EDITORIAL SECTION.
The Omaha
Sunday
Bee.
PAGES 1 TO a
ESTABLISHED .1DK 19, 1871.
OMAIIA, SUNDAY MOUSING, MAY 7, 1903.
SINGLE COrY FIVE CENTS.
j.maiii ys
Green Trading Stamps Every Time
i w
HIGH ART PORCELAIN
Chimw&re and Rich Cut Glass.
Wedding Presents useful and ornamental at all prices.
New prices new arrangements, and most complete lines
For Monday and Tuesday, Japanese Sugars and
Creams, new, pair, $1.50, $1.23 and ...O C
Japanese Cups and Saucers thin egg shell china ten dif
ferent patterns values up to 50c Monday and C
Tuesday .yJC
Ten ($1.00 Green Trading Stamps.
RoyaJ Austia.n China.
Dinner Sets
100 pieces beautiful floral
decorations must close these
out an $18.00 11 no
set for..v. lltwu
Only fire seta to offer. .
Johnson lros. -Whit and
Gold Dinnersets 100 pieces
very neat best ware made
every piece 'warranted rejru
lar S15 poods close - f ff
out at, set XV.
Tha 10c Table is loaded with good piecea of China Plate, Fruit Bancera,
Trays, Cups and Saucers some 2jc values lor, iflo
A W W
S? Warwick China
K Platter, spray and EJj
9 oId PPle. 25c Af
Wedding Stationery
Strictly Hih-Gradc
Engraving.
INVITATIONS,
ANNOUNCEMENTS.
CHURCH CARDS, Etc
Vt larlte yom te laeaert oar Ban
les aa art oar price oa Wedding
stationery
Oar prices arc lower thaw other
high-class engravers, ajaalltw
altered.
EGRAVI0-TAT10ERY,
MAIM FLOOR.
SIIELP PAPEK
10 yards Fancy Lace Paper, rlr'
assorted colors, at
10 yard Lace Paper, best grade, Cn
assorted colors, at - V.
24 sheets S4xM In. plain white CP
Pholf Paper
Monday and Tuesday only.
BTATIONEKY MAIN FLOOR,
The Schiller Centenary.
jit
Johann Chrtstoph Friedrkh Von
SrJiilkr, the ipeat yoft of the German
Fatherlund, tea ooro at Narbach,
Wurtemliurp Km: 10th, V'9. lie
died at Wtimar May 9th, 1805.
The one-hundredth anniversary
of his death lila centenary falls
on Tuesday, May 9.
Msgnlflcent Display of Handsome,
Durable, Faithful Schiller Busts,
Imitation brooM. 50 values
Monday and Tuesday, f "7 C
each 1. J
ART SECOND FLOOR
each . .
Beautiful Ioga China Vases best we have erer Been for long stem
powers each. ..
SECOND FLOOR.
.M
.87c
ART MONEY-SAVING SALES
Bargain Tables of New Framed Pictures latest spring design
suitable for any room In the household Sc, 79c, 12sC
C bc, .c. inc. Me, Soo and " z.
Uncalled tor and slightly damaged Pictures 200 Of them to b
closed out quickly values up to 13. W all KOc
at en price J-v
PyroiJra.phy Money Sa.vin
12-inch Circle Panels.
regularly 46c. Monday'
1x18 Oval Panels, reg
ularly Sec, Monday.
65c
Photo Boxes. 1
regular 9uc. Monday..
Handkerchief Boxes, '5f'
regularly 60c. Monday"""
t-lnch Circle Panels, Cr
regularly 25c, Monday. 'u
10-lneh Circle Panels, Ofi-t
saw
reeularlv 25c. Monday '
Cxi!) Dutch Boys and Girls, regularly I
Monday
15xL1 Oval Panels, rsg
ularly S5c. Monday.,
lOxJti Japanese Panels,
regularly i. Atonaay.
DO,
7xlM4 Panels, regularly 35c
Monday a
30c
48c
60c
69c
20c
23c
Artist Na.terio.1 Savings
9c 1
Fresh Tube Paints,
for water Color...
