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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 25, 1904)
X rass or Fir P Ik "H V 1 1 1 in i tfi ill 6 n L y f ! h 4 il M U N 0 JaaiX'sJ '-4d Tt-lricrai'lt Vfrnnn Trlfiihonc, S THK te-'cgr.iph eloomed? This somewhat surprising question la rr-.tseel liy sump suggestive liguros which apronr In a recent Issue of the Klectllcal Kevlpvv rro .irilliiir the comparative growth of the triumph torviee of tbo world un',1 the use of the telephone. The telegraph is much ol.l-T than the telephone, y..t In this country tho latter is used till times where the ti le :raph is used unci', uml statistics show thut tin- ()f flip teb-graph is not ex tending. Figures lor the telegraph service Ihow that la 1W3 nearly 3S.ui:0,v mc-sisrs were sent In all countries, an avens.- of bout l.ooo.oeo messages a day. Great Itrit in is crcdite-d with thp sending of fO.lTI,- messages-, and the Cnited Plates com. -s Second ylth 91, 1311 0(0 messages. In T.h.j, for which thp telephone statistics- an- nvvil abie. tho number e.f messages transmit iiil In thp lilted States alime was moi- than l.tKXUXKMKO. The businc-ss has Increased f rprne ndoii!ly Kinpc then, while Hiiii.h pe.stal statistics Fhow that in V.tt there was a. falling nfr In the number of tel -grains Hiit in the I'nlted Kingdom of 2.7 p.-r cent from the previous year. There can bp no uietl-;n that the diminu tion of the usp of the telegraph is .'tiniest wholly dtiP to the increasing competition of the telephone. Tho Itcview attributes it In part to the great Industrial combinations. Th? greater convenience r.r the tel. , cap however, would make It a formidable com petitor of the telegraph under any condi tions. The installation of private and 1 ;e telephone systems in every large business stnblir.hme-nl, the increasing number of telephone companies and the Luil.'.ing of lines into the rural sections, have con tributed to mako the telephone almost uni versal, and there is very little inere.i--.ed buiirting of telegraph lines, these generally following the direct lines .r communication between business centers. In the develop ment of wireless telgraphy and with wire lers telephony expected in the near future It seems not unreawonal.de to expect that the telegraph will suffer from a still gre.iler competition, and that its Use will be more rul more restricted. It will be a long time, however, before the tilegrapli lines of tho country will be given up. The telo rraph serves an important uae, and has tome advantages over other method of communication which will continue to giv ii a long lire. The history of deve'opm. nt In the tele r-hono service has been the history of all large inventions. It started with the few who could afferd luxuries In their bu: ine--s unit now it, the fullness of time t Is j 't- tmi,' down to those of mo re moderate r F'.ure s, not as a luxury, hut a one . of en tile up-to-date couvecb uces of life. Wh tho mowing machine was first put on market only fancy farmers used It, the but now it is as common ns the wagon th 't hauls the crop to the barn. Now that the telephone has come within reach of lla f irmer It meets needs thut w.re formerly hardly suspected. No class ran lind a mora general use for It. It brenks the iso aiiori mat nas neen so deadening an infliii In scattered communities. It Is a Brent lea in- dustrial convenience and a stimulator of sori..l Intercourse. It makes men rwin in- telligent and putdlc spirited citizens. L! js ton Transcript. An KcoBomleal Motor. A veritable spent, single phase motor la a new electrical invention. The aim of It Is to provide a motor which shall bj imp!e and economical in operation, to ob tain means for gh tng to it gradu il acceleration- and efficient spetd control an 1 t enable it plurality of motors to to govern-d from a single point at a d:s:niv from the.n. In order to do this the inventor contrived a special form of induced com pensated