10
CO-OPERATIVE HOMhBllLDlNii
Fullotin on BniHin ind Loin A?fciation
Ia?uid bj National LaboT Bnrosn.
PROGRESS IN THE PAST ELEVEN YEARS
"f lew f the Mont .oecefejl f'o
OprmflTF MoTpmriil In the
I nllrd States In.trnr.
lire ritntltloK.
and tho business confined to local associa
tion under wise restrictive laws.
Firm data supplied by nineteen states
wherein tate report nre mi!, It Is shown
that Investments In building .and loan as
sociations amount to over Vw.flno.flnO, or an
average slightly more than 110 pr capita,
and one person In every forty of the total
population of the nineteen ftate l an as
sociation member.
In 1vf-3 It was shown In the report then
published that the number of homea ac
quirer! by members averaged seventy-one
to each association, or a total of 413.719
homes acquired In a period estimated at
eleven years. Inducting the percentage of
docreaso In number of associations for the
habitants the greatest proportion of home t
omners contains also the greatest propur
tion of prosperous, contented and conserva
tive cltltens. Jn the testimony before the
Industrial commission It wss very stronglv
Impressed i.pon the commission that tne
Influence of these Institutions upon Indus
trial life was conservative, tending towarl
the prevention of disputes and strikes an;l
making for industrial peace. The home
owner aciiulros a real and tangible interest
In the community and Its welfare, aa well
as an Increased self-respt'Ct and more ele
vated moral standard. He rises as well
In the esteem of the community and, to a ,
cieeree st least, attains economic Ind- :
pendf-nce.
Whether the saving of a portion of his I
earnings he for the ultimate purchase of
a home or for some other purpose, the
Inculcation and encouragement of the
habit of saving In the workingman may bo
termed one of the beneficial results or
i yrnnt ngo the Department of Ia
. fini'ee the direction of Hon. Carroll l.
' riKbt, pub:ishd results of the first
investigation mido by the government of
the l.tnlm-es, methods and mrmtx rhlp of
binding nrd loan rfix in Hons In the
fnlted States. A supi le-nrr.tnry repe rt
covering til" years Wfl-IM inolus've I pub.
lhhsd In the NovomN r bulletin of the
Ilnrenn of T.nbcr. The compiler. O. W. W.
Jfar.er, associate editor .of bureau put Men
tions, preyrnts a comprehensive review of
fee progress of these Association fur the
period named, together with a comparative
exhll.lt of development In former periods.
Th report Is statistical and historical, nn
nlytlc and commendatory, and contains a
digest of stale laws governing their opera
tions, the vnrious systems In vogue, and
Illustrations of the manner of determining
and distributing profits.
The opening paragraph of the report de
clares that "no class of, provident Institu
tion In this country, perhaps, has con
tributed more largely than have building
and loan associations to the material wel
fare of that portion of our citizens de
pendent on a dally wage for snpport. In
cluding under this general title all those
Institutions having for their principal ob
jects tho encouragement of tho systematic
saving of small sums and the loaning of
money to their members for the purpose of
building homes, we have the most Impor
tant and successful example of co-operation
In the I'nlted Htatm." In support of this
unqualified Indorsement the report shows
5,351 associations In existence at the close
of 19"3, with total membership of 1,646.700,
and $fi0,000,ri(iO In assets.
Pennsylvania rnnks first, with 1.196 asso
ciations and 1118100,000 In osfrts; Ohio
comes next, with 731 associations and $101,
OCO.OOO In assets. New Jersey has 311 asso
ciations. New, York 300, Illinois 500. Indiana
T.Tft, Massachusetts 130, Iowa 72, Nebraska
fO. .', ' .
last eleven years from the home building - r"e, Jn""?" " ,l"B '"'".no..
to the ultimate value of his share ny
small and regular payments to his asso-
Weeillns: Ont Process.
In the eleven-year period covered by the
report the number of associations declined
from C.53S to 6,360, and the total assets In
creased from tr.30,000,000 to $1100,000.0(10. ?ha
high level In.agactfi was $6fi5,000.(XX) In lf97.
