The - Omaha Sunday Bee.
SC.
9
EDITORIAL SHEET.
PAGES II TO 20. g
E
ESTABLISHED JUNE 19, 1871.
OMAHA, SUNDAY MOBNING, MAY 21, 1903.
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS.
i
fi
KNICKERBOCKERS' BIRTHDAY
Two Hundred and fifty Tear Old, but the
Tows Doesn't Look It
HOW THE EVENT WILL BE OBSERVED
w Ye-rkers Invited to Celebrate the
Anniversary at the Da? Kew .
Amsterdam Waa Granted
. i
Civil Government.
Beginning today and continuing through
out the week New York City will celebrate
In variou way the 250th anniversary of
the granting of the city' charter. It la
also known aa "home week" for the wan
dering eona and daughter of the metropo
lis and many of them are expected to par
ticipate In the festivities. There will be
bo fatted calres prepared for the prodigal
officially, but there will be an abundance
of the necessaries of life to make the vIhU
memorable. The official menu Is strictly
mental, consisting of public addresses, his
torical lecture and stereopttcon exhibition
of scene from the old and the new city.
Proclamation of Mayor Low.
The proclamation of Mayor Low calling
attention ta the celebration and Its object
1 of Interest. Bay the mayor
"On the td of February, 1653, Governor
Feter Stuyvesant of the province of New
Netherland Issued a proclamation granting
the privileges of city government to the
then city of New Amsterdam. Two cen
turle and a half have been added to the
world' story since then, and the little city
of New Amsterdam, later known for a
season a New Orange, and now become
the proud city of New York, still dominate
the noble bay and the stately river that
marked it for the alt of the great city
ven U. that early day.
"The handful of population about 1.000 in
number who greeted with acclaim the
proclamation of Governor Stuyvesant es
tablishing municipal government here, ha
grown to be a vast multitude of more than
1.500.000 souls.
"Many vicissitude have befallen Man
kattftn lalnnrf mnA nur rnnntrv In tnla Innr
interval, but the city ot New York greet
this anniversary year as a city that la In
spired alike by the stirring memories of It
past and by It confident anticipations-of
a still more glorious future.
ii. n aniMi nf imrik nPM. w with
grateful recognition of the Divine blessings
that have made our beloved city what It Is,
1 call upon the people of New York to make
the week beginning May 24 and ending May
SO, which ha been designated by the board
of aldermen for this purpose, a gala week
In this city, In vcelebratlon of this Interest'
Ing event. During the whole of this week
the cltlsen are requested to fly their flag 1
from dwelling andbulldlng of every de-
acriptlon; the newspaper press of the city I
1 asked to bring home to tho people a
sense of New York' long history,, and the I
ministers of religion are requested at their
usual, place of worship to ' remind ' their
hearer of the event that Is being cele
brated and to Invoke the Divine blessing
upon the municipality.
"It la hereby ordered that the flag shall I
be displayed upon the school house andlln la wealth and. population Is-conflrmed I
upon every city building during this entire
week, and the Board of Education la re-
quested to provide for special exercise in I
very school In the city on the 26th of May, 1
me cay upon which the granting of the
first city charter will be celebrated In the I
aldermanlo chamber, so that the children I
of the city may have a realising sense of 1
the long history of New York and be. filled I
with the public spirited desire to be worthy I
citizens of such a city.
Ceremonies la Aldermanlc Chamber.
The celebration will begin with the offi
cial ceremonies In the aldermanlc chamber
Ma, a', m. Mevo i"ww
at these exercise, and the oration ,T
delivered by General James Grant Wilson.
---- I
fiooiuviu V4 MM) 1CW J.U1K. niBlUriUHi B9
clety.
Among those who have been invited to
the official ceremonies are President Rooae-
wii, me inciuucni vi His caDinei, uovernor
Odell, lieutenant Governor Higglns, tho
chief Justice of the United States supreme
court, thecrlef Justice of the court ot ap
peals of this state, all the ex-governors of
this state. Including, of course, ex-Presl-
dent Cleveland, Senator Piatt and Depew,
all of the ex-mayor of the city ot New
York, and also of Brooklyn, the members
of t stat senate and assembly, the rep
resentatives of this city In congress, the
it .
former comptroller of the city of New
York, representatives of the different po
litical parties, representatives of the well
known societies and the chief official of
tbe city.
After the official exercises in the city hall
the rest ot the week will be given over to
the lecture ot the free lecture department
of the Board of Education, to the stereop
ttcon view and also to the concerts in the
mall park, which are another feature ot
the celebration.
Beside the free lectures the Board of Ed
ucation 1 to piovide for appropriate exer
cises In all the public school of the city
during the week of the celebration.
The course of lectures which Is to be
given In the publio schools during the week
wa prepared by Dr. Lelpxelger, super
visor offeree lectures In the Board of Edu
cation. The lecturea, which are to be given
In schools In all five boroughs which have
been designated, cover everything of In
terest pertaining to the growth of the city
ltlstorio Interest of Leetarea.
Among other things the Brooklyn lectur
ers will tell of the battle of Long Island,
with Illustrations of the movements of the
American and British armies, showing the
landing place at Gravesend bay, the di
vision of the contending force at New
Vtrecht and Flatlands, the American forts
and the American line of defense; Grant's
feignod attack on Lord Sterling early In the
battle, the British camp fires left burning
at Flatlands and the route of the march of
.the British around to Jamaica bay, through
Bedford to the rear of General Sulltvun'a
troops.
