THE OMAIIA SUNDAY. BEE: SEPTEMBER 2, 1D0C.
5
0
a
0- Development of Nebraska
MR origin of tha association under
whose auspice the Nebraska
state fair la hrld, dates back al
moat fifty years. It was near
tlio beginning history of Nebrask
u a territory, that what la now known
aa the Nebraska State Board of Agricul
ture waa originally treated by an act of
the territorial legislature with perpetual ex- '
Istence, approved October 11, 1S6S, entitled,
An act to establish a Territorial Hoard
of Agriculture." The bill for this act
was prepared and Its paj-suge tecured by
the, efforts of Robert W. Furnas, then a
member of the council branch of the ter
ritorial legislature.
Tha provisions of tha act for the forma-,
tlon of a board of agriculture were: That
It ahould consist of sixteen members, tha
term of office for one-half to be for one
year and one-half for two years, thua pro
viding for the election of one-half of lta
member each year. The board elected its
own members and officials, aa It does at the
present time. The act also provided that
the president of county agricultural socic
tles thereafter organised, and in active
working existence, should be ex-offlcio
members of the territorial board. ,
Notable Names lm List.
The original members named In the act
were: A. D. Jones, E. Esterbrook, John M.
Thayer, Robert W. Furnas, Thomas Gib
ton, Harrison Johnson, Christian Boost,
Jesse Cole, 8. A. Chambers, Jerome Hoover,
Mills 8. Reeves. Broad Cole, J. C, Lincoln,
Harlan Baird, Joel T, Griffon and E. H.
Chaplin. A majority of these members
named in the act met at tho Hernoon
house (where are now the Union Pacific
railroad headquarters) In Omaha, October
K, 18M. A temporary organisation was had
by calling; John M. Thayer to the chair,
and A. D. Jones, the first Omaha post
master, as secretary. . The term of ervic
of members were at this meeting appor
tioned by lot
At this meeting provisions were made for
a board of fair managers consisting of five
members whose duty was to arrange for
and supervise the holding of an annual
fair. The first board of managers elected
were E. II. Chaplin of Douglas county, H.
Balrd, Dakota; M. 8. Reeves, Otoe; Broad
Cole. Cass; C. Bobst, Pawnee. The per
manent organization was: Robert W. Pur.
nas of Nemaha, president; A. D. Jones of
DoiiRlas, secretary; and John M. Thayer
of Douglas, treasurer.
Provisions were made for holding a three
days' fair, commencing on the third
Wednesday of Beptember, 1859. Proposi
tions were to be solicited for a place at
Chat with
(Copyright, 1908, by Frank G. Carpenter.)
IASH1NQTON, Aug. S0.-(Speclal
w
Correspondence of The Bee.)
It was ' a still, ' small vole
that reached my ears the other
night, when I called up Dr. Alex-
anuur Graham Bell and asked him for a
chat about some of his recent sclunllfla
experiments. The voice was that of Dr.
Bell himself. A It came over the wire
It waa not louder than a whisper, but It
every syllable was articulate and distinct
and I could hear It as plainly as though I
stood before the famous inventor face to
face. As I listened my mind went back to
the time when that same voice made It
first successful communication of this kind,
and my heart thrilled at the thought of
what its owner has given the human race.
It Is scarcely a generation since Dr. Bill
Invented the means of sending articulate
sounds over a wire, and today by that in
vention the" voices of all the world pass to
and fro without regard to distance. . Last
year on th Bell telephone llnji alone there
were more than 4,500,000,000 conversations,
or enough to give three talks to every man,
woman and child upon earth and leave
some to spare. Those conversation took
place In the United States and It Is fair
to presume that an equal number were
uttered in Europe, Asia, South America and
Australia.
