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PONT RIO DRIVEN BT
EAVER CITT had a flower parada
In conneatlon with Its counly fair
recently, and proved conclusively -that
the ' 1b; of a community
hai no bearing on Ha artlntlo
MR
plrlt. The parade was a Kuccens In every '
regard ,and Its beauty and general artistic
ensemble won for Its projectors and those
who toolc part r.iUch praise. Th citizens
wore taken completely by surprise, as they
had not looked for such a display, while
the vlnltdrs to the city on the day of the :
parado 1 were delighted by the beauty of
the decorated carriages. The women who
wiere Instrumental In' arranging for the af
fair worked hard from flrat to last, and
I were rewarded by seeing their plans go
Vthrough without hitch and to son a flower
parade carried out without a mlnhap. Those
who decorated vehicles for dlsplny did so
with excellent taste and judgment, and all
added to the succghs of the whole. A
novelty provided by the adltlon of a class
Xor Juvenile, which resulted In some very
pretty minor displays that added much to
the beauty of the whole as well as provid
ing an element of variety. Another feature
that la not usually Included In the list of
r flower parade was the "comical" section.
The winner In this went back to Ilrst .
I principles, and drove a team of mules
y tandem, hitched to a wagon of the olden
style and laden with such stuff as the
early settlers used to drag across the
prairies from the railroad to their claims.
A third departure from the conventional
was the participation of Industrial con
cerns In the show, and some handsomely
decorated floats representing business en
terprise,, were shown.
The committee that had charge of the
paraae, ana to wnose efforts Its success
Is due was Mrs. F. O. Downing. Mrn. B. F.
MnnM Mrs W f K T un. Vi tt.
. - ' . . . uuiiiivj, una, X-J . ijt
cClelland and Mrs. F. N. Mcrwln. The
ges were Mrs. Joseph KlnKtein of
Araphoe, Mrs. C. S. Letson of WlUonville
and Mrs. S. C. Forney of Beaver -City.
The prlxe winners were: First prize. Miss
Agnes Andrews of Cambridge, second
premium, Mrs. W. C. V. Lumley; third
prize, Mrs. Martin and Mrs. Vlnlng. In
the Juvenile class the .first prize, went to
the go-cart arranged by Mrs. F. D. Down
ing and drawn by four little girls. Tho
second to go-cart of Mrs. C. W. Wade
and drawn by four little boys. In the
comlo section Frank Smith was the un
animous choice for sweepstakes. By re
quest the parade was repeated on Friday.
A detailed list of the various rigs s as
follows:
Mrs. Lumley and Mis Effle Harding.
Ingle rig. blue chrysanthemums and white
chrysanthemums.
MIhs Agnea Andrews, single rig, decorated
In hl.tck and yellow, four little girls dressed
In black over yellow, yellow chrysanthe
mums and yellow daisies.
Mrs. Martin and Mrs. Vlnlng, single road
wagon, tandem team, red popples.
Mrs. B. F. Moore, doublo carriage, occu
pied by the Misses Oertrude Moore, Ruth
Courtright, Hazel Wilkinson and Maude
Leach; white chrysanthemums and laven
der chrysanthemums.
.Uncle Sam's 2,500
A. (Copyright, 1906, by Frank O. Carpenter.)
I Ty I A (Special Correspondence of The
Bee.) Within a. few months
Uncle Sam will have 2S.00O
Chinese iwolies working on the
Panama canal. They will be brought
acrues the ocean by contract and wH be
Object to rigid medical Inspection before
leaving Ctiiua for Panama. While at
Panama their health will be carefully
watched, their sanitary conditions will be
better than at home and the probability
la that they will solve the lubor problem
there. Chinese coolies were Imported dur
ing the building of the Panaiua railroad,
but no regard was paid to their health,
and In tho malarious conditions which then
prevailed they died by hundreds. At one
tlmo an epidemic of auxlde broke out
among them and o muny killed them
selves at one place alonjv the road that
the station theie got the name of Mata.
Chln, which me ins "dead Chinaman." It
has that name to this d:iy. .
t'blaes boat Africa.
Secretary Tuft Is anxiuus to throw all
ftguards about the Chinese and to pro-
ict them In every pawible way, mt only
as to their health, but s- to Impositions
ef any kind. The onitttns of Introduc
tion will be about the same as thono now
employed in bringing coolies fluin China t J
South Africa to satisfy the labor famine
which exists there. The gold mints of the
Rand have long bi-i-n '. rt of workmen.
