I TTIE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: MARCH 10, 1007. Winter Work at State Hatchery Means Summer Sport for Anglers A ' . .I v-' - . -f . - l . a. -"m i "1 'V-'' f"R-, .' ' F w - If ' I ' t f ' ' J ! i v , . ..', r - i ,. - : . , -- ; - I- ir -L,l a. jr I 5 . ...... ityi'cWt 1l f'h- . CCLLECTTKO TnB SPATTN. A L.TIIOl.GH fiRhing Is entirely a summer rport In this ntate, a vlolt to the hatcheries In winter will furnldh the uportsmcn a dlght which Is at once a delight Instructive. Game fish are there by the millions, some artificially and hatched and some In their natural state, and that In the dead of winter. The hatcheries are situated in Sarpy county, Just, across the Platte river from South Bend and nine miles south of Gretna. As the years roll around these are gradually taking on a finished appearance until at present the fishery grounds are as pretty a sport In summer time as any park In the state of Nebraska. Situated on the south slope of a high, bank along the edge of the shallow Platte the site was selected years ago be cause of the magnificent springs which bub ble out of the rock and sand in one of the draws back from the river. A spring house has been built over the largest spring, which pours out a three-Inch stream the year around. This water, supplemented by twenty other springs, furnishes the water for the ponds and hatchery house. About ten of the twenty-nine ponds which go to make up, tho fisheries are In the vale, suc ceeding each other toward the river, and the water flows from one to the other. A wind mill, with a twelve-Inch pump to ' pump, water from the river, 1 used In the summer when the river Is low and drains out some of the water from the ponds. . Winter Time for Spawning. Game fish spawn and hatch during the winter months, nnd to see the stripping of the trout a visit was mado to the flxhertes on the first of February. The ponds looked truly desolate, being completely frozen over and covered with snow, except for square holes in the corners, which had been sawed out to give the fish air. The first four ponds Into which the waters from the springs flow do not freeze, as tho spring water Is sufficiently warm to keep them from freezing over. . In the first of these are kept the gold fish, and then come the trout. As the stripping process was the princi pal object of Interest'at this season of the year, W. J. O'Hrlen, the fiKh commissioner, went through all the processes to enlighten Ms visitors. With the thermometer .flirting with siro, Mr. O'Hrlen went into the pond with a seine and made a splendid haul of rainbow trout. The brook trout had previously been stripped and were In the hatcheries. In milder weather the strip ping Is done at the bank of the pond, but the extreme cold made this out of the question, so an equal number of male and female fish were caught with the seine and taken to the hatcheries In a tub, when the rest of the Interesting proceeding was wit nessed. Hatea for the Different Rperlea. Taking a female ready to spawn firmly In his hands the thumb is pressed down the belly uf the' fish several times until all the eggs are pressed out and placed In a Jar. A male fish Is taken and the Fame process Is gone through to fertilize the eggs, which are left to stand for half an hour, when they are washed InXresh watet and placed In the hatcheries trough on trays. A 3-year-old rainbow will lay l.OuO eggs. Fresh water running over these con tinuously for eight weeks will hatch about JO per cent, whereas hardly 10 per cent will hatch if tho fish are left to spawn naturally In the ponds. Brook trout spawn from November 10 to the middle of December; rainbow trout from January to March 1; bass from May 15 to June 10 and crapples about the same; pike and perch from April 1 to 15; bullheads and catfish June 1 to IS, and goldfish April 15 to 20. Rainbow trout hatch In about eight weeks and brook trout in ten weeks, while buss take from five to seven days. The only flslv hatched in the hatcherks are pike and trout and the rest are haf hed under the ponds In practically natural con dition. The eggs are hatched on wire trays 14x18 occupy about fifteen acres of this. Rain bow trout weighing five pounds and bass of the same size are kept at the fisheries for breeding purposese. There are 5.W0 trout In the ponds and 10,000 black bass, !M) of these owing adult. The hatcheries cost the state about 14,500 a year for current tx-jK-tujes. Iowa, spends IS.OUO and Kansas $22, 000. The Wyoming fish commission hud $21,300 set aside for fish culture for two years and Missouri $12,000, Minnesota $70, 000, Wlbconttln $00,000 for current expenses and $20,000 for