Ausleringthe Great 1 r' l Q i : tin . PI 4 i f EW YORK, Nor. 1 Ol of the N jreatt'Bt Of th victories of peace appears In the Bmooth and easy movement of the peaceful armies of American pleasure seekers. Only the other day there was great ex citement In Washington when President Roosevelt telegraphed the War department: "Arrange for 6,000 troops to start for Cuba aa soon as possible." Inntantly the quiet gray building on Pennnylvania avenue oc cupied by the War department sprang Into an uproar of activity. Orderlies were tent currying hither and yon, a host of mes sages set telephone and telegraph wires humming from one end of the country to the other, railroad and steamship schedules were recklerely smashed and easy-going urini iiucui. utlll ltllsl Flttl Lt'U III iU nuiK overtime, all In the attempt to mobilize 6,000 troops at the three eparate ports of New York, Newport News and Tampa, under the concentrated attention of the entire country, which was expected dull- fully and patriotically to marvel at the wonderful exhibition of what perfect or ganisation can accomplish. And yet to the transportation companies affected the whole affair was of little more Importance In their dally routine, though & great deal more troublesome, than a Bun- day school convention or a political gather- In. Army of Mere Pleasure. Few 'transportation companies are aceus- .L -u thls-tho armlea of peace and pleasure. In the spring there Is an army, many tin.es 6,000 ln number, which moves peacefully and harmoniously upon New York from every part of the country on Its way to Europe. In the autumn the same army re turns, and Is distributed again to the four corners of the land. In the early summer, When pavemenU grow hot and cities tilling, there Is the exodus to the shore Dominion (Copyright, 1909, by Frank Q. Carpenter.) N1EW YORK, IJov. 8.-(8peclal Corre I spondeneo of The Bee.)-1 recently I V,uH n alb m-lh An nf lha htirirn.t men of the British Northwest. This Is Mr. William Whyte. the second vice president of the Canadian Pa ctflo railway, and manager of its many enterprises between Lake Superior and the Pacific ocean. The Canadian Pacific Is a developing company as well as a transpor ts, t Ion company. It not only has the longest continuous line of roads under one manage ment on this continent, but It owns millions of acres of lands, great tracts of timber and valuable mines, which It operates It self. It has under way by far the htrgest Irrigation project In North America, and. In addition, has steamship lines on the Pacific which connect with Japan. China, Alaska nd Australia and the Bouth seas, and teamshlps on tho Atlantic which connect It with England. The comrany operates Us own sleeping care and a line of hotels. It la now building in Winnipeg one of the biggest hotels ln Canada at a cost of something like $1,000,000, and it h great summer hotels In the Rockies nnd at the larger cities along its lines. It has the chief telegraph company of Canada, and It operates its own express service. The Canadian Pacific waa the first rail road to open up this northwest, and Its position to a certain extent Is a paternal one. It gives special rates ot transporta tion for fine stock In order to help the farmer, and not long ago, when t.he lumber lore's were overcharging the settlers for building materials, this company brought them to time by threatening to start saw mills of It own. It threatened to open coal mines when the coat dealers charged exor bitant rates, and it now proposes to send out education cars to teach the farmer (rain raising. j The head of all these movements 1 Mr. William Whyfe, and he has beon at their head tor years. He has gone over the moat of this great northwest on horsoback and la wagons, examining the soil and studying the resource with a view to increasing tbe traffic of his railroad system. It I he who has been largely Instrumental in push ing out branch lines Into the wheat belt, and a the head of the land grants whleh originally comprised aa much land aa the whole state ot Ohio, he has laid out many of the town and aided ln populating the country. As I talked with Mr. Whyte we looked over some man of the New 'Canada and discussed Its relations to the lands acros the Pacific. Mr. Whyte has ben several times to Japan and China, and he hue traveled over, Manchuria und Liberia ex amining Into thoso countries as possible trafilu producers. .My first question won aa to the effect of tbe Japauustj-HuiUn 'war upon the trade of the orient. Future vf Japan. . Said Mr. Whyte: "T fhlnk that the war will greatly benefit the Japanese. " Those people will