There will also be view of the old Cortel-
you house, one of the earliest Dutch houses
on Long Island, which figured In the battle
of Long Island. A shaft has been erected
to the memory of the Americans who were
killed near the old Cortel you house adjoin
ing which part of the battle waa fought.
Additional view of historical Interest to
Brooklyn will be those of the old Deliart
Bergen house.' which wa located on the
shore of Oowanus cove, west of Third ave
nue, near Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth
treeta Thla house was occupied In 1673
by a prominent Dutch settler and several
lime wa attacked by the Indiana. There
will also be view of the old municipal
building of the town of Bushwlck and of
the Dutch church, located there, and of
Bedford Corner, once a British camp,
which wa located o the farm of Barent
Lefterts. now crossed byv Franklin and
Claaeon avenue and by Bergen, Wyckoff,
Baltic and Butler streets. It 1 related that
Major Andre made the camp here Ms head
quarter before Ucneral Clinton Sent him
to negotiate with Arnold.
Tbe old Schermerhorn house, built In 1636,
on Third avenue, near Twenty-eighth I
street, and Ferry village, about which
there were clustered many houses, taverns,
table and shanties, snd which wss a fa
mous place In the old Dutch days, will also
be shown.
In Manhattan there will be views of New
Amsterdam In Its earliest days; of Broad
street In the seventeenth century; of tbe
Palisades on Wall street, built In 1653; of
Governor Stuyvesant's country house, lo
cated about Tenth street, near Second ave
nue, near the site of the present St. Mark's
church; of the city hall and the great dock
(Stadt Huys), In 1699; of Governor Btuyve
sant's tomb; of Fraunce' tavern, where
Washington took farewell leave of his offi
cers; of St. Paul's chapel, where Wash
ington attended services just before he was
Inaugurated; of the battery In 1812; of the
first free school In New York City; of the
house of the East India company, which In
180 declared a dividend of 75 per cent on
a capital of $2,600,000 and the gross receipts
of which In 16 were $12,000,000; of the
Adrian block tablet at 41 Broadway, on the
site of which It is said that the first white
men's houses were built on Manhattan
Island, and of other Interesting places,
New York, during the period of the Revo-
lution. will also come In for a fair share of I
the attention of the lecturer o the Board I
of Education.
Some Manhattan View.
There will be views of Manhattan Island,
showing the American defenses In 1776; of
the spot on Broadway, between Forty-third
and Forty-fourth street, where Washing
ton and Putnam met during the retreat of
the latter; of McGown's Pass tavern; of the
old Dykeman house, on the Kings Bridge
road (now Broadway), at Two Hundred and
Tenth street, past which Washington-
army went on Its retreat to White Plains;
of Kings bridge, built in 1683, acYoes which
Washington's retreating army marched; of
Lord Howe's headquarters, now within the
grounds of the Westchester Country club;
of Gouverneur Morris' House, still standing,
at One Hundred and Thirty-eighth street.
near St. Ann' avenue; of Bridewell, the
common jail, built In 1775, between Broad
way and the site of the present city hall.
and which was used by the British aa a mil
""7 prison; or van Cortlandt mansion.
.r...j . .-.0 ... ... . i
w.i !' .n'ar.eAlb"Dy.POet !?ad:
" -T" ""m"u Q,neQ
" ' i me government
house, built south of Bowling Green for a
Permanent presidential mansion, but which. I
'I'i"!,0111"11 wiu"",rwar4 m1"111 " phlu
.. . ,,t Z """'"' ol lno J
J' f.J" " " remov of the state capital
Growth of tho City,
The growth of New Tork City I phe
nomenal. At the last federal census It had
a population of 8,437,203. The Board of
Health estimate that it contains 3.732,390 I
at the present time. The birth In Man-I
hattan borough alone during the first four I
months of the current year exceed those of I
the same period last year by 7,000, while I
tne percentage of deaths 1 decreasing. I
Much of the foreign Immigration Into the J
country ha also settled In the eastern I
metropolis. -
The testimony of the vital statistics of I
New York regarding It wonderful expan- I
by other evidence. It water front, exten-I
lv a It Is, I unable to accommodate the I
commerce centering there. An enormous I
expenditure of money Is being made for the I
improvement of it wharves and docks to
ult , the want of shipping, and a large
acreage' of the lower end of the island
being excavated for the latter. Then,
again, many millions more are being spent
tn Improve Its local and suburban trans
portation facilities. Over 136,000,000 Is going
Into the rapid transit subway, which was
designed to relieve the tremendous conges-
tlon which exists on the surface thorough
fares and street railways. The Herald
::3r:. ?. ?
" transit
New York during the next five
TnniiTie wnirn nra ta rwa .artitwi nur mi.. -a t 41.. nvm ..
- ...... .. . ...
years will Involve the expenditure of $240,.
OOC.OOfl, while other public works, on which
the city and federal governments are ac
tually engaged, represent an outlay of $84,-OOO.Of-O
more. Public works of all kinds In
course or development win thus cost a
total of 1324.000.000. The private Improve
ment which are being made to meet tho
calls of the city's growth In population
and commerce swell the, grand total to an
Incredible sum.
"Might Make Right."
