THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 14, , 1003.
The omaiia Daily Dee
E. ROBEWATER. EDITOR.
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STATEMENT OF CIRCULATION.
State of Nebraska, Douglas County, !
George B. Tsschuek, secretary of The Bee
Ci.hHal.lntf nninnanv hAlnir HulV SWOm. Sayl
that the actual number of full n' ,,
copies of The Dally, Morning. Ktening ana
Sunday Bee printed dining the month of
January, i wa. as follows:
2 , 30,250
8 30.T00
i 2S.805
6 30,600
1 80,(120
7 SO.HiiO
! f 30.4M0
80,480
10 0,R50
U 2K,70
J2 30.RAO
18 30,fS0
14 80.4WO
15 3(,370
1 30,470
18 zs.n i
20 30,0.10 I
n"" si nso I
22 30,440 1
3 nl
2!kbo
28 30,370 I
27 3o,B7o i
"."""iso'.oao
aolllllllll 30,670
n 30,6io
8lvTU 4SS
Less unsold and returned copies.... 9.875
Net total sales .3t,oT
Net average sales ao.uoa
oeorge b. TzscMuc..
Subscribed Jn my presence and eworn to
before me this siat day of January, a, D. I
- ... W-l1ITTX.T1Arftr I
J1"- nw"?'.
ia .i Notary ruuuo. i
A tat rate as lowor lower than that
of any other city of the same size will further liability to the state on the pay
he the best advertisement Omaha can ment of the costs of the' suit on the
,
Those valentines that were to have
been distributed by the republican city
convention will come later in the form
of Easter cards.
On careful students of American his- bondsmen,
tory a Jeffcrson-Jackson-Llncoln league It is the manifest duty of the legis
intist make an impression chiefly aa a lature to summon Savage, Bartley and
merger of misnomers. I
Which school book trust Is paying the
expenses of the attorney of the Omaha
Board of Education aa member, of the
legislative lobby at Lincoln?
No arbitration for the little differ-
ences between Bolivia' and Brazil,
Bolivia simply yields unavoidable 'com
pliance with Brazil's .demands.
Lafe Ycung has discovered that the
trusts are only a fleeting show to vain
illusion given. Lafe baa always been I
endowed with a rainbow vision.
Before being recognized as the repre-
sentatlve of the Almighty, President
Baer should be required to show up
something in the nature of credentials.
Any Omaha sports who got caught
playing the races through sure-thing tips
of middlemen will have to nurse their
wn losses without expecting sympathy,
John N. Baldwin could have spoken
from the ripeness of experience had he
talked on "How to Manipulate the
Legislature" rather than on "Tariff and that can make an Impartial investiga
te Trusts." tlon of all the facta connected with the
Colonel Bryan calls on democrats who
re democrats from principle to assert
themselves. The trouble Is too many of
mem are democrats ror spous nrst ana
principle afterward.
Young Mr. Armour has Inspected his
properties In South - Omaha and South
Omaha has inspected young, Mr. Ar
mour. Both are satisfied with the re
sult of the inspection.
The omnibus statehood bill Is to be
offered as a rider ou the postofllce ap-
propriation bill. That is reversing the
usual conditions, for riders generally
attach themselves to the omnibus.
An inequality In taxation pronounced
by the supreme court of the state to be
"repugnant to the most rudimentary
principles of Justice" cannot be ignored
by our lawmakers. Inaction on .their
part is the same as endorsing injustice
and inequality.
Democrats In congress find themselves
In an embarrassing predicament on the
Elklns anti-rebate bill. Having fulml-
nated against the trusts so loudly, when
confronted with the necessity of voting
for or against a republican measure all
they can do Is to Indulge In explana -
tlons.
An Increase of capital stock froni
$1,S00,0()0 to $2,400,000 would seem to
justify tne impression mat the Ne-
braska Telephone compauy Is a pros-
perous concern. How much of the cap -
Ital stock represents tangible property
and what proportion of It represents
rrancmae vaiue uaseu ou surplus ?arn
lnga Is not yet divulged.
"Local " Self-Uovernment for Cities"
was tltc, subject selected by Tom
Johnson for his response at the Coluin- has been weighing heavily upon them
bus tanquet This Is only a clrcum- for years and which retards their ma
locution for "Municipal Home Rule," terial and moral growth. The people
which Is coming to the front aa an who are revolting against (Turkish rule
Issue In every progressive common- are wholly without sympathy with tbe
wealth. Nebraska should get Into the moral and political principles of the
forefront by practicing borne rule while government to which they are compelled
ether are merely preaching It to give allegiance. There la nothing In
StUD FOB PERSOXS AfD PAPKR9.