Tho decline since 1897 Is due to the collapse
of tho large national nmoeiatlons which
sought lo do business everywhere, to con
solidations and liquidation, nnd the conver
sion of tveral associations into trust com
panies, a practice common in Ohio. In Iowa
the number of nrsoclntlons decreased from
116 in 1S9C to 72 In 1903. and in the same
time the total assets fell from $11,800 000 to
$5,600,000. The failure of several associa
tions In Des Moines doing a national and
state-wide business cast Injurious odium
on the business aa a whole and brought
about searching stnte supervision and ex
cessive taxation. The conditions in Iowa
illustrate conditions In other state where
bogus associations organized for the benefit
of the managers were permitted to do a
wildcat business unrestrained. In striking
contrast with the conditions In Iowa and
adjoining states la the growth of the busi
ness In Nebraska. While the number of as
sociations decreased from 82 in 1894 to 60 in
1904, In the same time assets have Increased
from $3,800,000 to $6,200,000. Foreign associa
tions were excluded from Nebraska In 1S92
elation there follow, in a greater degree,
self-respect. Industry, temperance, frugal
ity, and many other qualities which .render
him of greater value as a citizen. The
opportunity for safe and profitable Invest
ment of small sums afforded by these co
operative Institutions and their careful and
economical management have undoubtedly
greatly encouraged this habit of saving
and all the good that results therefrom.
It must be conceded that the practical
operation of these Institutions for many
years has shown the feasibility and prac
ticability of the plans upon which these
operations are based. It Is believed that
the opportunity afforded In the way of
the secure Investment of small sums is n
Itself a tieneftt both to the Individual and
to the community. The extremely small
proportion of profits required for the ex-
enses of management In local building and
oan associations and the degree of safety
afforded to Investors combine to render
their services most valuable. It Is both
gratifying and encouraging to note that
the losses sustained by these sssoclatlons
by reason of Inadequate security are not
only infrequent but Inconsiderable. From
the report of the Department of Labor It la
ascertained that the total loss Incurred by
the 6.44" associations reporting as to losses
during their entire existence was less than
$50',i00, or an average of less than $100 for
each association. Surrounded as such In
stitutions are today by leeal restrictions
and regulations, and with the Increased ex
perience of ten years in their management
and operation. It Is safe to assume that
the associations In existence at the present
time would show even smaller losses than
those of a decade ago, and It Is Indeed
doubtful If any other class of financial In
stitutions has rendered such uniformly
I beneficial results to the wage worker or so
saving and home gaining.
Fa mUUs
record, the total approximates 790.000 homes
secured by members of building and loan
associations In twenty-two years.
I Popular Form of f o-Operatlon.
Commenting on the co-operative principles
. of associations, their methods, safeguards
and future prospects, the report says. In
i part:
j The wonderful growth of these Instltu-
I tions dJring the decade from lV"i to 1SW0
has been shown and it is not difficult to
' discover some of the many causes of their
i gie.it popularity and Increase in numerical
! an.l financial Importance. The feature of
, co-operation always appeals strongly to
I men of small means, enabling them when
I associated under Intelligent management to
i accomplish results impossible to the InUl-
vldual. ltiilldlng and Ixmn associations
were established as purely co-operative so
cieties and the accumulations of their mem
bers, which individually would have re
mained Idle ami unproductive, were united
and directed Into productive channels te
sulting ui large profits in which each mem
Imt shared in proportion to his Intel cc-t.
To the possibility of securing large profits
on small accumulations, coupled with the
greatest measure of Ilnanclal safety, is
doubtless due much of the early popularity
of these Institutions. Many forms of co
operation have failed to accomplish hoped
for results, but these Institutions have been
uniformly successful from their conception.
Democratic in their Influences, they pro
moted a strong fraternal fiellng among
their members, while the simplicity of their
methods rendered their ui ganlzation and
operation easy and safe. 1 hen, too, they
npienled most strongly to the prevalent
spirit of home building and home owning.