Tho East Indiana who were lniiorted are
not a auccisd, and the KJ.T.ra, whj have
done a great deal of work up to llils time,
are growing more and more unreliable
from year to year.
They will work only
when they are hungry, and, as their wants
are few. they can get enough tp satlsiy
them by laboring from one-tUird to gnex
fia if the time. The result-Is they are Idle
from six to eight monihs every year and
the operators of the mines never know
when a gang will letve In a body.
It was In ia04 that the Transvaal began to
lniHrt Chinese coollia It has now brought
In thlrtv or more ship loads, containing
altogether about 60,J0 C'hlnose. Of th?se
more than two-thi-ds have be taken
from north China, of which less thaa ohe
In a hundred bas died from sickness.
Choosing Cowlw far Faaaaaa.
Oi;r coolies will be secured aiier
the
an method that the British used to gtt
oolles for South Africa. The Boutn Am-
Chinese were gathered by the Engllxli
mercantile firms la China, who receivea
certain mm tor . tvary aound. healthy
I
That Won
- .
MIS3 AONE3 ANDREWS OT CAMBRIDOB
GO-CART BT MRS. F. O. DOWNING
D. W. Loar'a drug store, single carriage,
occupied by Misses Grace Loar and Maud
Melllnger; white chrysanthemums and red
camnOons. -
Misses Mae Annes, Lela Ager and Pau
line Poe, single rig, red, white and blue
popples.
Pyncent and Susie Smith, single rig, tiger
lilies.
Little Amelia Downing,- juvenile rig,
drawn by the Misses Fawn Vlnlrtg, Polly
Oldham, Lillian Mcrwln," Jessie Hinshaw,
yellow chrysanthemums. ., ...
Little Mary Wade, juventie rig, drawn by
Callle Ellis. Wendall and Bertrell Moore
and Bryan Wilkinson, pink and white cnr- .
nations.
Mrs. Ida Combs and Mrs. Merta Merwln,
single rig, Maccabce colors, black, white
and red; red and white carnations.
Frank Smith, comic, tandem mules, with
pioneer harness and pumpkin trimmings.
Bhlmeall tt Son, double carriage, occu
pied by Mrs. Eddie Reynolds; Mr. Harry
Baer, Misses Mae Shafer and Nellie Lewis,
yellow chrysanthmums and pink carnations,
Mrs. J. W. Turner, single rig. red and
white roses.
C. E. Freas, double rig, occupied by tho
Misses Mnbrl Baer, Florence Zelser, Addle
Scheer and Theda Trehearne, white chrys
anthemums. W. 8. Kelley, runabout, driven by Misses
Vina Kelley and Ida Richards, yellow pop
ples and yellow daisies.
Beaver City Lumber company, float, four
horse rig, occupied by the band, red and
white peonies.
International Harvester company, float,
red and white wild rosea.
coolie delivered at the . pert of embarka
tion. We still have to make arrangements
with the government at Peking and our
coolies will be carefully examined by doc
tors again and again before they are
shipped. Their Crst examination will be
made by the American medical missionary
nearest home, and the others by the doc-
"the
store the coolies until the ships are ready
to take them, and the men will be gone
over again and again by the doctors. Their
eyesight and hearing will be Inspected and
a rigid physical examination made. Be
fore the latter, tach coolie will be thor
oughly scrubbed with soap and warm
water, and after the examination he will
be vaccinated, photographed and tagged
with a card corresponding to his letter of
Identification. Before he signs a contract
he will be made to understand just what
that contract la, and that he slgr.s It only
of his own volition. In this he will be pro
tected by the Chlnrte " government oin
c'als. who will ask hioi all sorts of Ques
tions to see that he knows just what he la
doing. Here are aome of the questions
which will b put lo him:
"Where are you going? How long will It
lake you to reach PannmaT What will you
do when you urrlve there? What kind of
work cuu you do? What wages will you
get? Can you ltave. money in China for
your family? How much will you leave?
How many hours a day will you work nc
Pir.a na? How nriny dgys per week? Do
you go rf you'r own free will?" etc.. etc.
If the Chinese coolie answers these riues
' tlona so that th ? government offli Ul
knows that he understand? his contract,
he will be piftted on IntQ the gang and
registered for embarkation, but before he
wl ni allowed to ga the official will sav:
"Now If there Is any coolie here who
regrets having come, let him step to the
front. Any 'man who does not wish to go .
to PanSTa Is eti:i at perfect liberty to go
betne, if 1 so chooses, and there will be
no punishment for him ' and no monry to
pe v for having changed his mind. The
only requirement is that he leave this
port within twenty-four hours."
