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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 25, 1906)
m r. I KAWASAKI ; Tester of fencing in. Tokio College, on a tour of the UJorld to intro -duce the Japa nese method of Sword Combat . A NUT Kit new fad has com to New York Japanese fencing. If you hear a claih of armor and ' cling of steel aa you saunter tnrough the brown atone districts uptown It a wealthy young men ' taking lesson. In palace taoles ami studio whera the famous twu! handed awords to the aamurtl are at work. The weapon always has been de- scribe! us formidable In the hand-s of an expert. Tha word "samurai ' meirs knlht, and for three thousand years he has beenj the idal swordsman of Japan always I using the terrible two handed blade of his, fa tiiers. i A descendant of the Illustrious band of home defenJers Is now In this country, teach. ng fencing. Taiewakl Kawaaul Is his name, and he was Instructor of fencing In Tokio College, Japan. Among his various weapons are thirty or foriy bl awords now used by proficient pup! a, young Edward H. Harrlman anung them. Accompanying photographs show the ponderous character of the double handed Japanese sword, und the serious buslnef of handling It contrasts vividly with the I ght and airy piay of rapiers In the bunds of European experts. Here Is what Kanaskl has to aay of the Japanese an "ken j:isu." It Is called: "Fencing Is the outward and spiritual sign of our national spirit. The ordinary word Is about two feet fle Inch's long, b-it all lengths are used The (Id time warrior handled a weapon as long as six feet. Tiie blade Is about an Inch wide with an Iruti backing on which a face of steel Is forged. "The entire life of professional swords men was f ur:ni ny devoted to warlike ex erciser. Thtse men no. un;y formed a c'.ass, of themselves, but had many rights and privileges, which were maintained at the point uf the sword. "Every samurai hud 10 undergo a thor ough nnd rigorous course In fencing. It! was Ida sole education. And ao, from Kin-' eratln to generation, the science devel-' oped until It became marvellous as an ex-1 hlb.tton of dexterity und science. I "Here ia the du'ieictu e Iritween Japanese! ami European ,iencing. i i.e. Japanese sword Is grasped with two haAda. While fencing It may be transferred from one .'.and 10 the other. From time to time the fencer makes a sort of Jump, to change his position the position of his fen, the left fojl tailing back, the right foot advancing or vice versa. "Tin rapid change Is a marked feature! of our fencing. As in the American sys tem of boxing, the Japanese fencer is in a c intlnuiu ttate of motion. CJre.t agiihy and Ireairth are demanued. The Japanese :.avo not only great muscle power In their legs, but they can use it In a Way prubibly .11. known In other lands." .Mr. Kawaskl said a vital feature in Japa nese !e. icing Is to develop bravery Intlml o.Uin,; ;.ie opponent. Sometimes It in nos. .rignten nun at the outset and i josU,' t X'- m ' V i many other things, often accomplishing ! manshlp which still remains was of great wonders In the way of Intimidating thelservloe to u. in the recent war with Iiu adversary. If he shows no fear, then the'ala. The use of the two-handed sword, fencer should assume an attitude of of-(proved a decided advantage over one fence. Ti-e s-.vord mut be held with thi i handei swordsmanship. It was found to be1 right hand cloce to the guard, the left j far better In attack and defence, especially hand lightly urasplng the end of the against cavalry, pears an! bayonets. In 'grip.' The third and fourth fingers of Japanese naval and military schools ottl-i both hands are used fT holding the sword, icers are thoroughly trained in two-h.inJed the first and second fingers being useJ to fencing. The length of the sword handle control or direct the blow. ! has been changed to eight Inches, so that, "Thla Is quite different from the Euro-'the sword may be wielded with one or two pean style, where the thumb Is used to hands. !