TTTE ILLUSTRATED TiEE.
September 18, 1904.
TB IliAJSTRATED BEE.
Published Weekly by The Tleo Pul.llBhlrtJ
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f t i')llN I KKNNKDY was chosen
.';lj T by the republican voters of tho
Second Nebraska congressional
v? d!s,,',,-t by (1irf"'"1 v1e to K' t,lf'ir
.'.-TfSsl candidate, and tin; convention
r;ili li 1 that decision by making Mr. Ken
ic(ly'M nominal inn unanimous alter tnH'ii;
lln; ballot prescribed by the rule. This
Choice of the people at tin- primal ii-s wilt
undoubtedly be ratified at tho pedis try a
handsome majority. Mr. Kennedy is not
H "jiopiilar" man in the customary use of
tin? term, but be Is a mun of th- people in
the best sense, lie has luid his own way
to make In the world, and has hail to work
liard to achieve what he has. This work
lias kept bint pretty busy n tl'-ndiinj to his
own affairs, and baa left l.im but little
time to follow the pursuit ol the niijwr."
lint be has proved himself capable of mak
ing friends, firm mid fast, by his frnnlc
and mnnly ways, and his chan record In
busire-Hs and nolitlca Is the best of recom
mendations to the voters of the district.
Kbur years ago he was nn the republican
ticket as one of the McKinloy eh clora, and
lisriisted In registering the r tale's choice
for president tliat year. Oilier than this
lie has never held cifllce, but lie has always
been active In Jiolitics and ha", always Uin
Interested In achieving republican success.
Never having been Identified with ( :ther of
the factions into which the party has been
divided at times, his nomination at present
Is looked upon as in the Interest of har
mony, and the unanimity with which the
leaders have aligned thcmsi Ives b: hind his
cand.'d.ioy nugurj well lor a triumph by the
united party.
Mr. Kennedy can never be president of
the I'nitod States, owing to a mistake he
timclc In selecting his blrthplat lie chose
to be born hi Ayrshire, Si 'otland, a fact
that murt natives of tlK county consider
lionor Hiitficient. The son of a farmer, lie
learned H hard work Is. and has held
enough l ,e Kturdy Scotch character to
Btiek to that method always, not seeking
success by any short cut., lie was Kit en a
common Hchuol education in Sc otland, and
lit the itge of 19 came to America. Ilo
found employment on a farm In I.a Salio
county, Illinois, and there earned money
to pay hid way through Knox college, ut
CJalcsburg. AUer taking the course ut
Knox he uttended the law school at tho
state university of Iowa, ami w. s k ra du
al ed from that school in lf2. in December
Of that jcar lie came to Omaha, ami formed
a lav partnership under the llrm name of
Kennedy & Martin. This llriu continued for
Fix years. In IsXN the picscut lirm of Ken
nedy Learned was furuicd. .Mr. Ken
nedy's practice has not been of a si i t that
would bring hlui jnucli Into pu' lie notice,
for ho has steadfastly declined to take
cases of a character that xe he comment,
preferring the more intricate and quieter
business of the law. He I. as won a high
place at the bar, both of the coioity and
the Htalc, and 1 held in gnat c.-Ucc m by
Ills fellow-praclllluiiers. Pel son ally he is a
genial, companionable man, and caw who is
warmly admired by all who know hlui.
Phelps county, Nebraska, made a record
in the matter of county fairs this year by
turning the usual program out of doom and
Klvln;; society a real show. The women of
llolclrcge arranged for a floral carnival and
par.ole that surpassed anything of the sort
ever wen Jn that scctli'ii, and which made
a distinct hit as a feature of the fad. The
decorated carriages were driven about tho
track and were loudly applauded, the nrtls
tie beauty of design and the taste i xUihlted
In the execution beln;; of the highest. Tho
Judges awarded the tlrst prii.e for single
rigs to Mrs. Palmer, who had hi r c-.rrl.ino
di com tod In yellow roses. Mr. Titus and
Mrs. lo Hart drove a sin:;le rig decorated
in chrysanthemums vf varied hues, and
were awarded iccond prire. The Boe has
not boem apprised of the name of the win
ner of first prize in double rips, btit Mrs.
lluulln aad Kron iust wife Riven uciiind.