Walter Damrosch and John Jerome Roony
have furnished the words and music of the
song VRIght Makes Might," to be sung by
the school children at the celebration on
the 26th. '
The following are the verses set to music
by Mr. Damrosch:
Ho! Watchman of the city gate.
How doth the city fare?
Doth any foeman lurk and wait
To pierce our armor there?
And. watchman, is the wall made stout
With Kreeflom noly mlrntT
And Is It bullded 'ro.ind about
With Honor, Truth and Right?
Refrain
Oh, yes; the city wall is strong.
And proud our city's name:
Our lives protect New York from wrong.
our aeeas aerena ner tame.
The ship that glides on yonder bay
Has touched far India's strand;
It bears our golden grain away
To bless some distant land.
The Ironclad horse, with lightning speed
And nre witnin lis oreaat.
Lavs at our door, to meet our need.
The riches of the West.
But city walls are' strong in vain.
And wealth itself Is poor.
If men seek not a nobler gain
In manly hearts secure.
The flag above, with fearless hearts.
We'll dare to do the rlKhl:
We'll do our great, our humble parts.
Jtna rigm win mane tne mignc
Poor Harold,
"I don't know what to say, Harold." re
plied the lovely girl, after a long pause.
'There are so many things to be consid
ered. Did you ever care for anybody be
fore you met me?1
"Never. Lucy!" fervently responded the
young man. "You are the first and only,
"Would ycu want me to go and live with
your people?"
"No; we will have a little cottage of our
own.
"You would be tired of me In less than
a year."
"I wouldn t tire ot you in a thouaand
years.'
would you no willing to spend your
venlnga at homer
'Every one."
"Men are such tyrants and I've always
been used to having my own way."
"You shall have your own way still."
'You will never tell me I must
mustn't do anything?"
"Never."
"Always let me do just as I please?"
"Abeolutely."
"Then I shall have to aay no, Harold."
the maiden said, tearfully. "I never could
trust myself with such a husband a that.
Chicago Tribune.
GENERALS OF OUR CIVIL WAR
Few of tie Old Division Commanden How
Among the Living.
RANKS OF THE UNION LEADERS THINNING
Interesting Anecdotes Recalled by
General "Baldy" Smith's Death
His t'oasplcooaa Part la the
Great Straggle.
In this country we have no more forcible
reminder of the fact that we are entering
upon a new era In our national history
than the bulletins which announce to us
from day to day the death of the men who
figured prominently In the command ot
our army during the civil war. The three
chief commanders long ago passed away,
and since their deaths the ranks of the
men who actively upheld the Union have
been thinning with steadily increasing ra
pidity. The deaths of General Benjamin
F. Butler, General Franklin and General
William Farrar Bmlth remove among the
last of the men who Inaugurated and con
ducted separate campaigns. There are
now living but fourteen major generals who
held that rank during the civil war, and
of. these only one or two ever commanded
Independent divisions or corps. As these
figures pass from the scene of present day
affairs many contrast between the way
In which they met and solved the problems
of their day, and the methods followed at
the present time are presented. Much ot
the plctureaqueness of civil war times has
disappeared In our ordinary life, and this
la even truer In the case of our military
and naval establishments. For instance, In
connection with the death of General
Smith, "Baldy" Smith lie was always called
by his intimates, it will be pleasant
to recall as a key to the man's character
the courage and resourcefulness with which
he conducted his campaign with the Army
of the Potomac In the action leading up to
the attack on Richmond. No more pic-
turesaue Incident stands out from the
history of the civil war. Smith command
was a "movable column," consisting of
16,000 infantry, sixteen pieces of artillery.
Anil a nnuadron of cavalry, and he wa
oraerea 10 join mo "j v. .
On June 1 he took up a position near Cold
Spring Harbor, engaged the enemy for
d on tho Xourteenth retired
Pi"' y"; . -tk. rfav he
..,i, t...dk,- .nil
tht night moved forward, meeting the
enemy early next morning. some rme
p!u were captured. and Bmlth formed lines
In front of the fortincations oi reters
burg.
Acting His own scooi.
The enemy' artillery wa strong and
well served, and Smith could not bring up
hi own gun. He had no engineer officer
to make a reconnolssance of the enemy'
line to discover it weak point, and so
"Baldy" Smith became hi own scout.
crawling on hi hand and knee for two
hours. -He coaxed his men forward, in
small bodlea, . gradually getting hi gun
into position, and this way they fought
until 7. o'clock In. the evening when a
general assault was ordered. Two hour
later the principal fortification to the key
tf trie-confederacy were taken.. Smith lost
too men In round numbers. BOO of whom
were negroes. He took sixteen guns, six
being captured by the black troops, who
fought - gallantly. Hancock' troop had
been ordered to operate with Smith at this
battle, but the Instruction were defective
and the corp wa delayed. Bmlth always
believed - that the defective Instructions
were given to embarrass him.
. Of General Smith General Grant once
said: "Smith, while a very able officer, is
obstinate and Is likely to condemn what
ever Is not suggested by himself." He wa
not averse to criticising his superior In
command, and this fact did not add to
- Popularity In certain quarter. He was
a nKhter, not a diplomat, and a a reault
n in career uuriiix tuv wm w m .vviiiij
one.