new hatcheries. The ground for the hatcheries was bought In 1SS3 and the property first Improved In 1887. Since that time the fisheries have been contin uously Improved year by year until now thy are one of the show places of the state, A fish car belongs to tho commis sion and the railroads were formerly Inter ested in the propagation of the fish, but seem to have changed their policy, for they now place a charge upon hauling the car around the country. This is a heavy tax, as most of the fish go to the remote sec tions of the state. Other states are more fortunate than Nebraska In that they con vert the money received from fines and licenses into the fish and game fund and this gives a large revenue. Nebraska Strenma Well Storked. The stnte fisheries have been of immense value to Nebraska, although In this state, where the fish are not seined. It Is harder to show Just what Increase in fish has been brought nbo'ut because of the hatcheries and the distribution of fish by the com missioners. Streams In central, eastern nnd southern Nebraska are thoroughly stocked with carp and catfish. Brook and raHbow trout are taken from-practlcally Sll the streams In Antelope, Knox, Boyd, Holt. Rock, Keya Paha, Cherry. Sheridan, Dawes and Sioux counties, and are also found In a few streams In Custer and Peuel counties. Bass and erapple fishing at Cut Off lake has been better than ever during the past year, due largely to the work of the state fisheries. Splendid catches of bass have been made at Crystal lake, Dakota county, during tho last summer, while on tho Elkhorn In Cuming, Madison, Antelope and Holt counties, bass fishing Is reported as good nnd the same favorable reports come from Cedar river at Spauld Ing and Erlcson. Many Omaha anglers se cured the limit allowed by law on bass from lakes In Cherry and Brown counties. When the state hatcheries were first es tablished private lakes and ponds were stocked without cost all over the state, but In 191 a charge was Imposed for this service and since that time the fish sales have decreased. Nearly all the state hatch eries have discontinued the practice of stocking private waters and have turned this work over to privately owned hatch- TANKS FOR THE FISH INDOORS. ' erles. Of the $000 which the hatcheries have secured from the sale of fish during the last two years most has come from the sale of ornamental fish. No more In teresting exhibit is seen at the Nebraska State fair than that of the state fisheries. It seems as though more people are inter ested In this exhibit than In any other ono thing. Crapple the Most Proline. For the lakes and streams which go to make up the waterways of Nebruska no fish has shown more gratifying results than the crapple. Its propagation has been most successful. Wherever plants of this fish have been made the results have been most encouraging and they seem to be especially successful In the waters of the Elkhorn river and the lakes and sloughs along Its borders. Crapple spawn largely on the clustering ftbrous roots of the bull rushes and willows and for this reason their eggs do not fall an easy prey to the carp and other spawn-eating fishes. They seem to thrive equally as well In muddy or In clear water, and every effort should be made to Increase the production of this fish. Because of Its nature It Is the most suitable In many ways for Nebraska. It Is a fish easily caught by the fisherman and no fish surpasses It very much as a table fish. Tho crapple Is caught In large numbers at Cutoff lake and the number fishing for this variety Is Increasing every year. Crapples were only Introduced into Nebraska twelve years ago and are widely distributed over the entire state, and are the most numerous game fish to be found along the sloughs of the Elkhorn. Crap ples planted in the private lake on tho Metzger. taxrj near Cedar Creek had In- creased to such an extent that more than l.TOO adult fish were taken at a single haul of the net last July and numerous other Instances of the same kind have been wlt nessed of the rapid Increase of this fish. si Great Demand fnr niack Baas. As Is the case In all states, the demand for black bass for stocking purposes fat1 exceeds the supply. Bass are rapidly In creasing in the sand hill lakes, especially In Brown and Cherry counties, but except In Cut Off lake and Crystal lake In Dakota county, there Is a marked decrease In eastern Nebraska, and they are liable to become extinct, according to Commissioner O'Brien. This is accounted for by tho ex cess wash from the tilled lands and be cause of the sewage and refuse which Is dumped Into tho streams, so tho bass will not remain. The water in these smaller r : .. :V , ; - & A v -.. . - , 37. :' A "I k ivu,"... . -- I I I ; -I"' 4 this fish, which In point of color and game ness is tho superior of all. Tho fish commission is much encouraged from the good reports which continue to lakes Is roiled to such an extent the eggs c.