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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 12, 1905)
November 13, 1W. - 5 HIE OMAITA ILLtTBTItATED DEE. I STOVE and FURNACE REPAIRS ! WATER FRONTS THE TPfE WILL COME when your Fnniwc, Steam or Hot Water riant will need a new crate or a new flrepot. You will be the most -5 disappointed person If you should wake up aoroe cold morning ana find you needed a new grate and none to be had within a week or tea das. and often It means several weeks. We have thousands or flit- J fer'ent grates, but have we what you want? Fll out the enclosed blank and spend 2 cents to find out: 2 5 My furnace, steam or hot water heater l i named No 5 s 2 nt nf natent Manufactured 5 by To know that we have repairs for your heater la like having money In the bank you can get it whenever you want It. We don't want you an t k n i i n n i, hn.aioa n-n nni tn mil van renalr. todav. It Is mm iu ii 1 1 uai. iuv uiuun nv i onuu v .- " - ...... -i - - - to enable vou to check over our stock, and If we should not have repairs m 5 for your heater we will put them In stock, not only for you, but for jjj others who might have the same kind of heating plant. While you are mm, ..JI.. ... V. mA nf t-nilf ViAfttOF 1'hv Tint 1 V'A 11 tllH MDlt Of TOUT stove or range and see If we have repairs and water fronU for themT S People of wealth put In their homes two complete systems of heat- ers and spend thousands of dollars to guard against break-downs. 5 Don't Jet 2 cents keep you from knowing how best to keep one system In perfect running order. j Address answers to DESK 4, s OMAHA STOVE REPAIR WORKS. 1206-1208 DOUGLAS 8TREET. TELEPHONE 960. ROBERT UHLIQ, President. - HUGO SCHMIDT, Vice Pres. g GEO. A. WILCOX, Treasurer. C. M. EATON, Secretary. 1,000 cars of supplies lu stock and Practical Furnace Men, Repair 9 Men and Plumbers to do our work. B Roosevelt's Railway Policy Address of Edward Rosewater at Chicago Rate Conference IWI HIES 1 accepted the Invitation rf the chairman of your executive committer to address this conven- V'fjtfd tlon I felt highly honored, because f 9 H afforded me an opportunity to meet the pioneers In the movement foe the governm .railways. (Appl I rejoice at the positive stand that has been taken by this convention to uphold the hands of President Roosevelt. Two weeks ago I tad a conference with the president on this very subject, and he expressed ent regulation and control of other competing railroad manager than by complaint nor has there been for a long time to pay the established rates. All the pplauae). any other cause and all causes combined, any complaint' with regard to rates that re large shippers of freight had their hlgh- What caused the popullstlc uprising? The persistent efforts of railroad managers to control the nomination of every public official from constable up to governor and from governor to senator, and they never excessive. What agitation has been had on that subject Is facetious and fictitious absolutely. It baa been promoted by In terested parties, and it is very easy to see who those interested parties are, aside salaried traffic dlrec'ors as well as the railroads and the rates which such ship pers paid were not determined by the schedule, but bargaining between the high salaried traffic directors of the shippers legislation or their pretended fears of th' disastrous effect of the proposed leglslatloi are a mere bluff. Hon. Richard Olney, the most eminent and . learned corporation scribe In th. United States, has favored the Amerlcat people with the most subtle and most con and the high-salaried traffic directors of fusing dissertation on the legal aspect ol the company " railroad rate making by congress In th October number of the North American That It does not require high priced. Review, In which he attempts to con very great anxiety that this convention do will let go until they are compelled to do from the commission, aright. He expressed himself as thoroughly so by the tidal wave of popular sentiment. ' Take the case of a mlddle-man-and convinced that the course he had outlined There Is another Issue that must be met shippers are mlddle-men-who has wl . w . .u- . ... .v.. imiii or,H ht la the election of the he claims Is an over-charge. He makes American people and he proposed to stand United States senators by the people of the claim against the railroad company; at the exact knowledge to make a schedule of t revert the published opinion of the at ,.t ,, ' ... .,. .. . . m.....A o,.!,, fAnnlaiiHel ar "me he sells his goods,' adds the square rule rates is conclusively proven torney general of the United States. Ir . iL,H,- h rlivTrf ,a Foe more ihin a aurter of a century amount of his freight bill upon the selling by the fact that fourteen years ago the support of the proposed extension of th, are all battling ha. been achieved. (Ap- For more than a quar e prlc! of hls K00da; that combined amount railway commission of Iowa, consisting of power, of the Interstate Commerce com- clause). the demand for Interstate commence regu It Is a common adage that those whom latlon laws has been Imperative. The the god. wish to destroy they