- .U.tf ;:ius Injure defeat bufors the contis: has really btuii. Confide ct Nectsstry.. "CunllJence la of first Importance In fenc ing. Even in a European bout a clever man tekks first to discover the slate of his sei-VWs''' . .' i - mm,, : wH 3CSk K V -WXvS SWT. I I U v.. J ' , ' ' I jrg''it'n'ir""" l'""MI'''M"iit''''"l"r","IM i III lsE33v : . f &7 tm . ! ? 1 1 aMjBHaXMSBBsjBBBBjSaBBnsBBaBBBaaaBBaaKSBBaaa ill' ,v?sl sword the movement Is much shorter than! lean lde:is that prevail, pomethir.B of the for the one-handed stroke, and consequent-: rjcoule nnl thnir ni. iit ,i , i i, , k V... 1.1..... 1.. ....(..!.. ....1 t- nir ui j in iiiii.ii i.iiL ivi i mm miu i - liere nu points are Important ln!jna irjJMIfflsisieTJ'mgl froiti a standpoint of ef student, tio! a classical course: school near KoclicstT and am f:imll- effectlve. These viewing the art fectlveness and sure result. "The European style of feteins; as prae tlse.l In New York Is. if rr.urso vn.irt enonirh In Ittt wv. hn! one .TMtinn-A vm. apfrat FU.'CCSJ. tern Is entirely dlT.-rent and we claim far v 1 ",iKnl !,,lso "ay a! 1 am f7!ar ' uuivitbii iriRHIK, ll.lVlllf; LIUU1PU 1111. "ar with American characteristics and thei capacity of young men for knowledge undj i ney iaae 10 Japanese fencing with . Ideas. more effective. It has been brought to a high state of perfection among us, for we ire an old eople and have loved sword I' ay for more than three thousand years, I "I would ask European fencers why. I iwo hands, they u.-e uie sword ha v with 1'lghist art In fendtiK Is mental hs well us u would be a good thing If Japanese f. nc oppo..ent s.mlnd and then to work upon ,T .' " ,."'" '"e m"riU "er hi. t..r ii.. .1.. a ....... . trained military men of old Japan Whl.u;e a gy tune In tiine on the Vld of L t:,, l,ole vocation of the I only one hand. They may answer that i l'"Vlcal culture. In Ji. ,,,n out long years battVe 1 make a HLfoui UUuitm kI'i;f',1S' 1,111 llhln ,,w lh( llle ''nl,bll', ,hera " h-Ji"-:'"!.!' "I .ly "I ,tralnlng are not devoted to phy- in fenciw dangerous opponent of Western civlllialion have prevailed, and from the adversary, le.ivln,; onlv the other loil developi, . tit alon-, but to iducating "In f..;n.,to,i m.,nn ,kn . ''t',,ntl' Juuu abol shed the feudal sys-(si J to be defended. I thinl' this Is easl y the mind, for It Is a mini's ab'l.ty-a ui.es- ttTt.ilu T.i.i .V- . , 7i .1 1,1,1 ?u piuniutlej the carrying ,of Jhe answered by our success with our system tl.m of having mental control of himself- - ...... ..,.., c luu u t!le ,lse ,lf ,hi. , .v. ,.,r j.iinm.,0 knnwieige of swcrls- s.vlnsl'iS for h strok amero Negroni, and thorlty on the subject. I know that In Ht Lrfiula I taught durhig the whole Exposi tion an.l A.. I.... ... 