June 25, irm TnE OMAIIA ILLUSTRATED BEE. Portland Exposition the Magnet for Pacific Coast Visitors This Year y : ,t I. I'M .-!., r . .. ..I'uro.i. . ir- "wi--ee .v ? 4 nu . , i ; '' -y -f'infriii-w,;i -;v ...'1 the bulldlnrs I of the California mission architMture. Thpy a:e finished with the crwam-ttntM Tmadcs and rrJ-tilM roofing, but clasnlc portlcoa cf th Ionic order con nect the three email buildings with the larger exhibit structure. The grand en trance to the n.aln exhlhlt building of the government group Is of classic design and is one of the most attractive architectural offerings on the exposition grounds Three, smaller buildings house the fisheries, ter i ritorial and irrigation exhibits, and to the extreme left and on the shore of Guild's lake Is located the life saving exhibit build ing. This little building Is unique In Its design and quite picturesque. The main group of buildings are planned In the form of an eclipse. The front on a great court which contains sunken gardens. These are an achievement In the garden architect art. Irrigators will be Interested In the display contained In the Irrigation building. Here are shown models of some of the great reclamation projects recer.tly undertaken by the government, particularly those In the barren wastes of Idaho, southern Cali fornia and the basin cf the Colorado river. These models are In relief and afford a fit subject for the study of arranging fed ditches and laterals to the best advantage for the distribution of water. Outside the building", practical demonstrations of Irri gation are given In a small farm which Is laid out with perfectly constructed ditches fitted with proper headgatcs. Through these the water Is directed among vegetables and feedstuffs In actual growth. The Territor ial building houses displays from our re cently acquired Island possessions. The ex hibit Is distinctive lr every respect and has already proved cne of the most patronized of any of the government displays. LAKE VTEW TERRACE AT PORTLAND EXPOSITION. kN Thursday, June 1, at Portland, Ore., with appropriate ceremonial and amidst the enthusiastic ap plause of some thousands of the energetic people of the PactPc ciwn Was opened an exposition that is Intended to commemorate the ceremony of a remarkable achievement. The Lewis and Clark expedition that traced In the years UM and VA the waterways of the great .West from the mouth of the Missouri to tho mouth of the Columbia was epoch-making distinct and co-ordinated notion of the ' . ilintrr that u hlvfton triji rrfiat Issippl valley and the Pacific coast. For three centuries the coasts had been known to exist, and In a desultory sort of way some knowledge of the Interior was ob tained, but this fragmentary knowledge was based more on stories brought In by the adventurous fur hunters and trappers than on actual exploration. It Is a re markable fact that President Jefferson, by hobe direction the Journey was under- Uken, as one of the reasons Justifying his Purchase of toe Louisiana territory, re counted the fact that somewhere in the interior of the country, presumably In what is now Kansas, was a great mountain of salt, whose value alone was equal to the price paid France for what is now a mag nificent empire. This is only one of the many evidences of the lack of knowledge of the country that Is now so familiar to all. Stimulated by Commerce. Columbus sailed from Tagos to find the Indies by a western passage; the eastern had been closed by the Mussulman hordes, and the traffic of Christian Europe lan guished. Columbus died In the full belief that he had discovered Asia, and for some years thereafter the explorers who put out along his track believed with him. After had awaited the ajes. light of civilization for the continental nature of the land fall had been demonstrated, and the Portuguese had doubled to Cape of Good Hope, establish- lng the fact that Columbus had not dls- Portland's Pretty Exposition, covered Asia, Interest in the interior of The exposition at Portland commemorates the new continent flagged. Magellan's one episode In the development of this em- epoch-marklng voyage had a tremendous pire, but serves to Illustrate In a most effect on the geographical knowledge of practical way the progress made, not only the period, but did little more than to of the people who have developed the coun- stimulate a desire for an easier passage try during the last half century, but of from the eastern to the western ocean. The Spanish penetrated to the Isthmus of Darien and subsequently found in Mexico and Peru all they had sought in the Orient. The English persisted in attempts to round the northern end of the continent, as the Portuguese and Spanish had rounded the southern extremities of two, and the French, In a desultory way, stimulated more by private curiosity than national enter prise, devoted some efforts to an attempt to pursue one or two of the great water ways of the continent