It wa In the Virginia peninsular cam
paign that hi real active eervlce be
gan, ana out OI wnicn mere arose tne
famou controversy which wa ended but
three year ago. After the battle of
Chlckamauga on September 21, 1863, Gen
oral Rosencrana drew up hi array near the
southern side of Chattanooga, Tenn. The
railroad connecting Chattanooga with
Bridgeport, which formed the then only
available base of supplies from the north,
left the city, crossed Chattanooga creek
near It mouth, followed tbe river closely
to tbe north end of Lookout mountain
passed through a tunnel and then de-
Morton in the Cabinet
Alfred Henry Lewis contributes to the
Haturdav Evening Post some reminiscence
of members of the cabinet during President
Cleveland' second term. A few are told
of the late J. Sterling Morton, the first
Nebraska democrat to be honored with a
seat at the president's council table. Mr.
Lewis writes:
"The stubborn Morton ot th Department
of Agriculture waa by training a newspaper
man. Long ago, in Wilbur Story day, and
when the Chicago Times waa a power ana
the government used to arrest Its publisher
for treason, Morton wrote editorials lor
that imprint Perchance It waa thu he
cultivated that profound taste for com Dai.
Morton had the true Wilbur Btory notion ot
how a paper should be conducted. Said
the ill-used Sir Peter Teaxle: "Sir Oliver,
wo live in a damned wicked world, and the;
fewer we praise the better." That waa the
Wilbur Btory thought; that, too, was Mor-
ton's.
'Long ago the latter set forth the cardl-
nals of proper newspaper control, as he
understood them, in an after-dinner speech.
He was called upon to respond to the toast,
The Friend of the Newspaper,' a senti
ment supposed at that time to conceal
within Itself a compliment for the guest of
honor at the dinner, and who may be sup
posed to have been a gentleman having
charge of the public advertising for the
city of Chicago. Morton 'went to his point
with a clear dlrectneas.
' 'I am called on,' said he, 'to speak to
the toast, "The Friend of the Newspaper."
What is the friend of a newspaper? The
friend of a newspaper ta a man who wants
you to leave out something you ought to
put in. or to put in something you ought
I to leave out rnenasnip to a newspaper is
a disaster to a newspaper; Friendship gets
between the newspaper'a feet, trlpa It. and
over It goes on Its nose. To eucceed with
a newspaper It Is only required that you
interest folk; you do that even more thor-
ougniy wnen you ic m man imu mi aui-
ter than when you help mm out. My own
thought is that, for th best Interest of
hls-paper, your wise publisher will list his
enemies aa an asset and his friends as a
liability." ,
Both Greeham and Morton were gifted
with a mighty deal of what folk call corn-
bouched Into the northern end of Lookout
valley. All passes In the mountain were
abandoned, for the union line waa behind
Chattanooga creek and Lookout valley.
General Roaencrans, in command at
Chattanooga, wa In a dangerous position,
and the condition of his army, shut oft as
It was from Its base, was described by
General Grant in his Memoirs as follows:
"This country afforded but little food for
his (Roeecrans') animals, nearly 10,000 of
which had already starved, and not enough
were left to draw a single piece of artillery,
or even ambulances to convey the sick. The
men had been on half rations of hard bread
for a considerable time, with but few other
supplies except beef from Nashville, across
the country. The region along the road be
came so exhausted ot food for cattle that
by the time they reached Chattanooga they
were much In the condition of the few ani
mal left alive there. Indeed, the beef was i
b poor that the soldiers were in the habit
of saying with a faint facetlousnesa that
they were living 'on half rations ot hard
bread and beef dried on the hoof.' "
Grant arrived at Chattanooga on October
23, and the next day General Smith, who
was then chief engineer of the Army of the
Cumberland, with the commander-in-chief
reconnoitered the position which the for
mer said he hnd discovered at the mouth ot
Lookout Valley. General Smith's plan was
to surprise the enemy, seise the hills, south
of the Tennessee river at Brown' Ferry,
build a pontoon bridge, recover the lines of
communication, and. gain control of the
river. General Grant gave his sanction and
deputed "Baldy" Smith to command the
force which were to capture the heights
and Lookout Valley.
The movement, carried out on October 27,
was successful and tne army relieved,
which allowed General Sherman to reach
Chattanooga, and made possible the victory
of Missionary Ridge. Thanks were ten
dered to General Smith and his officers, and
In general order No. 265, Issued on Novem
ber 7, 1863, General Thomas, who had suc
ceeded Roeecrans, sold:
'To Brigadier General W. F. Bmlth, chief
engineer, should be accorded great praise
for the Ingenuity which conceived and the
ability which executed the movement at
Brown' Ferry. When the bridge- wa
thrown at Brown' Ferry on the morning of
the 27th the surprise was a great to the
army within as to the army besieging It
from without."
Stolen Tnnader.
The enemy made no further attempt to
gain Lookout valley. For more than thirty
years the glory for this movement belonged
to General Smith. A few years ago, how
ever, the atlas of the Chlckamauga and
Chattanooga National Park commission
was Issued, and in it was the legend which
asserted "that at daylight of October 27
the river line' of communication with
Bridgeport was opened by execution of a
plan for recovering Lookout valley, de
vised by General Rosecratts." "Baldy"
Smith declared this was Incorrect, and
asked for an Investigation.