1 so we might to nave develop something our art of t.ucing. They master new worth talking about in all these centuries. , ldeas wlth eaae , ,aun, E ivivy N. el. "What is most needed In America tj ,on of a banker. In three months so th.t mhle an ordinary man to nasler the he could .lefeur rhe Kunmean r.no... th erclsed, both arms, both sides of the chest, e;' every muscle of the chest, hlus. legs and i can speak with au- fe, ln a worJ. jauanese fencing calls Into play the entire body and system of muscles calling upon a man to exercise his bodily strength besides keeping his mental faculties alert. "There is no reason why any one, man or woman, boy or girl, shoulu not be able to defend himself and punish the ) d sword. In thU makes h'm supreme In fencing. wit'i the t .vo-h i:?d d "I think 1 know mum thing of the Ainer- i .'tick or cine to school or iiis;rii:-iion witn ine suppui i ui matter of fact the! men of wealth und eminence." T ' ... I n.Nhl or ine great expenses wntcn our ijvernm.nl hu. tu meet Is the sum Viilcn is expended annually for the maintenance of the lighthouses along Sime five thousand miles of coast line, of this amount nearly half a million Is re quired to purchase the supplies for light houses, luAl.ouu for repairs and t-kri.Uuu for the maintenance of lighthouse vessels. The, United Slates has now about fourteen liun-, drej liglitiiou&es and fog signal keepers, and as each man's pay is fixed by law ut not less than fuu per year a little multi plication will show us that a sum of about ! &2&.(KX) Is required yearly for thU service alone. Congress has been fairly liberal in the matter of appropriations. Another heavy expense has been th Installation ' of modem llgnts to take the p'.acn of the. antiquated illuminating apparatus. The Ughthouse Board has under Its ca'e more than nine thousand "aids to navlj - tlon" of one kind or another, Including lights, beacons or signals, which are opi -rated by steam or hot air. More than a third of the number are designed to give warning at night, it requires an army of four thousand men and a fleet of fifty ves sels to niilntain thU giant Illuminating system, but the lights Hash out along thu sltores in the dusk of evening with as mj-h regularity as though they war op.-ra-d by clockwork. i'ae old fasnioneJ towers of brick ar.d it i.le are being changed to th rteel tub i ir -ti u. tures of great strength se ure y bolted to the ro-jlts. Many of th 11-h -Ii . situated in damce ous ocatiuiia h? finally be-n r- ared n their hasar J i is i i afier years of dogged r,htlng on the r - cf the sea bu IJrs with wind and w:vs an I ltd and l.-e t a.-k. Th reports n 'aa workmen who ha.e rear'd thes 'I at t .'Win upon s.ibme-ged found itlons h -i t!e waves swept them at Interva a o - ii s ih-nerk'e I rooks In mldocn read lllt romance-. Hundreds of mn lose thir Uvis 'ii this most haiardous un!rtaklng; a- ti nes they hav seen th work of years awept away In a single night or have bee l couponed to llv on om bleak rock, cat off from all communication wl to ti. or.d. it. tn-h st a lime. it is to no means excepuoan ior u goveruniettt to pay mo. t.iati IIS.iku tor l'.ghth.ius -s, i ni some of th triumphs of eim'nVer n r s il have cot n t les taan 4ii.i 0. 'the elactrtcal apparatus of en e sts a nftn of the lira, tile by sad with tne vndetvor to b.lld beacons where It ttas been sappoked Impo utile lo Hud rtsdng place t r ihem 1- 'he ambaion to fum.sa :b.-M towrS' with I ghls uf jtUclsut v" lt4" uvr Cost of Our Lighthouses. Picturesque Llama Trains of Bolivia. Kite Flying as a Science. greater wastes of water than ever be. loie. i liere are now In exlsiinoe on ih; e-jjat of the I'nitcd Sti.es a nu i.b r if Ig.ittKiuses of more f.iaii in.