When Eitra P. Savage liberated the
embezzling ex-state treasurer, Joseph 8.
Hartley, on parole In July, 1001, he
coupled his extraordinary action with
the no.iironro thnt conditions had been
imposed upon Hartley that would, when
fulfilled, fully satisfy the people of
Nebraska. - In several Interviews with
representatives Of the press the gov-
ernor aonght to make It clear that rewtl-
tutlon of ft very large amount of the
einbezalcd funds would be made within
a short time.
While no specific amount was named,
It was a common belief at the state
capita) that the governor had an agree
able surprise In store for the taxpayers
of the state In the shape of a reduction
of the state debt by from $100,000 to
$100,000. When the republican conven
tlon requested the governor to cut short
summarily the Bartley parole the action
of the convention was deprecated on
the ground that the return of Bartley
to prison would prevent him from col-
lpCtufr large 11019 of money for which
he held I-O-U's
Before Bartley was pardoned outright
the hope was still held out to the tax
payers of Nebraska that a large part
of the Bartley defalcation would be
made good In due time. In attempting
... .
t0 justify the final pardon of Bartley,
Governor Savage claimed to have in his
possession a cigar dox run or ODiiga-
tlons from parties who had obtained
r
loans from Bartley and had not re-
pudlated them
Bartley has been out of prison now
for more than a year. He Is reputed to
have Investments In mining properties
jn coiora(j0 and real estate of consider
nbl value. There Is a well-defined
rumor that most of his time and talents
nave been devoted to speculation In
grain options with funds recovered from
the wreck of the state treasury. How
much Mr. Bartley has been able to col-
ject and how much he will eventually
bo ab,e to recover u as profound a
mystery as are the contents or that
hlatnrlo elirnr hnr.
The errort now Deing maae to release
Mr. Bartley and his bondsmen from all
bond makes it the imperative fluty or
the legislature to institute a thorough
and searching Inquiry Into the deals
between Bartley and Ravage, with a
view to recovering for the state moneys
loaned by him to parties that are solvent
before any settlement Is made with his
a" otner parties wno nave ueen mixed
up In his financial transactions and
speculations and compel them to pro-
duce all the I-O-U's, whether outlawed
" not outlawed, with a view to having
them placed for collection in the hands
of the attorney general. The Bartley
defalcation entailed upon the taxpayers
of Nebraska a loss of more than $000,000
and It Is not asking, or expecting, too
much at the hands of the legislature
that an effort be made to recover at
least a small fraction of the enormous
sum.
Another duty the legislature cannot
shirk Is an Investigation Into he
Meserve absorption of interest on school
fund deposits and the Stuefer bond
deals, which have never been satls-
factorlly expiated to the people of Ne
b rank a. . Such an inquiry is demanded.
I not merely in the interest of the tax-
payers, but also on behalf of Mr. Stuefer,
who has always claimed that all the
bond purchases made by him as treas
urer were perfectly legitimate and
square. If Injustice has been done
either Meserve or Stuefer they are en-
titled to vindication at the hands of
the legislature, which Is the only body
deposit and Investment of state funds
If however. any money beloneln to
the Kte hag beeu fliverted to private
pockets by their transactions, proceed-
,ng8 should be instituted for its re
covery.
THE tURUPEAH WAR LOVD.
The indications of a war in Europe
are very strong and while a conflict
may be averted the conditions are such
as to Justify the most serious appre
hensions. The latest advices are of a
1 nature that seem to make an outbreak
inevitable and threaten to Involve
nearly every European country. The
trouble In Macedonia and Bulgaria, is
not confined ta those countries, but is
far-reaching and will have, if a re vol u
tlon breaks out an effect upon all of
Eurojw. There Is the possibility In this
I trouble of Inflaming every European
I country and thus drawing all of them
I into a conflict of, the most disastrous
I nature,
I The latest advices say that Russia
expects war and the preparations that
I are being made by the powers plaluly
I show that this Is the general4 feeling,
Both Russia and Austria are massing
troops on the Macedonian frontier and
In other ways preparing! for what they
I seem to regard as an inevitable struggle
1 with Turkey. It is possible that these
I preparations may be meant only as
warning to the Macedonians and to
assist Turkey in keeping order while
diplomacy is endeavoring to arrange for
a better future, but the aggravated
character of the trouble" does not prom
line that it can be settled except by
resort to arms. Tbe people who are
protesting against Turkish rule, pro-
- 1 rerDiauy oppressive ana unjust pud
I never more so than now, will
not be easily induced to forego
the opportunity which Is now presented
L,to relieve themselves of a burden that
common between them and the Turks
who are their rulers. There are not
only racial differences, but also religious
and social antagonisms of the most
radical nature.