15e Wster Color
Paper
U K China
Pnl.ttM
JUST IN FRESH SVPPLY OF HASBURG'S GOLD.
P1CTURIS FRAMING. NOT O.NLI IXJNK
PEHTL.Y, BUi' V iKX MUNfeX-8AV1NULY.
Curtaii Section
. THII'D FLOOR.
A' PPI2CIAL LOT OF LACE
CURTAINS WOliTH ?3.r0
I'AIH, MONDAY f Aft
ONLY Pair Iff J
The last of our Odd' Lace Cur
tains at "one price C
each
Special Sale Monday
Linoleum and Matting
rr.d42c
12c
Regular 50c, 60c
155c Linoleum, at
Regular 18c and 20c
Matting, at
Remnants of "Brussels and Vel
vet Carpets, at 7oc,
60c and
Don't miss weeing tin? goods.
50c
0)
J2
T7V
H " H
Green Trading Stamps all the Time
t7
v " 1
Screea Doors, Screen Windows
Screen Wire and Screen Hinges
Year Mon-y1 Wsrth Every Time
i.i Bjnnstt a uracsry.
Bennetfa Big Grocery.
Forty (I4.C0) Green Tmdlng Stamps with snck 1 75
Bennett's Excelsior Fluur '. mtMtJ
25c
28c
12AC
. 50c
50c
18c
5c
121c
25c
"25c
r uiy ureen rrsdme Btantps with ln
pounds Inrge Muscatel Raisins
Twenty Orcrn Trading Stamps with pound
package Bennett's Capitol Coffee .'
Pear Special pc.".!n..r:'.p:..t.'.?.un.d
Fifteen (Jl.Sn) Green Trading Stamps with fivs "
cans solid Tomatoes
Fifteen 1.50 Uren Trading Stamps with five
cans splendid Corn
Ten (1.0o Green Trnding Stamps with two sans
Omar Baked Rean
California Raisins,
pound
Peach Special) PcBnh..!n.."..th.r"r.?".n.d..
Fifteen (1.50) Green Trading Btamps'wHh three-'
pound Jar Cottage Apple Butter
Ten ($1.00) Green Trading Stamps with eight
bars Bennett's Bargain Soap
MOKV SAVERS.
HQ. I Palette Knives.
VOki I regular 'Jar. for...
15c '
19c 2p
Flower Seedt,
pacKage
Vegetable Eeeds,
package
Grape-Nuts.
package
Klce, pound...,..,
2hc
24c
10c
5C
1
Early Summer Millinery
THERE'S BUT OXB OPINION GIVBN UTTERANCE TO BY THE THOROUGHLY
INFORMED IT IS THAT BENNETT'S MILLINERY IS
'WAY AHEAD OF ANY OTHER MILLiIKHKx IN H'JtiJfl WiSSX
WAY AHEAD IN DEPARTMENT ARRANGEMENTS
WAY AHEAD IN BIGHT ACCESSIBILITIES
'WAY AHEAD IN IMMENSITY AND VARIETY OF STOCKS
WAY AHEAD IN STYLE-VALUE. ST 1LJ5-AUV1U1S A.MJ SAL;S-l?XELiaUi:Ulfi.
It's number one a an exposition of 1905 Art -Millinery. Here you have the hat for any
and everr occasion morning, afternoon, evening, heyday, holiday, Sunday, or Saturday
at a lees price, Talue considered, and In a wider field of choice, than the "Elsewheres" of Omaha' can offer.
REMARKABLE VALUES IN UNTRIMMEbillATS
Rotiph, Bmart Straw Hata, Turbans and Dress Shapes, In cham- fO
pacoe, nary, brown and black 08c values; for. ........... ..T J M
STREET HATS! STREET HATS!
FOU EARLY SUMMEU WEAR FOR EARLY SUMMER WEAR,
Sailor shapes predominating, strictly new Ideas, charming colorings and. ,
embellishments the triumph of Art Millinery at modest Jl f
price-lignrlng .... ; '
Sailor abapes, more elaborate trimming, at.. . $2.49
PATTERN HATS! PATTERN HATS!