- lunJ..U thuand candle power. The Imrudtic llon of a greatly improved lens which concentrates the rays has been Impor tant in bringing the lighthouses to liieir present ataie of perfection. AnotJir liinovsllon is tlte revj.v nj of the lighting apiMraiUM. Hy this pi in the mariner, wherever ha may be, will see Mashis of light separated by Intervals of daiknesa, but by this means a more i-oAcrful lig.tl Is secured than would otherwls be the cose, and there is none of tli objection raised ag nst giving d.ffernt colon to different lights by reason of tu gr.at loss o light entailed when 'a;. ass acaaeas are interposed ln front, of the light. Th Important work of Indicating his whereabouts to the mariner bus been undertaken by th lighthouse otllclali. Hundreds of bearons whlcu Hash white, then red. Indicate to the perplexed mar ner by meatis of ttie older of succession or th r duration his exact whereabouts. With glasses of only two hues au endltss number of combinations may be devUed. Uut I'ncle Sam's ottlcials liave a better scheme than this, and It Is nothing less than a plan to have each sign of flame dot out Its message to the mariners by moans uf beam uf light, Just as a tele graph instrument clicks out 'the words, ilvery senKUi, even though he be color band, is able to count up to ten.'and Willi our great seaboard lumps opeiaied on I'd new system all that he wall have to d is to count the number of flashes lyC-owm toward him, note the duration of fae total e.-lipse which follows and con sult the key or code which he carries., and he may be as sure of his position as though the ta.'t wer chalked on a signboard b -fore his eyes. T1IH UK most picturesque mode of trans- a foothold. Hut If he Is overloaded he Is! twenty-five to thirty llamas Is well-to-do, mi la.iou in llio world Is doubtless that quick to resent 11, and no amount of beat-1 and Is an imlepen .eat transportation com f : lie llama trains which one can inir or nn;m.!,,n a. Ill male I. ho rUo to his nine I i h n If. II s rates are hxod Ly I "in rrom the car windows ln a Journey feet and continue his Journey except the custom as old as lh tra-ie Itself aud never across the Andes. Though t iie railway has I removal of t he excess. change. 0-en completed for several years the pack I v. , . .. . trains of burros still cm........ s-im it r,.rl No othr animal can endure th rare- tho transportation of the muural producU!'led 'T-u-iPhore of the he:ght of xn , HYGIENE AT HIGH ALTITUDE, j of air. and a strong breeze is made up of from the Interior and the carrvimr back iA"dc"- ven the burros hav .Uta In their little breezes, niovlag at dirt'ei enK speeds of merchandise of all sorts from England. or have ou'" 5,ul,c"eJ tniougn . -r ia an t.rrur t th.i.k that the chemical u.iiue aitu liermany The burro trail ujujiuoihuu u. ...c a., u.i.e.a shorten the distance nearly a hundred ' u,'tal"0- When a horse Is first brought j I wherever tho simple may be taken. The for tne sure-tooted little aii nuls lm aiiuudd blood unps irom , reiallon or oxy gc 11,40 niirogen anu otuei HEN a kite was down without tails a new era was openeu ior 11 unu me kite ceased to be a mere toy. 1 he beuavior of a kite ln the air proves tor oi.u Hung that many of our precon ceived Ideas of wind are wrong. There are verticil aa well as horizontal strata 1 llllies. and In different directions, 'i'liese facts, wliioli a kite's movements in the uir dis close, account largely for the soaring und flylnii tKiwers of birds, who make 111- r able to climb mountains that are iiii-i''1 ear" a,ul 1,04"rli"- ulul lt l1' h';" ; constituents is t.'to same whether it be oiijtincClve use of every wind, soaring im passable for railway trains. ..lahi wrimi .r T 7h ,.' lr.g he lets the pack linger, someumesj fori 1 micruoes are aounuanu in me air or nanJ or gtt.am wlndlass or r)(rUK a(1. little mreania btaidn them '"" the animal ih of Ui gia.iei iiu- h.,. long time to become accllmaled. Mulesiliie heights of the Alps or at the surface warj on Ui)Ward ulr currents and Hying Th irrinr.,. 