Their carriage was decorated in pink and
white, and was drawn by a Hum of white
horses.
His Discreet Preference
"Don't you think you would have greater
Influence with tho masses If you made mors
speeches?"
"NeC an rmud Sowatur ftorgJium. "I t
tteve In giving anything I lutve tn may to
the prema. When you make a ofiech you
have to 4csmsmI on ywur om-n enwnir, Tut
when you lure your remarks prided you
have m. auEsaber cf people to Ftralshten it
oat far jr." Waahinglna Star.
John Buirs National Campaign
(fopyrlht. by Wlilam Thorp.)
r't' 18 dilllcult to compare a p::rlia-
mpntnry Boneral e'e' ip n In Great
I'.riinln to a presidnitijii carn
la'ffn In t lie I'll. ted H l'e.-. Tin
S l.lt of the content, the attitude
peofil..-, the niaihinery emidoycl by
the (onlendinK parties, the vi ry ob.'ect
ftiiven for, are all larRtly, if not cn'.lre'y,
different.
The rank and file of the prliHh elec
torate has nothlnis' to do with the choice
of the prime minister, who occupk s much
the yame executive position as the presi
dent, nlthouKh pos essiiiK It puWr. 11a
is w lected by the monar-li, uurlly tijiryn
the advice of the leader or I'juuuis of the
rival political party.
If Mr. lUifour were to be defeated on
an i'nporlai.t question in the liou of
Commons tomorrow l.t- uouitl have to
choose one of two alternatives, lie could
K" to the Uiiitf with the re.-lgtmtions of
himself and his cabinet inin sier.-. Pi whic h
case he would advise the kim,' to (,e:id fur
Sir Henry C'ampbcll-Iiunnerrnun, or some
other lilxral leader, and re pic;. I him to
form a ministry; or he could UUsjivc Par
liament and appp.nl to the country to de
cide the political issue by means of a gen
eral election.
When there exist two sliarply dofin.'d
panic, each with an acknowledseil. un
challenged leader, it is easy for the de
feated premier to advise the king whom
to send for to replace himself. In the old
das, when Salisbury and Gij-.d.-: one led
the conservative and liberal parlies, no
body drcanil of anybody rifle for premier;
but when Mr. Gladstone retired from p ibMc
life in with Ida party still in power,
ju n Victoria must have rtei-n pu;z' d as
to which of his lieutenants pile should a:k
to reconstruct and lead the ministry. There
were three of them at that time with prac
tically equal reputation end jxiwer in the
parly Ixjrd Roseliery, Sir Williim Vernon
llarcourt and John Motley.
Morley wua out of it from the start, beet-
are he manifested a strong disinclina
tion to become premier. Mr. Uladetone at
flrfct advisc-d the queen, as sjlmequent reve
lations have shown, to send for Sir Wil
liam liurcouit. This advice was resented
by her majesty, who objected to Sir Wil
liam 1-c-cnuue he had taken a lending part
in opiwisiiit? financial grants to the ri.yal
family. She wnnted to Bend for Lord Koi-e-bery.
Ixtid Balisbury, a rival leader, whom
she consulted, strongly ureed the choice of
llarcourt, as beiiiB the more popular man;
but nevertheless her majesty invited Lord
Jtneliery to become head of the govern
ment, and he consenctd to do no, arter
putcbing up a hoiinw truce with llnrcourt.
This Is not the only lntance in which
Queen Victoria picked out for premier a
political leader who uould not have been
chosen by hi.! own parliameutary party or
by the (;ei;?ral body of electors throughout .
the country. An) thing more radically dif
ferent from the American political spirit
and political methods cannot well ho
Imagined; yet this Hritish system suits Iho
people and works well. Nine times out of
ten the defeated premier gives the best pos
sible advice as to his successor, and the ad
vice Is taken.
