the aftltude of
the Edison electric light works of Al
toona, where a test was made two weekt
ago In tho presence of the chief engineer,
who reported to the general manager that
In the firing of two boiler furnaces, or.u
with soft coal and the other with three
gallons of water in which two tcispoon
fuls of the compound had been dissolved,
the soft coal fire did not last as long, nor
did It give forth the same number of
heat units as the fire built under Ellmore'a
direction. A request was made that he rend
100 pounds of the compound for further
experimentation, but Dr. Hoy, who 1
backing him in the enterprise, advised
him not to comply, but that he offer to
make any number of tests personalis
without permitting his chemical to be
handled by any other hands than his own.
The general view taken of his claims up
to that time was that the unconsumed
particles of coal in the ashes he used
furnished an additional agent of combus
tion when saturated with water, the heat
of the fire releasing tho oxygen and hy
drogen In a gaseous form.
Ellmore disproved this theory by satu
rating the ashes of burned newspaperx
with his solution and mixing the mass
with soft coal ashes and coal. He pro
duced a fire of greater intensity than a
coal fire built In an adjoining furnace.
SNOW SUITS DRY FARMERS
Eastern Colorado Ranchmen Expert
to Raise a nig Crop This
Year.
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo.. April 10.
Ten Inches of enow fell last night and tho
storm this morning showed no sign of
abatement. Although there ha been some
damage to fruit by reason of the cold
weather, this Is small In comparison with
the benefit to the farming lands of eastern
Colorado, where the dry farming system Is
In use. Ranchers are delighted with the
prospects for a big crop as a result
TOPEKA, KAN., April 30. Snow was re
ported today at Phllllpsburg, in the north
em part of Kansas, and at Garden City and
other southwestern points.
VI'EHI,0. Colo.. ADril 20. The snow
storm that began at noon yesterday con
tinued throughout the night and this morn
Ing, with six inches on the ground, there
was no immediate prospect of cessation
The storm this morning extended east to
Dodge City, Kan., and south Into Texas,
The snow drifted badly, crippling railroad
nnd street car traffic. The thermometer
registered S thla morning. Fruit and veg.
etables are badly damaged.
DENVER, Alirll 20. Thirteen Inches of
mow fell In Denver during the twenty-four
hours ending at 6 o'clock this morning. It
was the heaviest snowfall of the winter
and ths greatest precipitation recorded here
In Anrll since 18C5, The weather cleared dur
ing tho forenoon. The storm was general
throughout the state. While some damage
has been done to fruit trees, the moisture
Is of incalculable benefit to farmers and
gardener.
AMARILLO. Tex., April .-Raln last
night wa followed by snow today. The
precipitation la general over the Panhandle
country and ia of great benefit. Aa early
fruit was killed in tha recent freeze no
damage wag done by the present atorm
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LIFE AMONG THE SAVAJOS
Intereitinc Ttoti About the Noted Indian
Tribe of the fonthweit.
INDIVIDUAL INDUSTRY OF THE MEMBERS
Crude Method of Agriculture In
Barren Region The Making and
Worth of Rennine Navajo
niankrta.
The Navajo Indians (pronounced Navnho)
occupy a large reservation, nbout half of
It In the northwest enrner of New Mexico
and the other half In the northeimt corner
of Arizona. It is a rough, mountainous,
barren region, where they and their ani
mals find a scanty subsistence, and hero
and there a notch of ground can be made
productive through Irrigation, by damming
some stream, or "arroyo."
They have been a very warlike people,
but since being confined upon their reserva
tion have adjusted themselves to Its hard
conditions to the best of their ability. The
government hns never fed these Indians,
an it has many of the other tribes, nnd
Individual Industry hns been developed to
:i large extent. There are no niore faithful
laborers, white, black or red, than the
Navajo Indlnns. One of the remarkable
traits of character of these laborers is their
creat faithfulness. If you set them a tnsk
they will work Just as faithfully at It if
you nre absent as If you are present.
The women have much greater Influence
In all family affairs than Is generally found
among Indian people. They own all the
sheep and goats. They weave all the
blankets. Most of the cattle are owned
by the women. The men own tho ponies.
The women and children care for the
sheep, goats and cattle, leading them to
the best pastures and carefully bringing
them to their permanent or temporary
home at night. This Is largely due to the
fact that the men usually go long distanced
from the settlement to cultivate their crops
and sometimes are gone weeks at a time,
living in a tempornry shelter near their
1,0'ds.
t'rode Methods of Agriculture.