first make arbitrary exactions and unjust dlscrlmlna- . , i . , . . v . . v. ii (inn mrhinU ahlnnera and localities Wert lima, inu li uufi pe-m lu nie uiai inw I an- ...... ' . . , . . , . . . a . . way corporation. In undertaking to pack subjected by corporations that control the taller with his this convention In order to break it up, is passed on to the wholesale merchant, and then It Is passed on (with his profit added) to the retailer, and from the re- It Is passed modern highways of commerce had created on to the final consumer. The fellow who unskilled men, each drawing a salary of about $3,000 per annum, In a few months time, mostly In hearing the protest, of the railway company, made a square rule mission. Mr. Olney concede, by Implies tlon the power of congress to regvilatt Interstate railway transportation, but h asserts that If congress Is authorized to schedule of rates for Iowa; and In the - prescribe such rates, It must do so Itself mis convention in oruer 10 ui raic u up, '""" J ---- . . - have made the most colossal blunder they the profound popular resentment that took eat. ...r have ever made In the -reat contest that shape In the enactment of the so-called manufactured from the wheat Is the fellow have ever made In the great contest that ha. been going on for the past thirty year. (Applause). I have been through this conflict since Its Inception, and I have never seen them com mit a greater blunder. This convention has successfully parried the blows and bluff, of the Parry organization (laughter) and It I. capable of carrying out its intention, no matter what the consequence, may be. Individually or collectively, we may draw upon ourselves the ill will and enmity of the railroad corporations, but I feel sure the time will come eventually when the railroads will realize that they have been their own greatest enemies In opposing this movement. same year the commissioners of Illinois, composed also of unskilled men, made a Granger law." by the embattled farmer, who pay. the unjust charge that has been square rule schedule of state rates for of the west and northwest. Old Jlrnmrati Disproved. State supervision and regulation of rail roads, however, was found Inadequate to remedy the , abuses Incident to Interstate traffic. When the Interstate commerce act was pending In congress, the contention of the railroad attorneys was that rail roads were private enterprises, that dif fered In no respect from any mercantile Investment, and were no more subject to regulation by congress than would be a hardware or grocery store or a newspaper. made for the carriage of wheat from South Illinois, both of which schedules have been Dakota to Pillsbury's mill at Minneapolis; used during those years and practically but who ever heard of one of these middle- without change. men, when he recovers the amount of his t overcharge, returning one dollar of It to the fellow to whom he sold the flour or to the man who ate the bread made from the flour?" This Is precisely where the shoe pinches. If the railroads have their way the com mission will not. be empowered to enforce Its orders where It finds a rate excessive. by positive and explicit enactment. It Is passing strange, however, that the su preme court of the United States should have declared valid tho granger laws of Wisconsin and the warehouse commission laws of Illinois, notwithstanding the facl that the. powers of rate regulation were delegated by the legislatures of those states An Example In Point. Here Is an example of only one schedule to an elective or appointive commission of rates made by state commissioners, cov? erlng two great states, having more Junc tions and competitive points than any other equal area in the world, which has been satisfactory and without chunge for more than fourteen consecutive years, while on the other hand the interstate schedule. but Its decision must be reviewed first by the courts and It may take from, two ma3e bv traffic experts, under the stress of t. 1,0. .r. m cnvlnr th to five vears before the courts render a final competition and the desire on the part of owner, and manager, of the railways that decision. In the meantime, what becomes to gain some advantage over the railroads are public highway, and subject of the fellow who ate the bread made from ether which affected the Interstate traffic at all times to supervision and reasonable flour that paid the excessive rate charged th two states, have been changed regulation by the national legislature. Just to the middlemen, the wholesale and retail during the same time by filing with the as they are and have been subject to merchants who added tho excessive freight Interstate Commerce commission prob- supervlslon and regulation directly and in- rate to the cost of the flour? If the plan " or cneau.ea, tlon and threaten to paralyze commerce by directly bv the states. But railroad presl- proposed by President Roosevelt, that an .V, '"i"1 ., ..1.. 1 . ..i .iii,i. v.