February 12, J 005.
THE OMAHA ILLUSTRATED BEE.
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On the Streets of Omaha in Record Breaking Below Zero Weather
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TUB HACK DRIVER.
. . . . THE MOTORJIA.V.
"Out In the cold world, out In the street, erics to give him ourceaee from labor In the delectable forty wlnka for them. They may
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Begflnif a penny from each One I meet."
HIS Is a story, of contrast, sharp
and well defined, over against the
proposition of the beggar out In
the street. It is not of the per
sons who seek a dele from each
one they meet. This Is a passing study of
"the hustlers "out In the cold world," who
'echo the laugh of hope. with high defiance
to ; everything that untoward fate may
threaten or 111 luck promise. Now and anon
It la not .unprofitable to, fix the thought
of the half that does not know how the
other half lives on the stout-hearted folk
who carry light concern for the struggle
to which they are committed by choice or
circumstance.-' The example should be
worth much to people Inclined to ease, to
walking on the sunny side and to setting
careful foot oily on the high places. Let
us make a round of visits to those who
exemplify In themselves that happiness la
only a relative term and who dally prove
that "a light heart Uvea long." ,
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, Some Who Are Oat Betimes:
Early risers for one cause or another
-Of times meet or see busy youngsters plod- '
ding along' with pack on hip. They are
the human messengers of the world gird
ling foroe which brings to the breakfast '
table what tyrants order or traitors plan;
the mirage of foreign marriages or minis
terial misery; pictures of the victories of
peace or the weltering work of war. When
, the mercury has gone far toward the limit
Of -cold the newsboy lay as early afoot as
when the lark sings loud and high. Di
minutive bodies carry strong hearts and
slender limbs are tough for service. Many
a weary round is finished, many an humble
morning repast 'eaten and many a study
of lessons under way before the folks the
newsboy serves are yet ready' to open the
newspaper he has folded, counted arfd car
ried to scattered homes In the freezing
hours of dawn. The all-night policeman
knows him, the people at home love him.
Kortuno Is his when opportunity offers In
man's estate. He Is the avaunt courier
Jot high emprise; as careless of rain, sleet,
1 v 3iiow and frost as he Is falthf (il to the
route ne serves, yuletly tie comes and
if-oes. He will make a noise later on.
If you are waiting for the fire to klndU
up . with generous warmth, take note of
the man In the milk wagon. At the time
when sleep lies heaviest on the eyelids he
Is standing up ready to go to the barn
and take from the patlvnt cow her lacteal
richness. "Many a little makes a muckle"
In his business. It requires many dcllv-
cold. In . the interim between dawn 1 and
dunk he Is busy preparing for the trip
that ends not until lie drives home -with
the darkness to do, the chores that keep
him out of bed when only the stars are
. on watoh.
You need provender to restock the family
larder. Here comes the grocer's and the
baker's man and the ffost-pluined ' envoy
of. the meat trust No dallying with the
hardly giving consideration to the degreo
of cold, for discontent lies that way. Most
unprejudiced and serviceable of the middlemen,-
to serve best their employers
means the Ignoring of the weather condi
tions ti.at would discourage nine-tenths
of those who hear their hustling feet.
Clocks mean little in their count of time;
only the demands of business govern. They
see the lamplighter quench the corner bea-
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THE rATER, CARRIER.
THE NEWSBOY.
eon; they note his passing round to light
it again.
CosT n ' Civilisation's Machine.
When waiting for a car In the early
morning and kicking smooth a foot-place
with Impatience, mark the rough-clad man
who drives up throws out a hitching weight
and blankets his horse, and takes station
to wait the .customer who wants a service
In the hauling line. The expressman and
his animal have passed the days of beauty
and of buoyancy, but they are a cog In
the great wheel of human endoavor whose
absence would bo felt. It Is cold. Indeed,
when they fall to get into the line of use
fulness on the street. Whatever may come
Is thankfully set about, and self-respect
stifles any hint of a whimper.
Pale faced brewers work In a damp
warmth that Is inseparable from the heat
ing of malt and the brewing of beer. Their
third hand, the beer driver, ruddy faced,
pillar limbed and leather fronted, spins
merrily through the . coldest atmosphere,
bringing to thirsty thousands the amber
brew that gains the bank account which
.builds great plants and pays the weekly
wage that keeps scores of homes In com-'
fort. Their busy time Is short, but their
work Is heavy. If zest come to their
pleasures they have won Its favor In the
expenditure of bodily muscle and brawn.
Rough bookkeeping there Is,' too enough
of it to make them realize that fingers
stiffen In the wrestle with Jack Frost.