Two special lines from a prom inent pattern hat house- Jtats in
high-class street effects, demirdress effects and other elaborately
trimmed creations; colorings and materials are dainty,
exquisite and all fine quality; a large variety of these and every thread of ma
terial stricdv new, value vp to $15.00 Monday for $6.9S and
The Trimmings The Trimmings
TAiitKinn Ribbona. No. 40. 19c values. Monday for......-...... 12lc
Kk ML for .......... .............. 15c &
Flowers and Foliage, up from, per bunch... 10c ;
SEE THE WINDOWS VISIT THE GREAT WEST'S GREATEST MILLINERY a
BENNETT'S SECOND FLOOR.
. Ill W M II flSSJ
i; 1
Oil Sardines.
can
Rex Lye,
can
Pyramid Washing
Powder, pkg
Castile Soap,
- cake
. 4c
5c
21c
24c
1 vl i r ' r" f'V-,'.
iilt,, .-v- 1 .. : j. i V'r It
Thirty (3.00) Green Trading Stanips
M'ith Screen Door, painted 71.
green OC
Thirty (f3.00) Green Trading Stamps
with Screen Door, y QO
natural ,OC
Thirty (f3.00) Green Trading Stanips
with ScrrH'n Door, hard oil f J C
finish IsaWvF
Thirty (?3.00) Green TradiDg Stamps
1.50
with Screen Door, hard oil
finish
Thirty 3.00) Green Trnding Stamps with
special heavy Screen Door, hard 1 H E
oil finish ' .. .I, J
(Above in all regular sizes.)
Twenty (2.x) Oreeu Trading Stamps f f
with any Screen Window, up from ....IOC
Double Green Trading Stamps with Screen
wire, best quality, per square
foot
Ten ($1.00 Green Trading Stamps
with Spring Hinges and Screws
Ten ($1.00) Green Trading Stamps with
all steel Spring Hinges and Screws.. .
HARDWARE BASEMENT
Ik
12c
15c
it j-
BENNETTS CANDY
SECTION
Stick Candy Special.
Large sticks, assorted flavors.
Three sticks 1 0
for ..-.. XJ
Fifteen sticks fin
for Uly
Japanese Confection, Kp
iur iinlr ........
A
2.25
CIGARS
Mill Town, a hand-made long filled
2 for 5c Stogie, 1(H) for
Forty-five ($4.50) Green Trading Stamps.
Margaret May, a good 5c Cigar, 1 A(
long filled 00 for A.'xU
- Thirty-flTa ($3.50) Green Trading Stamps.
Thick Stronghold Chewing Tobacco, I ACn
one pound for MaLi
Twenty $2.00) Green Trading Stamps.
Genuine Copenhagen Seal brand and Scotch Snuff.
Bring Your
Prescriptions
To Our Drug Section
for Accurate Filling.
Satisfaction a Certainty.
Southeast Corner, Main Floor
IT IS AN
Oxford Season
Dorothy Dodd
Oxfords
Fitsnuglyaroiincl tie
ankles, over the instep
under the arch no
slippi7ig at the heel, no
pumping for tlie wear
ers of Dorothy Dodds.
Blucher and Gibson shapes,
lace and buttons high heels
and low, rnedium and. light
weight soles, all shades of tan,
all styles of hid and calf.
$3.00 $2.50
ENAMELED IRON BEDS
UNDERPRICED FOR MONDAY'S SELLING
.1.49
3.95
5.95
$2.25 values, neat design, thoroughly braced,
at
$5.50 value, continuous post, well '
finished, at..
$7.50 ralue, continuous post, extended C A C
foot, end, at
$85 Talue, handsome design, brass -spindles,
head and' foot end, at .... . . .
$10.00 value, continuous post,' heavy filling, f
- extended foot end, at. . . . : . t, . . r.'..0JU
$li.00 valne, artlstie design, extra heavy filling, 7
brass spindles; at........