(me tn ns t t lie success of the plants ot are buried by settling sediment, und this, brook trout which have been made In the TRAT OF TROTTT EGGS. low, cutting down the number planted thai year In comparison with former years. tributaries of the Niobrara river and other spring streams in the northwestern part of tho state. The stock of brook trout In the ."trlped Perch and Roek Baaa. Little has been done with the strlpexl perch for the last two years and tho num ber planted has been disappointing to thosa who delight In that class of fish. An effort will be made to get In a new supply of adult perch at the hatcheries this spring.' Tha natcnery poncis nos never rivr. perch tg dtcrea8lnK rapluly ln the water. aecimaiiun uy omen.-, w... is1 of Nebraska, which are Infested with earn. iney spawn tneir eggs in a ribbon-shaped them In 1W4, and It has been found neces- sury to purchase 100,000 eyed eggs yearly geIattnoU8 ma8B whlch tho carp ea8y du. with the eggs now collected und those which are yet to be stripped from the fish should have 400,000 , eggs during February and 'March, or enough to supply' all the demands from all sections of the state for MAIN BUILDING OF STATU FISH HATCrrETtT, Selections from the Story Teller's Collection Cranks at the White House. 1113 anecdote of Lincoln's adminis tration was told several years ago by the late Secretary Hay at a dinner at the White HHie. As the private secretary of Presi dent Lincoln, It fell to Mr. Hay s lot to receive thd cranks who dally called at the White House to see the President, and even at. that time they were not few in number. One day u mun who had bijen especially persistent ln demanding to Sivj the president was at last shown Into tho ofllce of Mr. Lincoln's private secretary. Mr. Hay merely looked up from his desk and explained tl and the host served a fine grade of oleo. "How do you like the butterT" asked the host. "Excellent," was the reply. "I can fairly taate tho rich, pure cream ln It." "That's one on you," said his friend. "You have been eating oleo." Dr. Wiley smiled calmly as he replied: "Ah, that just goes to show that slncu the most expert of us can be so easily deceived there's all the more need of the strictest laws against Im pure foods." much enHi;id and asked what the vibiur's mission was. "Do you know who I am?" said the vis itor with a set look In his eye and a threatening tone In his voice. The secre tary wid compelled to admit that he did not. "I am the son of God." "The president will be delighted to re ceive you when you come again," said Mr. I'.ay, rising quickly and extending his hand, adding as the. visitor started to leave, "snd Inches In size placed In running water. The perhaps you will bring a letter of lntroduo trays are placed one on top of the other, tlon from your father." about five deep, the upper trays having the larger mesh, and as the fish hatch they drop to the .lower tray which is closely yir. llryve Incog;. "The last time Mr. Bryce visited this country," relates the Boston Herald, "was t the President was very two years ago last summer, when he landed Geroalmo aa Moldlera Sniv lllm. Oronlmo, the once bloodthirsty chief of enough woven to ke.p them from falling tho Apaches, now a wrinkled tage of S, is awaiting the end of his troublesome life In military custody at Fort Sill, Indian Ter- distributed In the streams of north- rltory. Mr. Hugh C. Weir, in Human Life through. The fish are, first fid when they are from 4 to 5 weeks old, and the trout western Nebraska when they are from 8 to 10 weeks old. In the clear water of the hatcheries ponds the trout can be seen preparing for spawning. The males fight fiercely for the for February, recalls General Miles' de scription of this famous old Indian as "one of the most remarkable men,, white or led, I have ever met. His square chin I hnvo only seen once duplicated, in the face of privilege of swimming around with some General Sherman." He always struck In nicely marked female and when they are the back and in tho dark. Here is what mated the male with his fins and tall helps ha soldiers who followed his last war trail prepare a smooth place in the bottom of V him: "If all of the redskins who the stream for the female to deposits her have ever given the white man hell were eggs. iJirtte males were seined out of. the bunched together, their combined deviltry runil which had