motor, which is oi the com mutator tpe, b-Ing provided with tw i eels of brushes, one set pb-.ced iu b:cIi m- 01 lcal lite. The brushes of the former set are connected, thus !o;mhig a short cir cuit, while to '.be latter set of l-ri; Ins is connected a source of electro troter fore.) variable at tvil! by means of a suitable controller. J'he furu tion of the controller is to supply to the latter set of brushes an electro motor force decreii-ing with the lncre:iso of sptd and to the st.itor term inals an il-etr.j motor force hiving niln itnuni value when the rotor Is stationary, aii'I increasing as the speed ito-:ea.-s. Th active ele. iro motor torecs tor both I he rotors find the states are obtained through the controller from taps on an auto-transformer connected across the i apply Lie. The rotor and stator windings foi.-i vir tually a series ciicait, but by iea:-o:i of the presciK e of the trat sfoi iner the le -tro motor force impressed Ufon the rotor must be. in time ph-ise wiUi that impu.-.cl upon the r-Litor. Chicago Tribune. Ulurm on 'lrattey l.lne. Installation of a buft'- t car n-rvi-'e was made last week on the lino of the Aurora, Kigin & Chicago railway, and is an Inno vation in electric, n.ilway travel. A buffet und chair car Is to le ad.ied to the trains running from Fifty-second avcim-' t i Wheoton, i'lcin, Aurora and Ititavii. "We uru coiiliibnt that, persons going to Vi'heaton or any of our other terinin.-.la wil. llnd it convenient to have supp T n board the train on the way home,'' saij Lt on Heinaid of tho tru.!Ile depart meat. 'I lie tOleclrlr Kiiglne, Although it lias been one of the greatest factors in the development of this country, the steam locomotive is doomed. That panting, pulling, screeching monster, bclch ir.g clouds if smoke and showering cin ders, must give way to the electric motor, without noise or dirt, for the transportation of tMjth freight and passenger trains. Years ago it was demonstrated 11. at for passenger traffic on short lines In den. ely populated districts electricity was in every way suiicrior to i-teatn as motive power. While reluctantly admitting thut fact, maniig.-rs of steam railways declared that for long-distance passc-rger trains and freight trains electric powr would le in adequate, excessive in cost and' tin rcfere, Impracticable. It was claimed th.-H until electricity could be geniratiHl without the Use of steam It would be more economical and efficient to uae stenm direct in engines. Actual tests made recently have demon strated that the cost of transortalion Is greater by the steam engine than by the electric engine. A steam train of five cars and a standard engine weighs X'm tons and will .'M'cnmmodaic 1w p--t.--pe?sgers. It us-, s nt full speed l,eo horse-power. The elec tric motor and four trailer cars welch -10 tons, seat tS't passengers and use 1,fll0 horse power. The electric train weighs less, uses h-ss horse -power, carries more passengers and foes faster. Some haif-dozen railways In this country have followed the it ad of the New York Central and arranged to use electric power on portions of their lines now being ( p- r atrd at a loss with stenm power. Iraelleal tests made on the Icknwanna and Wyom ing Valley rends, owned by the Wetlng hiuse company, show an economy of 30 per cent as compared with the steam sys tem Stinm railway manngers everywhere are exceedingly Interested In results being se cured on the llallston extension of the Schenectady railway, where cars are run with alternating current equipment, just perfected. The motors used can be run either from a ?,(W-vo!t alternating current, stepped down in the car to 1a volis. er from a liOO-vrrtt direct current. The elertrh: railway motors in general use are operated, ns is well known, by a direct current with a trolley voltage of about tiiiO volts. It Is claimed that the new motor, which can use direct cr alternating currents of widely varying voltage, has cleareil the