These and many other causes led to the
rapid organizing of thee institutions
throughout the country, and It Is probable
that by 1MI3 the field of operation had leen
quite fairly covered in many of the states.
To this fact and the growing competition
of savings banks and trust companies, as
well as to the changes In Industrial condi
tions, Is due to some extent at least the
cessation In their growth during the last
decade. Then. too. the success which had
attended their operations from the begin
ning finally resulted in the organization of
associations under their name, but lacking
the essential feature of co-operation. The
failure of u number of large institutions of
this character and the eonnequent financial
loss of their shareholders no doubt had a
certain unfavorable Influence which was
not dissipated for some years, when the ex
posure of their methods and the gradual
Increase of state activity in the way of
special legislation regulating the operations
of associations and the provision for oflicl il
supervision of their business nnd conduct,
made impossible the organization and op
eration of such institutions on other than
safe and equitable plans.
Local mid National Associations.
The terms local and national have been
used in connection wuh niese associations.
It la-comes necessary, mentions, at tnis
point to dellne clearly the meaning
of the two terms as applied to Ouilei
lng and loan associations. While the
business of thesej two classes of as
sentations is conducted In a general way
under substantially the same methods, the
local asHDciallou confines its operailun-s to u
siiiuil territory, while the nutionai operates
without relerence to ttw; remuence oi lt,s
share noldois or the locution ot tins propt-ny
m which loans are to bo made, the dis
tinction is a very important one. 'Ane
primitive assentation was purely local in
character and umbouled the Hue co-opeia-
tlve principle. Usually the members wire
persoiitui? itiieswii iw emit wurei ,, nuv , j oof
regular jiucj vuus l bwiiid ,wi,,vi... ... ".-
in the nelghboinooil to pay ineir uuea,
transact such otner bustiitrs as might be
necessary and discuss tho uffalrs oi their
usauclailon. Kiu ti member had in tills way
a thorough uudersuanuing' oi the a flans
and transactions ot the usuociaiion and
contributed his inlluence, knowledge ana
experience to lis succetw. . Its ollicers were
personally known, to each member, its ex
penses were smull, its loans were made to
members only and the value of the security
offered was readily ascertainable.
National associations, on the other hand,
occupy a broader field of operations. Un
der the plan usually adopteu they are ac
customed to go into dlfterent counties or
even states and ewlabuah bruncU associa
tions, each having pernaps its own board of
directors and oincers who are authorized
to sun stock, make loans and transact a
Keneral building and loan uuslnee-s, under
the approval of the central awoociatlon. In
1 e xerciMiig tiles powers they cannot avail
tncmselves of the active co-eperation on
oe) part of their members which is prac
.,ea by local associations, 'ihis, coup.ed
,:,h other causes, such us heavy expenses,
icsulting from the necessity of maintaining
munch otllces and the employment of sev
, ml aeta of orllcers. hlsli salaries. Incom
petent and pernups interested appraisers of
property upon winch loans are sought, anei
in soma cases dishonest admlniHtrution,
have in a number of Instances resulted in
heavy losses to those who have invested in
tins class of associations. The ruinous ex
perience met by these associations In their
earlier days has resulted in a more care
ful, conservative and economical manage
ment, and in many cases to some restric
tion as to the territory in which loans aro
made-. Under proper laws regulating, con
trolling and supervising tliesu associations,
as they are in force in many of the h tales,
there Is no doubt that they can renuer a
valuable service and preserve to some ex
tent the principles oi co-ope-ratlon which
have rendered the economic service of tnelr
prototypes so beneficent. It La ejulte clear,
however, that national associations are
compelled from their very nature to operate
under many disadvantages which are not
encountered by locals.
Management.