. Oar Die Telephone Baslness. -
I lirvc before me the last report of the
American Telephone and Telegraph com-,
puny. . It gives no statistics outside Its
own business, and It practically Includes
only1 the progress of the Bell line In th
United State. The figures are astound
ing and they should be multiplied by two
or more to give an adequate Idea of the
telephoning of the world. The total mile
ase vf the Bell lines Is now more than
C.000,000. ' It ha in use enough wire lo
reach 24Q time around the earth; more
than enough to bind two girdles around the
sun and still leave plenty over for waist
bands for Mars and the moon. - Indeed,
If wire could be stretched through spaoe,
the Bell wires alone are enough to make
twenty private lines to the moon and leave
a million odd miles to spare. The wires
which were stretched by that company
during last year would go fifty-four time
around the earth, and they use so much
copper to make them that some of our
greatest mines are kept busy furnishing
It. It would take a big forest to supply
the 000,000 poles to which those line are
Ezra Meeker on His
Of T.niiar th tiwnA nJIFa tn.
I nounced that ' rrzra tereaer had
I Btnrf, tmm RnAftl Wash., trt
WIS??.
mark with monuments the old
"Oregon Trail."- It waa on Janu-
-j Umt Mr. Meeker left Seattle, and on
August 1$ he was at Lexington, Neb., 2,000
miles from his starting point and almost a
thousand miles from his destination. He
expect to finish his Journey at Indianapo
EZRA MEEKER AND HIS
v . .. . ;; ', -' . - 1 - -
L . r
which to hold the first fair. The awsrd
w made-to Nebraska City, where the fair
was held September 21, 22 and 22, 1X59. The
fair was hold in a shaded grove near '.Ne
braska City. No enclosing fence, no budd
ings save a lean-to shed, la which all.
except live stock, was t-xhlblted. I lor
and cattle were tied to trees. Swine were)
provided for with hastily Improvised peas.
The limited premiums awarded were paid
for from the pockets of the members of
the board. From the tall end of a wagon,
backed In the shade of an elm tree, J.
Sterling Morton delivered the first agri
cultural address ever made in Nebraska,'
This address) can be found In full In the) .
annual report of the. State Board of Agri
culture for the year 12. '
fade State Legislation.
The territorial law creating a board of '
agriculture was amended In 1367, when
Nebraska became a state, under which the
following pel sons were made a body cor
porate in the name and style of the Ne
braska Board of Agriculture, with per
petual succession, so that the term of
service of one-half of the members should
expire annually on the day of the annual
meeting: S. M. Klrkpatiick, O. P. Mason,
C. H. Walker, George Crow, J. G. Miller,
John Patrick, John Ritchie, John Cad
more, Samuel Maxwell, Elam Clark, Isaao
Albertson, Amos Gates, George A. Haft,
William Imeley, E. A. Allen, H. M. Rey
nolds, W. D. Scott. A. S. Holiday, John B.
Bennett, B. Gates, Louis A. Walker, J.
Sterling Morton, J. W. Holllngshead, O. P..
Thomas, J. B. Stout, Henry Sprick, . B. - W, '
Kennedy, A. L Chllds and Anderson Miller.
The above named persons, twenty-nine
In number, constitute the charter member
of the Nebraaka State Board of Agriculture,
being given this honored distinction by an
act of the legislature. Promment among
those having held important positions on
the State Board of Agriculture may be
named, as presidents: Robert W. Furnas,
J. Sterling. Morton, R. R. Greer, 8. M.
Barker, R. H. Henry, Ed Mclntlre, John
Jensen,' Martin Dunham, J. T. Clarkson,
Ell A. Barnes, Milton Doollttle, S. C. Bos
sett, E. L. Vance, J. B. Dlnsmore, W. R.
Mellor and the present incumbent, Peter
Younger. As secretary: A. D. Jones, C
H. Walker, J. C. McBrlde, D. H. Wheeler,
Robert W. Furnas, 8. C. Bassett, unex
pired term of Mr. Furnas and present in
cumbent, Mr. Mellor. Treasurer: John M.
Thayer, L. A. Walker, J. W. Moore, Chris
Hartman, L. A. Kent, Ed Mclntlre and
present Incumbent, E. Z. Russell. .