to their sources. English voyagers and Spanish, too, par tially explored the western coast of the American continents, but the great inter ior plains were left a terra incognita, and for three centuries the nature of the coun try was known only In the vaguest way, save for a comparatively narrow strip along the eastern border. The Louisiana purchase at the beginning ef the nineteenth century stimulated the Inquiry as to what the country between the Mississippi valley and ihe Pacific coast really con- the world at large. It is not the most ex pansive of the general expositions that have been so numerous during recent years, but it has the advantage of the experience of all the others, and In this way it rep resents what is best In the exposition Idea, with sufficient of novelty to add Interest even for those who have seen all the rest. It has a most sightly location on the shores of the Willamette river, nestling under a spur of the Cascade mountains, with a broad expanse of water washing the base of the hill that has been selected as a site for the main buildings. This hill, whose slope is gentle, is crowned on the top with the pretty buildings of the expo sition, so grouped as to abandon the con ventional Idea and yet to preserve the architectural picture and be easily ad jacent, so that access from one to another is easy. The hillside Is beautifully laid out in terraces, grass plots, flower beds and winding walks and drives, leading down to the water. A bridge connects the main grounds with an island, on which the gov- tained. The first general expedition sent emment exhibit has been installed. Along out was to determine if a practicable course for commerce by water existed across the continent. Other expeditions were under taken under the leadership of John C. Fre mont, Zebulon Pike and others, and the discovery of gold In California set the tide of travel moving westward under a tre mendous spur. This teean the real de velopment of the west, three and one-half ce-.rsuries after the land fall that gave to humanity knowledge of half the world that this bridge the sideshows have been aligned and the whole has been named "The Trail," after the old Oregon trail. I nlled States Government Buildings. The buildings of the L'nited Slates gov ernment at the Lewis and Clark exposi tion, five In number, are grouped about the peninsula which extends Into Guild's lake, the great natural basin of the Cen tennial. Generally speaking, the design of Agriculture Building-. The Agriculture building at the Lewis and Clark exposition la the largest and one of the handsomest structures on the grounds. It Is 400x30 feet In dimensions and Is sit uated on the east side of Columbia Court, the main plaza of the exposition. The struc ture cost (74,659. In design the Agricultural Palace is composite and Its inception can not be traced definitely to any order. Wherever the architect felt that the em bodiment of a feature from some estab lished order would better the appearance of the building this was done, and the re sult has been satisfactory In every particu lar. Traces of the Romanesque are found In the ornate work Inclosing the window frames, and In many Instances Spanish Renaissance has been used to advantage. The main entrances are designed after the Mission architecture and are very pleasing. With Its soft cream-tinted facade, red hued tiles and its great translucent dome, the Agriculture building Is one of the most presentable of any at the exposition. The dome Is a particular feature of the build ing. This rises from the center of the structure and Is of monstrous proportions, and can be seen, not only from every part of the grounds, but for miles down the Willamette liver. Its great ribs and the finial, which crowns It, are liberally studded with incandescent lights which at night offer a scene marvelously attractive. Cast staff has been used upon this building elab orately and It Is generously favored with attractive pilasters, cartouches and fes toons. Forestry Building. Most original and unique among the exhibit palaces of the Lewis and Clarlt exposition is the Forestry building, a ver itable timber exhibit n Itself, 3Kxl(B feet. This structure Is built entirely of huge logs and as an architectural creation Is marvelously attractive. The building 1s situated on a lofty eminence overlooking , TFT I1" .... . u e ' II 1 I I 'MUM, 11' I !T1- i. i x v-. ' - FROM THE WATER'S EDGE TO THE FOREIGN EXHIBITS EUILDINO. Guild's lake, the largest body of water ever contained within the domain of an exposition. For the construction of this building two miles of logs, five and six feet in diameter and fifty-two feet Ion?, eight miles of poles and tons of shakes and shingles were required. The structure is distinctly representative of the timber resources for which the state of Oregon Is famous, and the people of the common wealth felicitate themselves In having such a characteristic design for the most