It Is absolutely Impossible, therefore,
that these people can remain perma
nently subject to Turkish rule and
whether or not the Impending conflict
against that rule shall be successful it
Is but a question of time when the
Christian countries will be separated
from the authority of Turkey and
Mohammedanism. The existing relation
ship Is wholly anomalous and no such
unnatural connection can endure for
ever. Perhaps the time Is now at hand
for severing It and If this shall be ac
complished there will be a very posi
tive gain for the causeof civilization
and Intellectual and moral progress.
The American people have an Indirect
Interest In the European situation. A
general war In Europe would mean a
great deal to this country and there
fore we cannot be altogether Indifferent
to the conditions which threaten a con
flict that may involve all the continental
powers.
GROWTH OF THK CABllttT.
The constitution of the United States
does not provide for what is known as
the cabinet It says simply that the
president "may acquire the opinion. In
writing, of the principal officers in each
of the executive departments, upon any
subject relating to the duties of their
respective offices." The cabinet, there
fore, Is not a constitutional body and is
simply an advisory board, so to sneak,
which Is absolutely under the authority
of the president, having no authority
except as prescribed by law.
When the new Department of Com
merce and Labor is organized it will be
the third time within a century that
congress has created an additional
member of the cabinet The state, war,
treasury and postofllce departments
were established by law under the con
stltutlon. The navy, interior and agrl
cultural departments were established
by act of congress -as additions to the
original establishment The State de
partment established in 1789, was at
first called the department of foreign
affairs, the name subsequently being
changed by congressional, enactment.
The War department, organized the
same year, also had Jurisdiction over
naval affairs, but In 1708 a separate de
partment was authorized by congress.
The TostofBce department was a small
flair In 1780. The Interior department
was established in 1849, and the De
partment of Agriculture Just forty years
later.
There Is no limitation upon the power
of congress to create executive depart
ments and thus increaso the cabinet
but there has always been an unwil
lingness to do this, from the fact that an
unwieldy cabinet meant divided coun
sel and responsibility. There has been.
however, no serious difficulty on this
score. There are now nine executive
departments and it is quite probable
that the number will be Increased In
the futore, though It may be several
decades before another cabinet office Is
created.
Tfl PUBLICITY CLAUSE.
The publicity clause of the bill cre
ating a Department of Commerce and
Labor Is a very . Important feature,
though In the opinion of some it does
not go as far as is to be desired in
requiring corporations to acquaint the
public with their financial condition
and business operations. Provision is
made for a bureau of corporations, the
duty of which is to Investigate the or
ganization, conduct and management of
the business of a corporation engaged
in Interstate or foreign commerce. The
Information thus obtained is to be re
ported to the president, who may make
It public In his discretion. Tho com
missioner of corporations is given the
power to subpoena and compel the at
tendance of witnesses and the produc
tion of documentary evidence, and to
administer oaths.
Objection Is made to this that It does
not assure publicity, that the people
must depend upon the. president for ob
taining knowledge of the condition and
operations of the corporations reached
by the law. We do not think there
need be any apprehension thtt the of
ficials will fall to do their duty toward
the people In this matter. The rlan
provided for in the creation of the new
department Is practically the same as is
pursued In regard to the Investigation
of national banks and this has been
found entirely satisfactory. We have
no doubt but the publicity provision
of the Department of Commerce and
Labor law will fully meet its Intended
purpose. .
Tbe Douglas delegation, we are told,
has reached an agreement to Increase
the number of wards In the city from
nine to ten. Why not make It twelve
while they are about It? Denver has
sixteen wards and Kansas City eight
een, as we are Informed.' If tbe new
city council is to be made up of only
one member from each ward, twelve
councllineu would not be too many.
What Omaha really ought to have la
eighteen councilmen, twelve "to be
elected by the wards and six at large
regardless of residence. These council
meu should be chosen for one, two and
three years, so that one-third of the
council would always hold over. Such
an arrangement would always leave six
members in the council with practical
knowledge concerning the affairs of the
city and municipal legislation during
the previous year instead of having the
entire council made up of rsw recruits.