way for the adoption of electric power for !i lit or heavy trains, freight or p.vserifc. r. en liiiistf any length - Chh ago Inter (lean. Trolley rml 'lrIn In ltliiilr?. An Interesting duel of methods Is to be fought In the Itronx between the New Haven and the Huckleberry railroad-; The p'.eam road is to le wbh tied to i Ir.ioks and swiit and fie pant tm ji- will le given to lie- Miburbs. llt.ide crossings will be al ollsheil and ample provision will be made for lb i-oinfort and safely of the pa-i-'iMii-iTS. To meet this great and model Improvement, the like of which wiil be in stalled on Long Island, some day. the Ilucklcl crry road wiil begin an expres.1 servie-o of trolley cars from New Hoehelle to the l'.ronx l'ark station of the Manhat tan lr.levated road, which will make but four Mops liroute, and will Insure a seat for every p issenger--for the present. I'.oth of these enterprises Illustrate the effi ct upf.n one n'oh-r of the i l r : n t newer methods of transit, nnd show what changes may he expected In the subutli-.u service ef nil the titles of the world within the next half century. Tho steam read has the best of It. at prerent. tt run.'ion Its own tracks insb ad of through the Ftreet, thereby securing speed and rifety and avoiding th" occasions for pub.'ie dis content which comp of the eenseh-ss uptear ings and downbeat Ires of the highways. In chtont to the maintenance of eb-efrlc r.iil w.)!'. Its rates are higher than those of the trolley, but those who use it syste matically are able to secure commutations that make them e ven lower, for some ears are to be avoided at any price. The train is spacious, well furnished ami comfoi table. The trolley car in the city often stands as a symbol of discomfort. The train roaches It-; destination at a given time. Nobody known when a tri lley e-ar will start or ar rive. Passengers by train wait for II In i clem and well warmed Mation. The troll-y passeng. r stands em the ope-n road in rain, rtii-t, wind and sneiw. A train may break down and other trains can be sitehed around It. A breakdown on a trolley sys tem stalls doyens of cars and forbids progress for hours. If trolley traffic Is greatly tei Increase, however, if it is to Include freight ss well ns passenger service, there must be n rad ical change In method, and that will aiTect its present prime advantage, namely, cheap npr'S In operation. Kor up to this time the trolley companies have held n childlike trust In their anility to convert to tlirir own us,, streets and highways- of the na tion. I'p to a i-, rlaiii limit this whs nat ural. So long as they fo'lowed In the lines of the old horse railroads tin re was no objection, itut on branching Into the country 11. ey still maintained the -right" to use, and In some cases monopolize tho roads, chopping shade trees, tearing up macadam proving, planting unsightly poles and destroying the pence of formerly at trae'tive neighborhoods. They have pushed the- public off from bridges that the public had built. They have Invail-d parks and village gre-ens and clanged their gongs at the doors of hospitals, sphools and chinches. This Is wrong. The trolley lino of the future must parallel the highways, not Mil them. It must be remembered that the trolley creates suburban population, and in that very fact crpates the need of ampler room for the earriagts, drays and automobiles of that population. Hence It must buy Its eiwn ri rht-of-way a. im fields and through woods, touching the roads at Intervals. To rival the s'eam road It must pan! illy accept its mdh ds. Prooklyn Kagle. Slrn-t Tele linn rv. The telephones nt street corners, either on the telephone pole or on the sarno post with the mailbox, may be a future con venience of many edties and towns. Is as serted in Popular Mechanics. Says this p.ije-r: "Al.nidy lhe- are In tn-e I i a Ii:- it e'd extent, ke y ess stall-. ns oj cn-'.l by imreiy t n ; I luj- Ibe handle and wlucb con tain the1 pay 't.ilion and a ellrector.v . be ing the e(.iipiiii nt. It'ollow iron pets is al low the nec.