- ... ,. ,.i.. .... i .1..11 v. .,!,,,., h fhm schedules is not Bnabear of Government Ownership. They hold up the bugbear of government ownership. Their managers try to frighten their employes by threats of wage reduc of the commissioners' railroad attorneys still insist excessive charge shall be reduced by the " ""- '"" -. exercise super- commission and the new rate shall lmmedl- "7 ' u.es mace oy me com- iiiiooiuiiciB ore in sum rnrm inai a. man thi withdraw! of transportation facilities, dohtfl end Hut thoy art? operating railroad not as a that while congress may .h,- 1. i u ti,m- ni h... tn enntinne .1. i fnrm if r.nn,i in Um mriien to nav the ex- of ordinary understanding, by inspection authorize the commission to work out de u ujc Btumuici, can aeiermine lor nimseu uiu uoni ueiermine ine stanuara Jteed of Kxpert Ability. Mr. Olney dwells with unction up on the point that railroad rate-making requires expert and scientific ability of a high or der and cannot be Intelligently done by a legislative body, but how much more in telligently can it be done by a body of Jurists, who have no opportunity of famil iarizing themselves with scientific railroad rate-making? Mr. Olney would have us believe that congress can no more grant legislative power to a commission than to the presi dent, and can no more delegate to any person or tribunal the power to determine reasonable rates of transportation than the power to determine reasonable duties on im ports, and In which case, while it may They will have to continue tlon In every shape and form. to pay good wages bo long as good wages delegate to any commission1 or admlnlstra- cesslve charge and the man who ests the prevail In America and they are going to furnish facilities to their patrons unless they want to bankrupt themselves. Presi dent Itoosevelt does not favor government ownership of railroads. .Nobody In this convention, so far as I know, -favors gov ernment ownership and operation of rail roads, but we favor the supervision and live body the power to lower or raise any bread will have the benefit of the reduction. rnte a trallroad truffle manager may seo fit to establish. - - . Question of Justice. This is really the core of the contention to this argument Mr. Fish demur, by between President Roosevelt and the rail- saying that "It I. not Just to the railroad roads. The president's position Is In favor companies to hale them into a special of enlarging the powers of the Interstate COurt, where other citizens and taxpayer. Commerce commission to the extent that are not taken. Under the present scheme regulation of the railroads of the United it .hall have the authority, upon complaint tne Interstate Commerce commission be- States by the people, who delegated1 their that any specific transportation rate Is ex- comes a prosecuting officer who lnvestlgtes, sovereign power over public highways to cesslve, to Investigate the complaint, and then It become, the grand Jury, to whom the corporations that own them. (Ap- jn case the rate Is found to be excessive, to .i, presentment Is made and then come. declare the rate unreasonable and sub.tl- tno court of the first Instance and Its tute therefor a rate which It deems Just finding Is Intended to be prima facia evl- and equitable. To combat that position the dence that would not be tolerated In any railroads are now using every Ingenious other business In any other land." argument and subtle sophistry which con jir. Fish does not seem to comprehend be evolved from the fertile brains of the tnat corporations acting as common car- bralnlest lawyers, college professor, and rlers are not on the same plane as other any rate he may desire. On the other hand, the Interstate schedules made by the traffic officers are In such form and fashion that no ordinary man can by In spection ascertain any rate. Based on the experience of Iowa and Illinois, It would seem proven that the making of a schedule of rates Is a task which the com- of reasonableness. Inasmuch as congress cannot possibly be In session all the year around. It could not within the nature of things attempt to regulate railway rates any more than the supreme court of the United States. If It cannot delegate that power to an administrative bodv. it must of necessity leave that power to be west. plause.) In this Irrepressible conflict there Is no such word as "Retreat. " The contest will go on until It Is settled right. The presi dent has simply done what the American people have long wished for. It Is not a question affecting shippers merely. Mil lions of other people are vitally Interested In ' this great movement. Every man, woman and child In this country Is Inter ested In It. Above alf things, we are In terested In the maintenance of popular self government without the corrupting inter vention of giant corporations. mission can thoroughly accomplish, i This exercised by the railroads without re.tri Is the testimony of one of the most ex- tlon, and that Is really what Mr. Olney perlenced railway manager. In the great and all the corporation scribes so zealously wish for. Mr. Olney imagines that he haa Btruclr a ledge-hamer blow at railroad regulation when he asks, "Can such a power In con gress, as the right to dictate rates to the Brief of a Lawyer. Passing from railroad president, to railroad attorneys Mr. Walker D. Hlnes, general attorney of the Louisville