At every succeeding session of the leg
islature bills are introduced to dupll
cate laws already In the statute books.
Thus we find In the present session a
bill to prohibit nonresidents from per
forming police duty In Nebraska, when
aa antl-Plnkertea law covering these
provisions was enacted twelve years
ago. Another bill Just Introduced pro
poses to prohibit the sale of liquor to
habitual drunkards and make the sa
loon keeper responsible for damages In
curred by such sales. This feature was
embodied In the Sloctimb law years ago
and Is now on the statutes.
During the past ten years Douglas
county lias paid Into the state treasury
$1,000,000 In state taxes, or an average
of $lGi3,000 a year. Of this colossal con
tribution toward maintaining state gov
ernment Omaha lias paid four-fifths, or
about $1,3.10,0110, equal to $133,000 each
year. In the face of this showing the
proposition to take from Omaha Its due
share In the apportionment of the tem
porary school fund, based on the num
ber of school children In attendance In
its public schools, would seem nothing
less than the most rank Injustice.
In Pennsylvania the new governor Is
Insisting that the legislature tackle the
question of legislative redisricting, al
though there, as In Nebraska, this work
Is supposed to be done immediately
after each census. If the legislative
apportionment Is wrong and operates to
disfranchise a large part of the voting
population, leaving It stand unchanged
affords no remedy.
The constitution of Nebraska requires
the legislature to provide by general
law for "an equitable distribution of
the Increase of the fund set apart for
the support of the common schools
among the several school districts of
the state." No method of distribution
that gives one section of the state the
advantage over another section can be
called equitable.
A Prophecy Fulfilled.
Kansas city Star.
The St. Louis bookmakers must be con
vinced that James J. Hill knew what he
was talking about when be predicted that
a financial crash Is coming.
Reward of Perseverance.
Chicago News.
Everything comes to htm who waits.
After a lifetime of earnest labor and cheer
ful performance of humble duties Qrover
Cleveland has been made president of a
Ashing club.
It Wonld Not Stick.
Philadelphia North American.
There la law forbidding officials of tbe
United States government to accept "deco
rations" from foreign powers. Will It be
come necessary to extend It so aa to In
clude "orders" from domestic corporations,
A Profitable Industry.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
In the last eight months in Nebraska and
Wyoming have paid bounties on 44,000 wolf
Scalps, yet the beasts are reported to be
more numerous than ever. Perhaps some
of the ranchers have gone Into wolf culture
as a precaution against dry seasons,
Victor and Yanqnlahed.
Philadelphia Record.
Again Colonel Bryan has declined to at
tend a democratic banquet lest tbe over
shadowing presence of , Grover Cleveland
should disturb his serenity. Qrover Cleve
land, at any rate, is .too large a man to
decline to attend a democratic banquet be
cause of the. presence" f It?. Bryan or any
body else.
A are of Cabinet Positions.
Springfield Republican
Five of the executive departments of the
United States government date back to Its
beginning State, Treasury, War, Justice
and Postofllce. The Navy department was
added In 1798, the Interior department In
1849 and the Department of Agriculture In
1889. The latest addition, a department of
commerce and labor, Increases tbe cabinet
membership to nine.
Another Call to Arms.
Louisville Courier-Journal (dem.).
There Is to be a big barbecue of Iowa
"silver" democrats on Jefferson's birthday,
the object being to form a strong organiza
tion for recapturing tbe party machinery
In tbe state, nominating General James B.
Weaver for governor, sending a silver
democrat to tbe national democratic con
vention, and making another fight for silver.
And silver today at tbe ratio, not of 16 to
1, but 43 to II , . .
Somebody Shoold Be Punished. ,
( New York Post.
All organs of public opinion In congress,
the press and tbe bar ought to take notice
of the Doblln-Qulgg case at Washington
and not allow It to pass off as a mystery,
still less as a matter for Jest or sarcasm.
It is perfectly certain that perjury has
been committed of a peculiarly brazen and
damaging kind. It is provable that cor
ruptlon of a congressman was attempted
In order to get money from the public
treasury. Moreover, the dignity and au
tbortty of congress have been insulted and
flouted In the most glaring manner. If
such things can be done without somebody
going to the penitentiary there Is not much
use In having laws and a system of juris
prudence.
Passing of the Golden Weddlas;.