$12-00 valne. heavy continuous post, with brass Q C
.spindles head and foot at .O0
$15.00 value, 4nasslve conunuous post, colonial f f ) C
pattern, at ...vl.a2i
$18.00 value, lVa lncb continuous post, heavy
-iuc iuuug, ueauurui aesign, at
14.95
FURNITURE ftrd FLOOR.
Arts and Crafts Furniture
Specially Priced for Monday
$6.50 Weathered Oak Magazine Rack, .
$4.no weathered Oak Desk Chair, box con- f C
struction, at
ij.oo ai eatbercd Oak W rltlng Table, mis- O CI C
slon style, at . . ZJ.ZJ
$12.85 Weathered Oak Rocker, with laced CI CI C
. leather cushions, at. ..JJO
$18.00 Weathered Oak Arm Chair, laced " leather
cushions, scat and back, massive frame, (J
$2X0 Weathered Oak Foot Stool, genuine f J A
leather top, mission stylo, at , :. . ..I.t J
$125.00 Mission pining Room Set, finished weathered,
consists of extension table, china closet, buffet.
serving table, o leather seat chairs, and CI C H A
J. II l
one arm chair, at.
Clothing Section p
Wonderful Sale We
Saturday.
Thanks to the Public
One of our houses Bennett's Lapel Clothing was late in deliveries, so we got a con
cession and here's where you benefit. Monday A. M.
Any Suit worth f 15.00 7 7?! Any Suit worth ?20 0
for S t 9 j for ,
LITTLE GENTS' SUITS
LADIES 3 to 16 Here's a saving, and think of the Stamps.
To close them out quickly.-............'......
v Two hundred and 'fifty ($25.00) Green Trading Stamps.
We still have some of those collar-attached
Shirts that we intend to. close
out Monday, at
Fifty ($5.00) Green Trading Stamps. -Our
line of $1.50 White Stiff Shirts 'fj r '
to close, at. '.ZrdC
Fifty ($5.00) Green Trading Stamps.
69c
-worth
11.75
2.95
75c
Muslin Yight Shirts
$1.00, at
Thirty (J3.C0) Grn Trading Stamps
MONDAY ONLY Twenty ($2.00) Green
Trading Stamps with any garment of
Underwear,
at :
Twenty (M.00) Green Trading Stamps.
""""Nllliiiiiirawilllliriliriiiimni unfll I'll III1 aemJttSMlmtmUUiSSr
50c
SERIOUS LABOR PROXLEM
Bigninoftnca of the Struggle .Tor, and
Against the Opon Shop.
EXCESSES OF UNIONS AND EMPLOYERS
Af(mti ( thm Ca4BiaT Frcs
' Vik4 y IaaaUU-tlaJ Crltto
iMlsratloa s Futoi
ta h ControYeray.
Cms of tha createat industrial conflicts et
rectnt yaars U now belns waaad la Chi
cago over the question ot tha "open shop,"
At least, that la what the employers de
clare to be the lasue, and, while It Is not(
strictly true as regarda the tearostera, it is
true of the original cauae of the disturb
ance the strike of the garment worker.
It was a dcalre on the part ot th Na
tional Wholesale Tailors' association to ea
tabllaa the open ahop la the clothing in
dustry that led to the original au'ike.
While the issue is prominently before the
public a scientific dl&cuaniou ot the causes
' ot the union shop policy will prgve Inter
esting. Prof. John R. Commons of the University
of Wisconsin, recognised as one of the best
authorities on this subject in this country,
has made an extended study ot labor
unions for years and Is now occupied in
writing a history ot them.
Vrot. Commons recently delivered a lec
ture on the open ahop before the American
Koonenilc association, ajid his paper has
beem reprinted from the prooeedingt of that
meeting. Space her will not allow ot the
patr'a being printed in full, but it has
been condensed and reprinted from the Chi
cago Inter Ocean, and will be found worthy
of careful consideration, both by employers
ud unionists.