carrier, of the country, a power never yet & Nashville railroad, declares that exercised, either directly or Indirectly the Roosevelt regulation plan give, through a commission, be Justly regarded wjiijiHOMon me general taie- us contemplated by the constitution. mailing power just as fully, for practical Cer- edltors that the railroads are able either citizens and taxpayers. He does not seem . Kl. V IV.A ,Anw nw ..lain .nltoll.a . . . . I . , . . V. ... -rt iml.i.l Bi.,1 J . j . l0 conceae mat 11 is niuu.i purposes, and Just as free from Judicial for the emergency. iniquitous to allow the traffic managers revIew a8 ,t ,s rK)8glDle t(J lmagine. lrl f .. t0 ,evy tribute upon the commerce of the pont of fac, th(j on,y t mor(j raJlcal Most Objection. rneMle. country without let or hindrance. In their than this bill that could be enacted would woum ue u. - very nature rauroaas are monopu.ie. be to provide for government ownership of telegraph and telephone tolls or to 7..7 allotted to me to dissect every on. of the but competitive points, and Inasmuch a. tho railroads. Mr. Hlnes feels sure mat the ed of automobile. W t numerous plau.mie and puerile objections rate, at compettIve points are nearly al- the owner, of the railroads would, so tar Continuing, Mr. Olney aay. "It Is ex raised against President Roosevelt . plan way8 agreea upon by the traffic manager. as thplr tutWBtm ln the rallroad9 therefore' that rilSS "rate mlkfn of railway regu ation have taken pains the powr. arbitrarily exercised by ra lroad u concerned, welcome government owner- by the national t "kht ,1 hVozerbo t-e-U, -rn. tt not ship with the resulting substitution of apher. wll, be .SuSCSl JS'rcS cerned, I have never been charged a. t,tf railroad Dresldents. railroad attorney. ,., c.M.nt HehnonmnVer of the Erie being partial to free sliver, but I want to and railroad scribes ln opposition to the rallroa(Ji who appeared before the senate Not Reactionary Movement. Mr. Purry has given It out that this Is a reactionary movement toward populism and free silver Now, so far as I am con- talnly not. The constitution makers had no more intention of giving congress or any commission the power of railroad regula tion than they had to confer upon con gress or upon any state the power to fix government securities ln return for their rate making by the several states within f"i rauroiia noiaings at a rair vaiu- ineir several spheres, remind you that there Is .omethlng worse Roosevelt plan; and I have also read a commltt"ee on commerce to remonstrate than populism and that It is railroad rule. Kreat part of the testimony taken before BKalnst the proposed legislation, said that (Applause.) Wo of Nebraska have wres- the Benate Interstate commerce committee tn f,lr.h-P .mtlov.r tho Interstate Com- tled with it for twenty-flve or thirty years. ,RBt 8pring. These variegated arguments merce commls8lon and give It the right to atlon, in place of continuing ti hold their. property, subject to the regulation of the interstate commerce commtslon taking ef fect and prior to any Judicial review. In the seventies we had Jay Gould have impelled me to ask. ln all seriousness. adjust tTelgM r&ten woud seriously affect road reifuIatl Back and Sidney Dillon, then president of the why the railroad magnate, and their re- tne prent frlcndiy relation. nlon Pacific, come to the state capital to talnPrs have not held a convention, or at ralIroa(,g Rnd the shippers and ...i .mil convention, a i,,a8t a conference among themselves, so large majority of whose delegates was that they could agree upon a specific line against them when it convened, but after of aUUck, Instead of scattering their shot four days of siege they had to capitulate und peI.foratlng their own armor., to the magnetic influence of boodle. I amPi Sneneer. nresident of the Southern I feel sure no rational advocate of rail- would rather submit to anything, and am railway and foremost champion ln the willing even to be called a populist and ,et.aione policy. In his special brief to the (,trantg gem to" be radlcallv at variance -...v,.. . ma.. ,u Buunui to committee of Interstate and Foreign com the tyrannical and demoralizing domination of railroads. (Applause.) A Voice Cun 1 ask a question? Mr. Rosewater Yes. The Voice Is not government of rail roads far preferable to the government being controlled by the railroads? Mr. Rosewater Yes. We are presumed to have a government for the people, by the people, but popular sWf-government 1. a farco so long as the government ma- chlnery is controlled by the corporations. It is simply a providential Incident that the White House is occupied by a man who Is an American through and through. He is of the people and for the people, and we huve It in our power, so lonir as wa merce, of the house of representatives declares that there is nothing ln the present condition warranting any action of congress that would confer the rate making power upon the Interstate Commerce commission. In Mr. Spencer's mlnd"a eye It Is clear State. Make Rates Row. Precisely. Railroad rate making by the several states ha. been going on with the sanction of the state and federal courts for on will