If the alternative of a general elettion Is
rhoRen tho country is nut stirred up oo
violently from end to end as It ie here in a
presidential campaign, although the elec
tioneering methods adopted ere sometimes
much more violent than those to which
America ns are accustomtd. Only the mem
bers of the House of Commons are to bo
( hofceii by the people, and the nearest
equivalent !;, therefore, the election of con
gressional r prer-entatives.
In some parti of Kng'.and there U hardly
mnr9 th(.:i a ripple of political c vein mi nt
or a general election, because of the
preponderance of poner enjoyed by one or
o'.her of the political parties. The county
of Kett, for example. Is so overwhelmingly
co;icrvMllve that the liberals do r.ot even
trouble to contest most of the tets. In
some parts of Scotland It Is hnp-Hirs?, even
absurd, for a conservative to seek election;
iu:d over a wide area of Ireland the mi-tioiihU-t
member are usually returned tin-oppo.-cd.
Nearly all tho Welsh nn mb.'i'S
are liberals ut every elic'.ioji.
None of the three great political parties
tho liberals, the conservative und the iu
tiGuallsts carts to apetul money iu fightinsT
hop"les constituencies. Kag.lsh campaign
funtls Kre oiserabtjr iratt in ooaipaihon
with American, fur the simple reason that
tho political issues seldom touch the busi
ness interests of the country In a vllul and
immediate way. Tho only cxctpliun is that
the brewers nnd salootikeeiiers or "i.ul
lkans," as they are called-pat up a 1 t of
money for the conservative campaign, be
lieving thai Um liberals wouid cio hi wer
to the (onl oonumimtttea to enforce prohibi
tion if they desired to do so.
The rwnpalgn funds, tetnsr rmal', are
naturally eonserved for Renting enntest
whire there Is a chance of wlun'nj.. For
lorn hopes upon the mcaiy's ktrojg l.uida
re almost always led nnd pj.M f r-uy
some wealthy man who wants to "butt In"
to the inner circle, of his party. After he
mm feMfrgfct two or three ti-pcta e'ecf ons
raw
o;' tii
and sjxmt perhaps $30,nf0 or $50.0(0, the wire
pullers of the party reward him by assign
ing' him to some "ea.sy si at" where the re
Is sure to be a "walknvir" fT one of his
political complexion. IP" usually repays
the gift by a l and, ome cniiti iluitioii to the
campaign fund ranging anywhere fr-'tn
eVj.iMJ to JJj.UOI.
Ill some cno a it Is possible for n wenlthy
man t' buy a tafe seat at the outset by a
hicking big gift tc the party funds, one
of the liest known of the present liberal
numb- rs did ho by giving the late Mr.
Schnadhorst, tl:e greatest campaign man
ager the party ever had, a cheek for i.o,
OWi at a moment when money was sorely
needed. Uut thia is unusual. The rich und
ambitious man generally lues to work and
wait lor yisrs. as well as put up his numey.
It often happens that a comparatively
poor man has far better luck, iiai.y Eng
lish coni'llluenties rest'it a plutocrat, and
so.jie of thtin arc conservative strongholiJs,
too. I was once private secretary to a lib
eral ceniliiiate in a Kentish constituency.
He eirned his living as a barrister and
journalist, and had very little money. The
parly had to put u; nearly all the election
expanses, which Is contrary to the Knglisu
ciisetnm. and he could not afford to cub
scribe to a hundred different local societies,
from the Publican's league to the Home for
Cats, as his conservative opponent did.
Neverthcl.-ss. fie pulled down the conser
vative nnjority from oveer S.0U1 to I'.ss than
20u, and would hive surely won by a big
mirgiii nt the next election had he not
brokf n down with nervous crhauetion three
weeks iK-feirc.
