16
TIIE ILLUSTRATED BEE.
Maj 22, 1901.
Teaching Self-Reliance
HERE Is an old saying tbnt It la
easier for one father to take care
of ten children than It la for
ten fhlltlren to take care of one
father. However this mav be. It
la certainly much rattier for most mothers
to wait ui'on their children thun It la to
teach them to care for themselves. Con
sequently, this Important duty Is often
h Irked and the children grow up without
ven the faintest idea of self-reliance.
It la no longer the fashion for girls to
bo of the clinging vine type, or for boya
to be effeminate, and the mother who
Would have self-reliant, womanly girls and
manly, capable boya must begin to train
them In babyhood. .
For Instance, when the child is offered
a toy, do not place It In the outstretched
hands, but let the tiny fingers reach out
for the object which Is quietly held before
Mm. In other words, let the baby's mind
be self-active, and let him do hla own
thinking from the first.
A mother has the right to fondle her
baby, and besldea thla helps to establish a
Sympathy between the two. However, It la
not always posBlblo for the mother to lay
aside other duties to dovote herself solely
to the child, and he must learn to do with
out the petting. If necessary, and be self
reliant When he begins to creep or walk, It Is
only right to encourage and reassure him,
but do not seem to help him. It will be
better for him not to know that a pair of
loving- arms will be outstretched to catch
him at the Brat danger signal. If he once
(rots this Idea Into hla head, he will depend
Wn othera all through his life, unless
he has so many hard knocks later on that
be conquers the Inclination.
A normal child can amuse himself by
the hour If he Is left to himself, which
proves that the majority of children are
naturally self-reliant If they are permitted
to be so and are encouraged In this trait
Of character.
"Come and build a castle for mother out
of your blocks," says the wise mother who
wishes to divert a fretful child. Johnny
Is delighted with the suggestion and
proudly builds a caatle, block by block.
Then she praise him and he la satisfied.
On the other hand, the mother who loves
hor child Just aa well, but who lacks tact,
ays, "Come and let mother build a castle
for Johnny out of the blocks." They sit
down on the floor and mother builds the
castle, which pleases the child Immensely.
Aa soon as this task Is completed, he wants
mother to build another, and If she does
not do so he pouts and perhaps screams
and kicks until he gains hla point
After that he knows Just how to manage
his mother and he depends upon her to
amuse and entertain him to suit his pleas
ure. "1 have never even buttoned my own
shoes," aald a young woman recently, who
Was suddenly left pennlloss. Then she
added, "How can I earn my own living?
My father simply would not permit me to
Walt upon mysolf, or nt myself for any
thing, for he was so sure that my future
was provided for."
How We Fought the Turk
. (Continued from Page Four.)
It waa the Macedonian portion. They did
not pause, however, but charged, and were
mot by 1,000 Turka drawn up lu fighting
lne with artillery to back them. Our men
were glad to withdraw from that murder
oua Ore with only ten killed or wounded.
Now let me tell what the other thousand
Turkish regulars who composed the garri
son were doing inside.
The eight confederates who were to raise
the people about then came out into the
streets shorUy after dark. They were the
three men who came to us at llelltaa and
five othersIvan Urookoff, an American
educated youth; hla brother and their threo
uncles. Macedonian mothers will tell their
children of Ivan Urookoff hundreds of years
hence.
As I have sold, these eight armed men
cajne out In the street They looked up
one way and saw the torchos of Turkish
troops at that end; they looked the other
vay and again they saw aoldlera. Then
they came to a cross stroet, and at both
nda were more Turks. The garrison had
been alarmed soldiers surrounded the city.
At first they intended to return to hiding,
but then they saw flames leaping up about
tliom and Turks were running about with
torches. Then came a roar of conflagra
tion, screams of women and children and
hoarse yells of men. They saw Macedonian
.women burst through doors of flaming
bouses and they saw Turks hack them
down with swords.
"They are massacrelng our women I"
Shouted Urookoff. "Let's fight boys!" And
they did. They readied a stone watering
trough In a publlo square, climbed inside
and opened fire. All were cool, unerring
phots, and they did not waste their am
munition. Thy had dynamite, too, and
burled It among the Turks where it would
do the most harm. For a while they had
the soldiers in a panlo, but remember, It
Was ten men against 1,000, for noue of the
townsmen had dared come out.
For two hours young Urookoff and his
As soon as the child Is old enough to
button his own garments he should be
taught that It Is a manly thing to do.
Furthermore, he .should be provided with
Ms own toilet conveniences and taught how
to care for himself properly, without de
pending upon the uurae or mother for
cver thing.
All mothers cannot afford to employ a
nurse for their children. Then, too, there
are those who will not do so, because they
prefer to care for their children them
selves. Such mothers will lind their bur
dens materially lessened if their children
are grounded in habits of self-rell inee und
helpfulness, which means that they will
not only be good, but good for something
In later life.
It la a great mistake for a mother to
wait upon her children for every littlo
thing they desire. It makes a l:ive of the
mother and tyrants of the children. If,
Instead of the mother running to their
asi.lstance every time they cry, "Whore
la my hat?" or "Where Is my doll?" they
are gently but firmly told that they must
be responsible for their own things, they
will soon learn to rely upon themselves
more. -
Nor should parents always decide ques
tions for their children by an emphatic
"Yes" or "No." Children should be taught
to use their own Judgment In matters which
they can comprehend. The mother may
offer suggestions as to why It Is not a
good plan for Mary to play in the snow
when Bhe bus a cold, and then appeal to
the Judgment of the child, who will usually
decide the matter for herself In the right
way.