On August 23, 1900, a board of army offi
cer met at Governor's Island, in New
Yor harbor, to consider the matter. From
the findings of the court it would appear
that "Baldy" Smith had stolen General
Rosecrans' thunder. Among other things,
the report of the hoard, said: -
The -board failed; trr irmT evidence "That
Bmlth was the originator ot plana for the
relief of Chattanooga by military opera
tions to be conducted on Lookout valley.
but abundant evidence that the plan which
contemplated crossings of the' Tennessee
river at Bridgeport and at tho northern
end of Lookout valley, and which was ex
ecuted by General Thomas October 26-28,
was devised and prepared by Rosecrans
before relinquishing command, and that it
execution was begun under order Issued
by Thomas the very night, October 19,
that Rosecrans was relieved from com
mand of the Department of Cumberland,
without consultation with Smith."
- It was brought out at the investigation
that General Rosecrans In September, 1863,
had issued orders to reoccupy Lookout val
ley by reinforcements from tbe north,
which were to operate with troops from
Chattanooga. The plans Involved the cross
ing of the Tennessee river at Brown's
Ferry by a bridge. Reinforcement under
General Hooker arrived at Bridgeport on
September 10, and Smith, reaching Chatta
nooga about the same time, wa told of the
contemplated movement. . According to the
testimony, Smith made no reconnoissanc
of the river until October 19, the day Gen
eral Rosecrans waa relieved, and the latter
was really responsible for the detail of
the movement which Generals Smith and
Hooker, directed by General Thomas, car
ried out. New York Evening Post.
mon-nse. They hated frllla and flounces.
and had scant patience with the mysterious
high assumption ot office as though a
Phoenix were to be presently natcnea. i ney
came from peoples ana regions wnere men
eat dinner at noon; where diplomacy I
aireci ana proceeas oy mai axiom, a
tralght line is the shortest distance be-
tween two points. Ana mey were im-
patient of pretense. Speaking of the State
department and it demand. Gresham on
one occasion rwoirwu.
"Men are daxzled by the sise of a stake,
xney minx oecause ouiions are at Day in a
controversy the principle involved must be
as abstruse as a secret or me uaes. a a
matter oi laci, every country justice oi tne
peace grapples continually with question
quite aa difficult a any one will meet In
the Department ot Btate. The dispute over
our Alaskan boundary involve nothing
more desperate than a common case of
trespass would present, while our wrangle
concerning the Canadian killing seal doe
not propose so many nor such tangled law
riddles as might be flung at one in any re
plevin suit for a pig."
Morton added to this attitude of common
place which distinguished Gresham a bent
to be ironical. He looked on his depart
ment as a humbug practiced upon the peo
pleIt wa root and trunk and branch an
Imposition.
"Ever been In that little house east of the
main building?" he would ask. "That's my
huff hnuae: vou onrht ta ma In that hniia.
I've mot n 130 000 hnir hived un In tn.t hmi.e.
Common-looklni bua- at that: vou'd hardlv
think he was worth the money. You see.
he's a new sort of bug. My scientists heard
0f him. and at once organised an expedl-
tlon. He waa said to be hldlna In the
Rocky mountains. It wa last summer.
when my predecessor. Jerry Rusk, held this
pet. My scientists burst Into the Rockies
n(j took the trail of this bug. They pressed
hotly; they chased him to a point
northward of the Yukon river. In Alasks.
Then he doubled on them; he wa running
Into th winter, and so were my scientists.
Naturally they headed for the south, for
neither the bug nor my scientists are such
fools a one might think. The hunt swept
along until the bug again eluded my scien
tists somewhere In the more tangled cm-
COOPERATIVE HOME GETTING
Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Nebraiia
League of Local Association.
SYNOPSIS OF SOME PAPERS PRESENTED
Annexing Savings Bank Fentnrea Pro
nonnced Illegal and Impracticable
Separate Expense Fnnda nnd
Forfeiture Condemned.
The twelve annual meeting of the Ne
braska State League of Local Building and
Loan associations was held at Wahoo last
Thursday. Thirty-two delegates, represent
ing fifteen associations, were present. Hon.
E. Roys, secretary of the State Banking
board, and his predecessor, Hon. P. L.
Hall, . and L. V. Haskell, state bank ex
aminer, were among the visitors. Consid
erable recreation preceded and closed the
afternoon and evening sessions. Wahoo as
sociations, represented by Dr. Ben B. Rupp,
H. M. Stratton and F. R. Clark, acted as
entertalnem and performed the task in a
delightful fashion. A ride around the city,
'over hills and through valleys, afforded a
perspective of rural beauty In May garb
unsurpassed In the state. Elegant and
modest homes dotted the gently sloping
hill. Many new buildings are under way.
Evidences of thrift and prosperity are vis
ible In the business and residence section.
Well kept lawns, permanent sidewalks.
freshly painted buildings and the banish
ment of fence gave an air of tidiness' that
called from one admiring visitor the ex
clamation, - "A rural ruby In an emerald
setting." - A banquet fittingly closed the
hospitable features of the meeting.
Only one question of special importance
came up for action. At the preceding meet
ing a committee waa appointed to consider
and report on the feasibility and legality of
adding saving bank features to building
and loan association. Dr. Hall had on
several occasions urged the adoption of
aavlngs bank methods in order that mem
bers might deposit any sum available at Ir
regular time. A majority of the commit
tee reported against the proposition on the
ground that it wa clearly illegal and would
render shareholders liable for double the
amount of their stock, as I the case with
all other banking Institutions of the state,
'Outside of any legal complications," says
the report, "we think the building and loan
association proper ha a legitimate and
broad field of usefulness in a Community
and that a strict adherence to tho funda
mental principle of the association will
best serve the Interest of all parties con
nected with the same.