One of the greatesi essentials to success
in a bullunig una loan association is ihe
good management ot its business affair
iliu primal; tuualueialiuii i. oi cuuree, a
god plan, eeiuuuuie and (uir alike lo taj
borrower and nonoorrower, but an us.wcla
non operating unuer a Ihorougnly good
plan muy tall of success by reason of poor
management, 'the government and man
agement of the uftairs ot an associutiun
me usually reposed in a board ot directors,
composed ol the president of ths associa
tion, its treasurer, secretary, attorney and
a certain number of hs members. These
oflicers und other members of the board et
directors are elected by the shareholuers
at tnelr annual meeting and their terms of
ottlce vary according to the rules ot the
asociatioii. Th.s b.atd 1b charged with
the entire business management of the as
sociation. Upon it uevoHes the imp ji taut
duty or deciding upon security values us
the basis of the associations loans and
upon Us good Judgment, Intelligence, in
tegrity ana attention to duty deipeuds the
fcuTe-ly of the funds of the ossoc.ation, us
well as its prosperity. l-xiei lence in the
larger business affairs ot lue community
Is not so Important as willingness to give
the necessary time and attention to the
Miialler business affairs of the association.
(if the duties devolving on the various
members of this board not the hat im- Order of Gleaners
.jortant are thoBe of the secretary und of ; Independent Order of For
ilie attorney. The secretary is brought into i esters
user contact with the sliarenoldei tnan i ISew haigiuna (Jraer oi
SIGNS GRIPS AND PASSWORDS
Astonishing Growth of Fraternal So
cieties In Ten Tears What the
Figures show.
Every fifth man with whom you shake
hands in the United Slates and in British
Columbia Is a member of a secret organ
ization, counting out his possible college
fraternity.
Ten years ago a liberal estimate was one
man to every eight in secret orders.
At the present rate of growth in ths
United States and in British possessions
to the north the present ratio of one to
five may be three to five in 1914. For in
the United States, where the population
increases one-tenth in a decade, the figures
of the secret societies in ten years have
been almost doubled.
In the year 1904 the figures of the secret
orders, reported by the central organiza
tions, show a membership of 7,414,173.
In 1814 these figures, reported In the same
manner, showed a membership ot only
4,126,376.
Thus while the population of the United
States and Canada was increasing a pos
sible 20,000,000, the memberships In the se
cret societies were increasing nearly S,3o0,-
vlrtual doubling of these member
ships.
Considering these figures for ten years in
their application to the whole country,
there Is a striking comparison in the state
ment .that in the last year in Illinois the
Increase in the memberships of Masonic
lodges is greater than ever before in the
history of the state.
A tabulated statement of the member
ships in secret societies for 1S94 and for
1904 shows In detail where these gains have
come in for the secret orders. The table is
not completed as to all organizations in
detail, but the sums in total are as nearly
correct as may be possible:
1894.
Odd Fellows 'i4t),i4
Free Masons
Knights of Pythias 41J.W4
Ancient Order of United
Workmen 326,000
Junior order of United Me-
chanlcs r. 175,000
Improved Order of Red
ft'en 153,560
Knights of Honor lzy,l!l
Koyal Aicanum liJ.Uwj
Ancient Order of Hiber
nians of America 100,000
Ancient Order ol Foresters
of America 115,000
Knights of th Maccabees bo,33d
Kuignts and Ladies of
rlonos 73,000
1904.