Im portant of the exhibit buildings at the Centenr.ial. Exteriorlly the Forestry' build ing Is not unlike a great log cabin, but the details of its construction distinguish It and give it a etateliness of appearance even superior to that of Its neighbor, the Oriental Exhibits building, a true replica of the Corinthian order. As surprising and attractive as Is the exterior of the For estry building, lis interior Is more so. There Is offered a veritable forest of firs, fifty-two tree columns, as thick as a man is tall, towering to the rafters, fifty feet above. These are grouped to form an enormous colonnade and are displayed to excellent advantage. The interior walls of the Forestry building are also unfinished, and their crude surfaces afford a very pleasing appearance. Rustic stairways lead to a series of balconies, from which the .visitor may view the exhibits as well as the native products of the forest. European Exhibits Building;. Separated from the Agricultural palace by the beautiful Sunken Gardens of Colum bia court, the European Exhibits building at the Lewis and Clark exposition aids greatly in making the main plaza of the Centennial a very attractive feature. This structure is 4txl00 feet and cost $51,720. Spanish renaissance has been utilized for the design of the European Exhibits palace and is truly portrayed in Its every detail. Each corner of the building Is set off by towers, having open arches on their fa cades and guarded by ornamental balus trades. The main entrance Is through a large semi-circular arch, the face of which is richly adorned with sculptured flowers and vases, and allegorical figures are ap propriately embodied In the design. From the center of the building arises a huge square tower, surmounted on each corner by smaler towers. The floor of this great tower contains a roof garden, where vis itors may seat themselves and partake of light refreshments while they gaze upon the gala and animated scene hundreds of feet below. The roof garden is reached by broad stairways leading from the Interior of the building. Exnlbits are housed from all European countries, England. Germany, France. Russia, Switzerland. Holland and Hungary being ably represented. The dis plays are comprised chiefly of exhibits dis tinctive of their expositors and embrace srt, science and industry. Oriental Exhibits Building. The Oriental Exhibits building Is the only structure In which the classics have been followed consistently as regards design. The building is SCO feet long and 160 feet wide and contains 40.000 square feet of ex hibit space. In design the structure Is strictly Corinthian. The main entrance Is situated on the south front and is very Im posing. Two large buttresses rise on either side of the entrance and project sufficiently to afford ample shelter to the mam door ways. These are ornamented with care fully studied cartouches. The entrance proper Is under a huge arch. Classic mold ings carry around this from a cartouche In the center of the rise and are returned to the buttresses. The facatfe are broken here and there with fluted pilasters. Win dows are located between each pair cf pilasters. Their casings are artistically embellished In bas relief. The rear of the building terminates In a great hay. An enormous arched dome surmounts the structure. Additional light ls'afforded by a gTeat skylight, which runs the entire length of the dome. Eight classic cupolas, two on each corner of the squnre of the building, finish the structure. All the ex hibits contained In the building are dis tinctly Oriental. Japan makes a very creditable display. China's exhibit is large, thorough, Interesting and Instruct ive. India Is well represented. The Isl ands of the East Indies. Ceylon and oth ers, have sent excellent exhibits. Other Ehlbitlon Building. The Manufactures, Liberal Arts and Varied Industries building at the Lwi and Clark exposition Is one of the largest structures on the ground, containing 90,009 square feet of exhibit space. The Mines and Metallurgy building Is ono of the handsomest "structures on the grounds. The building is 200 feet long and 100 feet wide and contains 20,000 square feet of exhibit space. The longest building is that devoted to transportation, electricity and machinery. Its dimensions being 600x100 feet. Two wings. .each l'xlO0 feet, made necessary by the remarkable demand for exhibit space, extend at right angles from either end ot the building. Facing the Concourse Plaza at the Lewis and Clark exposition Is Festival hall, the building wherein will assemble all the great conventions, musical festivals and merry-making, which will be notable features of the Centennial. Hidden Treasures Buried on the Isthmus and the Islands About i t ... ., 4 1 V . - : ' 4 EARL FITZWILLIAM. WHO STILL nrTCTS PIRATES TIOAKDS. (Copyright, 1, by Frank G. Carpenter.) IANAMA. June U. (Special Corre spondence of The Bee. There Is a great chance here for the for. nation