When the Indians have found a small
stream or "arroyo," which will supply
enough water to be used on their little
llelds, they Immediately divide up the lnbor
and the acreage and each person who Is
to have the benefit of the land must do his
share In building the dams and bringing
the water to the fields.
I'sually the streams flow but a month
or two in the spring, drying up as the snow
from the mountains melts away, so that
what they do in the way of getting the
water on the land has to be done in the
very early spring.
The first thing is to throw up an embank
ment around the little patch, usually less
than an acre, which the Navajo is intend
ing to cultivate. These, embankments are
usually about a foot high. The water Is
then turned Into them until they are about
level full and then is allowed to soak away
so that the soil Is thoroughly saturated.
As soon aa the water disappears the
Navajo, with a harp stick, makes holes
in the mud at regular intervals over his
little field and drops in his seed corn. All
the cultivating is done with a hoe.
The Navajo has to watch hla crop from
the time it comes up until it la gathered in
the full. Usually there is a division of
labor and one man will watch half a dozen
fields, the owners taking it in turn.
Thy are a very thrifty, industrious peo
ple. As soon ss they are relieved from
the care of crops, the men seek employ
ment, either on or off the reservation,
wiiile the women, when relieved from the
care of their flocks and herds, immedi
ately busy themselves with tha weaving
of their blankets.
Their looms are very crude, simply two
poles set on the ground with a cross-piece
at the top which holds them in place and
holds the waip, and a loose pole at the
bottom upon which the blanket can be
rolled as woven. These looms and the
weaving are always in th open air, never
InslJu, their hogans, or huts, being too
small and not adapted to the purpose.
Their Dwellings. ,
These differ from the light skin or cloth
t pees with which most of our people are
familiar. They are usually built of stone
or adobe (sun dried brick), daubed with
mud instead of plaster. They are usually
from ten to eighteen feet in diameter and
are alwaya round.
When the walla have been built about
four feet high they begin the roof by grad
ually drawing in, usually using poles, and
building up until the opening is only five
or aix feet across. Thia is left open, aum
mer and winter. The Are la alwas built
in the exact center and he amoke es
capee through thla large opening.
With this amount of ventilation offensive
odors cannot gather, as in other forms of
Indian daelllnga
They are exceedingly bright and clever
In some way. They believe that ail alck
ness la caused by evil spirits, and their
pri.-ata, who are also their medicine men,
alwaya seek to locate the evil spirit, which
may have assumed one of many forms.
Sometimes they profess to draw out a
mouse or rat from the mouth of th pa
tient, or an angle worm from an arm or
leg. At other times the evil spirit does
not have bodily form, but whatever the
form, ther must be a three days' dance
and a great feaat given to all the people,
and usually the medicine man fixes his
bill at exactly the number of shfctp, goats,
cattle and ponies which he knows the
family to possess.
ftavajo Blankets.
Generally as th younger Indians are
educated la the stbeola tbt give up their
native work. A few yeara ago an Indian
tanned buffalo robe could Ve had at al
most any price; now they cannot be ob-
tned fr lev or m"nry, and the art of
tanning and dyeing buffalo robe haa be
come extinct.
It will be Just so with Navajo M.mkrla.
Already the traders, ever anxious t In
crease their profits, are Introducing a
cheap grado of yarn already dyed, and a
cotton wntp. In order to cheapen pro
duction. One haa to pay very close atten
tion these days In order to be sure that
he Is getting not a white man's blanket,
but an Indian's.
The' beet blankets now coino from the
bands of Navajos far from the railroads,
for there they have not yet learned to
cheapen their blnnkets by using poor ma
terials. They own their own sheep and
prepare their own yarn, dye It themselves
and use nothing but wool warp.
The blankets are woven from their own
designs, and no two of them nre ever
alike, because the women, sitting on tha
ground before their crude looms, weave
Into their blsnkets the pictures in their
minds at that time.
They are used for rugs, couch covers,
porticrea and decorations, and will lust a
lifetime even under very hard usage. We
have in our own home Navajo blanketa
that have been In constant wear for
twelve or fifteen years without perceptible
change In appearance, except that tho col
01 s become brighter.