"Should It be desirable In any community.
In order to meet the demands of depositors.
that a saving bank feature should be
added, we think It would be far better to
organise a saving bank proper, outside of
the building and loart association, and let
It have no connection therewith."
After a lengthy discussion the report waa
adopted.
Expense Fundi nnd Forfeiture.
President Bentley called attention to sev
eral .natters of current Interest in hi an
nual address. He reviewed the work of
-tho-reaa-ue in promoting legislation giving
the Btate Banking Board supervisory con
trol of installment Investment companies,
In securing the correction of error In the
revenue bill, involving double taxation of
building and loan associations, and the as
sistance rendered Attorney General Prout
In prosecuting to a successful conclusion
quo warranto proceedings against "home
co-operative companies." Mr. Bentley said
that the root of the graft In these and Its
predecessors, national associations, bond
companies, diamond tontiner and deben
tures, wa the forfeiture of lapsed share
and separate expense funds. The contribu
tion of H i month to the Investment fund
and 25 cents a month to the expense fund
Is not an uncommon one. Thla meant that
the victim paid the company 13 during the
first year for Investing 12 for him. Mr.
Bentley said the correct principle in re
gard to the profits and expense of com
panies organised to Invest periodical con
tributions for the account of the con
tributor is embodied In our building and
loan association law. Expenses are paid
out of the gross profits and dividend and
net profits are made pro rata, according to
amount contributed by member. Any
deviation from thia rule by an Investment
company must of necessity work injustice
to some class of contributors. "The for
feiture ot contribution already paid in,
where the contributor doe not continue to
make hi periodical contribution," said Mr.
Recollections of the Tree
Planter While in Washington.
region of the Isthmus of Panama. Mv
scientists were In desDalr. Thev were ta
succeed at last, however; a scientist always
succeeds. Just aa they were packing up to
come home they got word that their bug
had been beard of in the District of Colum-
Wa. you see he had surrendered; finding
MCape Impossible, that bug had come on to
Washington of his own accord, and sent in
word that he was ready to take the oath of
allegiance or anything else we might pre-
serine, vn tne heels of the new my aclen-
tlsts came trooping Into camp and captured
tbe pug somewhere out toward the Soldiers'
home. The expense of that bug hunt were
over ix.ooo. But w got the bug: so what
more couia a taxpayer ask?"
Morton was ferocious with hi "sclen
flats." aa he called them. The chief of the
weather bureau came in one afternoon. He
laid a typewritten report of 2.S00 words on
Morton's desk.
"Mr. Secretary. X can tell you in a few
words what that I." said the weather
maker briskly. Morton looked coldly on
him. "The man at our observatory at
Baker City, Ore., has not reported the
weather for four days I set forth th
fact In this report. Also, I make the rec
ommendation that our Mr. Smith, at Ban
Francisco, be Instructed to proceed to
Baker City at an expense not to exceed
(3u0. Investigate the silence of our Baker
City man. and report"
Yes," drawled Morton with an IneftUbl
"Contempt dominant In his tones. "Well,
we'u nd our Mr- Bmlth, at San Francisco,
i u rApeiisa nut to exceea wnen oral-
nary means have failed. What's this Bak
City feliow'a name?"
",onn r weamer maker wa
much "Mtfallen.
Morton wrote the following wire to "John
1rak- Baker City. Oregon: Why have not
you rPrt6d tha weather during the past
four days?" Within the half hour he re
ceived this return message: "Because the
wire were down In the mountain. Fixed
this morning."
"There!" said Morton. "Of course that
not the scientific way to do this. It costs
7$ cents Instead of $3M, for one thing; be
side, it saves time, which is aa unsclne
tlflo a aavlng money,
Bentley, "1 another grossly unjust feature
of the fraudulent Installment Investment
company. The canvasser for these compa
nies has always urged that forfeiture In
these investment companies Is similar, both
from a business and an equitable stand
point, to the extinguishment of the interest
of the member of a fraternal Insurance so
ciety when he ceases to contribute to Its
funds The victim believes the story at
first, but on closi Inspection he sees that
in the fraternal society all his contributions
have, according to the contract, been dis
bursed in paying benefits and there Is no
fund left to his credit which can be subject
to forfeit. In the investment company, ac-'
cording to contract,, hi contributions are
Invested and form a fund standing to his
credit. So that if the rules or contracts
provide that this fund Is to be forfeited
when he lapses, he Is virtually robbed of
the fund thus accumulated by his Indus
try and .self-sacrifice."
Mr. Bentley cautioned the league to
watch carefully for the expense fund and
the forfeiture feature in concerns which
seek to operste under the new law. If they
are given legal sanction under the law
they will perpetrate a aerie of petty
frauds among the working classes.
Opportunity (or Associations.
Hon. E. Royse, secretary of the Btate
Banking board, defined the purpose of a
building and loan association and the lines
It must follow to Insure success. What
ever element of philanthrophy enters Into
the scheme, he said, must not interfere
with the cold calculation of profits. It
must be operated strictly upon buslnens
lines and with fidelity, which know
neither temptation nor sentiment "We are
rapidly teaching that period," said Mr.