of a treasure hunting syn dicate to prospect the Isthmus f Panama, the mountains between here and Colombia and some of the islands of the Pacific and the Caribbean sea. This whfle region was for generations the re sort of pirates and buccaneers. Brigand age was common In the days of the Sian laids. and robbery rife when the forty-n'-w-rs from California crossed the Chagres uith their loads of gold. All the gold ani liver that Pisarro squeezed out of the Iiiirv3 was brought to Panama and taken t'Y horses and men across to the Atlantic. ..Tnttt treasure alone was enormous. Silver ui so common that the soldiers had their horses shod with It and It was brousht here by the ship load. One of the first ex peditions to Peru resulted In the rapture of Auhualpa, the Inca king. Pizarro offered to ransom him If the Indians would till the prison room where he was kept with gold. This prison was seventeen feet long. ).tenty feet wide and nine feet high. The ' 11 W. . , I. mA 1 1... ,i min.il tie whole was filled. It comprised a mass f gold plate torn from the Temple of the Fun at Cuzco. hundreds of drinking cup. c.,he and gold basins, and beautiful gold vases wonderfully carved. Tiiere was so much of It that it took the Indian gold smiths, working day and night, a whole month to cast It Into ingots. The succes sors of Plxarro carried other treasures to Panama and the galleons of Spain for gen erations brought silver and gold from the western coasts of Mexico and South Amer ica, and even from Manila., to be taken across these mountains for shipment to the mother country. Booty of Baeeaneera. Many of these expeditions were attacked by pirates, ituccaneers were common and they hunted for treasure not only on sea, but also on land. The buccaneer Morgan marched across the Isthmus In loTl snd look Panama, which was then one of tne richest cities of the hemisphere. He burned it to the ground, killed many of the inhab itants and held others for ransom. He tor tured them to discover where their treas ures were hidden, and when he uentwway he had 17 horses laden with Jewels, silver and gold. The Indians are said to have burled treas ures In different parts of this region. There is now an English syndicate draining the lake of Guatavlta. .which lies on the top of a mountain In the neighboring state of Colombia. This lake Is sarred to the Indians, and It is said that they have fur generations cast gold images into It as offerings to their divinities. These images range in value from H to many times that sum. I have seen them for sale by the money changers at Panama. They are of various shapes some rude birds, some frogs and some images of men and women half as long or as long as one's little finger and of solid gold. Many of those already discovered have come from the borders of the lake. The English concessionaries have pierced the mountain by a tunnel, so that the water can be gradually drained off. They have, I understand, made their tun nel a trifle too high to strike the bottom of the lake, and It will have to be deepened. In the meantime they have sent to Eng land for more money for this purpose. Mast Island Millions. I heard the story of a live treasure on my way to Panama. The captain of one of the ships which sail from New York to Colon is financially Interested In it, and It is from his mouth that I have the story. The names, with the exception of the pi rates, are chanced, as the man who owns the secret is still living, and the several prominent Americans who have been hunt ing the hoard do not care for publicity. Said the captain: "Our treasure lies somewhere In the Island of Mona, and we have a chart which ought to show the exact spot. It Is com posed of silver hid there by pirates. The liver Is In round plates, and there is so much of It that It lightened the boat which carried it there three feet when It was taken out. Figuring on the size of the boat I estimate that it must weigh at least 100 tons. or. in round numbers. Just about Ml.OOit pounds, and all is pure silver. I first got wind of this treasure in Mexico City," continued the captain. "My Information came from a friend whom I shall call Smith, and he had it by tradi tion from his great-great-grandfather, who was chaplain of the New York City prison In 1T30. While acting as such two pirates, a captain named Golden and a mate named Fraser. were In Jail condemned to death. Chaplain Smith was the only man who was kind to them, and each, not knowing that the other was doing likewise, confided to him that the pirate crew to which they be longed had buried this treasure on the island of Mona. They told similar stories of their captures, and how they had put their prisoners to death by making them walk the plank. On being chased by a man-of-war they had taken their treasure to Mona and buried It there. The captain gave the chaplain a chart showing exactly where the treasure lay. It was near a tree within a certain pacing distance from