1,. ... .. ..are more enduring and the burros better 01 the sea. ine favorable errects, mere- atainst the main currents of the wind on burro trains are usuailv L- J.m.'J. 1 II uul ""-tua is native there and fore, of a change of air are not to be ex-U breeze flowing against the general drift, their tiitlre famll es -r.feJr i'vi , . . . ' thrive accordingly. The keep of the llama. I1 lined by any difference In the propor- Jt ha Deen founi, ltla, k, contaln- ln coming and going ac oss the J kstm VCv"u tno T!eros nothing, and he obtains "ons of Its gaseous Constituents. The lm-, ,eventy .quare f t of supportlag aur- 11 nlters nol to ll.iin how 1. . ? 1 nls fd alo" over the por,au J'7ercnfe ''acterioloulca! , faoe w, extrt a yu,, of f,.lm Blxty t uML. "p. .H oa th" journey 1 e anima i .r! ltrU' Uk lb ca''- h n llv ,ur ,Th" a l" "1Ut,Udr" " nu hundred pounds. A big kite of Ihis kind the cap, a of ,1 Lrr'tero mJ T n. f time without food or water. When microbes and Is In fact, sterile while nearcannot be niail!lBed by h.ulJ, but the wire . vttllttl 01 lnu urncro .uul Ine desert,.. . ........ thw vraiiiiil and some hundred feet ahover . t. ,. .. ...... .1.1 :s his home. Ills wif h.a.. v,i.r. ... ,iiuu in arrieros comes 10 a kooo. 011 01 ij-;,. : : , .1. T..::.j. .v . . musi ue oarneu up noi a muuudi them, and at i l.l, oi : i Ti,;. Ii. ! tht puck llne.r. ium.mi Ior! "r.l. : . " T." lanj or steam windlass or reeling a,, i.,n,.ru,s ,i, 11. .1 v... ... ... an hour or two. or ii rauy be for several I ;1 . . . . 7. .T....: . ... . - - "Iparatus. The steel wire einployed 111 the beasts, ihough the ice forms In the little mreania beside them Viiey are often overtaken by snowstorms 'orl,"c. in the rno.iiitiilns. but thiy do not s.cm to The ajinual circus parade has made ui L, hydr0gen ad certain hydnx-arboiis In r ,'t "he k its is made u(Ter from ithe cold and are rarely known faiu.llar with lh llama, but few huvtne cUliy , p;ne ., ,j , fl n, ,h rl it It tl 10 pensn from it. 1 lie Isoutb American ' noticed how ryallv stalely and aigninea w.-.h ,,,. Ir Is to ti.o i,.iis i ,,.,..i,..a bundles all his blankets about his head and iey re. They hold their small "" doubtless consltln of traces of essential anJ' 1IU)th'r k,e is fastened to the ring keeps his feet cool. The North Amei h un ' proudly and their necks are most graceful, 0,u that th(j Mllv, effects of ''''i-- ,,v a' shorter cord As the kite rise the ke-pa his foot warm aud exposes his head;Oul their hif charm l.e In their eye. taln heal;h resorts are traced. Thus the . unwound from the reel, and when und arms. The children who ure too sn:..ll ; wlUoh ale large and lustrous, though ir.el- ioa!lty of m Hr for.,t u sa d to give relief ., ..' . .., horlzjn becomes small In walk, soinetln.es little o.iei Iwo or,"'ftioly aid questloiiliig. I nelr ea.s are ,n dlsea 0f the resplrat ry traits. 1'ut an,(,nJ kit u attauhe 1 to iflve gr.-iter three day of age, rid." on th donkey s s.nti ely and are set to catch t.ie siignLsi tneae tra,.ea of esantial .41s and aromatic trtlnK power and o oii nnt 1 th reoul ed wnen their parents are driving the traJn. . sound. Wiien fri,;lu ned in. scatter in ail ,,r ,Jaet mlut ,. .und. M: l. i'y sj.enk- tievst.on Is reached. A pause Is made at the Ihey ar bom by the wayside, like the directions, and lieu cornered th.y cluster . ,ml,lir:i;r 9,m.e they ar Hppal- ai,,tude lo allow Ine recording in- ninb. of the Hock, and there 1. little .nor. u Kroup, wnh t.i.ir tu Is to-t,.er and Mtly . ,e.MJry con.tlIUlt , f the r. 1?. to acquire tT. ounda lun of" the fuss made with the one than the