worn most of their fins wouldn't equal the record of Ueronlmo. If away by beating the leaves and rocks to make a smooth place for Mrs. Fish. Capacity ! the Hatchery. Although the hatcheries hare a capacity for batching about 2O.0O0.onO eggs each year, they ars worked to about half their ca pacity. The state owns fifty-three acres at th hatcheries n4 the taenty-nlne ponds ever Satan himself was in an Indian you would have found him in that man!" Tnraeil a khirp Corner. Dr. H. C. Wiley, the government food ex pert, has all his life been a stickler for purity ln eatables. When he was state chemist of Indiana a friend "put up a Job" on him. The doctor was invited to dinner In Boston. He is a very modest gentleman and he prefers to travel Incog, when he can conveniently do su. So it happened that on his last voyage hither neither his name nor that of Mrs. Bryce, who came with 111 tn, appeared on the passenger list, and his fellow voyagers did not suspect bis Identity until after several days out. Meanwhile Mr. Bryce had tho pleasure of asking his table companions all about this country and its Institutions. And they glibly an swered his naive questions, never suspect ing that they were talking with the author of 'Tho AnnrUan Commonwealth.' Fancy their chagrin later on when they discov ered by accident that they had been un dertaking to enlighten an Inquisitive for eigner who knew far more about their In stitutions than they did." llniilnnto Life. Colonel Alexander K. McClure, the vet eran editor, at a club dinner In Philadel phia a few days ago, deli vet ed a' Blurt speech In which he urged his hearers not to fear the approach, i.f oil a'je. "Old age has nothing to tear,'" he srild with a kindly smile. "When desth tails me I shell not bo sfrald." Later in the evening Colonel McClure recalled an admhislnn that Andrew Carnegie had made to him so'iie time ago. He und the steel millionaire had ben talking of life and death ono evening after dinner. Mr. Carnegie aald lie would give IJiw.wO.wO1 to have a lease on Ufa. "Two hundred millions. Alec." he said, "that's not hoggish, either. I'd give 11 for ten years only." In telling the story Mr. Mc Clure said: "Now, I don't thin Carnegie "is afraid to die. He simply clings to life. There's a differencs ln the two attitudes, you know. But I said to him: 'Andy, I think that you would be bunkoed at the price.' " Harrlman's tiood Side. A friend of EX H. Harrlman, pointing out some of the good qualities of tho man who Is made so conspicuous by the Inter state Commerce commission Investigation, remarked: "He has ulwn thousands of dollars for Irrigation puroosra, has volun tarily reduced passenger and freight rates in fur western states, wher? the laws allow high charges. In the San Fiitncisco dis . aster Harrlman did probnbly mora than any one person for tho r:ll-f of the city. Besides throwing the road open nnd going to San Francisco personally, he gave $J0O,UM) ln cash. This alone popularized him ln California. He numbers arnoig his friends now many of the most radical thinking men ln public life in this country. He haa expended money libera' !y to checit the damage being caused by the S.tlton sea, and he has given the' fr e use of his steamships to carry Red Cro.as food sup plies to famishing China." Lincoln's Honesty. Lincoln was appointed to 'defend a man charged with murder, relates Justice Brewer In the Atlantic Monthly. The crime was a brutal one; the evidence en tirely circumstantial; the accused a stranger. Feeling was high against the friendless defendant. On the trial Lincoln drew from the witnesses full statements of what they saw und knew. There was no effort to confuse, no attempt to place be fore the Jury the facts other than they were. In the argument, lifter calling at tention to the fact that there was no direct testimony, Lincoln reviewed the circum stances, and after conceding that this and that seemed to point to defendant's guilt, closed by saying that he liad reflected much on the cae. and while it seemed probable that defendant was guilty, ho was not sure, and, looking the Jury straight ln the face, said, "Are you?" The defendant was acquitted and afterward the real criminal was detected and punished. How different would have been the conduct of many lawyers! S.mie would have striven to lead the Judge Into technical errors, with a view to an appeal to a higher court. Others would have become hoarse ln de coupled with tho capacity of the spawn catching carp. Is raiadly destroying the bass. These conditions do not exist ln the western part of the state. nalnbow and Urook Trout. Rainbow trout seem to be producing bet ter results than any