The same law and provisions governing"
the State Board of Agrloulture . prevail
Inventor
hung, and the underground conduit Iq
which they He are so many that If placed
end to end they would girdle the-world.-'"
As to the money Invested In the tele
phone business Its amount Is Inconceivable.
The Bell companies alone have a capital
isation of more than $300,000,000, .and' th '
capitalization of the Independent companies
here and of the other companies belonging;
to government and Individuals In Europe :
and the rest. of th world Is probably much,
greater.
These figures give some idea of what that
still, small voles meant'swhen It first sent'
articulate sounds over the wires and there--"
by began the conversations which have so
revolutionized the world of. society, business
and trade. ,
' A Mldnlht"chat. ' , v :,
It . required but a few words to arrange)'-'
the Interview. The time fixed was mld-v
night,. for .the Inventor of the , telephone 1.
a night worker. He has always done the
Kreater part of his exparlmenllng and think.
Ing after dark, finding that his. mind, works.,,
more clearly as the world grow quiet, and
that It Is at Its best between 12 and 4 In the
morning. During the summer. months he
.seldom . goes to sleep before dawn and hi
usual -hour for test are from 4 ut.ti1 11 a. m. .
Dr. Bell's afternoons are devoted to busi
ness and social engagements, and. h.a nights
to reading and scientific. rlments.
During our talk I asked Mm, wither his
arrangement of the hours was net Injurious
to health. He replied that he hf 4 not found
It so, and that be. far preferred it' to that
of other men who work by day. Indeed,
night and day are much the same to him,
and when he 1 especially Interested In somo
of his experiments goes.' many hour with
out sleep, workrng on far Into the day, and
then sleeping for hour at a stretch tor
make up. It is by this means that he
docs an enormous amount of work, carrying
on studies and experiment 'along many'
line, and. at the same time, keeping him-,
self thoroughly abreast of the scientific
world. He Is now within a year or so of
the age at which Dr. Oaler said the working
man should be chloroformed, but his eye I .
a bright, hi step a firm and his mind a
active as when he made his great discovery
aa to th telephone thirty odd year ago.
He tell m that he never felt better than
he doe now. and I doubt whether he has
ever enjoyed his life or work more.
Joseph Heary asd the Telephone.
Our conversation covered a wide range.
In response to my questions It was at time
Long Journey Overland
lis. Near Lextocton one of hi oxen died,
and he was forced to purchase a cow to
take Its place, is he could not secure an
other ox. He erected a monument on the
Platte river, about six milt south of Lex
lngton, which place Vu known a Plum
Creek In the day of "tn eall." The
photograph from whlchthe accompanying
picture la mad was talfen by the Misses
Bavin of Lexington.
OUTFIT AT XXXINOTOnI NEBL
f . ... , : : : : . . :
j- - . . , . - . . ' . -
r vs I it 1 " ttt" - . sUJy- , ... t - v.i-J-L i w J 1
- i- " t--
today that did at the beginning, thirty
nine yeare ago, when this organization
waa created. , The representation for tha
late, of twenty-nine-' membera on the
State Board of Agriculture remains the
same, the same system of electing the
board, the same delegate representation
from the county agricultural societies, the
same form of county reports, the same
ystem of publloatlon.
Growth of the Fair.'
The Nebraska state fair, from Its little
beginning In 1859, has steadily grown
Into one of the most prominent and In
fluential, agricultural exhibition associa
tions In the United States. Each decade
has shown great progress In the exhibition
Interests at the state fair. In all lines of
agricultural Industry the disposition has
been to Improvement and a higher stand
ard of perfection In the exhibition art.
In addition to the great natural resources
of a state rich in the inexhaustible fer
tility of Its soil, there has been a sys
tematic training of exhibition skill In
the, various counties, prompted by the In
centive of. contest which the. county col
lective exhibition .of farm products, at.
the-state fft'r has created.
Alexander Graham
! i! 6 . ,
'f" i ;.-f.J.