Ilia phice was taken ley a millionaire
soap mal'fr eager to buy a seat in Parlia
ment. He gave the Natlonel Liberal Fed
eration a check for J3.tt) as the price of
foisting him upon what was thought to be a
Bafe constitency. He Fpent on the contest
every cent he dircd spend without running
up against the corrupt practlo", act; he
doubled mid Inbled the conservative can
didate's subscriptions to the local s3.cietles,
and then thought that he surely must be
elected. Put when the poll was taken he
was beaten by over 4.WW votes. A candi
date's pcrbonulity counts for far more than
his monty. and high 8'M.ial po""'0" is bet
ter than either iti some conMituencicc.
The candidate who Is a good sportsman
has a tremendous pull. I know of one can
didate who waa elected in a sport-lovine
city of Yorkshire simply because he was
one of the best amateur foot ball players
in F.riKland.
The Hun. Philip Stanhope, who used to
be called the "Prince Uupert of the lib
erals," WMi n forlorn hope In a rural con
stituency by the skill and daring with
which ho drove a conch and eight white
horses. He didn't trouble about speech
making or canvassing the electors; he sim
ply sat on the box ot the coach, a fine lig
ure of a man. and drove his eight white
horses round the sharpest corners he could
find, laughing gaily as he faced death, and
golHntly saluting all the girls he passed
along tha road.
Who cared what Phil Stanhope's piMitioal
opinions were? Probably he would have
been troubled if called upon to explain
them. Put he could drive a coach better
than any msu in the country; he was a
cricketer ot national fame, and in his col
lege days, not so many years before, he
had thrtiched a famous prizefighter. Of
course, he was elected by an overwhelming
majority. Th; fact that he was the son of
an earl helped him. for It Is still true that
KngMvhmen "d.arly love a lord." Curieu-ly
enough, the one political prin-.lp!e which
he really held clearly and strongly was the
desirability of abolishing the House of
lrds. That appealed to the voters' sense
of humor, eepeciaHy as he was every inch
an arlstrxr.it in temperament.
It may be gathered from what has gone
before that tre general election In England
Is not a great national campaign in the
sen; that it Is here, but a congeries of
local fights. The central organisations of
the parties do not play anything like the
Important part they play In this country.
The candidate Is chosen by the general
committee cf the local party, usually call-d
the "four hundred." A well known and
popular local man Is preferred, even to a
statesman of national eminence, but if no
such man Is available the central organisa
tion sends two or three would-be candidates
from London. They uddresa the "four
hundred," much like ministerial candidate
preaching before the elders of a vacant
charrh, and the one who make the best
Impression is chosen.
Naturally, the man who Js willing to pay
the whole or the biggest share of the
election expenses is selected, other things
being equal. It would arnnxe an American
politician to see how much money the
candidate puts up and how little the party
contribute, liearlng out of account tho
handful of lalor members, who are paid
salaries by their party, Knif ih politics U
run by a few rich men who an either
anxious to take part In the great game of
sUUswantfhip for IU own sake, or who
yearn for 10 poclal haTI-n'.artt wT'leh they
think mca.kerst.lp of the Hon o! Ommo.is
bestows. That la why thero arc so few
men of real distinction In that assembly.
ns tomparej with some other parliament
The average M. P. is not an iuttllectu.it
prodigy.
The professlin.il "spellbinder" cuts
small figure In Kngland. There Is plenty of
si ceeh making during a cnmpalpn I kno
one candidate who made an average oi
seven speeches u day for six weeks, nn'l
ten a day for the last we ek but It is nearly
nil done by local volunteers nnd by friendf
of the candidate, who are sufficiently In.
tererted in his success to spend a few- d.iya
or weeks In the constitue ncy and pay tbelp
own expenses.