Prof. Commons article la as followa:
The oien shop controversy, in its ex
treme form, is peculiar to America. The
British labor delegates, two years ago, were
surprised to see the bitterness of the Amer
lean, unionist toward the "scab." This
feeling Las its roots in conditions and his
tory peculiar to this country. For three
geaeraUous the Americas worklngmsa Uas
been taught that the nation 'was deeply '
concerned in maintaining for him a high 1
standard of living. Free traders objected
that manufacturers would not pay higher
wages, even If protected. Horace Greeley,
who, as much as any other man, com
mended the "American system" to wage
earners, admitted the force of the objec
tion, but be held that socialism, or, as he
called It, "association," would share the
benefits of the tariff with them. But this
must come through the workmen them
selves. Some of them tried it. The com
munistic experiment tailed. They tried co
operation, education, politics. Neither did
theso seem to reach tha high alms of pro
tection. ' Ueanwhlle they were discovering
the power of the strike. By this kind of
association those who could hold together
found themselves actually sharing the bene
fits of protection which Greeley mistakenly
predicted for his fantastic kind of associa
tion.
Teaaaterarr Gaiaa froaa Strike.
But the rains from strikes were tempo
rary. The federal lawa which protectee
manufacturers against the products of for
eign labor permitted them to import the
foreigners themselves. In many cases
strikes were defeated by the immigrants,
snd in many more carts the immigrants
went Into the shops to share the gains
won by the strikers, or gradually to dis
place them with their lower standards ot
living. With a unanimity never before
ahown the unions entered the political field
and got the Chinese exclusion acts and
the alien contract labor laws. These
theoretically rounded out the tariff sys
tem, and they somewhat lessened the pres
sure on the skilled tradea But the
amount of immigration Itself was not lea
aened. Rather have the laws been evaded
and the Influx has swollen greater than be
fore; while the sources have shifted to still
lower standards ot lifeA By a minute di
vision of labor and nearly automatic ma
chinery unknown in any other country,
the skilled trcde were split Into simple
operations and placea created for the un
skilled Immigrants. The strike thus seemed
likely to lose persnactnt result. The
unions were unable In politics further to
check Immigration. Indorsing the tariff
on products as a neoeacary first step they
were left to enact their own tariff on
labor. The sympathies of the American
public were with them, but these sympa
thies, lacking the historical sense, have re
cently somewhat declined, when It is found
that the union theory is that of protection
and not that of tree trade. The British
unions are protected by long periods . ot
apprenticeship. The nonunlonlst Is only
another Englishman who can be talked to,
and whose class feelings are strong and
Identical with those of the unionist. The
employers are not protected by a tariff,
neither have they Imported foreign work
men. 'Division' of labor Is not minute, and
the skilled workman is not directly men
aced by the unskilled. But' the American
unions have rery little industrial or racial
protection. Apprenticeship is gone, except
ss enforced by them against the protests
of their employers. ' In order to enforce
this and other measures needed to keep ,
wages above the market rate,. the unions
found themselves compelled to enforce the
rule that no one should enter the shop ex
cept through the union. Without this rule
their efforts were nullified.
A Change ef Meaalar
A curious flank movement has taken
place In the use of the terms "closed" and
open" shop. As the unions originally em
ployed the terms, a closed shop was one
which wss boycotted or on strike, and In
which consequently the union forbade Its
members to work. An open shop was one
where union men were, permitted by the
union to get employment If they could.
To declare a shop open was equivalent to
calling oft a strike and boycott. The
terms ss now defined are different. The
closed shop. Instead of being nonunion. Is
the union shop. And the open shop Is de
clared open by the employer to admit
nonunlonlst, - and not by the union to
unionists.
The contention of soma union defenders
that the term "cloeed shop" is a misnomer
I do not agree with, if Its use is limited as
here proposed. They say it is not closed,
bees use any competent man can get into it
by joining the union. What they really
mean is that the union la aa open unljo,
but this is another question, and an Im
portant one. Much can be said for s close!
shop If the union Is open, but a closed h o
with a closed - union cannot be defend!.
The use of the terms above proposed wakes
it possible to -draw thee essential die
Unctions and to discuss each, separate
question Of fact by Itself and on Ms merits.