.in. i'l mnniit w - -" -'- -':-tKiiTftiiMiii I
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL IN GOWN TAKEN AT EDINBURGH WHEN THB
UNIVERSITY GAVE HIM THE DEGREE OF LL.D.
personal, now drifting Into reminiscence
connected with his many Inventions, and
now scientific, a I asked him as to the
possibilities of -new discoveries along cer
tain lines in the future. A part of the talk
I have already published In an article about
Dr. Bell's recent experiment in the evolu
tion of aheep. and as to his present work
en his flying machine. Another part I give
you today .In the conversation which fol
lows. ' We had been talking about the Smith
sonian Institute, of which Dr. Bell is one
Of the regents, and of the late secretary.
Dr. B, -P. Langley, -who wo one of Dr.
Bell's Intimate friends, when I asked him
whether he had known Joseph Henry, the
' first secretary and director of that institu
tion. Dr. Bell replied:
'"I became acquainted with Prof. Henry
when I wa still working on the telephuno
and he wa kind to me. It, was a year or
so before my patent. was granted, when I
' called upon him at the Smithsonian Instltu
' tlon. and explained my ideas as to the con
struction of an instrument which would
carry vocal sounds. I was then interested
, also in multiplex telegraphy, and we talked
about that. Prof. Henry was a man of re
' markable .ability along the llnea upon
j which I waa working. He had mads many
; discoveries In electricity and In electro-dy-1
namics, haying constructed an electro-mag-
netlo telegraph long before the invention
; of Prof." Morse. . He appeared much Inter
ested In my experiments and I determined
to ask his advice about the apparatus
which I had designed for the transmission
of the human voice by means of an electric
. wire. After I had explained . the ldoa I
liked him to advise mo whether I had bet
' ter publish my discoveries and let others go
to work Hong the same Hoes or whether I
ahoulu Ueep at it and attempt to solve the
problem myself. . '
"He - replied that he thought I had the
germ of a great invention and that I would
do much better to keep th matter aecret
and work along by myself.?
State Fair
- f- a-m-"
A VIEW OF TUB NEBRASKA STATE
This system of exhibition was first In
troduced by Nebraska as a feature of
fair attraction, and was at once placed
upon a basis of success by the large
premiums offered. Today, and for years
past, no other state In the union nas been
able to compare In extent and grandeur
of display with that made by the Nebraska
state fair, In Its department of farm
products. As high as thirty counties
have entered the contest for the largest
and best collective exhibition of farm
products, and so large a scope. In general
exhibition, has been covered by these com
petitive displays, that vlsitora to the No
braska state fair were-slow to conceive
of their being other than competing states,
so exposition like, extensive and modern
have they been built to attract and please
the eye.
Liberality in Premiums.
It may be well to mention In this con
nection that no other state has ventured
upon so broad a baBls of premium at
traction for Its agricultural products dis
play. In this one feature of county
collection exhibit Nebraska has for the
past ' dozen years offered $2,000 In cash
" 'But,' said I, 1 feel that my mechanical
knowledge la weak. There are many diffi
culties to be overcome and I fear I have
not the knowledge of electricity required.'
" 'Well, then, you better get it,' aald
Prof. Henry.
"Those words spurred mo to action. I
cannot tell you how much they encouraged
me. I did go to work again and It was
the result of that work which enabled me
to bring about my final success. My pat
ent for the' telephone was granted Just
about two year before Prof. Henry died."
Dangers of Publicity.
"Suppose Prof. Henry had advised you to
publish your discoveries and you had done
so. Dr. Bell," said I. "What would have
been the result V
"I might have lost my Invention nnd my
work would have been claimed and stolen
by others. As it was, as soon as the prac
tical advantages pf the ttleplmtie became
known there sprang up claims of prior in
vention on all sides, A number of well
known electricians appeared, each an
nouncing himself the original inventor, and
numerous claims and interferences were
filed against my patent. This is the case
with nearly every successful patent that
la Issued, and claims have been filed for
such Infringements by men bearing fairly
good reputations. , . , . .
