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IAC7JIAB- COMPARISON OF.TEiS EE
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-JStreeit Crowds in HEVesbs
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FINANCIAL SECTION OF NEW YORK
In taking these reading! the time of the
crowd In covering- a given distance was
taken Ave tlmea In each Instance, and the
mean of all these readings accepted as the
correct one. The difficulties of such a cal
culation a rev of course, considerable, since
the crowd constantly strains through Itself
so that half a doxen pedestrians leaving a
corner abreast will reach the next corner
several seconds apart. The average shop
ping crowd In Chicago, counting, of course,
those who walk the distance measured
without stopping before any window,
moves at the rate of one hundred and ten
yards, the distance measured. In sixty
three seconds. At this rate they would
walk one mile In a trifling fraction over
sixteen minutes, which la at the rate
of nearly four miles an hour. The
mean reading for the New York shopper
was about two seconds less for the dis
tance of one-sixteenth of a mile. It may
he argued that, while Chicago ha a very
trifling advantage over New York, both
cities may take what comfort they can
from the result.
The two photographs placed aide by side
suggest still other lines of comparison
There It more vehicular traffic In the Chi
cago street, for one thing, than in Twenty,
third street Here again the lmposs.billty
ui an ausuiuie comparison Is recalled, since
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"T-BLJSY DAY IN WEST STREET -
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WHICH Is the bustling city. New
York or C.lcago? The entire
population of New York, It Is
safe to say, has decided convlc
tlone on the subject; Chicago is
equally convinced to the con
trary, while the country at large
lias decided the question according to Its
geographk-al grouping. 1
The attraction of either city ax a place of
business or of residence la a question
apart. Interest In a city depends upon
character or temperament, qualities whioh
do not lend themselves to absolute com
parison. But the question of relative ac
tivity, the number of persons or vehicle
in the streets and the exact rate at which
they move form a basis for accurate com
parison. The various measurements used
In the following comparieons between New
York and Chicago have been made In a
spirit of absolute falrneas. In making th
comparison only such streets were selected
as correspond In the Interests they repre
sent, and the readings were taken at the
same hour of the day In both cities. In
timing the movement on the varloua
streets a atop watch was used and the fig
ures Anally accepted were in eadi case the
mean of many reading taken under
similar conditions.
The problem is far nore complicated
than might be suppose Each city has
certain points of superiority over Its rival.
New York presents the most remarkable
group of Terjr high buildings to be found
anywhere in the world. Chicago depends
for Us effect upon a cuccesalon of wide
streets within a limited area, with fewer
very high buildings, but a better sustained
sky line. The crowds In Chicago seem
to (ill the broad regular sidewalks In every
direction, and since the streets are all at
right angles one encounters endlesa vistas
of crowded streets. In New York, on the
other hand, many of the streets are Ir
regular and narrow, so that the crowd
constantly overflows the pavements and
fills the asphalted streets. All this of
course refers to the business sections, the
most concentrated localities, of bo(h cities.'
The remarkable geographical formation
of Manhattan, Island and the Ingenious
grouping of Chicago's centres of popula
tion must be taken into consideration in my
comparison. In New York the great busi
ness centres are grouped In or near Broad
way betweeen the Battery and Forty-scc-1
ond street, a distance of nearly four miles,
forming a continuous, unbroken line of
crowded streets. The financial section, the
newspaper offices, or many of them; the
wholesale district: next, the retail district,
nnd, finally, the hotel and theatre sections
are distinctly marked. Each, moreover.
has Its ciui.-f'-terlstlc crowd. In Chicago
all these sections, with their crowds, are
concentrated Into a comparatively limited
area. They are within the loop. The
convenience of such an arrangement Is, of
course, obvious. The general atnu spin re of
activity which results has scarcely Its
equal anywhere else In the world. Bu: start
from the centre of the loop and traverse
any one of these busy streets Tor half I
mile and the street crowds quickly th n
the skyline falls abruptly and Chicago
looks like any ordinary city.
EACH IS IN ERROR.