disagree with Mr. more than twentv-flva var InH nn .,. Hlnes. With the speculative features elim- ha. yet pronounced It unconstitutional, tnated from the capitalization, con- Even In tho famous Nebraska maximum sirucuon ana operation or the rail- rate case the sunremn court nt thm nnj with government supervision that States affirmed the right to establish marl Would Bton rrn H t bliurltiir with m , i ..1 -uiAU u., 1 ... : ... . ... gress or by a commission as revolutionary Blde pawners' through rebatesTprTvatec:; r.U .Va'Zr lines and sleeping car lines, there would ture of 1S83 unreasonable under the condl- bo no Incentive for the captains of Industry tlons then existing, viz., tremendous to continue in the railroad business. They shrinkage in the volume of traffic by rea- would doubtles.s cheerfully exchange their son of general business depression and suc- securitles for government bonds and em- cesslve drouths. ploy their capital and genius In enter- Mr. Olney'. most subtle argument against prises that offer opportunity for unrestricted national railway regulation Is that It would between the and prove disas trous to both. Other railway managers go still further and denounce tho entire road scheme of railroad rate regulation by con- and confiscatory, The views expressed by these remon- wlth the views entertained by President A. B. Stlckney of the Chicago Great West ern railroad. high finance. Too Much Pressure for Rebate. Discussing the question of rebates, Mr. Limits of President's Proarram. Mr. Stlckney goes further than Presi dent Roosevelt or any other advocate that the proposed change, are not Judicious of railway regulation. President Roosevelt a. a future system, ana mai mey ro nui ony wants to conrer tne power upon me mneB gays: "His bill, by author!.- warranted by the constitution of the United interstate Commmerce commission to ln- mg the comrfiisslon to prescribe specific States and would not be likely to accom- vestlgate complaints about alleged exces- rates. which cannot bo departed from plish the desired results. To prove, the Bjve and discriminating rates, and if. after (without application to the commission. Is reasonableness of existing rate. Mr. a fuu hearing, the complaint Is found Just, goinK to encourage secret rebates, because Spencer quote, from the report of to declare the rate unreasonable and fix when commercial conditions necessitate a the Interstate Commerce commission a lower rate, to take effect ,wlthln thirty speedy reduction in specific rates eutab- for 1893 and . 1S94. In which It expresses ,ays and stand until set aside by the nhed by the commission, It will be Im- satlsfactlon with the material re- courts. Mr. Stlckney wants the rate mak- possible to get the necessary instruction auction that has been made in iremni mg power conrerrea upon tne commission, and action by the commissslon In time to be in violation of Article I of the United btate. constitution, which reads as fol lows: "No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the the port, of one state over those of an other." This provision is tortured by Mr. Olney into a prohibition of preferential rates for transportation by railway between any of the ports of the United States. In other words, a prohibition of lower railroad rate. from interior point, to any of the ports ti? n..I hlt House, to resist rate, within the ten preceeding years. Mr. with authority to make complete .chedule. meet the exigencies of the occasion, and , th" seaboard or the Mexican t bought by giant corpora- Ppencor ,eCm. loath to quote the recent without complaint. In his testimony be- tn, condition will constitute an almost gU'f' faT,il"" of dlstano- reports of the commission which show that fore the senate committee on commerce overwhelming temptation to the railroads a material increase of rates has taken last spring he declared: "In considering to violate the mandate of the law, that XB.' mm, mm. A M k 1 m a . . . The ran a "n,f place within the past three years by this matter. It should be understood that the rate fixed by the commission must be w.n . .rl , i ThT?.!" , Y "0t change, of classification. According to Mr. the commission would not make a separato observed until changed by the commission r.r n,.T .. ,u.d'ctal trlbuna established Spneeri the matter of alleged preferences schedule for each railway. The practice an,, to make secret reduction- from such 1 1 Interstate commerce ques- btww,n i0(.ttmies and classes of traffic Is of each company Is to make Its own rate for tl,e purpose of meeting the Im- Ini r ,,"08"o"!, U,at tome Ufore th" largely exaggerated. Such claims, he says, schedules Is the chief cause of the present mediate necessities of commerce." .1 , th r-'n, l-0',,morpp commission. Wlmt w alway esMf and the present statute confusion in Interstate rates, because there Mr. Hineg , evldenlly famiiiar with the .h.i,h.T "'agnate, want? They are furnlsho8 anip,e means of dealing with are as many notions upon the details of a naturai propensities of the average ttUHiiea with most of the gentlemen who , aehedulB a. there are men engaged In tnn tj now occupy the federal bench, because they nave graauatea rrom