exploit "Manchuria and Corea, -and they will then turn their attention to Chrna. The Japanese already have many Investments in China. They !o a largd part of the carrying trade for the elcstlal em pire, and they have lines of steamboats on the Ja:anese rivers. They arc go.nl organisers, and they realizq that Uiuir future Is to be Industrial and comnunrial. They are taking the best elim-nla of our civilisation and making ' them their own. We are already trading larguly with, Japan, and I ex.ect to nee a steady in crease in that trade. The Japanese are largely ilea cater, but wc are now sending them wheat, and they will In time le wheat eater and meat eaters. It i this feature of their deveiopnifnt which in tvretts us, for we eic.eit to supply A largo I'iirt of those products." "How aloit the tourist travel to JapanT Is It Increasing?' "Yes, wo ore having a heavy pesvenger traffic between Vancouver and Yokohama. We have a bhorter route than ar;y of the steamers from the United Slates, ua we hiches uy oa Uts) globe than jou are. -1 ,T. If -v."a'"7 -"- ..FROMOBILE." THE FAVORITE WAT OP TRAVEL ON THE BEACH. nnd mountaini, which turns first to Cap May. Atlantic City, Newport, liar Har bor and the Iiundredst cif other aeaslds resorts along the Atlantic roast and a HtUs later takes Its flight Vito the mountains. 60 that It seems strange to raue such a hulabaloo over the mobilizing of a mere t.000 soldiers when one remembers the peaceful armies which are continually cam paigning through the country. Anyone who hus witnessed the scene of bustle and con fusion lis the returning advance gunrd of this army comes streaming into the Grand Central station In New York on the nrst Tuesday In September, armed with golf clubs, tennis racquets and (ishing tackle, with baggage trucks on every hand plied hh w(h tho mpejlmerta of travcl, Bl9 some faint Idea of the proportions to which this movement attains. More practice, perhaps, would facilitate handling the soldiers of lTncle Sam's army. 1 r peace. a.i an evem, monmse raVlay tt,lu y successfully. lney are ai ways at It. Even now these armies are gathering again, this time for the annual advance upon the winter resorts of the south. The vanguard Is ready to make Its annual capture of the baths at Virginia hot Br-Hngs and to find recreation In the """""tains of western , Virginia and the Carolina. In a few weeks these and other hosts from every part of the land wl'.l be gin to move on to that marvelous Btretch unbrokpn Ilne foam the eaatern coa8t o( Florl,ia from the mouth of the St. X . , . " J.h" ' " tb' nor,ht,"ter" corner ! state, through nearly five degrees of latl- tude to Mlaml-an entire state given over to great winter playground, forming the nearest American approach to the famous iyVjera An army of 300,000 tourists visits Florida each wlntcr-an army five times as large tnt which wears the uniform of Uncle of Canada as a Business Competitor of the United States We are making a specialty of our passen ger service, and we expect to put on faster steamers and better steamers even than those we now have. We shall carry some freight, but ours will be more of an ex press than a heavy freight business. Our freight at present consists largely of silks, curios and tea rather than ot the heavier articles." "Is Canada sending much wheat to Japan?" I asked. "Not as yet. We are having some ship ments from the province of Alberta, which lies just east of the Rookies. That province is beginning to raise winter wheat. It produced something llko 2,000,000 bushels this year, and Its possi bilities are very great. The wheat Is the turkey red variety which comes from seed Imported from Kansas. It Is superior to tho Kansas wheat and will make more pounds of bread to the barrel. With the growth of this product we shall probably have a large shipment to Japan, not only on account of the quality, but because of the low freight rate which we will make from there to the Pacific and to tho orient," Siberian Wheat Fields. "Do you expect much competition from Siberia in your wheat raising!" I asked. "Ye," replied the vice president. "Si beria, outside ut Canada, 1 about the only country which promise to form a new ele ment In the wheat markets of the world. For a few years before the war Siberia waa producing about 30,000,000 bushels ot wheat Tliat was It average during the years between ISM and 1902. In 1903 the crop amounted to 80,0(0,000 bushels, and it will probably exceed that now that the war le closed. Ill ere Is a vast tract of land adapted to wheat raising between the Ussurl and Amoor rivers extending from the Pacific westward. That