' Tsacel xrllb Lead Disks.
At the final inspection ec! Ch'nese wHI
recelv a leid disk stamped wljh the num.
hr of bl 'denllflceti card and erotrot.
This he wl'l rnrry with him to Panim.
and It w'll be probably u?d by htm from
day to day in collecting- his wage Be..
fore rte goes on ooara snip. puw,w, n
will nave to pass a nnai meaicai eisminn-
tlor, "or mis severe nunarpu w.ws win
- be brought Into a large hall at a time, ead '
the Prizes in the Flower Parade at Beaver City
AND MRS. D. H McCLETULAND FIRST
FIRST PRIZB IN JUTKNIIJD CT.AB8.
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: " . ' . ..''''.'.' ' : " 1 .'. ' . " '- " ' . W;.-.-..-,r.
FLOAT OF BEAVER CITT LUMBER COMPANT WITH BEAVER CITT
Chinese
each must then be clad only In a piece of
string and his paper tag. The men will
be taken one by one into an adjoining
room to be examined by the doctors and
by Chinese clerks, who :vlll see whether
their physical appearance corresponds with
their Identification tags. If they are found
correct the men will pass on Into a third
room, where there la a tank of warm
water. In which he must was "a off the
last dust of China from his body. He
will then go on Into a dressing room to
put on new, clean clothes and perhaps-a
1 uniform furnished by the contractors of
the Panama canaL It Is here that the
coolie changes his paper tag for a lead
disk, and here he gets his first payment
of a month's wages perhaps in advance
so that he may settle his last bills in
China before saying good-bye to his fam
ily and going on board.
The Chinese coolies who have gone to
Africa are getting from IT to C2 cents a
X K
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HIE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: OC7TOBER 21, 1906.
5 '
4.
PRIZE.
Ik '' r .
., , ,.r.: ..
J '
Coolies and How They Will Be Chosen
day and food, and tt Is hardly probable
that those who come to Panama will be
paid less than $1 per day, although they
wjjl probably feed themselves. They will
get more and more as the work goes on;
for, as I shall show farther on in this
letter, they understand union methods and
will be able to raise their wages to the
highest notch.
A dollar a day, however. Is a big thing
for a coolie fresh from China. It la ten
times as much as he could make at home.
If our common laborer, who is now receiv
ing $1.60 or $2 a day, had a similar In
crease he would be getting from $16 to
$20 a day. While I was at the city of
Fuchow, in China, some time ago, I was
told that the dally wages of ma-ions were
IS cents and that the best carpenters re
ceived 20 cents. Skilled Chinese masons
and carpenters on the Panama canal will
eventually get from ten to fifteen times
these sums, and than be not bait as well
1 ' .
'i "sssjpsa-
CHINESE PACKERS. AT WORK-THS6B MSN GET 19 CENTS
5 " ' .
SINGLE RIO DRIVEN BT MRS. W.
mfi. vrTS:rv
TANDEM DRIVEN BT MRS. W. H. MARTIN
-4 W r.i. "-
BAND.
paid for their ton hours' work as our
eight-hour men who do similar business
here.
Women tea pickers In China get some
thing like 2 cents a day, and those en
gaged In making grass cloth, a beautiful
goods much like silk, receive about 3 cents
from daylight to dark. An old missionary
told me that he could get ten men to work
a whole day for him for a dollar, and out
of that sum 10 per cent would be given to
the man who did the hiring. In some parts
of China ordinary field hands get S or 4
cents a day with food, and skilled work
men less than 10 cents. This is, of course.
In the Interior, where wages, have not been
affected by the modern progress move
ments. Professional men are paid similarly lew .
wages. In almost any Chinese city you can
get thirty theater actors to play forty
eight hours for SO simoleons, and In the
backwoods of China a doctor will charge
fit -'A ' ') ' " i J-.v
ill i '-'t I :;
A CAI,
- -w N TT
C. '
CT i. CD WTS9 KTTIB HARDIN
: :. ; -; -
AND MRS. EMMA VININO THIRD PRIZD.
TNT r
FLOAT OP INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANT.
you 20 cents a visit and tlJnk himself well
paid.
In the factories wages are very low.