Royse, "where values and condition must
from necessity become more stationary and
Axed, which means that the gaining of a
competence must be by slower and urer
methods.
"It Is but a few year since an entrance
fee of SM and a willingness to brave the
privations ; of homestead life would give
any man a farm of 160 acres. That day has
gone by In Nebraska. The man starting
to make for himself and family a home In
Nebraska land, with farm land from $50
to $100 per acre, ha a different proposi
tion to face from the man who needed but
sufficient nerve and funds to squat on gov
ernment land. It 1 these matured condi
tions which furnish a Held for building
and loan associations, which from their
natqre to thrive and prosper must be pat
ronised by people of small opportunities.
We are r.ow on the threshold of the build
ing and loan era in this state and the
member of th league who are laying the
foundation upon which the future of these
Institutions must rest are building for
themselves a monument upon which, we
hope, future generations will look with
pride and satisfaction.
"The man who would engraft upon In
stitutions having uch a mission anything
of a nature wildcat or visionary deserves
condemnation. Keep these Institutions
along safe lines, a you have done In the
past, and a the necessity for them In
creases you will have your reward In wit
nessing their future growth and pros
perlty."
Home Co-operative Graft.
The death and burial of the "home co
operative companies," outlawed In Ne
braska by the. decision of the state su
preme court was the subject of a memorial
paper by T. J. FltsmorrlB. The largest
and probably the parent of these com
panles was the Kansas City Co-operative
company, which was excluded from the
state by the banking board, and ' which
subsequently purchased the remnants of
the company condemned by our supreme
court Last January the Postofftce de
partment issued a fraud order against the
company. Proceedings were Instituted by
the company in the federal court at Kansas
City to have the order set aside. Testl
mony was taken by a commissioner last
April and a summary of thla testimony
demonstrating the utter inability of tbe
company to fulfill its contract, formed
the basis of the paper. According to the
books of the company and the testimony
of . Samuel Eppsteln, secretary, the com
pany bad issued 17,240 contract up to Oc
tober, 1902, of which 40 per cent were dead
or lapsed contract. There was but (800
In th home fund to meet a deficit of $67,600
on December 21, 1902, which was increased
in January and February of this year to
274,000. It wa alao shown that the com
pany waa hopelessly insolvent in October,
1902, its condition becoming worse and
worse each month, and yet the secretary
admitted that these facta were carefully
concealed from the company' contract
holder and the public, and the company
kept advertising for new business, making
talse reports and promise in the hope of
staving oft utter failure by new business.
To holders of lapsed contracts the com
pany returned M.600. The company ma
tured, all told, 360 contracts, and bought
homes for 250 contract holders. The total
receipt of the company, aa shown by the
books, were 1246,600. Out of this there was
paid oti homes contracted tor 2132,100, leav
ing the company profits amounting to 9114.
700 almost 50 per cent of the income. Be
sides, there was the admission fee of S3
per contract for which the purchaser re
ceived no credit. This would add $51,720 to
the company' profit, making the total
profit $106,430. Nor waa this all. When
the company was sold to St. Louis parties
in September last the retiring promoters
divided $9,000, the amount received among
themselves, and left a deficit of $17,S00 for
the new owners to worry over. "Out of
this mess of dishonesty and false pretense.
said Mr. Fltsmorris, "some good ha come.
We may congratulate ourselves and the
state that it was instrumental in securing
the enactment of a law designed to prevent
the operation of similar fraudulent con
cerns in he future."
Paper vera read by G. M. Nattlnger,
Omaha; A. Truesdell, Fremont; G. H. Gil-
more, Omaha; R. M. GUlan, Auburn; D,
H. Chiiste, umana. These paper re
lated to business methods and details, the
qualification and duties of officers and the
Influence of associations on private citizen
ship, y
Columbus wa chosen for the nettt meet
ing. Th old officer were unanimously re
elected, and C. F. Bentley, A. Truesdell,
T. J. Fltsmorris, G. M. Nattlnger, D. H.
Christie, and II. M. Stratton elected dele
gates to the United States league meeting
at Boston In July.
Food Snpaly ( Each Person.
Some statistical person has figured out
that every man, woman and child In the
United States Is entitled, through the
bounty of Providence and the energy of
the American farmer, to the following food
supply during the year: Thirty-five bush
els of corn, 12 bushels of oats, 8 bushels
of wheat, IVi bushels of barley, Vi bushel
of buckwheat, $.29 pounds of rice, $.60 bush
els of potatoes, 4 64 pounds of sugar, half
a gallon of syrup, one-fifth of a bushel of
beans, half a bushel ot sweet potatoes.
three-fourths of a cow, four-fifths ot a fat
hog, half a sheep, 1.79 bushels of orchard
fruits and so on and so one. And yet, with
all this variety and abundance, some peo
ple continue to eat breakfast food! Indi
ana polls Journal.
TRANSPLANTS INDIAN CRAVE
Pe&body Musenm tt Camlr'dg. Acquire
6 tran go Property.
TWO SKELETONS FOUND RUBBING NOSES
Professors Incline to the Belief that
the Flesh Waa Removed Before
the Barlnl Centarlew
Ago.
In the Mound Builders' hall, a it 1 called.