region Is be ing settled by Rusolana, They corao across from Europe on the Transslberlaa railroad or by sea from Odessa on emigrant steam ers subsidized by the government. That region can produce millions ot bushels of wheat. It will probably furnish a large part of the supply of Japan and China. There are also wheat lands In Manchuria and farther west in Siberia. Indeed, it is hard to estimate Just, what northern Asia will do in the wheat markets ot the fu ture." Canada Wheat Farmers, The conversation hex turned to Canada M 1 ' Na-JV GENERAL TIFE OMAIIA Army of V lev ;.. i;. u :V, ' 4 .1 Sara and approximately as large as that whlch Roes to Europa ln tne course of s ycor Yet there Is no undue excltemen over tho comIng of 8Ucn a no8t. poetic, Practice has prepared the, way for Its every step. For its transportation a fleet of ocean going Fteamers ply regularly from the northern coast cities throughout the sea- on. From New York and Chicago and other cities of the north and west, parlor Froni New York and Chicago and tr,na ,,,.. oonvf-vtn thi. plea8ure Peking army ln Jts pursuit of 8ummCT. . , . , There Is no mad scurrying for tents, or tinned coodsi as is the case w4en a. raw thousand boys in blue get busy. In the commissariat for the ear of thla vj.t Brmy are Included the facilities afforded a our chief competitor ln the foreign mar. kets. Mr. Whyte said: "Your people do not appreciate our possi bilities. Your wheat lands are well defined. You had something like 48,OO0,0W) acres un der crop last year, and your average was about thirteen bushels per acre. Canada has 2&0,000,000 acres upon which wheat can be grown. It ha five time3 as much wheat land as Is now cultivated ln the United States, and even If you deduct 100,000,000 acres on the account of swamp, muskeg and other bad lands, we have three times as much good wheat land left as you have. Aa to our acreage crop, it Is twenty bushels and upward per acre. Instead of thirteen. When our land is all under cultivation we shall be able to supply the greater part of the European demand and uid in feed ing you." "Who are to be your chief cempetltors ln the wheat market of the future?" "The United States will compete for a time," eaid Mr. Whyte, "but your popula tion is growing so rapidly that It will eventually consume all you raise and wilt probably have to call upon us. Among other competitors Russia and Siberia will probably lead, but Russia Is still ,very poorly farmed.' Argentina will always be a competitor and India-and Australia like wise" Xew Railroads for Canada. ' "Can Canada handle Its big wheat crops when they come?" 'T think so," replied the railroad vice president. ''"The march of railroad build ing la rapid In this part of the world. The wheat belt is being opened up by trunk lines and branch roads will be constructed to meet the demands of the farmer. We expect! to build a great deal of new track this year, and we ahall double our tracks wherever needed. We have been sending 00 grain cars a day from Winnipeg to Lake Superior, and by this time next year we shall have a double track between those two points. There are other rail roads being constructed ln addition te ours. The Canadian Northern Is building a line through the wheat belt above us, and the Grand Trunk Pacific will have Its route through the same region. Our explorers have surveyed that country to ascertain where the moil fertile of the wheat lands are, and we shall have our own tracks, with branch lines. Railroad building in the wheat belt will go steadily on, keeping as tar as possible ln advance of th settle ! ' - 1 T ' e - OFFICES 'F THE CANADIAN PACIFIC l ir SUNDAY BEE: NOVElfftKR 11, 1006. Pleasure 7 ! ... Y:; TWELVE-FOOT 'GATOR TAKEN WITH A RIFLE IN A by hundreds of hotels and boarding houses, from the J8 or $10 a week cottage, accom modating half a dozen guests, to the pala tial hostelry fitted with every convenience and luxury for hundreds. At Jacksonville Is located the distributing point for the . , transporting ot tne onio Dl p,.urB seekers as they progress down the coast from one famous winter resort to anether. On one side the ocean Is always at hand, and boating and bathing may alternate with tight seeing and excursions by land through deep forests or orange groves full of fruit. An enthusiastic flank movement is gen- erally executed by a detachment of the m.in o-mv r,t r.n n.urh It done in r.ni wur Th Hntnchmnnt is mailo uo of those who like to invoke an icy shiver ments. Such construction Is not a matter of experiment. We knot? that we shall have the settlers just as soon as the lines are built. Indeed, they