"Some of the most remarkable Instances
of this kind," continued Dr. Bell, "were in
reference to a newspaper hoax which was
perpetrated by some wag a few years after
the telephone had become, a success. If I
remember .correctly it was along about
1380, when many new "things were being
discovered In electricity, when the electrls
light was superseding gas and the electrlo
nrtot beginning to run the street cars. At
this time an Item wa published to the
effect that . Dr. H. E. Llx of . Mauncb.
Chunk, Pa., or some other town of that
kind, had discovered a way to 'sea through
a wire,' and had been able by this mean
to convey th tmog of a ouaojr cat kept
Since Us Territorial Origin
- ...
FAIR GROUNDSJTioto by Staff Artist.
prize to the counties contributing In this
display, guaranteeing' each county a cash
premium equal to the - expense ' of 'making
Its exhibit. This guarantee has In some
Instances raised the aggregate amount to
be paid for county collective display tuOO
above the regular premium offer of $2,000.
Thjs It will be observed that the grain
farmer and vegetable farmer Is measured
by the same premium Incentive, In order
to attract his attention to the fair, that Is
used by all fairs to Interest the live stock
breeder Jn the show ring.
Until the present year Nebraska' first
prize for county collective display was COO,
the balance of the $2,000 to be prorated
among the other counties exhibiting. In
proportion to the score of their exhibit.
This year a change was made, whereby all
counties are paid from the $2,000 purse,
according to the score each receives. It
may be Interesting to know that Nebraska
exceeds any state In the United States by
$r00 In the amount of money offered In the
one feature of county collective exhibit or
collective display by counties of farm
products, and that not to exceed three
states offer one-half the money In this
classification that Is offered by Nebraska.
Bell a! His
In an adjoining room through the wall Into
a hall and to throw It on a screen before
a delighted audience. - The dispatch chron
icling the discovery was full of technical
electrlo terms and It alro contained several
proper names, founded like that of the al
leged Inventor, Dr. H. E. Llx (helix), or
some such scientific word.
Contents oi m. Package. '
"Well, that dispatch went the rpund of
the press and coupled with It came the
statement that Prof. Bell, the Inventor of
the telephone, was Interested in It and
that he had filed in tho Smithsonian In
stitution a sealed package containing a full
description with illustrations Of bis ..In
vestigations. Now, the fact was that I
had filed a package, but It related to my
Investigations as to the .photophone or the
conveyance of sound by means of ray
of light. How It became associated with
the helix matter 1 do not know. At any rate
the moment my name was published in
connection with It an Indignant letter was
printed In a reputable English scientific
journal, signed by two well known profes- .
aors, Ayrton and Perry, stating that neither
I nor tho mythical Dr. H.'E. Llx had
any right to claim the .lrst discovery of
transmitting image by wire and that they
were the real discoverers of the process.
A week or two later other claimants ap
peared. They came forth from different
parts of the United States and from Eng
land. "One of the claimants was a well known
New York electrician, Mr. Sawyer, who,
like the rest, abserted that he could see
through a telegraph wire and could lend
any kind of an image he wished In that
way from one place to another. Another
published an article in the Scientific Amer
ican with illustrations of his Invention. I
Answered nothing In reply to such state
ments. I had never made any experiment
of tho kind, and .had . no Inventions to
claim. After a short time It appeared that
the claimants themnelves were in tha aaine
situation. They were frauds,' pure and sim
ple, and some of them undoubtedly had put
forth their statements with the Idea of
Ming Interferences If the Invention as al
leged should prove to be a practical suc
cess." "How about Elisha Gray?" ,
"Prof. Gray made his claims, I oelleve,
at the Instance of his lawyers, and largely
through the Influence of the, directors of
a great telegraph company, who then
feared that the telephone might Injure the
telegraph. He, had, however, fortunately
for r.:e written me a letter of congratula
tion upon learning that I had made my dls.
covery and disclaiming It for himself; and
this letter was brought forth aa evidence
with the other testimony before the courts.