Or the mother may give Mary an object
lesson by offering her a choice of two
ways of action, the child to assume the
responsibility of that action. In this case
the mother must make the child under
stand the subject thoroughly by a care
ful explanation, at the tsamo time instill
ing into the child's mind the Idea of think
ing and acting for herself.
In addition to this the child should bo
taught that she Is a perfect whole, and
that her brains were given her to uso
Just aa much as her hands were. The
mother will also make her understand that
she has no right to wear others out In
thinking and deciding questions for her
which she must learn to decide for her
self. But at tho same time she should be
taught to aeek advice from older people
and to listen respectfully to their oplnlona;
and then, after thinking over the matter
In question, to rely upon her own Judg
ment In deciding it.
Only self-reliant people can be happy
and self-respecting. Any right thinking
person will admit this, but that does not
follow that all self-reliant people are happy
and self-respecting. There are many other
things that go to make up life. But If a
child's life Is allowed to unfold naturally
In the sunshine of love and watchfulness,
he will develop Into a self-reliant charac
ter, and will of necessity be both self
respecting and happy.
MRS. REBECCA HAMPDEN.
brother and his three uncles and their three
friends stood off the soldiers. As was
afterward known, between them they killed
forty-seven and wounded almost 100, and
their dynamite wrecked the barracks. But
finally they determined to cut their way
out six of them for Urookoff's brother
and one uncle were dead. They dushed
into tho Turkish lines, fighting hand to
hand, young Urookoff Bhootlng with his
Colt's revolver.
Three got away, but the Urookoff men
were all killed. The survivors said Ivan
could have escaped, too, but he remained
fighting over the dead bodies of his un
cles, his ammunition gone, but using the
butt of his gun. There the Turks cut him
down.
As we afterward learned, their bodies
were thrown into the publio square next
day and beaten beyond recognition. Over
100 of the townspeople were killed, too,
but mostly burned, for, after Betting fire
to a house the Turks barricaded the doors
from outside. Half the Macedonian part
of the town was burned.
Now comes the saddest, but inevitable
part Next day all the Macedonians In
town, men as well as women and children,
were made to walk by the Ave mangled
bodies of the Urookoff boys and their
uncles. Each one was mndo to gase upon
them by the Turks. Among the women
came the mother of the two Urookoffs
and alster of the three unclea. They made
her stand by the bodies of her two Bona
and her three brothers, but she could only
recognise them by tho shirts she herself
hod sowod for them, now torn and blood
son ked. The Turks Jeered her, but the
bodies might have been stones for .all tho
emotion she showed. Bhe looked the Turks
full into their faces and not a tear dimmed
her eyea. Then she was allowed to go
home to her five small children. It 1m
presead even the Ignornnt Turkish sol
diers, for they insulted her no more.
But to come back to the evening before.
There we were, on the ridge of the Rilo
mountains, with 1,000 homeless women and
children, waiting for the rest of or melt
We expected twenty-five men from Bansko
they, were to have Joined In the attack
on Mehomla from the south. Five men
of that band showed up; the rest were
killed. They had literally walked through
the Turkisli forces. The men who had
guarded the passes showed up next, un
hurt, except Tsoncheff's men. They had
successfully held Predal pass against 2,000
Turks from DJumuya. who came In an
swer to a telegraphic call sent before our
men had cut the wires. A Bulgarian spy
had Informed the Turkish commander nt
Mehomla of our plans. When Tsoncheff
heard that the attacks on Mehomla und
Bnchevo had failed, he fell back and
Joined us, having lost only four men.
I shall never forget the Razlog vulley as
I saw It that morning Just before dawn.
The flames from the three burning towns
shot up in fiery pillars, sending mountain
ous billowy masses of spark-charged smoke
rolling eastward. The sky was one lurid
glare of blood red, lighting our paths up on
the mountains even, so that the trees an!
rocks about us flowed a dull red. Wa
could hear the low ro;tr of the flames, with
here and thero the crash of falling limbers.
Then came dawn. We were resting on the
ridge, ready to descend on the Bulgarian
side. The sight that presented Itself was In
finitely more heartrending than the carnage
of the night before. There were the 3,000
homeless women and children, watching
their homes In flames. There were old
women who looked apathetically on the
misery about them, too stunned to realize
It us yet. Some sat with their heads on
their knees, others sobbed, shivering, half
naked. Children clung to their mothers.
Some had carried up their belongings. I
saw one sma.ll girl sobbing to a doll she had
pressed to her breast. One woman still car
ried nn old violin what she meant to do
with it was impossible to tell, but It prob
ably meant more to her than we could see.
The moat pathetic were the old men and
women, their gray hair dishevelled, gazing
in bewildered peevishness about them, or
weeping quietly but bitterly. Then I looked
about among our men and I saw more than
one choking back unsuccessfully the samo
emotions I felt.
A bugle call brought all us bandsmen to
our feet. We got the women up, and then
continued our march to Bulgaria and
safety. Of the suffering that our poor
women endured the next two days I cannot
write. Many did not reach Rllo .monastery
across the border with us. But every man
on that march then became, if he was not
already so, Imbued with a hatred for Turks
that only death can end.
IVAN M. RADOULOFF.
A Soft Answer
Mr. Pecksniff I must say, Mr. Naybor,
I'm quite surprised at you. Why are you
watering your garden today?
Mr. Naybor Simply because the plants
need it.
Mr. Pecksniff But don't you know this
Is the Sabbath?
Mr. Naybor Of course, I know It; but the
plants don't. Philadelphia Press.
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Carpenter's Letter
(Continued from Page Twelve.) ' '
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