There are about 20,000 silk bands In the
mills at Bhang Hal. and among them are
children who work for S cents a day and
women weavers who get $ cents. I went
through a large factory employing hun
dreds of females, and the highest paid
woman In the whole establishment got 28
cents for a thlrteen-hour day. I also weut
through the cotton mills which are now
springing up in , various parts of China
and asked as ta the wages. The factory
girls at Shang Hal were then recelviug
on the average about 14 cents of our money
a day and the poorer hands did - not get
more than t cents. The hours were from
until C, with thirty minutes at neon for
luncheon. These girls were about the best
paid in that part . of China, ' and they
thaught themselves lucky to get the job.
Chinese Colons at Panama.
The ceollea will probably organize their
own unions at Panama, and that soon after
their arrival. There Is no country of the
world more honeycombed with trade unions
than theirs, and when they go abroad
they will carry their union rules with them.
This Is the cape with the Chinese In the
Philippines, at Singapore, In Hawaii and
In almost every foreign settlement, and Is .
bound to be so at Panama. The' labor
unions In China are almost as Important as
are oun unions here. During my stay in
Tientsin some years ago LI Hung Chang
was the viceroy of Pechllll, and as such be
was Interested In bringing the Shanhalk
Wan railroad into Tientsin. He was able
to get It only to the banks of the Pelbo
river opposite that city. He started to
build a bridge, when the boatmen's union
objected, and he had to put his station on
the other side. The boatmen are among
the .lowest of the Chinese coolies, and LI
Hung Chang was the strongest official the
celestial empire has ever had; but LI did
not dare to antagonize the boatmen.
Another strong union la that of the
wheelbarrow men. They do the freighting
of the empire, carting goods and passen
gers on rude barrows, pushed by hand.
There are 50.000 such men In Shanghai,
and when they struck not long ago against
an increase of license there was as muoh
distress in thst city as there was In Chi
cago at the time of the teamsters' strike.
. Another strong union Is that of the slop
carriurs, the men who bring the dishwater
and other offensive stuff out of the houses
and carry it away to be saved for manure,
There are no sewers .or modern . con-,
venk-nces In must Chinese cltlea, and these
men form one of the most Important parts
ac the laboring element. Met loag age
rv- .'..V
n
O-TOOOND PRIZA
..,XA
all those employed in the city of Nanking
truck on account of the unjust arrest, i f
one of their members. They refused to
carry out the slops, and at the end of
three days the city stank to such a de
gree that the people rose and Instated that
their demands be granted. . .
China has beggars' unions, barbers
unions and unions of all sorts of, factory ,
men. The barbers' union once declared a
strike which reached most parts of the ;
empire, and for a time the two hundred
odd million men and boys In' China wept."
about with their heads looking like hkyk .
shoe brushes. It la not difficult to shave ,
one's face, but to shave one's head Is al- .
most impossible, and the hair of the
Chinese grew Into bristles on the . strike "
of the barbers. I believe the strike vu
for a demand that barbers' sons might be
admitted to the'ofllcial examinations, and ,
I understand that it succeeded. '
How Chinese Fight Capitalists. '
Our first 1.50O Chinese can probably be .
controlled without much trouble at Pan
ama, but If their number la doubled and
quadrupled, as may be the case when the
canal la In full swing, a serious strike
might oauae considerable trouble and oven '
danger of life. There was a strike st '
Shanghai some year ago against a magis- '
trata thera, during which the strikers took
possession of the unjust official and bit '
off his ears, and at Buchow there Is a ;
record of a strike against an employer
who took on more apprentices In rushing
an order of gold leaf for the emperor's
palace. In which the employes killed the '
offending capitalist In this rase they bit '
him to death, each man being forced to
take a chew and show that bis lips and
teeth were bloody before he was permitted '
to go home from the factory. There were '
so many men engaged In the biting tliut .
only the ringleaders were punished.
The Chinese unions regulate the num
ber of apprentices. In some cases they
fix the hours of work as, for instance. -Ilk
weavers' are not allowed .to work
after t o'clock In the evening. The or
dinary hours, however, are Ions;, and if
the work of Panama Is to be paid for by -the
hour thera will be no trouble In get.
ting, the Chinese to put In at least ten
hours per day.
4 ''
What Coolies Will po oa tannl.
The general Idea la that the coollos will
be required only for the dirty work on
the canal; that they will shovel din and
be mere diggers of earth and hewers ol .
wood or drawers of water. This will be.
so. at the start, but they will , rapidly. '
,. Continued a Page Seven.)
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