trout ever introduced and 150,000 have been bought for this year covor anil gree(J1y devour, Into the waters of Nebraska, They have and are now hatching at me naicneiy. Tho commissioner has deemed it advlsa- thrlved In many spring streams where It This has been found necessary to properly be to 8top the propaffaU(m of rock seemed impossible for the brook trout to keep up the supply. The table of distribution shows none of gain a foothold. The fisheries now have on In 1905 the hatcheries of Nebraska were these little fish-have been sent out for tha hand the best supply of rainbow trout ever allotted 15,000,000 green eggs of wall-eyed Jast two years, and none have bean planted collected In this section of country, and pike, collected at the spawning grounds on at all. This decision was reached because Saginaw bay, Michigan. Tho collecting of the slow growth of this fish and tha crew seemed to have more interest ln get- lack of results from plants made in former ting' a largo number of eggs than In get- years. ting quality, and as a result tho percentage Tho state fisheries have mado a hit all of impregnated or fertile eggs wai very over the state with tha channel catfish which have been planted. During the two years Just past 24.0S5 catfish were collected from the Platte river and distributed over the waters of the state. The catfish wera In splendid condition and as they are highly esteemed and recognized as one of the best native fish, their distribution has met with, favor everywhere. Good results have been produced by the distribution of this class of fish. Gold fish are grown at tho state fisheries, and during the last two years over 4,000 were disposed of und a largo supply Is still on hand. These fish are sold in lots of ona to 100, all for ornamental purposes. About two-thirds of the moneys realized from fish sales comes from this class of fish. They more than pay for their cost of production. The sun fish which the table shows th fish commissioner planted were secured in the sloughs near Cut Off lake and the re mainder from Gibson lake, near Nebraska City. This fish is also a dainty table morsel, equal, In the opinion of many, to the bass or crapple. They thrive in waters where the bass are decreasing. Bullheads and German Carp. During the last two years more bull heads have been propagated and distributed than during the previous ten years of tha existence of the hatchery. A demand for this fish Is increasing In many sections of the state where the waters are no longer adapted to the better class of game fish They thrive under all conditions and, while some may take an axe to kill them, they are still a very good fish and many which are caught around Omaha are put to good use. Deputy Commissioner Plerson often catches a sackful and distributes to the hospitals of Omaha, It Is the opinion of many that their propagation could be profitably increased. While the German carp was propagated and dlstrubted during the first years ot the existence of the hatcheries, it has been deemed advisable to discontinue the prac tice. Carp is disliked by the lovers of the game fish. The streams and lakes where carp were planted became so overstocked to such an extent that the culture of carp was discontinued in 1K9& They are the worst fish ln these waters for destroying the eggs of game fish, and many wish they had nsver been planted. The opinion seems to prevail that a law should be passed permitting the carp to be netted from the lakes and, at the present high price which is being paid for fish, considerable revenue; could be derived from this source. Summary of distribution, 1905-06: Brook Trout (fry) 4M.000 Brook Trout (1-year-old). 3,815 Rainbow Trout (fry) 354,000 Rainbow Trout (1-year-old). 4,(s'0 like (fry) estimated 14.15i.6oo WTIERTC THE TROUT LTVT3 AND BREED. nunclatlon of witnesses, decrying the lack of positive testimony and the marvelous virtue of a reasonable doubt. The simple, straightforward way of IJncoln, backed by the confidence of the Jury, won, Crnahea Fond Father's Hopes. "Times are changed," said Mark Twain, speaking of Washington. "I doubt if now adays a man of Washington's unswerving Integrity would be able to get on. "A rich lawyer, after dinner the other nlgnt, went Into his den for a smoke. He took down from his pipe rack a superb meerschaum, a Christmas present from his wife; but. alas, as he started to fill the pipe, it came apart in his hands. The bowl had been broken in two and then carelessly stuck together. "With loud growls of rage the lawyer rushed from his den and demanded to know who had broken his new meerschaum. His only sou, a boy of 11, spoke up bravely. " 'Father,' he