begin to buy be fore the tracks are laid, and we are finding that our branch roads pay from tho very start. The farmers know that they will get the roads and they are going ahead and taking out their homesteads on faith." GoTernment nnd Railways "I see, Mr. Whyte, that both the Domin ion and the provincial governments of Canada are going Into railroad building. Ontario Is pushing a line northward to ward Hudson's bay, and the Grand Trunk Pacific, from Winnipeg to the Atlantic, 1 to be built by the federal government. Will It pay the governments to own and operate their own railways?" "I think not," was the reply. "Railroad ing is a profession, and it takes trained men to manage the business successfully. Politicians cannot make good railroad operators. They are dependent upon the people for their election and continuance In office, and they must take their con stituents, into consideration In making rall oad appointments. Ba4 men may, there fore, through political Influence, retain rail road positions, and good men may lose their Jobs. Indeed, I do not see how a railroad can be successfully handled by our government with our present political ma chinery. It will not pay." Lines to Hudson' Bay. "What do you think of the plan of mak ing the future wheat route to Europe via Hudson's bay?" "That matter is yet to be settled. We do not know how far th bay or the straits which lead into it can be navigated. Hud son's bay is said to be free from ice, but It Is uncertain how long the straits can be kept open. If a clear channel can be maintained there for a good part of the year much of the wheat may go to Eu rope that way. The haul from the Sas katchewan valley to Hudson's bay would be much shorter than to Lake Superior, and Hudson's bay Is much nearer to Liver pool. If the straits are to be open for only a short time the grain would have to be stored until the year following its harvest, and that mean elevator charge aud heavy Insurance. Indeed, (here are many questions entering Into the prob lem. We ought to know exactly what we can expect as to the navigation of th 1 '. "' ': AT WINNIPEG. Seekers for 'Winter I ' v. 1 - w v' k ; UIDWIKTSA ft' FLORIDA BAYOU. through gazing on gruesome relics of past tiays wnen History was written in oioou. The objective point in keeping with the simile Is old Fort Marlon, a relic of Span- lsh dominion, whose construction was be- gun more than three centuries ago and within whose rrim walla are still to be - B,..n chlir3unKeon8, 8ecret passages, wells. qu)cU8an(1 trap8 and al) the terrifying lu- Btrulnents of torture which attended a Spanish regime In the fifteenth century- HM. of lio.el Army. Were all this an invasion of troops, even without resistance, the story would not move so quickly. Neither would the ln- vnslnn. for the fact already becomes 8D- narent that to Dreoare the way for an army of pleasure seekers another subsidiary straits before building roads or projecting them." Amerlcanaln Canada. "Is the Canadian Pacific railroad bring ing In aany Americans?" I asked. "Yes; we are getting your people from all parts of the United States. They are settling everywhere throughout the wheat bolt. They are the most desirable immi grants that come to Canada. They un derstand our conditions and make more headway than any other class. Many of them are well-to-do and they are bring ing stock and money with them. They buy lands and go right to work, often putting in a crop the first year." "What size farms do they purchase?" I asked. "The moBt of them begin with sections r half sections. A farmer ought to have about 81 acres to operate successfully. He should let his land rest at least one year out of three, and this gives him about 300 acres to put in wheat or other crops. So far we have but little bonanza farming in the northwest. Several Amer ican companies have bought large tracts, a few having purchased 1,000,000 acres. Such land companies buy to colonize and sell again. The most of them have dis posed of their lands. "In addition to the land purchasers," continued Mr. Whyte, "we have the home steaders. The government Is still giving 1M acres of land to actual settlers. Many farmers take up homesteads and buy the quarter sections adjoining." Foor Cnnndlan Farming-. "What kind of farmers have you here In Canada?" "We have all kinds ome wise and seme otherwise. At present much of the land is poorly cultivated. Right here about WinnU peg are farms which do not yield mora WILLIAM WHYTE. ONE OF THE BIG V ' . r CONCERT UNDER TUB PALMS. army la necessary. Taking Into account enly the ten greatest and most famous of Florida's hundreds of hotels, 2.700 peoplo re employed solely to minister to the com fort of the Invading boats. The maneuver ing of thla subsidiary army alone Is no mall task, for It Includes on Its staff even generals of division called managers, thirty-one housekeepers and assistants. 