Prof. Gray and myself were working at
multiplex telegraphy at about the same
time; and his discoveries were so much lika
mine that I was for a time afraid of hlra
and thought he had some way of getting at
the secrets of my laboratory work. It
was for that reason that I changed my
laboratory.' When I afterwards met Prof.
Gray I realized that his character wa such
that he could not have done anything of
the kind I had imagined and I regretted
my unjust suspicions."
Telephoning Without Wires.
"Will w ever have a wireless telephone,
Dr. Bell?" I asked.
"I think It Is possible, though the, dis
tance of its use may be limited. I remem
ber some experiment I once made not far
from the Cambridge observatory near Bos
ton. We had driven two pokers Into the
ground a few hundred, feet apar and bad
connected them by- wire. As soon as the
counectlon was made I put the receiver to
my ear and heard a clock distinctly tick-'
Ing. The tick wo a peculiar one, and I
recognised it as that of the clock on the
Cambridge observatory, wh'ch set the time
tor the greater part of Boston. Upon
Studying the matter I concluded, that the
sound wa conducted by tha ground to my
receiver, A abort time later I tried some
experiments a to wireless trlephony on the
Potomac here at Washington, and I wa
able to hear signals made on a boat at the
Acqueduct bridge while In. another boat
stationed a far down th river as .the
Washington monument. In this case the
water acted a th conductor. Indeed It 1
a question whether what w now know aa
wireless telegraphy is brought about- by
the signal being carried by the medium
The Importance of a permanent location
for a state fair did not come to the people
of Nebraska until six years ago, when,
after failures, disappointments and great
sacrifices of money had been made In tem
porary locations, without getting satisfac
tory results, there was an effort put forth
which resulted In harmonizing the agricul
tural sentiment of the state for a perma
nent location where a fixed system of ex
hibition Improvements could be con
structed. The present state fair grounds since be
coming the property of the state has had
centralized around It a strong feeling of
Interest and endorsement In making this
the exhibition home of the agricultural and
live stock Industries of the state.
Permanener I" Deslrefi.
The prevailing sentiment throughout the
state is towards state fnlr Improvement,
the building of a practical exposition en
terprise that will belong to tho people and
that will be operated and conducted In the
Interests of the people whose Industries
a state fair Is designed to encourage, foster
and give the widest possible recognition
Washington Home
of the air or by means of the ground and
water. It may be found that in all cases
the real conductor Is the latter.
"Do you look for many changes In the
telephone In the near future, Dr. Bell?"
asked I.
"Not In the Improvement of the trans-,
mission of sound," said Dr. Bell. "That
will remain practically a It Is, but I do
expect changes In the machinery to facili
tate the uses of such transmission. I be
lieve that we shall soon have an automatlo
telephone service In whWh every sub
scriber, by means of certain buttons and
a combination .of wires, will be able to call
up whomsoever he pleases without the an
noyance of the central station. When this
Is accomplished the cost of telephoning
will be much reduced, for the greater
part of the vast army of telephone opera
tors will be done away with and the ex
penses of operation can be made less."
"How about having newspapers by tele
plionfi with readers at a central station and
buttons by which the news can be turned
off and on?"
"I don't know about that," said Dr. Bell.
"Such an attempt. was made not long ago
in Vienna or Budapest. I think, but whether
It was a success or not I am unable to say.
Inventions have boon recently made by
which music can be carried long distances
by telephone, and they are now planning to
have concerts so. furnished all gver New
York, giving the best of classlo and other
music to thousands of subscribers at once.
As to the practicability of that Invention I
do not know, but many men believe that it
Is of value and that It will be a success.
I have not seen the machinery nor heard It
In operation."
During my talk with Dr. Bell I asked him
to tell me something about his attempt to
New Head of Iowa
I elected without opposition to th
Knights of Pythias, Domain Of
Iowa, at the Grand Lodge ses
sion. The new chancellor haa been promi
nent In Pythian circle for twelve years.