l,itfu,749
fjDU.OUO
400,000
116,106
334,496
M.U.HI
271,974
145,000
221,974
3uu,441
Modern Woodmen of Amer
lea 85,ci7
Sons of Temperance ti,i)U3
American Legion of Honor ti.',3uS
Order of United Mechanic! 60,4o4
Ladles of the Maccabees
Knights of the Modern
Maccabees
Knights of Columbus 38,000
Ladies' Catholic lii'iuvu-
lent association
Knights of the Oilim
Kugle
Tribe of Ben Hur
Woodmen of the v oi id
Knights of Malta
Equitable Aid Union 37.4H0
National Union 34,ti8
Hoyal Templars of Tem
perance 27.311
Order of Chosen Friends... 41,274
Catholic Mutuul Benefit as
sociation 3S.O00
Benevolent and Protective
Order of Klks 35,000
Cathollo Benevolent Le
gion 32,000
Ancient Order of Forest
ers 30,428
Iindeipendent Order of
B'nai B'rith 30,000
Brotherhood of Railway
Trainmen 25,000
Cathollo Knights of Amer
ica 24,000
Order of United Friends .. 20,164
Order of the Golden Cross. 20,276
United Order of Pilgrim
Fathers 16,000
Ancient Order of Druids... 15,000
Improved Order of Hepso-
taphs 16,217
Order ot Eagles
Court of Honor
Protected Home Circle
B'rith Abraham Order
Brotherhood of American
Yeoman
73,000
711.923
34,it9
43,wi
13u,2ba
115,622
lJU.uwl
87,400
70.000
68,813
2ir.iN0
27.UU0
67,223
62,000
164,000
38,280
68.789
30,000
s any other omoer. in aau.tion to tlu
mitkkeeptng and the general management
.( the association, the routine business be
ween the shareholders and thee associa
tion, such as the payment of dues, etc., Is
conducted by him and upon Ids courtesy,
intslllgencs, knowledge eif human nature,
famt'iurlty with the affair of the ass ela
tion and readin.-ss In giving all necr.-sary
information hs to the uff ilrs and workings
of the association depend not only the sat
isfaction of the members of the ssoc a
tton, but also very often the acilon of
prospective shareholders. The Import-ems
of the duties of this officer are becoming
more and more recognized, and he Is con
seeiuently more adequately paid for his Im
portant services by ths associations of the
t 'resent time than was the case formerly,
'pon ths attorney devolves Important du
ties In connection with tne making of
loans on real estate, which constitutes the
greater part of an association's loHni. The
examination of the titles of properties upon
which loans have been asked, the preo-ra-tlon
of the legal papers secur'ng tfis loans
and the recording of ths same after exe
cution must bs done with the gre-itest
carefulness and Integrity. Upon his Judg
ment as to the validity and sufficiency of
the security offered for loans d-pei-ds the
safety of the funds of the sssoelntlon, and
upon his exnerlence and fimllla' I v w'lh
the laws and deel'lms relitlng to bulMinn
snd loin aseocl etiorn rest' Its ssfe'v 'ro-n
Ill-advised bgal controversies wh'ch may
prove hurtful to its Interests. Much de
pends also upon the regular auditing of
accounts, rf in g'Soelntlon, which I usually
performed nv a committee of the directors
appointed for that purpeiae.
Benefits Conferred.
First among the advantages conferred Is
that of providing a means whereby the
workingman may save for home bullfltng.
I It Is almost a truism to say thst the com
munity or slat eouutuig among its In-
67,255
67,0(0
66.449
65,0' K)
42,7tl
97.C4
37, 4 W
220,000
33,361
3lil',5!l2
Protection 14.996
Royal Society of Good
Fellows 11,065
Smaller organizations 190,ixi0
Totals 4.126,375 7.414.173
Some of the societies not mentioned in
the reports ten years ago are shown In
the reports of the rresent year as having
large memberships, while sme of those
making a showing at that time have dis
appeared altogether. At the head of the
list, however, the Odd Fellows, the Free
Masons and the Knights of Pythias show
where nearly 1,0,0,000 of the Increase In
membership has come.
Other fraternal organizations have out
grown these plrneers in secret order"
With ths accentuated insurance feature
of many of these, however, ths compare
sons are lost In great measure. Figure
for the Modern Woodmen of America in
dlcate a growth of more than 600,000 In
ten years; the Independent Order of For
esters is listed for the first time wltr
220.000 members; the Woodmen of th
World show ST17.000; Knights of the Mac
cabees show 160,000, and the Improved Or
der of Rod Men nearly 200,000, while In
the grouped "smaller organizations" the
Increase Is nearly 2u0,000 in ten years. Chi
cago Tribune.
i
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I
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:ARODA DmmomD CO. LEET
The opinion expressed by
an Illinois claimant of the
amters union
17 17
WALNUT, ILL, Dec. 2, 1904.