Boston Transcript.
One of the books that will be written i
generation or so hence will be "Tbe Pasa
Ing of the Golden Wedding" with several
chapters devoted to showing bow the silver
wedding and even tbe tin wedding fell Into
desuetude. For one pronounced result of
this giving and taking of divorcements with
so little ado will be the elimination of tbe
term "half a century of wedded bliss" from
our stereotyped expressions. Perhaps
though, by the time this species of con
stancy becomes quite extinct the govern
ment will offer large prizes to those who
can make up their minds to dwell together
for a quarter or halt a century, and some
where In 2000's there will be a golden wed
ding revival. Such legislation would be
quite as sane as that which proposes to tax
bachelors and spinsters for their single
bleasednesa.
THEY LOOKED O Ql'IETLY.
Waterloo's Fame as "the Placid Ho
of Languid Dreams."
New York Tribune.
Tbe peace loving Inhabitants of Waterloo
Neb., who gathered about and gazed wist
fully while a gang of burglars blew open
the town safe and carried off the contents,
exhibited a philosophical resignation with
respect to untoward happenings which 1
somewhat rare in tbe dashing and ad
venturous west. They looked on with mild
Interest aa tbe robbers took possession of
tbe property, but were not rude enough
to Interfere with the bagging of the booty
A peaceful. Idyllic hamlet that of Water
loo. Neb., although It bs a warlike name.
The a2ker of unruffled . of unbroken
calm, could not find a more serene retreat
than this western Waterloo. The eating of
lotos blooms Is probably the principal In
oustry la that placid boms of languid
dreama.
POLITICAL DRIFT.
A portrait of Grover Cleveland la to be
placed In tbe capltol of Montana. That Is
abundant provocation for a double-coJemn
"call to arms."
Ex-Mayor Ames of Minneapolis, fugitive
from justice, has beec located at tbe home
of a relative In Massachusetts and Is said
to be a mental and physical wreck.
Boston has an alderman who has con
fessed to swindling, and his associates will
not allow him to be expelled. "What's a
little thing like that between friends,
huh?"
In Texas, the state which gives the larg
est democratic majority, the republican
vote Is larger than In Louisiana, Missis
sippi, Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina and
Florida combined.
Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks of
Indiana was a graduate of Hanover college
at Madison in that state, and his widow
has given 825,000 tor the erection of a li
brary in his memory there.
Of those taking civil service examina
tions for appointment In federal depart
ments last year, 69 per cent received the
required percentage and 81 per cent fell
short of It. Of those who passed the ex
aminations 25 per cent were, and 75 per
cent were not, appointed.
The term of Mayor Harrison of Chicago
expires on May 1 and tbe municipal election
m that city will take place in April. There
Is a factional division In the democratlo
ranks which makes this year's contest
again a triangular one. When Chicago
does not have a triangular municipal con
test It is because there are four rival can
didates in the Held.
"Honest John" Mahoney is dead In New
Orleans. Mr. Mahoney's chief claim to
fame was his relentless exposure of official
crooks. So great Was his dislike of publla
grafting that he spent much of his time in
and about the city hall of New Orleans pry
ing loose crooked contracts and deals, and
made life exceedingly disagreeable tor the
crooks. He received mighty little help In
his work during life, but there was an un
commonly large "concourse of people" at
bis funeral.
One of the proposed changes In the New
Hampshire constitution, which the voters
of tbe state will pass upon on March 10,
relates to the phraseology of tbe bill of
rights of New Hampshire, adopted In 1783.
After reciting the necessity of morality and
piety, section 6 of this bill of rights em
powers the legislature "to authorize, from
time to time, the several towns, parishes,
bodies corporate or religious societies
within the state to make adequate pro
vision, at their own expense, for the sup
port and maintenance of public Protestant
teachers of piety, religion and morality."
The proposed amendment is the omission
of the word "Protestant."
The details of the voting in Vermont on
February 8 on the proposed high license
substitute for the former prohibition law
of the state show curious results and at the
same time exhibit the peculiar tenacity of
Vermont citizens to traditional notions.
The majority against prohibition In 1003
was very little different from the majority
in favor of prohibition In 1853, half a cen
tury before. There are In Vermont four
teen counties, of which some are on the
New York state and others on the New
Hampshire border line. All tbe counties
on tbe New York state line gave majorities
for high license; all the oountles on the
New Hampshire state line gave majorities
against high license and in favor of prohi
bition. A majority of the counties of Ver
mont were for prohibition; so were a ma
jority of the towns of the state, but the
vote of a few of the large cities turned the
scale-against them.