It might be well In thru connection to
correct a curious nils apprehension com
mnn to both cltls. New York men who
have never seen. Chlcano a e likely to
picture It as a brt?e:ry new eiltlon of their
own elty." The Chicago man who has never
visited New York Is likely to picture It ti
a much older city, in appearance at l-xst,
and somewhat less up to date. Both esti
mates are wrong so far as surrace cond -tlons
go. Chicago, within the loop at
let, appears a much older city than New
York. The soft coal smoke has toned down
the mmy abrupt lines and lent an arpear
ance of age out of all accord with tho his
tories. Many of Chicago's streets appear
far older than any of the newer sections
of Ixindon. The Art Institute, on the lake
front, with Its beautiful lines, looks as old
as Westminster Abbey.
A comparison of the crowds In the cen-
tr.. of the retail sect ons of the two cities
would Indicate at first glance that New lhe New York street In question Is d.stinct, crowd at this point was counted at lnier-j
York had a slight advantage in the else of lv a shopping street, while State slieel.ivals of several minutes, ooir.iiiencing all
the sidewalk crowd while In Chicago tht jChteago, Is crowded with waguna on quite, twelve o'clock noon, the u.'iu selected fur!
movement was sllKhtly raster. The stree s u'nereni errands. On the otner nana, " comparison being the number of peJi!
numosr or private carriages waning au"-jwno passed a fixed point In one minu.f. I
the sidewalk In the New York shopping Theverage number of prdrMr.ans
it reel Is much greater lha.ii on a corre-1 found to vary from eighty to nlne-ty to ttie,
spondlng Chicago street. It Is but fair to i minute. A fair oumparUon with tru!
suppose that the sidewalk crowd Is equally i crowd would be the thronz in New York!
"Hitir
m
IstHHCfAL
seen OM OP
CHICAGO
WHOLESALE PRODUCE DISTRICT CHICAGO
t-
In the retail section within the loop In
Chicago there Is at times a general efTect
of bustle and hurry even greater than In
corresponding centres In New York, but
In the financial centres, although the
speed is about the same, New York has
a distinct advantage. The New Yorker
Is more likely to cross streets diagonally,
to take short cuts, than the Chicagoan,
while the Chicago man is obliged to keep
to the regular crossings. This tendency
Is encouraged by the greater proportion
of asphalt street In New York and the
low curb lines.
A comparison of the vehicular traffic of
the two cities reveals some Interesting con
trasts. The streets of both cities are
orowded beyond comparison with those or
ny other cities In the country. An abso
lute comparison of corresponding streets
In New York and Chicago is misleading,
population being greater In New York
there are naturally more of these streets
with longer stretches of such crowds than
in ChJcago.
Any comparison of the relative traffic of
more even skyline. We find In the typical
retail Fectlons of the two cities a slight
advantage in point of numbers In New
York as compared with Chicago, the dif
ference being between five and ten per
These two crowds it was found
streets In the two cities Is likely to be mis- ..
leading and unfair to one or the other c ty I moved a, B,mo!,t exaotIy the Pame
because of the different grouping of hi-! a vcry ve, one wth a trlflln ad.
teresrs Most of the retail streets in Chi- j vantae of ,peed ln favor ot the western
city.
cago, for Instance, are crowded
aSun aim iruc, wnue in icw iu.. n ih financial sections we find the
Twenty-third street and even Fourteenth gtreet nlVl, wlth nearl one himdrpd .,r
A comparison . PPII more neonle than eorresnnn.llne
j Chicago street, with the rate of progress
l practically Identical for both cities, but
with the greater tendency In New York
street has little such traffic,
of State street. Chicago, with lower Broad
way again Is unfair, since Broadway Is
much narrower and at the same time much
longer. It was found that on Canal street,
New York, at two o'clock ln the after
noon from thirty-eight to forty wagons
and trucks of all kinds passed, counting
the traffic In both directions. On State
street, Chicago, at the same hour of the
day the average was about thirty-four,
but this did not Include the street cars.
The rate at which the general mass of the
street traffic moves Is slightly higher In
New York, which Is largely due doubtless
to the nature of the pavements,
ake short cuts. The wholesale districts
of both dies again contain streets s bad
ly congested as they well can be with ve
hicular trnffio. A comparison of ftate
utreet, Chicago, with Canal sstreet. New
York, at the same hour of the day shows
that the New Y'ork street has an advantage
of about twelve per cent as regards the
number of wagons and trucks, and
throughout the city a slight advantuge ln
A far sreea, one to oetier paving.