said, 'I cannot tell a He. I did It.' "The, lawyer praised the' lad's Washlng tonian 'veracity, but that night on his pil low he groaned and went on terribly about the incident. " 'Heaven help me,' he said, 'It had been my life's dearest wish to rear up my son to my own profession, but now alus alas' "New York Press. The I'rlee of Silence. A well-known bunlnees man In a town not far from Cincinnati discovered one morn ing recently, on entering his office, that bis safe was out of order. He immediately telegraphed to Philadelphia for un exiiert. When the latter arrived he found that the safe, an old-fashioned affair locked with a key, could not be opened. After a lia?ty examination the expert, taking a piece of wire, dug out from the key a muss of dust and lint. He then opened the safe in the twinkling of an eye. The business man wore a sickly smile as he asked meekly: "How much?" "Twenty dollars." "Do any of your firm's patrons here know of your visit?" "Not a soul but yourself." "Then." added the businrss man, "here's forty dollars. I'll take It to be a great favor If you'll bustle out by the first train. If any one la this town knew that I bad paid a man $20 to dig dirt out of a key for me, I'd never do another dollar's worth of business in tho whole state." New York Times. Knew Who laed It. Charles H. Hoyt, New England's great playwright, once visited a small town in Pennsylvania, where there Is a hotel they say George Washington, the father of his country, used to stop at when he passed through. In it they have a room he is said to have occupied at times. Hoyt came through there once with oiie of his attractions. He arrived at the hotel after all the members of the company hud been usslgned rooms. One of the coit jianv was given the Wash ington room, und Hoyt received a poor room on tho top floor, the proprietor not knowing wh ho was. When he came downstairs later, the gen tleman who had got the good room said: "Mr. Hoyt, they have given me the room that they used to give George Washington when he came here." "Well," said Hoyt, "the one they have given me must be the one they gave Bene dict Arnold when he came." Boston Her ald. Makea Apt Quotation. Edgar Raltus, tho brilliant novelist, was asked by a young ludy at a tea If he thought that the use' of quotations was a good thing. "Quotations are good." said Mr. Baltus, "only when tiny are extremely apt. "There wus once a witty Irishman, James E. Fitzg'Tuld, who made excellent use of a quotation In a political eieech. "During his speech he was reeatedly in terrupted by a butcher, the proprietor of a large sausage making plant. An adherent of Fitzgerald's finally took offense at the butcher's mocking remarks and yelled: " Hey, you, leave politics alone and go back to your sausage machine!" "The butcher glared Rt the man and re toned: " 'If I had this speaker ln one of my sausage machines I'd soon make mincemeat of him.' "Then Mr. Fitzgerald quoted from the platform, with a smile: " 'Is thy servant a dog that thou shouldst do this thing!' "New Tork Times. lilack Bass (try) lis sou Blusk Buss (6 months old)... 24. 'AS Black liass (1-ycar-old;. ...... ....... v,2j0 Porch (fry) 85,u Perch (b months old) lo.OOO Crapple ( months old) 03, o Crapplo (1-year-old) lf,6ou Ciiaunel Cattish (1-year-old)......... 24,06 Yellow Billheads (1-year-old). ...... , 21,4u0 Hunftsh (1-year-old) ,&) German Carp (6 months old) .. S,8a5 Gold Fish (i to 12. months old).M Perch (1-year-old). A jiu Buffalo Fish (1-yeur-old) $oo Grand total 15,XS0,7ia This shows that 15,126,500 were planted la the fry stage and 195,253 were distributed: when from 6 to 12 months old. In CntJuiT" Lake. Omaha fishermen are beginning to awaken to the advantages right at their door, namely, at Cutoff lake, and the organ ization of the Omaha Rod and Gun club has been a great stimulus to the sport, and also served to protect the lake from Illegal seiners. Since the new law went into effect in 1901 there have been planted la Cutoff lake by the fish commissioner: May 2, 1901, J.ono.OOO pike fry. estimated, November 14, 1901, l.Ouo black buss, 1,009 rock bass, 1,000 crapple, l.Ouo atrlpod perch, l.ODO channel catfish, all about tt months old. June , liaaS. 5o.uuu bass fry, estimated; . 2uo bass 1 year old. January 6, lf, 3,000 bass, 6.000 sunflsh, 2.000 crapples, 2oU perch, seined from over flow water and transferred to Cutoff lake May U. 19uj, 50,0uu pike fry, estimated. October 16, 19ut, 2.0u baas, 3,0u0 crapple, 4 months old. November tl, 19uS. 1000 crapple. t.OOO sun fish. AM baas, ranging from i months to years old. seined from Gibson lake, near Nebraska, City, and transferred to CutoXL