-siry Krcui.d wliei.-.. In mi i.o pla es the agr-.emi nt wllh t he c inpany in su.es that, for the privll.gc cf la-;n Ilia ti b-phoi es, all i tne'i gctiry calls, sue'a ill m ice-, lire : p il tments and h-is)il:kls may be I' i if barge. ThU m.tUi a tin- .- .v ie il ii pi.i-.i bineia lion, Mixing tine in o iso of lite or ;iiti.;i'i;I, ; n.l to an e-Ment pro lee tint, the cilii. il. '1 lie e stations arc lav lug inv a st'acnts I telephone comp: no , as they la ,ulri little extra wiring and coat littie to maintain. C -erge A. I emg I -. the Ami'tic.ni Ti b hone Jooi ral, suys th io l.e no leasi n why lies." M.i:bms rhocl.t not HUperseoe the so calbd Jollie te-lci' mi! sjt.teiiis now In uso. I'.i Ire- could send In the-lr lop. .its to boa I pin - ters over the- puli lii! st. lions, and the blue p.iliec I ox M" :l I be no loncor loe-.b-d. Certain It Is ill it sin h a sy.-.lepi in residential te i-liins of e-.ilii a would bi- of gie-it ubiie bi nelil, as it would in larks a:.. I hI mg bi tdi'varJa and ro:i;!s i'reiUi ntcd by piciis-iie se kir-. How of n n the tiutonu l Hist would find it of use! How often it vvo.iM mivc some per son's going lour ij- live b'oehs to the diUiJ Store or nlo -ery!" Kciv Sys e-ui of 'I elcgrnplij. I an m he.- jt.r.i t.t -n i.ilowe-d tti Mr. (liar. i, .--ii it. ill m i-it il . i.gir.eer and t l.v triel.iii now leobllng in lloeton, feir a no.v i-sli'in of ti iegrui by. This hj-hte.u loiis.s s of two iii.-n.i al oisks, one lor each rt.i tion; on tins.' disks ll.iie arc e.lsti ihu;c.l H number ot eloelrie contacts tainncc led With the keys of a nuinter of tyM; writing machines; I'.-ica sli.-u has .i r.-ioivbig oo.i tnct which lonneets the contacts of llu eiisk s.loe . ssivcly to the- line, the revolvla-; contacts at li.e two stations moving ill pe rfect sv n. hroo.sui. Wl.cu a key 1.4 pri-ssed an ehittloal In. pulse is sent to tho e'orrespeni.li g eotitae't .if the di.--k; this l.u pulte is taken by the tevilvlng latitat t ;.nj sent ov r the liua to trie ii-volving o nt act of the leieiving disk and then to the con tact of the disk and to the key of th re ceiving typewriting machine, which prints a letter. '1 here are speihil devb'es for tho synchronism; for stre-ngtheiilng the a i riv ing impulse; for i-eutriliiing th line after each Impulse; lor arranging the Ki-itoii of the two disks so that the eontjits of the same le ttir are lonni cted when an Im pulse, is sent over the line; for ki oping closed th-" lieylo.atd of etich sending t pe writing machine whin the others arevviek Ing; fi r starting and slopping the' revolv ing e intact?, etc. The licit ileal Impulse can le an electrical oscillation, and far this the Ultra sjstem, it is cl .lined, can be u a d in wireless ti'lcgr.-iph;', sending many hou dred words per minute Instead of the tvvin-ty-tvv o now sent. KixHiux (lie Illnritey Mnnr. "I.; si year, wile in the south of Ire land," wrilts a traveler, "I paid a visit to Hhirni'y cistie anil while there had tho queer experience or kissing the Illan.cy stone, famous In samg anil story. "One of our party, having gone throur;h the onieal Isfore, volunteered to kls the stone first and sh.ovv us ho It Is -elone. When It Is understood that yr.u are at tempting to kiss a stone set in the outside wall, (i ml you on the Ins-iile, one ran guess that It Is ro easy lask. It Is best to tale orT your coat nnd watch and chain and empty your pockets. The -re Is nn opr-ning, as It were, In the floor. You Fit on 'It eelge of this, catch hold of two bars In n wall and lovve-i yo.irself backward t'-. n the opening till you are able to stretch. , et and n at It toe o'oi-e. As you do thl- r ,i n st of th- parly htmg on to your I : s. "The piecauiloii of taking ofr tba v. 'eh and chain and re-moving money from your poe-kets Is a very wise one, as you have to hang head downward to get at the atone."