The prices Hre advancing and the next
few yeara will probably see genuine In
dian blankets double In value, for hs tha
years go by they become more and mora
1 rare and difficult to get.
N. B. RA1RDKN.
OMAHA MAN AS LECTURER
Rabbl Merrltt Gains Distinction on
the riHtform In Kvnns
vllle, Indlann.
Rabbl Merrltt of Kvansvllle, Ind., son of
John Merritt of Omaha, proprietor of tha
Millard Hotel pharmacy, Is making an en
viable reputation for himself as a lec
turer and his lectures are being cnpled ex.
tenslvely. A week ugo he was the speaker
at a Mendelssohn evening at the Washing
ton Avenue temple 111 Kvansvllle, when ha
extolled Mendolssohn as "the sweetest of
Jewish singers." "Mendelssohn was born at
the beginning of a new epoch In tho his
tory of Judaism and Jewish music," said
Itabbl Menitt. "Tho lung shadows of the
medieval night through which the Jew
had suffered and endured ware melting
away before the sun of a new enlighten
ment when Mendelssohn was born. In tha
medieval days the voice of Jewish , song
had attuned Itself to melancholy. The per.
Becuted Jew whs relieving his overburdened
heart. With the change In Israel's fortune
at the beginning of the nineteenth century,
with the emancipation from the hampering
disabilities of medieval days, Jewish muslo
threw off tho dark garments of the day of
sorrow ond clothed Itself in new and nobler
forms. The work of Mendelssohn shadow
forth the commencement of an epoch In
which the soul of a gifted people was east
ing off the disabilities that had cast their
shadows on their fathers' lives."
A week before Kabul Merrltt discussed the
"Prince of India" as a symbol of Judaism
and the progress attending the people. Ho
Said:
"Thoae who saw tho dramatization of
General Iw Wallace's 'Prince of India'
were treated to a beautiful and sym
pathetic presentation of the mission of the
Jew and Judaism. The prince of India Is ,
that mythical figure and mysterious being
known as the Wandering Jew and In the
great struggle of conflicting races and
religions, Turk against Greeks and Moslem
against Christians, he pictures the Jew
standing above the bigoted and furious
parties to the conflict, preaching the gospel
of peace on earth, good will to man and
exhausting every effort to carry out his
lofty mission, that of bringing the
struggling parties and rival sects to the '
recognition of the noble truth of the
fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of
man, In that story Wallace haa given the
picture of the divine purpoae that haa
miraculously preserved the Jew from cen
tury to century, ever renewing his strength
and vigor, while ancient and modern people
all around him moulder into dust, that ha
might continue his herculean task of build
ing the great temple of human fellowship."
SAVINGS FUND FOR MARINES
Enlisted Men Now Have Privilege Ac
corded Those In th
nrgolar Army.
WASHINGTON, April SO.In accordance
with a memorandum of changes made In
the national regulations issued today by
Secretary Metcalf, enlisted men of th
marine corps may deposit their savings
with the paymaster or assistant paymaster
of the corps, or such officers may carry
their pay accounts. This places the mem
bers of the marine corps on the same plan
with enlisted men of the army and th
navy as regards their savings.
The provision for the making of such
deposits, which In no case Is to be less than
$5 a month, was made by law a year ago
to take effect on the first of July last, but
it waa not made effective until the Issuance
of the regulations by the secretary of th
navy. The money while on deposit with
the government, will draw Interest at th
rate of 4 per cent and the amount of the
principal and accrued Interest may b
drawn by the man on his retirement from
the aervlce.
Chicago Woman Exonerated.
CHICAGO, April 20 A coroner's Jury to
day exonerated Mra. Joseph Margaret
Bmally from all blame In connection with
the suicide of her huahatwi, who Jumped
to his death, from a window of his home.
The woman waa under arrest on suspicion.
You should magnetize your Incomo with
savings account and let It draw Into Its
safe coffera the pennies, the nickola and
th dimes you would otherw.s-) r aste.
II will start an acount with uh, cn
which we will pay 6 per cent compounded
semi-annually. Kemember also y.ju run
buy a home by monthly puy:iuuu
through the
OMAHA LOAN AtlD
BUILDING ASSOCIATION
Office . E. Comer lath and Dodge
oath Omaha Office Opposite Vostofflc
J. K. Caputs, Aft. O. M. Kattiagtr,
07.) O. W. total, rr
Kiwi