In the Peabody museum of Harvard univer
sity, there has r cently been placed ou ex
hibition an Indian grave, containing the
mortal remains of two North American In
dians, arranged exactly aa It was discovered -
not long ago by an archaeloglcal expedition
sent out under th Joint auvptces of tho
Peabody museum and the University ot
California. From our modern point of view
It Is not A very spacious grave, especlnlly
for a double grave, for it 1 only about two
feet ten Inches In length. In the opinion
of D. L Bushnell, Jr., of the Teabody
museum, who with W. C. Farabee of Har
vard d'tcovered the old grave. It Is evi
dent however, that the flesh had been re
moved from the bones before burial a cus
tom that survived among some of th
American tribes well Into the last century.
Tho skeleton were therefore Interred with
out much regard to longitudinal comfort,
although, looking down Into the grave, one
might Imagine that the two Indian had
been burled In a sort of tete-a-tete, for their
two skulls are face to face across nn
earthenware bowl that was burled with
them.
Found Near Mastodon Bed.
. The grave waa originally found under tho
surface of a bit ot plowed land 4n Jefferson
county, Missouri, not far distant from the
famous mastodon bed where, about seventy-live
year ago, some of the first of tho
many mastodon remain that have been
found in various port of the United State
were discovered. It comprise six slab ot
limestone, one ot which 1 so perfectly
squared that it suggests the use of tools in.
the hands of the grave makers, although
more probably it is simply an unusually
perfect specimen of a natural slab of native
rock. These six slab constitute the side
Of the grave, which is twenty Inches deep,
and the bottom la filled in with broken bit
of pottery fragment of uch big earthen
waro bowl aa are found throuehout the
Indian mounds and are commonly known
a "salt pans," although their more usual
purpose wa probably ' that of atoves or
ovens.
The broken bowls that make the bottom
of the old grave now at Harvard were
doubtless, nevertheless, real salt pans a
well aa stoves, for the site of the cemetery
from which the grave was taken waa not
far from certain salt licks on Rock creek,
then easily navigable for canoes to the
Mississippi river, only one and a half mile
distant ,'
Revealed by Excavating;.
The excavation conducted In this neigh
borhood disclosed twenty-seven grave and
the remain of a small Indian village, the
whole dating probably from not earlier than
the seventeenth -centuryr Th village -and ;
f a m rtt irT .'.p. .Uiiq I i n m .mall Kluff
overlooking the creek and now used aa a
farm, and the graves, which were orig
inally about two feet under the surface,
were first discovered by a farmer' plow
which wa being driven over the ground
not far from where the archaeologist were
excavating the remain of the village. Pre
vious cultivation of the land had gradually
removed the two feet of earth that once
covered them.
All of the grave were not like the on ,
that ha been transported to Cambridge,
although they were all built in the same
general fashion. In some case the bottom
of the grave waa completed with slab of
limestone instead of broken pottery,' and In
others the graves were lined throughout
with broken pottery. It seem unlikely,
however, that the Indian would have
actually demolished any of their larger
earthenware vessel for this purpose, aa
these were probably an Inheritance from
more highly civilized ancestor, and the
grave maker are not known to have had
any way of replacing them. Certain smaller
bowls undoubtedly contained food to sus
tain the warrior on hi Journey to th
'Happy Hunting Ground."
Evidences Economy.
In soms of the Rock creek graves, how-
3 V "3 , Ulll VIIV MUWI " a,uuau wa n v
warrior, strongly suggesting economy on
the part of his relatives, while In other
case the presence of three or four bowl
for a single Indian suggests the thought
that here wa a stout trencherman who
appetite had been appreciated by hi sur
viving family.
The twenty-seven grave also differed
materially In sise. Same ot them were very
small, and yet like th Peabody museum
specimen, contained two or more skeletons.
Others were much larger, although no
deeper. In one case the grave contained
complete skeleton laid out at length, '
and In another case there were two com
partments, one above the other and sep
arated by slab of limestone, each ot which
contained an. entire akeleton. In yet an
other case th grave wa evidently orig
inally made larger than wa afterward
found necessary and the limestone cham
ber Is smaller than the hole that waa dug
to contain it
Bone tlutply Plied In.
In the larger grave it may have hap
pened that the bodies were burled Imme
diately after death, while in the smaller
graves it is equally probable that .the oc
cupants died either far away from horn
or during the winter when the ground
could not be opened, and that their bones
were preserved and later deposited In their
final resting places,- for there was no effort
at regularly laying out the skeletons. Th
bones were simply piled into the grave
with the skulls resting on top, and th
grave men cuvcicu wci.
Th place where the graves were dis
covered Is twenty or thirty miles southwest
of the famous Cahokta mound In Illinois
and somewhat further from a long chain
ot smaller Indian mounds, which, although
as yet unexplored, make this region on
of th richest In North America in archr
uinlorlcal tiosslbllltles. Near the cemetery
was also found one of the "footprints,'
so-called, which are occasionally found
throughout the Mississippi valley. Th
ready discovered. Is a carving on lime
stone, and two similar carvings were also
found on the banks of the Mississippi near
where Rock creek empties Into It. The
actual history and meaning of these real
istic bits of native American sculpture I
one of the questions that archaeology hal
yet to answer.
Now doth the woman who pursue
Th Idler avocation
lieicin to wonder where on earth .-
fc'lie'll go for her "vacation." '.
Baltimore American,
I