' hiHiDrt la an ntiTrtn ininff r-i r v in wim ii
v-i, ,.. o.hoit than in r-hican arh'i 'every American should take pride, but a
of course allows horses to be driven more, New Yorker, as he dodges her cable cars
rapidly. The noise made by Innumerable i or struggles along her thronged rav
K honia rnminir nver tho orwi n-hinn v . ments. will remember that the area of "the
Is repeated several times in un-
the streets ln Chicago must also be taken
Into consideration in any such comparison
The streets of Chicago as a rule are much
noisier than New Y'ork. leaving the ele
vated road out of the question, and this of
OOP
broken m;:ss of business thoroughfares on
Manhattan Island l-etween the Battery and
Fifty-ninth street.
SHOPPING DISTRICT. SPATE STREET CHICAGO
- 7
taken for comparison were state street In
Chicago and Twenty-third street ln New
York. The photographs of characteristic
sections of the two streets serve to show
how evenly matched are the two crowds.
At three o'clock on the afternoon of a fine
day It was found that some ISO persona
will pass a fixed point going In both direc
tions every minute. A s mllar reading In
Twenty-third street showed that itlO pass.-d
to the minute. To the casual observer the
crowds were about the tame.
The question at to movement of New
York and Chicago strttt crowds Is one of
long standing, opinions differ widely as
to which walks the faster. A fruitful
source of discussion, It Is to be hoped, will
be at asMe by the scientific observations
wlilch follow. After making scores of
readings on different streets and compar
ing them with similar obaervaDlons taken
ln New York It was found that Clilragoans
do not walk faster than New Yorkers. The
first Impression of a New Yorker In Chi
cago U deceptive. In walking about Chi
cago streets one constantly encounters
crowds ot similar proportions crossing one
another. In New York ths cross streets
are lass crowded and tbey merge Into the
great tliorough fares with less confusion.
The widta of the sldewallos on the group
of streets within the loop Is also mislead
ing. .
mixed, since so many interests are centred
lere hi the loop and that uie crow a is not
entirely a shopping crowd. If this reason
ing be grunted, the sdvantage or rew
York in point of numbers Is conaiueraoiy
.nc reused.
In any comparison of the financial sec
tions of Che two cities the advantage is
obviously with New York. The Wall
itreei section has no exact counterpart in
on Broadway in the auneial vicinity of
Wall street or on Broad street J.rhiw
Wall. The same exper.me.K re;e.;:ed in a
corresponding district in New York itiowed
that a crowd of nearly tice tli.a mw oc
cupied the sidewalk. In otner words, 170
penions on an average pass the corner of
Wall street on tlie east slJe of Broadway
to the minute at a oorresiond'.ns ho'ir. I
As regards the rate at which th s cr wj
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the world. The financial district being movM , b(J.h cJl,t Uiefe u iUle
conCTnuwu um m u.iuiu w - tmr either Wav Tho i-row.l In II. a n- n 1
cauMd to be buUt more very high build-, T" i . f . , ?.'hl 11 ln tl' fl on
mg. than In any similar section of Chi- . f,1! '". h,'8r "'-v,. tritle .m.r.
caio, while, the crowd U correspondingly ,r,p'dly i.ha" ,n lh ",ttl1 lions, w.i !e
ateat. The section about ths Ciloaao ln New Yorlt th Wtt11 Hreet throng walks
Board of Trade, including ths stmxs ae- trifle faster than the crowd on Tw.n y
voted to banking Interests, Is Impressive third street or the upper reaches of B.oad-I
and the skyllns Is well sustained. The ver measured distance of 1101
buildings for the most part are massive, yards, or one-sixteenth of a mile, it w a!
many of them skyscrapers. The streets ' found that the crowd In Chicago mov. d at I
and the sidewalks are wtder than those he rate of from fifty-three to fifty-eiKht 'par to be In a hurry. If tills rate ap
throughout Lh Wall street section. There seconds, which Is five miles an hour. In f'oachet a five mile an hour ga.t It qujca
t -
SHOPPING. TWCNTr THir?D SFRECT, WCW YOBK ato.
are, besides, several bank buildings larger New York a series of readings taken of a
How Maud Was Hypnotized.
ow.