Theso three conditions, I think have been
found eer.tlal In most open shop agre
ments that have lasted for any length of
time, namely, a strong and well disposed
association on each side, tfie same scale of
work and wages for unionists nonunlon
lst, and the reference of all unsettled com
plaints sgalnst either unionist or nonunion
lot to a Joint conference ot the officers ef
the union and the association.
Vaiona fat Bell-Defease.
In describing these conditions I bare in
dicated, conversely, certain conditions un
der which the' union Is forced in self-protection
to stand for the closed shop.. Such
cases are those - where there is no em
ployers' association, or where tha em
ployers" association cannot control all of
its members or all ot the Industry, or. where
the association is hostile or has a menacing, j
hostile element within It, as, for example,
when it does not Insist that Its nonunion
or open shop members shall pay the union
scale. In these cases tha maintenance of
the scale and tha life ot the union depend
on maintaining the' union shop. Whether
it shall be a closed shop or not, I. e..
whether it shall be unionised by a con
tract in which the employer binds himself
to employ only union men. and becomes,
as it were, a union organiser, or whether.
as far aa the agreement is concerned, 'It
shall be an open shop, depends on circum
stances, and the same union will be found
practicing both methods, according to tho
locality or shop.
The closed shop contract has recently been
attacked in the courts, and In some cases
overthrown, on the ground of Illegality.
Without branching Into that side of the ques
tion, It should be noted In passing thst such
a contract usually carries a consideration.
If the union has a. label protected by law
this Is a valuable consideration which the
employer cannot be expected to enjoy unless
be sgrses to employ only union men, and
consequently all label agreements of the
garment workers,' brewery, workers, boot
and . shoe workers and others are closed
shop agreements. However, the msin con
slderation to the employer is the enlist
ment of a responsible national authority on
.the part of the union to compel the local
union or shop to fulfill Its side ot the agree
ment. The local union Is moved by per
on! feelings, but the national officers
have wider responaibllitles and a more per
manent Interest In living close to the let
ter and the spirit of tha agreamaoia. TW
Is the consideration distinctly stated in the
agreements of the Typographical union
with the Newspaper Publishers' association,
several of whose members have nonunion
or open shops, .it being sgreed that the na
tional union will underwrite every closed
shop agreement made by a publisher with a
local union. The same consideration is
found In the 'longshoremen's agreements,
in. all label agreements, and though not
always expressly stipulated, it Is under-,
stood to exist, more or less, in all agree
ments, whether actually underwritten by
the national officers or not. If the employer
wlsls the national union to be responsible
for Its local members he logically will agree
to employ only members of the union. The
open' shop, by the very terms of the con
tract, leaves It to the employer to enforce
the agreement by hiring nonunion men, but
the closed shop makes the national union
responsible by requiring It to discipline the
local union or even to furnish other union
men. It Is this consideration, more than
anything else, that has led the stove
founders and other employers', associations,.
under open shop agreements, to watch
without protest the gradual unionising of
nine-tenths of their shops.
Two Araraasewta Cemaldered.
There is no doubt thst the object, which
all unlonls aim to reach Is the complete
unionising of the trade. In support of this
there are two kinds of arguments, one of
which I should call sentimental, the other
economic or easentlal. Certain of the eco
nomic arguments ' I bsve - Just Indicated.
But there are some places where these do
not apply, and a union which relies solely
on a sentimental argument cannot win th
aupport ot the public-which eventually
makes the laws and guides the decisions.
This sentimental argument holds that he
who is benefited should bear his share of
the exjienses of the benefactor. The union
which rsises wages and shortens hours
should be supported" by all whose wages
and hours fro bettered, and ttie'honunlon'
1st. because he refuses support, should be
shut out from employment.
Aa argument -like this, If not backed by
an evident necessity, falls under attack.