some wells. A similar story was told by the mate. These stories and the chart were handed down from father to son. until they had reached my friend Smith. I urged him to Join with me and form a company to seek the treasure, and this we did." "And how did you succeed?" I asked. We failed," replied the captain, "but I am sure the treasure is there yet. and we shall try again. There are five members In the company and It is a close corpora tion. It la only a short time since we made our first expedition. We went to May agues, Porto Rico, and there hired a small boat to take us over to Mona island, which lies about eighteen miles away In the Mona strait. It is not difficult of access, and It has at times been occupied by Germans, who hare been working there for guana. During the Spanish war they abandoned their works, leaving their wharves and houses. Upon our landing we took the chart and soon found the localities named on It. We paced the distance to the place where the treasure should have been con cealed and dug down. About ten feet below the surface we came upon an old pick and shovel and some scattering bullets. We went a little lower, but, being short of pro visions, left, intending to return again. The circumstances were such that we could not well get back at that time, and so we gave up the search. In all probability we shall try It again. It may be that the treas ure has been removed, but there Is no doubt of the correctness of the chart, for we found every mark upon It te correspond exactly with the landmarks of the island." Madonna of Solid Gold. The most wonderful treasure island in this part of the world, however, is Cocoa island, which lies in the Pacific ocean south of Costa Rica and about two days' steam from Panama. A party of treasure hunters are there now, and a steamer of 5,0o tons which is fitted out for another party to hunt that treasure has just left fanuin. In the first place, let me tell you some thinx uf the treasure. It is said to be worth liO.OOu.Oiio to $luu,ij,Uio. and Is made up of silver, gold and Jewels. Among the objects buried is a life-sized statue of the holy virgin, made of solid gold, and smaller golden statues of several feaints. These were carried to the Island in IT'0, at the time of a revolution in Peru, when the cit izens of Cailao fled there with their plate, bullion and valuables. They were In dan ger of their lives, and they chartered a little Newfoundland vessel named the Mary Lear, which was lying at the wharf. The officers were not told where they were fioing. They were chafed by a Peruvian man-of-war, but escaped and finally landed at Cocos island, where elven boatloads of treasure were taken ashore and burled. The vessel then started back to Peru, but was met by one of the Peruvian men-of-war and bombarded. The result was that every person on board was killed with the exception of two men named Keating and Thompson. I do not know what became of Thomp son, but Keating returned to Newfound land and organized an expedition to go -to Cocos island and get the treasure. He landed there and took some away, but. coming back to Panama to get some tools for further excavation, his vessel was wrecked and as a result he saved only J7,U. This be carried with him to New foundland and again got up an expedition. On his second Journey, however, be and his crew were arrested at Panama and nar rowly escaped execution. This discouraged him and he went back to Newfoundland and there died, leaving his charta and maps to his daughter, a Mrs. Young, who in tt!4 was living in Boston. In addition to this treasure left by the Peruvian revolutionists, there are pi re to boards, which were buried there by William Dampier. a buccaneer who rav aged these seas In the latter part of the seventeenth century. Dampier blockaded Panama In 1&4. and the following year be took a big treasure ship, which was com ing north from Lima. He is aald to have stored vast amounts of silver on the Ceeue Islands, and at one time to have taken six boatloads there. Fifty Million Dollars. For generations these stories of Cocos Island have been told. Mrs. Young pub lished a statement some years ago that her father estimated the value of the treasure buried there at $ii,O0J.00ft, and that her papers would show the exact loca tion of it. There are other charts In ex istence which claim to show the burial places of the pirate hoards, and these have caused a number of treasure-hunting ex peditions. A recent one, which is still going on, is that of the steam yacht Ro Marine, which left England last September and came around through the 8tralts of Magellan to the Island of Cocos. It has been at the ports of Costa Rlca a great part of this year. It comes from South ampton and Is owned by Harold W. S. Gray, a member of the Royal St. George Yacht club of which the prince of Wales is the commodore. $ Fortune-Hunting Earl. An even more Important expedition to Cocos island was that undertaken