other. T ie '"cr heads oat to mel t. inea.y. riulr ,,,rIll analysis has shown that these aurrouIl,lln alr ,hB htie ht of the uieleoro- hrst y.srs of their lives are spent In the weapon of dcieu.e is a siran.e one. aud it Uudiea tend to dlsap;x-ar in the air as a grh Is oalcuLiled and then the steam ...... -" me uurro, wnere ' ru .jiuj. wii.... !... i hiKiier altitude Is reaenej, until my dia- ..mi i 1,1 u.irk t.i wind in tiie kite. busilon or coal, accrue also. , . .,,...., , th.. .M.,. breuklne: of several investigators nave round traces 4,..i,a .hr-. hundred isaunds. In this ex fast witn 01111 wire lo me ring at tne euu 01 m j No one who has nor" seen an African ! "kopje" can easily realize It. It is not a .h'.ll so much as the stump of a hill what 'is left of It after ages of denudation -tout the special feature of 11 la that it is al most Invariably covered with a breastwork of bowlders. Tropical torrents hav ashtd awzy th earih and all the solu.de cambiums of the rock, and whit is left consists of heap and line of detached masses of t JiiJ'.on, Ironstone or granite. Thss "kopjts" ar the Boeis' foruficattoin. and they hav any uutnb. of luuu. tn-y roll among the cooking uienell and Uud- with coiisid. r.iole foice. lf a drop a,,,jear altoitether. lt would seem, there- ln tilia way several hundred records have blanket and surplus clothing. Sometime '-ll on tliu ear or ihe eye or a.iy pan uf fore ,nit m,,.robt.Si hydrocarbons, and en-;,, taken. The kites have frequently as-j ...ejr - in a nonciio on ine "- """i " -" - - tliies other than oxygen and n.trogen. and cended to' a helgut of more than twelve; --er. back Jproduc a painful IrrilaUoii and dai.g. rous rua, Wl, smlllJ a:, add argon, ar. only tilou,alld ft and at one time they. The pack trains mak the l,iur,..v tr sores. The drivers have a curious way of i.ii,i ... 1 1, i,.. i,i,,,rhii.ui nt human .u.. i....... n. . ...1 iiiiiiii.iui - I f-ttt I ilo W4 V iiuii wa aa ivvu l iiuuduiim the eeiport on the west coast of South keeping them together by throwing vol. llduatI-y animal life and damp vegeta- tKel or mur, than three miles above ihel America to the basin lying between in.-!0' f"P over their head, ao thai tne book , , . j The amateur does not need such expeus-i leached In kite photography so that it II I possible to send up a ca i.cra mid take a 'jili'ture of any particular building or ub-J-vt with but a small chance of failure, tine enthusiast has arranged a contrivance for taking complete views of the Horizon. Eight or more -cameras are arranged back to back on a circular platform, sent huh Into the air with kites, and alt llic shutt. r'a mapped simultaneously by pulling a str.ug below. Many successful panoramic view of large cities have be. n taken with kite llnv.11 from tne I iu .if high buildings, ln photographs taken ill inulair buildings and scenes upbear lu'LM nearer than they r.-al.y are, .11, 1 il.eie is often a curious inlr-.ige effect wl.ic.i is Invis.hle from the ground which makeo the landscape look a though rising up Into the sky. 1. 1. is have been put to many Ingenious ' u.'es in connection with sports. To keep I iitiidg.s from rlslnit and living from c iver where lt I wished to keen them for shooting II lia been found that tl.a or, Is will not rise witn kites no.tring lover their heads, doubtless because they fe ir nttsck. Another interesting use of the kite Is air line fishing Tne ledvantiie of fish ing (ruin a kite Is that tiie llslinm in may stand on shore while, his bait is ,lio;i;ed far out at sea; als that t mid fisli ar easily scared by s. eiiiK tiie lilies or ti at near when the 1 Id method