railroad headquarters. What the American people must have is a tribunal that will have exclusive Jurisdlc that he cannot withstand tha tempta tion to give rebates to friendly In- aians or tne commercial ciuds. just as a them making tne scneauies. i ne eviuent aa rontentloa ot Samnel Speneer. vantage of only one schedule to be con We are further reminded by Mr. Spencer suited by shipper, and traffic offlclaJs, In . ... i ii- t .......... in... ,. it. nrsiAt. in naoArintn nnv nemren raie. in- . . t . . i . ... . . . , . , tlon iiv.p lutArut'. it, mat in siaies wnerw i.nmni vum. - -- niuuer vi iiuoii. v ny me rauroaas snouia thut iinifnrm h v """" """lon' 80 have power over future rate, against all stead or having to consult tne tnousanas object to a law that will enable them to Not n, a mtty , e8Ubll8he1- alleged discrimination between locality and of separate schedules which now exist, ,.XCU8e rebates on the ground of Inability had rt. . -.,M fr .t" extt,nple' W9 classes of traffic are a. frequent and acute would be one of the greatest benefit, which t0 resl8t temptation is Inexplicable; and. ut.iiaion ironi ine rerteral Judge in uvn ill commercial questions, It Is possible for any legislation to confer cnnrlllriinr hlM nnnlvtlml nflmnhl.t Mr bill simply reasonable, well In this interpretation of the intent and meaning of Artlclo I of the constitution, Mr. Olney come, into violent collision with James Madison, one of the framer. and historian of the constitution, who declared that the main purpose of this clause was to abolish certain Intolerable discrimination, ln tho nature of regulations Imposed by the states upon the domestic and foreign commerce of the country. Uture reVulKtinV .i Tr V V " 'RyM ne' the!,e matter, are best settled euner upon tne companies or me punnc. H,ne, deciares the present unconstitutional whnl i Z- "" between the parties. In this respect Mr. ine pracucai ouues or me comminution- meant t throw aslde tn6 law was declared , " "7:J." Bpencer evidently he. In his mind, eye n tms reBr woutq "P,, " defined system which now federal ludin. ti.ii- . the settlement between tne lamo ana me mm, mie. vu me u. .v .u.m,, wh,ch i, not Bhown , be lontotln. the Isaae. Mr. Olney'. contention Is that railroads operated by private corporations may make differentials between the different ports so as to equalize carrier', charges that will enable the producers ln the interior to ship their products to the best port by the shortest and cheapest route, while con gressional rate making would eventually exists, and r'8ult ln tne adoption of a mileage basis and 83 per cent of the decisions of the companies and by the arguments of the tallty for another 8(.lle8 of years, pending ,hat ,he railroads might circumvent the are driven from n i . l. . i. n . .. in..,u r.m puna I i.oa tl.nno Hint ip.m.il too hiih and mnkit . , lion. Willi mo .aillkl naiug ...w ivi". v " ...v. puiur to post. You have to go to the beast. compensation for such reductions by in lowest federal court, and if you are beaten To clinch his argument that the proposed creasing those which seemed too low. In VU i .i ,0 t0 Ule OUrt 0f l'Peul" amendment of the Interstate commerce law those duties they would be assisted by the aim in the course of years you may reach . pernicious. Mr. Spencer points to the arguments of the traffic officials of the " oiKuesi court la the fuct that ! What we want is to give the Interstate Commerce commission the power that wa. Inted.d to be given to it when the law creating the commluston wa. first enacted. J was bvfore the committees of both house, of congress In lst6 and im, urging the en actment of an interstate commerce law, but we have only had partial success by reason of the fact that everything has been ..un iiT-rui ins commission rrom car- insufficient, and to substitute for it a series of the most remarkable Innovations, many and perhaps all of which will call for Judicial construc tion, and to put the whole question of regulating interstate commerce into uncer- some of the ports on the Atlantic board would be injuriously affected. This Is simply confusing the issue in order to Justify railroad discrimination through abrltrary differentials. Mr. Oluey's con tention is tantamount to the assertion commission, which were passed upon by the courts, were held to have been erroneous. It is Impossible to foretell what havoo would follow from the exercise of such powers by the commission. Mr. Spencer forgets, however, that out of every hun dred complaint, made before he commis sion ninety were recognised as Just by the railroads and settled amicably, of the other ten appealed to the courts by the railroads two were decided to have been well founded r.'