And if an ear freeze, take a hair of the
dog that bit you and rub It to a normal
size and .condition again.
Having a large lot and a proud front
age, hero comes relief on a snowy morning.
Your perplexity Is another man's chance.
He will shovel the snow for a pittance
while you view the frosty prospect from the
warm side of the window. You wonder if
ho likes It, but you can't swear that he
doesn't as he shovels and sweeps and moves
cn to the next nedgbor's In search of an
other quarter. Bounding good health may
bo his, or may not; there are those at
home who await with more than pass
ing interest tho result of his cold canvass
for a chance to win the wherewith to sup
ply their needs.
When Affliction Drives.
Passing the corner of street or alley, note
the man with the crutch or the maimed
limb. He may be selling papers or shoe
laces, collar buttons and handy little knick
narks, but he Is cheerful and vigilant all
day long. Courtesy of the ver patient,
never falling kind Is his main leverage with
" THE EXPRESSMAN.
the public. Blow high or blow low,
whether the weather be Just nippy or cold
as Esqulmos. would object to, the street
corner salesman is chipper and catty. He
Is an optimist on whom the god of hope
has set his seal. His troubles he keeps to
himself, as a rule; and many a one of
these young and old men, supporting others
dependent on them, would freeze in their
tracks before pleading for charity. They
exercise the gifts that nature has bestowed
and mourn not with whining voice the ones
THE IJSTTER CARRIER.
withheld. There be heroes' hearts In many,
men like these.
Weather is trot for Them.
The plodding policeman, tho active news
boy, the street oar conductor, the trackman
of the city railway company, the. always
busy letter carrier covering miles with tire
less fctt and handling precious messages
with care, lessened not because of stiffened
fingers all these feel the keen sting of the
frost king's waves of cold In the service of
their various vocations. There la la.tlxein
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THT3 POUCBMAN.
THE KINDERQARTNER.
that quality of stubborn endurance .which
always marks tho mun or the race, fit to
sur'ive. 1
Racing over tho wind swept crossing,
have you ever cast an eye to the stalwart
man armed with the eieel weapons of the
knight of swift commerce? A coil of
wlro over his shoulder, nippers at belt and
rubber gloves 011 hands, he works away In
the teeth of the biting brcezo. His Is an
Important task indeed and his skill is
most largely in demand when roughest
weather prevails.
As the whistling train goes screaming
through tho nightr when tho sound of Its
rushing thunder Is borno far In the crisp
and chilling atmosphere, we may turn
over In bed In half drowsy comfort. But
how many will give a thought to the
englnemen and the brakemen? Keen-eyed,
alert and watchful, they nerve well the
sleeping traveler and make worth, clipping
the bond owned by the snugly ensconced, '
magnate, far away. Ho In days agone
may have faced the weather, too, and
those who now "rattle across meridian,
lines and down the parallels, 'play" Are
as full of high hope and courageous vim
as ever was man who gained fortune's
favors by duty well done In hours of
darkness and of fierce test. As they feel
their way along through stress of cold
and blinding weight of storm, they catch
glimpses of those other heroes of the rough
life, the track walkers and section men.
The worst weather Is their time of most
responsible endeavor. From division su
perintendent to the man who draws $1.10
a day, tales of shirking in these ' ranks
are rare exception.
Let blizzards screech their loudest, and
above their howling and roaring will be
heard the rattlo of tho black diamonds as
coal wagon drivers All tho bins In cot
tage and In mansion. Late delivery Is
better than none at ail,' and many an
hour of rest Is lort by tho coal heavers
who court tho blasts of winter on thn
high seats of the fuel dealer's wagons
from early dawn till late at night. "A
man's a man for a' that; the ragged coat
and a' that."
Tho outdoor life n winter is perforce a
hard life; but there Is happiness In degree
in it for men of sturdy grit and grain.
They will be found to Contribute In large
measure to the general comfort and to
deserve well of those who perhaps give
them all' too little consideration. Here's
to them all, ind may their hours of re.
pose bring a satisfying share of warmth
and love and the Joy of family and home.
The Cotton Crop of the United States Will Be Six Billion Pounds
(Copyright, 1906, by Frank Q. Carpenter.)
Vnele 8am, Money Maker,
ASHINQTON, D. C. Feb. .-(Spe
cial Correspondence of The Bee.)
We raised enough cotton last
A year to mane a suit 01 domes
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for every man, woman and child
upon, earth. The crop Is estimated at 12,
000,000 bales, or, In other words, at ,000,
000,000 pounds. It will bring to the south
1460,000.000. More than 1300,000,000 worth of
' It will go across the water, and Its value
will return In hard gold dollars to . Uncle
Sam's pocketa The balance will be used
la oilr own factories, north and south. We
have now more than 1,500 cotton mills,
which annually eat up about 2,000,000,000
pounds .of cotton- They employ hundreds
of thousands of hands and make a prod
uct which sells for more than $300,000,000
per annum.