The conservative central organization,
which niwnys has a great ele.il more money
to spend than the liberals have, sends a
few speakers where they are most ii.'eded,
but a candidate consiib rs It rather a dis
grace to have to call for them, as it reflect
upon his own popularity. The liquor trad
and other Interests allied with the con
servative maintain supplementary conf
of "spellbinders," hut as those men natal-ally
want to speak in favor of their ow
particular cause, which may be unpopulaf "
with the mass of tue voter.', nio?t candl.
dates would rather do without their "sup
port." I remember a, tory M. I', who hail kept
his Feat for many yiars in a town slr ngly
In favor of "local option" prohibition b
municipal vote. He was careful to avuil
th3 liquor question und to dwell mainly
upon the preservation of the union ai l
other appealing topics. He lost hl. teat
at last beeause, le:-pite his almost tearful
protests, the teutral body of the IhiL,of
triido's political organization insisted on
tending half a dozen of its "spellbinders"
to stump his territory. Their "suppo.t"
ruined him with the voters.
The liberals draw a large number of
speakers from their two priucial lAindi.u
ciuiis-the National Liberal ilub and tlx
IJ.ghty i lub. Ti.csej men m ver receiv .- p y,
and in most cases pay their own expenses.
Tho Kigiity cluli is regarded as a tcct ot
preserve frum which to draw speakers ami
candidates as they are needed lor the g tod
of the parly.
Photographs of candidates are used to
conuiderab'c extent, but they are uHvayi
printed on small cards and mailed to tin
olcris, usually with tho brief l.gca.d ur.dcr
neath: "Your ccppoit and interest civ re
quested on bthnlf of Thoina.s Snooks, tlm
liberal candidate." Tho huge poster unci
banner portraits, which play such an im
portar.t part in American i lections, are un
known In i:i. gland.
Largo quantities of leallet', popularly
known as "tracts," arc sent out by th
cir.tral rgar.iztiticns ; but the buik of th
printed appeals to the electors are locally
produced. The candidate and his personal
friends write a good many of them, and
the editor ot the party newspaper usually
gives his services for this putposa. He it
much in demand, for he Is able to work ia
a lot of local references that will api eal t
the pe pie.
The candidate often buys hc parly newa
papc r when he first descends on u c n
stiUienc y and uses it as his prineil nl ir e ml
of reaching the electors. If not, It is gen
erally io:. trolled by his leading fupp'Ticrs.
Vnprofitable papers nre maintained f"r po
litical reasons to an infinitely greater extent
than Uiey are i?i America.
Probably, taking Kre.laiui ami S'Oel ir:L
but not Ireland nnd Wales, at lcatt (JO pef
cent of the electorate oculists of pc.;plu.
who have no political affiliations an.l can
be fcwnyed from one side l-j anoll.er wit!
comparative case. In some contruer:c:e
tho percentage is much higher; in others,
which have been carefully worked and or
ganized with extraordinary care by both
parties, It may net more than 10 per
c; nt. More deper d.s, na a general r ile, npon
the personality of ti e candidate than upon
the platform and record of his party.
Although a smaller portion of tlv people
are political partisans and there is n .1 so
much general interest in a campaign, those
who are partiVanfl are apt to be much more
violent than their American prototype?. A
keenly fought election is extremely rough.
Meetings are frequently broken up by main
force, and It is a common Incident for th
candidates to be pelted with flour, rotten
eggs and even stories, as they drive through
the streets in carriages decorated with their
colors. Everybody wears pnrty favors, nnd
a favorite Joke Is to decorate a donkey
with the opposition's emblems.
At one liberal meeting In n theater, at
which I was present, a rowdy conservative
in the gallery was seised by the arms ami
legs and thrown neck and crop to the floor.
Ills right arm und thre of his ribs were
broken. Next evening tho conservatives
broke up a liberal meeting, driving ths
candidate gnd Ids friends from the plaW
form by volleys of stoii and rotten vege
tables. This vns not an unusually violent
campaign.
As. coon as the votes have been conn tew
In the town hull or other principal bulldlnjtf
of the district th1! "returning officer" steps
out onto a balcony, followed b;- the candi
dates, the winner first. That H the first
intimation of the result to tho crowd la
(Continued on Page Kiltcen-) ,