COST OP ISDlSTItlAL STIMIXATIOX.
Child Labor as Injurious to Industry
as Morphine to the Consumer.
. Chicago Tribune.
Child labor as a national habit and mor
phine eating as a personal habit are about
on the same level. Tbe person that eats
morphine experiences a temporary mental
exaltation, followed by permanent mental
debility. The nation that uses Its children
as wage-earners experiences a temporary
industrial stimulation, followed by a per
manent decrease la Industrial efficiency.
This fact Is gradually coagulating out of the
welter of child labor Investigation and ar
gument. In New York, tor Instance, the
plans for tbe reform labor law are based
not so much upon sensibility as upon seusl-
bleness, and have the approbation of men
like Bishop Potter, Felix Adler and Wil
liam H. Baldwin, jr.
The fault found with tbe law Is that, first.
there are large numbers of children not In
cluded within its operation. These chil
dren the child labor committee calls "out
laws." Meesenger boys, newsboys, boot
blacks and hawkers are the classes of chil
dren Indicated. Mr. Poole of tbe University
Settlement has made it his business to know
"outlaw" child labor thoroughly. He has
learned things that so unemotional a paper
as the New York Tribune regards as start
ling. He has found hundreds of boys sleep
ing In the strets, In stables, in condemned
buildings. In the halls of tenements, and In
the back rooms of low saloons. He has
found that street life leads boys to an ex
ceptionally early and unrestrained use of
coffee, tobacco and liquor. He has found
that the street boy with his unnatural, su.
perflclnl, undisciplined "smartness" is, of
all boys, the one that shows In bis school
studies tho least evidence of substantial
and comprehensive qualities of intellect.
He has found that the money earned by the
street boy Is In no proportion to tbe
amount of time he spends earning it. Fl
nally, his account of tbe vices Into which
some street boys are led Is too hideous to
be more than hinted at.
"Outlaw" child labor, however, la only
one feature of tbe situation. Tbe child la
bor committee has at least four other fields
of attempted reform. First it wants to
prevent perjury by giving up the parent
affidavit system and Introducing a birth
record system. Second, It wants to forbid
vacation work for children under 14, for
the reason that It Is difficult to get the
children back to school after a summer of
employment Third, it wants to stop tbe
practice of putting children under 14 to
work, not as employes, but as "assistants"
to their older brothers and sisters. Fourth,
it wants to compel children under 14 te
attend school throughout the school year
Instead of, as at present, for only eighty
days.
Tbe document on which these demands
for reform are based deserves especial no.
tlce. It Is a document which la not made
up of journalistic accounts of tours through
horrid factories. It Is a document carefully
prepared through months of bard work by
the child labor committee, and consisting
largely of a minute study of 1,000 child
laborers, their wages, hours, homes
physique, morale, etc. This la the kind
of social economic investigation which pro
vides the legislator with tbe kind of In
formation be needs. There Is a time tor
tears and a time for facts. In the matter
of child labor In this country we bare ar
rived at the time for facts. New York
has brought forward some facts of great
slgnincance.
Discreditable Supremacy.
Philadelphia North American.
In proportion to mileage covered, English
railroads in 1901 carried twice as many
passengers as American lines. Yet not a
slagle passenger was killed in England
while the death roll in the United States
was 149. This is one Instance of American
supremacy which is sot creditable.
THI9 IOWA IDEA.
Its Mean Ins; Depends Chiefly on the
Interpreter.
Charles Emory 8mtth In Saturday Evening
Post.
What the "Iowa Idea" means In the by
play on the tariff for It was only by-play
Incident to the exigent coal question the
speech on the republican side which ar
rested most attention was that of Senator
Dolllver. Naturally, since It was the one
speech which struck out tbe fixed lines.
Senator Dolllver vigorously espoused what
has come to be known as "the Iowa idea."
That Idea Is itself rather indefinite. It de
pends chiefly on tbe interpreter. In the
translation of Governor Cummins It means
one thing; In that of Secretary Shaw quite
another. In the one case It means early
and signal tariff revision; In the other it
means delayed and conservative action
at the chosen time, tinder the one leader
ship tt signifies reciprocal trade arrange
ments which shall give aiJ take rven at
some sacrifices; under the other It signifies
reciprocity agreements with full home pro
tection. .