by Earl Kitzwilliam early this year. His ship, which has been lying in Panama during a great part of my stay, was recently sold to the Peruvian government for flSO.ffiO. A naval crew has taken It to Cailao, and It is now the Iguiios of the Peruvian navy. Earl FltzwilUam is amongst the richest of the English nobility. One of his ances tors under Queen Elizabeth was five times lord deputy cf Ireland, and the present earl is aald to own more than lorf.OOu acres there. He has an income of a million and a half dollarS a year, which means about 14.000 a day. He is a young man, and it was probably the love of adventure rather than the lust for gold that sent him treas ure hunting In the waters above Panama bay. Earl Fitzwilllam was inveigled Into his treasure-hunting by Admiral Palllser. This man Is twice as old as the earl, but he is a keen sportsman and an ardent chaser not only of adventure, but the dollar The ad miral was commander-in-chief of the Brit ish fleet on the Pacific station from US to lkS9. He has long known of the wealth hidden on Cocos Island, and. Indeed. It Is said here that he made several expeditions In search of It while he was tn the navy, and that at one time he landed marines there and did some digging. At any rate, he laid bis maps and charts before the rich young earl and the earl supplied the money for what was perhaps the most remarka ble' treasure-hunting Journey since the Argonauts started out after the golden fleece. Adventures of the Vrroiiqir, The first thing was to get a ship, and they bought this vessel which has Just been sold to Peru. Its name was the Veronlque. It cost FltzwilUam Just $300,000. so that Peru gets it for half price. The Veronlque was a steel steamer of about 5.0(0 tons, which had been used as a transport to carry troops to South Africa. It is big enough to carry 4.000 tons of freight, fifty first class passengers and 1.00 steerage. Before sending it out it was fitted tip with all the luxuries of a rich man's yacht. Partridges, grouse, hares and other meat were put away In it cold storage chamber, and the steward laid in wine galore, pate de fole gras and all sons of . . - ...... i ? ' n' j i , c y -i j ft 111 r ... . ' ; it i . j. ri . : . - j i. 0m ..-cfr.m"-" ..Mi,. , J . ' ffc., .,'"-.: .f., f ' ss M Si 1 1 i ADMIRAL PALLISER OF THE ENGLISH NAVT AT THE WHEEL good things, many of which have been since peddled about Panama and some of which I have eaten. When the ship was manned and supplied with a good corps of men for digging and blasting It was sent about through the Strait of Magellan to Panama, and the earl and the admiral came across the ocean to meet It. The admiral's party took the Royal Mall for Jamaica and thence came to Colon. The earl went to New York and New Or leans and on to Panama, arriving just a little after the Veronlque anchored. Leaving Panama on their ship they had a quick sail to Cocos Island, but their ardor was dampened to find that a man named Glsler had a concession from Costa Rlca. which gave him the exclusive right to dig for treasure there, and that he would not let them land. He was pertruaded, however, by a goodly sum of money offered by the earl, and that the more easily when they told him where they expected to dig. The landing at Cocos Island Is difficult. The men, Including the white-bearded, gray haired Admiral Palllser and others, had to wade through the water up to their necks In reaching the shore, and they carried the dynamite and tools on their heads. i Pirate Hoard Dynamited. Everything was landed at last, however, and carried to the place which they had marked on the chart, a short distance In land. The spot was at the foot of a beet ling cliff, and In order to expedite matter they used dynamite, putting in a big charge and then running away to avoid the ex plosion. When the charge went off It tore the earth to pieces, and all rushed back to cast their eyes on the treasure. While they were stooping over and pulling the stones aside a great mass of the cliff above, which had been loosened by the shock, fell with a thundering crash to the ground, burying most of the party. The earl was struck In the head with a rock. Colonel Gordon Carter of the First Lifeguards had his foot badly crushed, and a number of the men were seriously hurt. The Injuries, all told, were so great that the earl and the admiral became thor oughly disgusted, and they asked nothing else than to get away as quickly as pos sible. They went back upon board ar.d sailed straight for Panama. Here the wounded were carried to Ancon hospital and there treated, while the earl and the admiral and the rest of the noble party crossed, post haste, to Colon, and took ship for Europe, leaving their steamer here to be sold. In the meantime the golden Madonna still lies In Cocos island, like the sleeping prin ces In the fairy tale, awaiting the ad vroturoui youth who shall make hi way to her and kiss her to life. FRANK a CAJtPCNTER. .