To the Bankers Union,' Omaha, Neb.
Gentlemen: 1 beg (o thank you for the
perfectly satisfactory settlement of my
claim in full arising under Policy No. 38,978
in your company, issued to my wife (now
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lent an insurance society.
(Signed) WM. SAMPLE.
D0CT
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This Institution has long; been established in Omaha for tho benefit of suf
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will find this Institute thoroughly reliable, different from other so-called Insti
tutes, medical concerns or specialists' companies. You aro Just as sate In
dealing with the State Medical Institute as with any STATE OR NATIONAL
BANK. We cure quickly, safely and thoroughly
Stricture, Varicocele, Emissions, Nervo-Sexua! Debility,
Impotency, Bio 3d Poison (Syphilis), Rectal,
Kidney and Urinary Diseases,
and all diseases nnd weaknesses of men due to Inheritance, evil habits self
abuse, excesses or the result of specillc or private diseases.
rnkilll TlTinil FBFF ,f vou cannot call write for symptom blank.
lUnoUL Iftliun rnut omco IIours-8 a. m. to 8 p.m. Sundays, 10 to 1 only.
STATE MEDICAL INSTITUTE
U0S FarnanSt.. Bit. 13th an J 14th MrAsti, Onshi. Ns.
mux in imm w
) t il
tHIS'J'.lWW
A "ki.lr Asv.r" ttikt f raw la popularity
NEWBRO'S HERPICIDE
Th. ORIGINAL r.mjdy that "kills tb. Dandruff Otrm '
GOING" I
GONE III
GOING- !
WWICIDEW1LLJAVE1T HERPICIDE WILL WE IT TOO LATE FOaHERPICHa
se-.uu unato.ny to know in.t tho oil,' irets
lta nourishment direct from th iuelr
papllla Therefore, the only rational tieat
ment is to destroy tha causa of ths dia
hm Harplrtelx does this; it cures dan
druff stops falling r",,r ''! rallevea Iteh
ing A de lhtful hair dratslng. Glvaa M
traordlnary results. Try It.
net Horn. It aa. leas Mc Suaiai Is IEMCIDI CO.. t. N. trl. Nr s uaiata.
BIIEKWAN & AtCONNKLL liRUd CO.. Hpolal Ajrnt.
AI-PLICATIONS 4T PROMINitNT HAHBKR SHOI'M.
Ncwbro'a llerplclda will not grow
hair nature doa this but by da, ray
ing tha mli rob o enrml-s of hir bealtn
the hair is loind to grow ns r.utu-a
Intended; except In chronlo baldna-s
It requires but a alight knowlrga of
TO THE TON
WE ARE SLUING COM.
Rock Springs, fep $7.40
Hanna,&prNUt S6.90
Pennsylvania Anjhraciia, Sll.00
Arkansas Anthracite S8.50
ALSO HAVE ALL THE CHEAPER
GRADES.
192 IZARD ST. TEL 23.09.75
EHHYROYALPlLLS
twr i It II lit-.' I KM
la 11 t.U 44hI1 tMt.li twi4
wth MM rtttma. 'J k olastve. ,ti
laBTrNC lHbUlUBia mm )alis
U. ty f fmmt rCflal. M mm4 4a M
l.M t artUats.P, TaMilaatUi
U4 ''peJiatf rW Uair, J r
tmrm Mail I TiHfciii,
mmm f run., i ra
"or Menstrual Suppression""....
fir; PliN - T A IN O OT
ld in eiui.li. y Hbrm . Mil oun.ll lru. C-x
Mali i4tn SlI.eL Twl . .rlli II . fci . I
' ti2
TKVTniMKtl IsM.
Lr.rn to opr.l. th flKur.. Uln4 ft.?.1!
ing. llfJh. Smlnl MMum.. In1ptnl
.tit HUM Wrltlna. Et . Vint, tud.r, I'll
Ull yuu how ll'f .11 4r,n.. Frid .i.niua.
llr. . . II t.'otl.
Wbeelcr lut Vnrt Warih fuu