Buch 'is the case In government and mu
nicipal employment. The government fixes
a scale of wages. In the United States
this scale is considerably abov the scale
In similar private employment. Trade
unions bare -doubU takes tOS-Iaad In
establishing these favorable conditions, but
they really depend, not on unions, but on
politics. They-are the natural outcome of
universal suffrage and are not found to the
asms extent in countries or localities where
the labor, vote 'Is. weak, or labor is newly
enfranchised. . Forperly the .political party
filled ' such positions ' with Its partisans.
The situation' is no worse when the union
fills ' them ' with its ' member. But com
petitive civil : service, -, or . civil service re
form, t la. an advance: on-both partisanship
and Mnlonlsm. Government pays the scale
to all alike. - There1 Is no competition of
outsiders; to force It -down.' The state can
be. a model employer because its products
do not compete 'o the .market. The non
unionist or the'aggrersive employer Is not
a menace to the wages of government em
ployes. If the government should let out
Its work to the lowest bidder the union then
could maintain a scale only by the union
shop. But when the government hires Its
own workmen the union shop Is not needed.
A strike would be absurd and the appeal
for fair wages must be made to the people
at large, through their representatives.
The appeal Is ethical and political, and not
to the Judgment of a strike, and such an
appeal is stronger when tree from the onus
of an exclusive privilege.
Isasalaratlos) sis a Ka'elor.
In the clothing trades the aiwaatnhop Is
simply the open shop, for the sweatshop Is
the small ' contractor with fresh immi
grants, long hours snd mltfute division of
labor, crowding Into the market and un
derselling the shops where , wages, hours
and conditions are better. 8uch would un
questionably have been tha outcome in the
building trades had the unions not been
able to enforce the closed shop. No
amount of good will on the part of cloth
ing manufacturers or master builders could
stand against a market menaced with the
product of open shops. It wss through
the open shop thst the American born
tailor was displaced by the Ir'sh and Ger
man tailor; that the Irish and Go-man wer
displaced by the Jew snd by Polish wo
men, and that the Jew is now hieing dis
placed by the Italian. In the building
tndes - the Irish, German and American
have stopped tils displacement by mesne
of the closed shop. Tha Jew Is vainly try.
Ing to stop It, and the Scandinavian In
Chicago-until recently bad stopped It In one
branch of tho clothing trade. Koch dis
placement has substituted a race with a
lower ptandard of living. As soon as a
race begins to be Americanised snd to de
mand a higher standard, another still
lower standard comes in through the open
shop. This is the history of many Amer
ican industries. Whether the conditions In
the clothing trade are preferable for the
American nation than conditions In Jhe
building trades Is a question open for dif
ferences of opinion. The differences, how
ever, are not apparent among the work
men in' those trades. The Immigrant, tha
manufacturer, the consumer, may hold a
different view, but. if so. It should be un
derstood that the question In dispute , Is
that of the wages of those workmen- As
things are, the unlon shop or closed shop
Is the wage-earners' necessary means; to
that end. .
That there are many serious problems
springing from labor unions is evident.
But they would properly be discursed Un
der other headings. The present discus
sion Is not merely of their good or bat
methods it is of their existence and their
power to raise wages. Under a different
order of industry or a socialistic policy ot
government unions might be superfluous.
Their existence and their methods arts
from the nature of the Industry and tha
attitude of employers. A method neces
sary In the building trades or coal mines
may be superfluous on the railroad. Their
methods also arise from the universal
human struggle for power. Ko Institution
or Individual can be trusted with abso
lute power. Constitutional government is
a device of checks and balances. Em
ployers' associations are Just as necessary
to restrain labor unions, and Ub .r unions
to restrain employers' associations, as tha
two houses of corgres. a supreme court, a
president and political parties to restrain
social claswes. Progress does not come
when one association destroys the other,
but when one axsoriatlon destroys the ex
cesses of the other.
Several Valuables Lt.
I, try Mehan. who halls from Ooldfleld.
Nev.. and who has been in Uraaha for
several dnya. says he has lout a pocket
book containing a ticket to St. Louis, i0
shares of slock In s at. Ixiuls batik and
numerous other articles of value which
h would like to have the police flaa fur
aim.