is used ior tills sport strung kites are fiowu, the string carrying a strong pulley, through winch the Hsh line runs 'in,, hi 1 of the Os 1 I'm Is held by tie fish, roian on shore; th other, which is vt titled, drops front the pulley lis the ascent is made and d:ps int t.ne 1 At the moment when the fisli snaps at the bait Hnd Is hooked the ruih p'iiviii feels the pull on h i line, and th kite is quickly h i ilcd ln ana the fish la n -i'e'1 i Ht t 'i.. "i-ne rim-.. A- -r Is ptsi tlcally no limit to the alzei ef kite which will fly well the Mure surely hoi Is Foriie interesting ixperuneir In many lines where tho kite miv he utll'zel range of the Audea In from twenty to'"' "u serves a a hitching posi for lit nuriy uuys. . au ma ic.viur which In ul"ur- . . . . ... ... . ,., to do some very Interesting termer days w. r. aeen 01, Lake Titlcarii! When they beoom exciU.1 ach on. run. An A n' Va-eiich man t a Uer- work. He may become hi own weather were carried Piece by piece ui, backs of, in a d.r.e.enl dJi.clio... The kid afford a Vi: . a," llamas and put together on their arrival lexclleiit food and ure rale., by in, arrle-; nun -. . j. A"?leHca eat. lii clouds; he , nay tell the approach of mou lt was th same with the m .otiin.ry wn.c, ros. Tney alway. go in pack, and will fol- K""1 n Lear tie re ichm. s7 nu by ati.chi.w I.ed.-n Jar. to his, "hsed ill this' ' " fM" ''-I' low. leader whii.h i. usually apet animal Pounds of 'kU. Itrings? he may draw L.htn,,, from -ATburde. Jhli-h the lia-.,. , h f . ' . i W ul Kussiari 6i pound. Of the cl ...ds. p.oto.riph In mi lu.r. alg. al TV u"ri1'" ,nlth l" ' will ca-ry ribbons. The arriero or his w::.- goes -S r-ul, .....,.- consumes ten pound, with flags, or send off fireworks from au m"ke.nno Thence" of"" ," - ''- .nd the Wcl; rnT.n" Tie, "oft where the effect produced Is, t sn he" . l" "erryf ir r T'nnlUrZXl piTunds! the Spaniard pounds, tne ital- worth the labor Involved. j whar. OJ other b..t of burden iTuldrtn5k.pt Ik ito u A. .to. , ir?n U UM1 aDlt ! A Mtm ut fr'llo l"d' Ul The rare that the watches of railway men receive Is shown In the regulat'on. recently adopted by. a Western railway for Its employes. Seventeen Jewellel watches lire requlrej. and they niusl be oiipiilied wlih Jlraguet hairsprings. The watches must be inspected every thre months and must be submitted to the in spector once a week for registration No employe Is perm tlel to el his watch or to change its movement, unless It suoald chauc to run down, use of the sword for feiuiiij. practice ha been abolished In Jayan. Kor a time we used hard wooden swords in our t .u 1 1 1 . 1 1 it. Even then so ninny bones were urokc.i that now the government uses only a splintered bamboo, which makes much noise and seems formidable, but does 110 harm. A nitin with a few weeks' instruc tion could protect himself, iigainsl tne most vicious thug or professional bruiser who might attack him by day or night by fnir A-i.m tilt..!. I.. at i..i..t a...i 1.. un iirtMiwiwr. in esse ..f 1. sii.ldeii attack in a. usin! oiilv a dtu'k or cane. military schools even In ord.nary schools lonely place, especially at night, no mat. "1 merely make these suggestion for Imply as a means of defence ter how strong or ag.le tiie assailant may what they are worth and have no per- "European fencing exercises only one be. isoniil interest to guln. as 1 am about sall- ,.f l..,,lu i,,..uucu ru.,.....u ... .'ill hnl ..no reon res with kilowledee I tin for I'.llUl.lnil. where I am to open a quires a man to exert every pait of li s of Japanese fencing anatomy. All the muscles are evenly ix- repel the atta.'k. As