This gives some Idea of" what cotton
means to the United States. It is one of
our king crops, and the great money crop
of the south. If it can be Increased the
whole country will be the richer; if it falls
off we are that much the poorer. Within
the past few years the Agricultural de
partment has had Its scientists studying
ootton. It has established exDarimental
farms in different parts of the south. It
has the. best of farmers making experi
ments of their own in some sections, and
as a result It has made discoveries whereby
tt is said that . the product can be in
creased fully CO per cent without any ad
ditional expense except the cost of pick
ing. Uncle Sam Is new playing patriarchy He.
Is taking more care of his children than
. ever before. Through the great government
departments he is teaching them how to
save and Invest their money. A great
work of this kind is being done by the
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KBWxCOTTON PICKER THAT DOE8TKB WORK OT SIXTEEN MEN.
Agricultural department, and that espe
cially in the line of cotton raising. I had
a talk today with Dr. B. T. Galloway, who
has" spent years in the southern states
studying cotton and the possibility of In
creasing that crop by better methods of
cultivation. Dr. Galloway Is the chief of
the bureau of plant industry, and all his
work is done for the government. Said
he:
"The United States will always be the
chief cotton country of the world. Our
climate, and soil are Just fitted for cotton,
and we have recently Invented labor saving
machinery which will enable us to hold
this Industry against any nation on earth.
As It Is, the crop Is steadily growing. 1'nttl
the civil war we had never raised more
than 4,500,000 bales. In lb!)S we produced
more than twice that amount, and our
reports from the south now show that we
shall have more than 12,000,000 bales this
year. All the cotton raised br the world
does not figure up more tban 15,000,000 bale, .
1 so that three-fourths of all the cotton used
by man Is now raised life."
T .
Iuoreaalug Out Cotton.
"What is the department doing along
such lines?" I asked.
"It Is giving the planters of the south
object lessons. It Is showing them how t
fertilize and cultivate. It is making ex
periments in seed selecting, and it Is breed
ing better seed every year. We have 'ex
periment stations In all the i-otun states,
and we have already mudo un enormous
difference In the "amount of cotton grown.
The chief trouble with southern farmers
Is that they are one-crop farmers. They
work the coll with one crop until It In worn
out, and at (present the nverue yield of
cotton throughout the cotton belt is only
100 pounds to the acre. At the same time.
In the same region, some farmer .are get
ting as much as too to MO pounds per aere,
which at a value of t t enia a pound mean
an Increased profit of from f!7 to M per,
acre over their immediate, neighbors. This
comes from cultivating the land properly
snd sowing the right seed."
llvw Omm Man Made T,010.
"I have Just received a letter from Ter
rell, Tex.," continued Dr. Galloway, "which
shows what can be done by proper cultiva
tion. The cotton product of that region
has been steadily decreasing, owing to the
lack of fertilization and the boll weevil.
To show what might be done by better
farming the department organized a dem
onstration farm at that place. It got one
of the planters to set aside-twenty acres
for the purpose and to take charge of the
work. ' The farmers and business men
there became Interested In the subject.
They wanted the experiment tried, and
raised a purse of $700 to Insure the planter
against finy loss. The man planted - and
cultivated his twenty acres under the di
rection of the department and as a result
he not only made the full amount of $700,
which should have been his ordinary profit
upon that much land, but also $1,500 addi
tional. In other words, out of that twenty
acres he made $1,500 more than was made
out of any similar area in the cotton fields
adjoining him cultivated In the ordinary
way. He was so Impressed with this that
he planted 400 acres this year under, the
same management. He has kept, a strict
account of all his expenses. Including labor,
seed, picking, baling, stock feed and Inter
est on the value of his farm, and the entire
cost for the year has aggregated $6,744. As
a result he has made a crop of 245 bales
of cotton, which has already brought him
In $13,745, giving him a clear net profit of
$7,000. He has twenty bales yet to pick
and this will give him $1,000 more. At the
same time lands cultivated In the old way
have little more than paid their expenses."
"Where are you making experiments of
this kind, Dr. Galloway?"
''We are making them all over the south.
Our plans Involve the use of fertilizers and
the selection of seed. They include the
rotation of crops, the Introduction of legu
(Continued on Pago Eight.)
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MILX. AT COLUMBIA. 8. C, THAT COST A MILLION AND HALF,