?. u 1 i1" faUh the obJcct ror nd the finding of the commission sustained which the law was enacted. People Arc With the President. I do not pretend to represent any organi zation, but I think I can safely speak for all tilt, prwi.lv of KebraukM. barring a few beneficiaries of the railroads and their officluls, when I say that they are with you In thl. movement. Hut you must organise a. -the railroads are organizing. You must meet their champion, face to face. You must go to the school districts, go to any and every place where they at going, and fight them on their own grounds. Individual work will not accomplish the result, but united organisation 1. what 1. required to win the battle. They talk about populism being generated by thl. n-ovement. Only about eight years ago Marvin llughitt. president of the North western railroad, declared tn ray presence that populiam ln Nebraska 1 ad ben fer mented more by the policy pursued by an- while the remaining eight were found to be Incorrect, and these eight were appealed by the railroads because they were the weakest cases. What terrible havoc would tie wrought by the commission If It were to adjudicate correctly ninety-two tin. nu nut nf a. htintlreil If It shall he riven the power to reduce rates, cannot be fore- the commission at told by anybody except an oracle of Spencerian magnitude. In conclusion Mr. Spencer would give as the proper remedy for all complaints against railways, "the promotion of better relations between railroads and their patrons and the en forcement of the statute laws In the courts." Where the Shoe PI ichM. Stuyvetant Fish, president of the Illinois Central railroad, while discussing the ques tion of railroad rates before the special committee on interstate commerce said shippers and the commission would be the arbitrators. It Is not to be supposed that in this way or In any other way a schedule would be produced which would be entirely satisfactory to everybody. Infinite wisdom Bitting as an arbitrator could not ac complish such a task. The commission, representing the sovereignty, with power to enforce Its decisions, would be most disinterested, and at the same time satis factory arbitrator which is possible." Xot All Railroad Men Aareed. President Stlckney also takes issue with othr railway managers who contend that It require, expert knowledge In making such a schedule. This Is also a point which is alieuuuualy urged against conferring the rate making authority upon this time. The as sumption seem, to be that there are only a few men who possess the exact knowl edge required, presumably owing to the relations of supply and demand; such exact knowledge can only be obtained by paying extraordinary salaries, far in ex cess of the salurles which congress would be willing to provide. "I but quote the language of a high authority, declared Mr. Stlckney. "when I say that prior to the Injunction, of the courts against paying re bates it was understood among business men that schedule, were made for smaller final Judiciul determination of the mat us of the new legislation. Such a state of uncertainty was, of course, to huve been expected. It was fore ordained, but, inasmuch as the railroads have their lawyers by the year, the amounts Bet aside for their legal depart ment will not have to be materially in creased. Would Not Stop Sew Building. Mr. Victor Morawetz. general counsel of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railioad company, in testifying before the commit tee on interstate commerce of the Unlit,") States senate declared that the proposed legiblation would put an end to further ex tensions, improvements and additions on his railroad and all other railroads, but ln this respect his prediction 1. simply a rt pe tition of those made by railway attorneys before the committees of congress who op posed the enactment of the first Interstate commerce law twenty years ago. At no time In the history of railroads ha. there been gi eater activity in railway ex- "There Is not to uiy knowledge any general shlj ptr. aud theme unsophisticated enough constitutional provision against discrimin ating between ports so long as they are not controlled by congress, but the moment they are so controlled the equality between the ports must be maintained. Terhaps Mr. Olney is not aware of the fact that bills establishing a free port at Uort Pond Bay, K I., were Introduced In In tho Senate by Senator Chandler (senate bill No. IWiOl and again by Senator Fry ln 1S95 and WM (senate bill No. 6U), and also ln the house by Representative A. C. McCormick. (house bill No. 3813). These bills were designed to establish an international clearing house at Fort Pond pay, in which goods shipped from one country to another (not In the United 6tates), could be landed and reshlpped to foreign countries without the payment of the customs duties or Inspection by cus toms officials. Recalatlon nothing; Kew. The Fort Pond Bay free port was de signed to also become the terminus of the shortest steamship line between the tension and railway betterment than at this United States and England and would have time. Many of the trunk line, are being given New York an extraordinary advan- double-trackcd and even quadruple-tracked, tage over other ports on the Atlantic sea- and thousands of miles of branch lines an board. The project was financed by the r.ow under construction or contracted for late Austin Corbin. a very able American to be constructed during the coming r. financier, and It stands to reason that The railway magnate, either feel confident Mr. Corbin would not bave ventured upon of their ability to defeat all rate