N complacent smile, "I am re
make a little experiment,
sure I can put you under tr
In
In
Maud," said Edgar, with a
I am ready to
I am
put vou under the hyp
notic Influence If you will agree not to re
sist. JiiHt put your mind In a passive con
dition. Try to think of nothing at all. No;
do not say yoj will think of .Tie. Be seri
ous. Now, Jen back comfortnbly. That
right. Fix yo.ir eye on that light now, and
don't forget to kep your mind a blank. I
will count sixty seconds by my watch.
The girl followed directions literally,
twenty seconds her eyelids blinked;
forty they' closed.
"Ah, I knew I would succeed!" exclaimed
Edgar, highly elated. "Now, Maud, 1 com
mand you to tell me the secrets of your
heart. Whom do you love? Tell me, I
command you!"
A momentary expression of resistance
crossed the girl's face. Then she spoke ln
a monotone:
"I !ove Klear rnpham, and"
"Yes, yes!" cried Edgar, trembling with
delight. "Uo on; tell me all the secrets
of your heart."
"I love lllfir Popham," continued the
girl. In the name tone, "and 1 would love
h:m more If he were not so stingy. I want
to go to tli theatre twice a week, ami he
takns me only once in three munthi. I
want diamond rings, and he gives me rings
with cheap suwies In them. 1 want a drive
in the pirk once or twice a vk, and I
iievr get It. When I go out with Mm and
ff hunery he never thinks of oysters.
When 1'
Enough!" cried the young man.
"Awiko, 1 rorrsmand you!" and he fled
without waiting to sse the result of his
command. ,
Autumn.
O thrlftU'S Autumn, all thy wasted gold
LJes scattered on the dark, sweet smell
ing eo.ith.
Siuajidered ere half Its heavy sum was
told.
And thou art left In unexpected dearth.
Soft heart, to wanton with the brefZ's sol
For what has come of all che.r treach
erous vows,
Except that I hou art plunged In sullen wos
With dingy hedges and ungarnlshed
boimhsT
ly look back on all the green.
sine the streets of Chicago, especially course contributes to the general air of)
..41... ,ti, iui.tlH .ii.l hurrv. I
" . 1 1 1 1 1 1 o linn'. r a iuib . -. .. - . ,
-rn'e or nurrv n-'u in:-ae or .ew 1 oral, in uie uou-aie ut- ; " ' , " - .1,,, Ju ,w ... . ..
than ay In New York. But la Wall street similar crowd showed much ,1 U characte. IsUc both of ahi-ltr.cl. of both cities ,t t, common to see r hictr. .au but half ,, Pulauo,, of : ;l , ,h3 toZZto.niJZtnlvi
khTS5: VZXt0' CCBtl-u-. i , Th, .v.r.. but. passesrthe' Walks Wre.,. It. .Ta?kTla"UUnuou" ESS'aii "s:y a. "h.7 1 wiio.e wiuer, and wahm .Teirru-ie. sr.I b.n
,na 11 .k Trh ia , le-ond or two variation ln this distance, pace but a few ecu.Jt 111 n-;, , --i .,.. pa e . loieir-r. You w ! - 1 sue 'as crow. led with people and vehicles as A sole nn, lingering, unforgotten blsxe.
1 he siaewaik on tne norm side or the which Is scarcely significant either Way. 1 tne em ire apin ante tit the street will be crowds In Sou'h Water etr.e', ln Chicago, ln New York. In the sums lim wd d!s-: Alas, that I so heluiessly must stand
isoara or 1 raae nuiming may oe laaen as , Wheal a srrer rm a-it ou.vs . ci. niferf 4 tr, vv . 1 . m -r. ,,r . t i v f pn, ,,r tr,.t. runhin. 01 in tvict h!cairA hm ra eil t.a-.r vrv kukl , . .w , u , ,,ttra.i ' . v,A
typical at Chicago's flnaooial dlstrtcL The faster - tour miles an hour K WU1 ao-ltlvlty seems to pervads the entire city. I West sneet. oa the lowr west side, 'i i.e. buildings, but has kept w ua whola a I lundl
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