240 chambermaids, 270 laundresses and assist ants, ninety clerks, seventeen auditors and bookkeepers, seventy porters and assist ants, 241 hall boys, eighty-six engineers and assistants, thlrty-nlno electricians, twelve lilumbers and fifty-six cleaners. In the quartermasters' department of this army there are nineteen stewards and assistants, forty storekeepers and forty-four wine ctrwards and assistants. Everything must be done on a large cale in the running of these hotels. The grape fruit that the guest ate with his breakfast was one of 214,000 consumed dur ing tho season. More than twice as many oranges about 436,000 were required. Cof fee was brewed from a supply aggregating 63.C00 pounds, or more than .twenty-five tons. The cream was gathered from 89,000 quarts of milk and 113.000 quarts were neerlej for other purposes. The butter U8e(1 weghe(j nearly 150.C00 pounds. Egs were eatfln Dy the million, 3.400,000 being a SPason-8 supply. Of other edibles. 51.000 poa, of nalrii 46iooo pounds of bacon. 8,400 Hvera, K0.0f0 lamb chops and 3,37(1,000 steaks nP.,.A.i i . 1 i..... ..1 -n i?nn v VI 3 vuiieuuicu 111 iticpo iiudiuii 1 o , i vi dlnners tnere were Bervej ,a8t winter, amonK oUleT thlngI 1S8000 ot rlb roaets an(j 153 m sides of beef a.u anj .r w.r. n .,n-itips BMt an4 pper were used In quantities astonish the housewlfe-.000 pounds of salt and 81,000 pounds of peopor. As a fcjrt of frill to the menu there were served 00 gallons of olives. 0,000 clams and 825,000 oysters. Another Item too Important to be overlooked waa 1,600 barrels of flour, whioh went Into rolls, bread, pastry, dressings than twelve bushels of wheat to the acre. They are so fl led wilta wec; that the wl eat grown is almost .worthless. Our country roads bps almost twice aa wide as they should be, and the waste lands along their sides are nurseries for weeds and trash. Some of our farmers are not careful in their seed selection; they will sell- their best wheat and save the poorest to ww for the next crop. Indeed, I have known men who have shipped their good wheat and kept that which has been frosted for seed." Teaching; the Farmer. "We have much to learn about farming." continued Mr. Whyte, "and we are making new discoveries every day. The latest Is thnt to which I have already referred aa to the winter wheat for the dry lands. We had no Idea that we could produce grain In the semi-arid belt. "One of tho settl-rs tried It and succeeded. Then the Canadian Pacific railway brought two car loads of turkey red seed to Alberta and gave them to the farmer at rost. This was planted and If was largejy from that seed that we got the 5,000,000 bushel crop last year. We are doing all we can to Improve the farm ing conditions; fer the greater the crops the greater our traffic. We have now what I mlrht call education cars, which we have equipped with different kinds of seed wheat. We expect to send them from stciUon to station and have lecturers who will explain the different seeds and show the farmer how to make the most out of their lands. I understand a similar educational movement has been going on in the United States." Mixed Farming; In Canada. "Tell me something about the Canadian west, Mr. Whyte. Is it dependent entirely upon wheat for its success?" "Ey no means," replied the railroad vice president. "A large pait of Alberta and Saskatchewan is adapted to mixed farming. MEN OF THE BRITISH NORTHWEST. Campaign f pi r and other good things. Ten cheff, CO eook and assistants, fifty-five bakers and as sistants and 1,000 waiters assisted ln the preparation and service of the food. To contribute to the happiness of seekers for rest and recreation, 110 musicians, six golf professionals, four swimming teacher and ninety gardeners were employed. Mores In ltlnre Cure. Unlike the "regulitrs" In blue uniforms, this pleasure-seeking army travels de luxe in Pullman conches. With tho extension now in progress of the road to Key West and thence by car ferry to Havana the soldier of the recreation-seeking army will be able to go from San Francisco to Cuba by train. Moreover, should the much-talked of railroad across Behrlng straits be com pleted, an all-rail Journey from Paris to Havana will be possible, so that the dandy of the Parisian boulevards may take his railway ticket straight through for a sea son ln Florida or