regulation an enterprise that lnvohed aa outlay of i. mimm k m ED. PINAUD'S EAU DE QUININE HAIR TONIC "Without question, an in dispensable adjunct to a lady's toilet table exceedingly me ritorious, in preserving hair and causing it to retain its lustre." Lillian Russell. Indispensable" "Meritorious" " Preserving the hair," " Causing the hair to retain its lustre." YE3, and these truths have been proven and attested thousands of times. Men of prominence and women of rJeauty people of refinement everywhere, insist on having the genuine ED. PINAUD'S EAU DE QUININE HAIR TONIC FT? P" F Ed Pinaud't Eta de Quinine r AU H,ir Tolic for three spoli calioDii enough ezquitite perfume fo' five timet, snd Lmoia ELIXIR DENTRIFICE ior five timet. Send 10c. to pay pottage and packing. WRITE TO-DAY Ed.Pinaud'sAmericanOfficea Ed. PinaisJ Building NEW YORK CITY many millions without consulting eminent constitutional lawyers. Mr. Corbin'. accidental death while the free port bills were pending in congress frustrated the enterprise, which I fool sure, will be revived at no distant day by the capitalists who obtained control of the Long Island railroad and acquired title to his Fort Pond Bay interests. "Transportation," says the Massachu settes statesman, "Is one branch of com merce us buying and selling of products is another. Both may be regulated by the national government, but neither carried on by It." As a matter of fact railroad, have been constructed, owned and operated by th. several state, and the United States gov rnment; and this relates not only to railroads within the United States, but also without. The United States at present owns and oiH-rates the I'unama railroad and proposes to own and operate an inter oceanic canal. If congress can delegate the power to operate the Panama railroud and fix the charges thereon and to con struct and operate the Panama cannl und fix charges thereon to the isthmian canal commission, it can certainly dele gate the rate making power to the Inter state Commerce commission. A much less eminent but more preten tious champion of the let-alone policy, who has projected himself Into the arena as a disinterested guide, philosopher and friend. Is Hugo R. Myer, assistant professor of political economy of the University of Chi cago, who Involuntarily, as It were, invltod himself before the Interstate commcice committee cf the senate to enlighten that body with regard to its duties in the pres ent emergency, and has supplemented his entirely disinterested efforts to stem the tide of popular sentiment in f;ivor of na tional railway .upervlslon and regulation by a book which is being widely circulated regardless of expense by the literary bu reau of the railroads. One-Sided t'umparleoaa. Prof. Myer Institute, invidious compari sons between the government-owned rail roads of Germany, Austria and France and the privately owned railroads of the United 8tat.'S. but he carefully omits comparisons between the privately owned and government-regulated railroads of Great Britain. It is amusing to note, however, that hi. expert knowledge of railway management und railway operation In Germany wa. de rived not from personal observation or in quiry abroad, but from books and statis tic., in other words. Prof. Myer did not come In contact with the shippers and pro ducer, of Germany or the railroad em ployes, nor doe. he take Into account the fact that all th. European railroad., bar ring Russia, would be counted as short haul line, in the United States, while his comparison of European short-haul ton nage rates Is made with the long-haul ton nage rates In America, whereas they should have been compared with the short-haul rate, of America, which are two and three time. a. high west of the Mississippi, at least, as those of Germany. France, Bel glum, Swltterland or Austria. Professor Myer also seemed to be oblivi ous of the fact that government owned railroads ot Europe carry free the nuills and postal packages, the munition, of war. .the troops, the army and navy supplies and civil officers travelling on government busi ness, whereas in the United States more than 4u,000.000 are paid to the railroads for carrying the mails and 1100,000,000 at least, paid by the people for express ser vice, which In Europe is carried a. part of the mall service at a nominal price, and besides this the United States pay. many millions for the transportation of troops, army, navy and Indian supplies, and transportation of federal employe, and officluls. Put there are none so blind as those who will not see and Professor Myer appear, to be afflicted with the same color-blindness that distressingly beclouds the visions of so many favored shippers, railway lawyers, subsidized editors and even men ot the cloth. Value Not Visible One of the finest collections of stuffed birds ln America I. in the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Science. A certain millionaire wa. examining the collection ln the company of the curator. "Yea." said the curator, "thl. collection of stuffed birds 1. worth thousand, and thousands of dollar.." "I. that so?" said th. millionaire. "Why, what are they stuffed wlthT" tiw Tork Tribune. ...