He was a member of the judiciary com-
V, U FERRTS OF SIOUX CITT, NEW
VV PkTHlAS.
;v,
that merit entitles them to. The siMe fnlr
la becoming more and more an Institution
of learning. The cducstlonnl features of
the fair are developing on every hard. Tha
fair visitor in this ago goes to the tlr
to see, study and become Informed on sub
ject of Interest to the t.trmer and the
conduct and well being of the farm. In soils
and crops. In this relation bie Nebranka
State fair ha been giving great attention
to the convenience and accommodation
of the machinery department of Its exhibi
tion, especially ihe farm machinery which,
so ' many thousands of farmers visit the
fair to examine and compare by the ad
vantage thus afforded.
The amusement features of the old time
state fair are rapidly being trimmed down
to Include nothing but the most chaste and
Inoffensive In character. That the higher
order of entertainments are soon to find
a place on tho Nebraska fair grounds only
awaits the acquiring of means to put up
suitable buildings to accommodate them.
Clean, respectablo' and highly entertaining;
features are the ambition of the manage
ment and the State Board of Agrloulture
can be depended upon to urge the enforce"
mcnt of this ambition.
On a Bnalnraa finals.
The Nebraska state fair management
started In a few years ago upon a reform
basis. Its new managers believed that a
state fair should be run upon a strictly
business basis; that In the conduct of a fair
obligations were entered Into with It pa.
trons for the payment of large sum of
money. In premiums. The operating ex
penses: also were a moral obligation upon
the association and those who represent It
and these expenses could not be met under
the free pass system that had so gener
ously prevailed for many years. The trim
ming down of free admissions was Intro
duced and has been steadily enforced until
the free pass applies only to those who .
business Interests contribute to the ad
vantage and upbuilding of the fair.
The fair of 1&08, which Is to commence
September I and continue to the 7th, has.
In advance, given evidence of exceeding
In extent and quality of display. In all de
partments, any former exhibition ever
given by the state. The live stock feature
Is far in excess of the housing capacity of
barns and pens. The agricultural ahow I
much greater than has been made for many
years, Judging from entries of counties al
ready made. The same sweeping declara
tion of great Interest and full departments
are represented by all superintendent.
The one Important factor, good weather.
Is the only source from which there haa
not been great promise of abundance and)
to spare.
locate the bullet In President Garfield'
body. It will be remembered that when
Guiteau shot the president the X-ray had
not been discovered. The surgeons probed
again and again. Other experiment wera
made to find where the bullet lay, and
among them some by means of Dr. Bell's
Inductive , balance, which bad then Just
been Invented. Bold Dr. Bell:
"My instrument consisted of a piece of
mahogany board of about the size and
shape of a flatlron. It had a handle upon
the top, and it bottom waa covered with a
green cloth. - Inside the board wa an eleo- .
trio coll, ao made that .when it wa moved
over anything of a metallio substance It
would buzz. I could take a bullet In my
hand, and having made the proper elec
trical conneotlons, could rub the board
over , the back of my hand and the result
would be a loud buzzing noise, the sound
being loudest when the coll was over th
bullet. The Instrument afterward proved
to be of great value for this purpose In
hospital, although it failed In connection
with President Garfield. It was on ac
count of that Invention that the Univer
sity of Heidelberg gave me the degree of
honorary M. D."
"What was the cause . of the failure,
doctor?".
"It Is easy to see now," wa the reply,
"although we did not realize It at the time.
We took the machine to the White House
and tried It upon the president with th
assistance of Surgeon General Hamilton.
We moved. It all over the person of the
president, and to our surprise the machine
began to buss whenever It came near him.
According to It, he was full of lead, and
the result was that we left the White
(Continued on Page Seven.)
Knights of Pythias
mlttee during the revision of the laws of
the order and has been a member of th
Grand Tribunal for three years. Mr. Ferris
I a prominent attorney of Sioux City and
has been a praotlclng lawyer there for
eighteen year. For eight year he haa
been Justice of the peace. -
GRAND CHANCELLOR IOWA rdTOT