Cuba. If he prefers the long Siberian Journey to the storms of the Atlantic. The transformation of the entire east coast of Florida from a barren waste of sand and alligator swamps into the most extensive pleasure resort in the world, to gether with tho building of the first sea going railway, haa been the result of one man's daring enterprise. A number of years ago Mr. H. M. Flagler conceived the Idea which has added 30000 to Florida's winter population, and has since devoted to its development the millions which came to him as one of the pioneers of Standard Oil. The hotels and the railroads have advanced together from Jacksonville down tho whole length of tho coast as necessary to nnd a part of the same unique enter prise, and now "on to Havana" Is the watchword of the annual army of Invasion. Incidentally, it has fcreught te Flerida a tremendous development as the winter kitchen-garden of the United States. There la a great dairy1 country right neat Edmonton which is now producing butter for British Columbia and the western mar kets. That region Is adapted to mixed farming, and a great many of your Penn sylvania and Ohio people are settled there. They have big barns. Just as in the United States. The land there produces the finest oats. I know farmers who grow from eighty to 100 bushels per acre and. the oat will weigh forty pounds to the bushel. It grews timothy as tall as a man and also barley and other grain. It Is not so coid near the Reekie as farther east, nnd In many respects It Is more desirable for settlement than the wheat belt proper. "British Columbia promises to develop somewhat like your states of Washington and Oregon. It has many small valleys whioh can be irrigated and which, will pro. duoe the finest of apples, pears, peuche and prune. That country is Just opening up and we expect it te have a great In crease in population In tho near future." FRANK Q. CARPENTER. Quaint Features of Life Indian Highballs. "Pusky" is a new sodawater fountain drink at Eufala, Okl. Pusky was invented by the Creek Indians. Corn that is Juut hard enough to shell is heated ln a pot until it la brown. Then it is broken in a mortar Into a fine powder. "Mixed with sweet milk or with carbonated water and syrups, 'pusky,' " says an enthuslastlo local paper, "is a drink that niahea a man carry his wife around ln his arms Just lor the exercise." Ilroken Weeding Bell. Out of the divorcs dinner given by Mis. Soytna Fioreuce Jjiebenger to ceicUraie the awarding ot toe decree which mains her permanent separation from Albert Ulesen ger, a Wall street broker, has grown the Brokeu. Wedding Hell association. Mrs. Liesengur's guest were so deiigUled with the dinner and the entertainment that they are uetermined to have a peroianeut or ganisation. Mrs. Dleaenger' dinner was unique, and it was not ended until early morning. Nearly all the guests had undergone ex periences similar to those of the hostess, and many wtre the sad stories of exueri euces with "brutes," "monsters," "fiends ln human shape," "deceiving wretches" und ' heart 1 o beauties." James P. McQuadu, father of the hostess, who himself went through tho courts suc cessfully, was a happy guest, but feared he would become Ineligible to membership, as he contemplated another experiment in matrimony. Statisticians at the dinner suld afterward that South Dakota and Rhode Island were about evenly represented, while Pittsburg appeared to lead In point of nativity. A Movable Cafe. "They've solvrd the meal station problem upon the Burlington's high line ln tho Uiaik Hills," said a man quoted by the Record-Herald. "You sue, the Burlington changes time very often, and between E!gi moNt and Deadwood they don't run a diner. It would be inconvenient to move the meal station every time they changed time, because there aren't many towns along that line that are available, and then It I expensive to be moving from one town to the other. So they have fitted upo a couple of boxcars, one for a dining room with a little office In one end and a buffet kitchen In tho other, and tho other cur for the woman who has charge Of the thing to live ln. Then, you sue, whenever the road changes time, they Just couple their meal station onto the train and carry It along to the point on the roid where they'll be at dinner time, or supper, or whatever It Is. and leave It on a handy sidetrack. And there It Is, always at the right place at th right time, and they serve good meals, too. I suppose If the train is late they ran Just hook on an esglne and take' the eupaer down to the travelers. I donft know about that, but It' a good Idea anyhow."