Senator Dolllver cast In his lot fully with
Governor Cummins. This Is a declaration
which Is not without political slgnincance.
Governor Comralns Is the leader of those
republicans who hold that some of the
tariff rates are too high and openly advo
cate a reduction. They lnferentlally admit
that these rates sustain monopolies and
Imply that to atrlke at monopolies we
should strike at the tariff. There is noth
ing In the terms of the Iowa platform, as
they stand, to which all republicans can
not assent ' But Governor Cummins puts
upon them an Interpretation which makes
them mean more- than they say. Perhaps
the interpretation of others makes them
say less than tbey mean. The prevailing
republican sentiment does not go so far as
Governor Cummins, but, though holding
that there Is nothing sacred about the
schedules and that they should be gov
erned and modified by conditions of pro
duction and price, holds at the same time
that revision should be regulated by a
conservative spirit and by business se
curity. Thus "the Iowa Idea" may not be alto
gether harmonious with Itself. It Is partly
economlo and partly political. Probably
Governor Cummins fully believes In, the
policy he expounds, and probably also he
sees In It a way of making an Issue and
gaining the leadership of the republican
party in Iowa. In this respect the contest
is more political than economic. When
Senator Dolllver joins Governor Oummlns
he gives new force to his view. The Junior
senator is less wary and more positive
than the senior. During the campaign tbe
astute Senator Allison showed that the
Iowa platform Is entirely in harmony with
the national platform. So it is upon the
plain construction of its language, but
whose interpretation Is to be followed T
Senator Allison, with his great experience,
his cautious temperament and his adroit
methods would avoid an Issue. But Sena
tor Dolllver follows Governor Cummins
and plants himself with the advanced re
visionists. He is a vigorous and courage
ous advocate and adds strength to any
cause he accepts.
On one phase of the question he was
partly right and partly wrong. He was
right In contending that the Dlngley law
was framed with a view to reciprocity and
in repelling the charge that the contem
plation of such a purpose In fixing the J
rates was a reflection on Mr. Dingley's
honor and good faith. Certainly there Is
nothing In the idea of reciprocity which
Is open to criticism. It Is a legitimate
national policy. The door was opened in
tbe McKlnley law. The plan was carried
out In the Blaine treaties. And if recipro
cal trade arrangements are right and
wise. It Is Indisputably legitimate to fix
tariff rates so as to prepare tbe way for
them. Senator Dolllver'a defense of the
policy of putting tariff rates higher than
was needful in order to use them to trade
on was effective and complete.
But he was wrong In urging that the
obligation of reciprocity involves the duty
of ratifying the Kasson treaties. Because
the Dlngley bill was constructed with a
view to reciprocal arrangements It does
not necessarily follow that any particular
agreements which may happen to have
been made must be confirmed. They are
to be judged and determined on their own
merits. Tbe general policy is morally
obligatory and economically wise. But the
measures for carrying It out are matters
of detail, and are to be considered with
reference to the question whether they
are best adapted to tbe end. If tbe treaties
sacrifice some important interests tor tbe
sake of others, it is legitimate to weigh
the question whether the gain justifies the
loss. If they can be dropped and more
advantageous arrangements made, there is
no reason why It should not be done.
EXECUTIVE) CLEMENCY.
Efforts to Exit Official Sympathy for
a, Condemned Hsa Falls.
Chicago Chronicle (dem.). 1
A Washington dispatch tells a story
which appeals In a certain way to publlo
sympathy, but which reflects no discredit
upon tbe president as It seems to impiy.
Bernle Bird of New Orleans, supposed
to be a little girl, appealed to Mlas Alice
Roosevelt to Intercede with the president
In behalf of her condemned father In
Alaska. She received the following reply
from Mr. Cortelyou: "Miss Roosevelt can
not interfere or Intercede with her father
in the affairs of the government"
It is stated that the childlah heart of
Bernle Bird Is almost broken because she
received no reply from Miss Roosevelt
Possibly that young lady might have spared
the child's feelings by writing herself, but
she might also have placed herself in an
unpleasant light before the publlo. it is.
on the whole, at leaat as wen mat me
reply was made, and curtly made, by the
secretary.
It ousht to be distinctly understood, H it
Is not, that the president's oraolal duty is
to the public. He has power to issue par
dons and reprieves not as personal faxors
to be granted In response to cnuoisn ap
peals supported by the Intercessions of
sympathetic ladles who have no knowl
edge of the merits of the cases brought to
their notice, but as a means of saving
We expect
to find a good many men In search of winter suits
and overcoats Saturday. Our, we think are fitter
and better made than other clothlera carry at the
prices we charge. That la the advantage of making
our own goods.
We have just recelvtd our first Invoice of
spring caps, and they are wonders of
beauty, style and elegance. Just notice our
hat window.
XO CLOTniKQ FITS LIKE OURS.
Browning, King & Co,
R. 8. Wilcox, Munager.
Fify Years the Stanford
MM
Iwardid
KIghut Honors World's Fair
Rights, tists U.S. Gov't ChemltU
FRIOC StKINS HWDIS OO.
CHICAGO
those who have been Improperly con
demned or of promoting the public Inter
est In some way.
The president Is not and ought not to be
an autocrat with the. power of life and
death over subjects which he may exercise
at his pleasure or whim or as his sympa
thies may be stirred by chlllsh pleadings.
Such powers as he possesses have been
given him for public purposes, and It Is
his duty to exercise them for those pur
poses only.
It may be said that a kindly note from
Miss RooeovcH would have spared the
child's feelings and done no harm, but we
cannot be so sure of that. Bhind these
pitiful appeals of children are older heads
that know better and that use this method
of exciting the sympathy of the executive
and the public because they can effer no
good reason for the exercise of clomency.
It was entirely proper for the president
to look beyond the little girl who was put
to the front In this Instance and hit the
older and less Innocent heads beyond by
causlng.hts secretary to write and give to
the press a very curt note plainly Intimat
ing that executive clemency Is a publlo
trust to be exercised only In the interests
of justice and the publlo good.
PASSIHO PI.EASAHTHIES.
Madgi
Major
She has a lovely complexion
Malorle No wonder; that girl
a studied
chemistry
-smart set.
"Can I show you anything;?" nuked the
young man behind the counter at tho hat
store.
"I guess so," snld the young man who had
dropped In. "I want one of those disap
pearing hats you wear when you go to the
opera. Got any?" Chicago Tribune.
"She calls her cook a 'chef. How ab
surd!" "Oh, I don't know! Perhaps that's hdw
She gets her to stay!" Puck.
"Do you have to wear silk stockings If
you are an ambassador?" said the man who
had Just arrived at the European court.
"Certainly; there are two classes of peo
ple who are required to wear silk stockings,
diplomats and chorus ladles." Washington
6tar.
Guest I used to come In here several
years ago.
Walter Yes, sah, an' I sarved yo
Ouest That so? I don't remember you.
Waltep-But yo' tiseter; yas, sah, ebry
time yo' useter remember me, sah. Phila
delphia Press.
"Do you know," snld the accurate ob
server of men and things, "thnt the average
life of a greenback or national bank note
Is about two years?" ..-
"In my house," replied Mr. Phamllyman,
"the average life of any kind of money la
about two hours."
On tho Street Cars.
The man whose life hangs by a thread
Need scarcely give a rap.
HIh peril doesn't equal one
Whose life hangs by a strap. Judge.
A VALENTINE REMINDER.
Boston Globe,
Do you remember, wife, when first I dared
To write to you It was a Valentine
And since that time together we have
shared
A loyal life, illumined by love divine.
Ten years ago It does not seem so long
Since first my heart rejoiced to call you
mine:
Yet once again I'll sing love's awestest
song
Since you are now, as then, my Valentine.
You'd smile to know what I am thinking
of-
Then see the same dear picture I behold:
A leafy, vine-embowered tryst of love
Our first fond kiss, aa 1 my story told.
Our days of courting all come back to me,
Their Joyanca still I feel, though, they be
gone;
And In your eyes what happiness to see
The olden sweetheart smile of welcome
dawn.
How dear the evening hour I spend with
you
Oasis In the desert of the day
And drafts of joy my strength and life re
new When alt my cares and tolls are laid
away.
You are the happy light 'that makes my
days
All fair and sweet and beautiful to me
A light that gleams with ever-pleasant rays,
However near the outer darkness be.
May ,we love on, and.
sharing joys and
tears
Grow old together, and, m age of ease.
When looking back on happy by-gone years,
A harvest reap of golden memories.
OUR BEST EFFORTS
at all times nre to produce HUFEBIOIt
GLASSES : ils means to you that
there is gr :;t safety in having your
glasses niadu by us.
J. C. HUTESON & CO.,
tlS S. Kth St., Paxton Block.