THE OMAITA DAILY BEE: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1P02.
IMCIXAL RANGE OF ANIMALS
Few Theory Eaieci. i Eiscorery of Fossil
Munke ;n Wycminj.
RESEARCHES MALE BY YALE PROfr.SOR
Prchl.f jrie 11 el Ira, la Relnn Ones
a 111 Tropla He-lt-ftrcrrts of
Anflent Hones anil retrl-
Plants.
Tb the Ir.st summer two Tale scientific
xptorrra-.Dr. J. U Wortman and O. R.
Wleland-of the staff of the Peabody mu
seum at Yale, carried on the moiit success
ful expuratlona of the fossil deposits In
Wyoirlr,g that hare been reported since the
oays -A Prof. O. C. Marsh. Mr. Wlelaml
returard to Talo few weeks ago, after a
Ave, months' stay In Wyoming, Dakota and
Mxitana. relatea a correspondent of the
IVw York Tribune. He brought back with
him a considerable collection of mammoth
prehistoric North American turtles, besides
valuable collection of fossil plants, which
he found In the eocene beds of those re
glons, and which add their proof to the
theory that at one time all the northern
part of the United States was tropical in
climate and bore most luxurious tropical
plant life. The discoveries of Dr. Wort
man are regarded of great scientific value,
as he found additional remains of fossil
North American monkeys.
In a paper which Dr. Wfirtmnn Is soon to
pnblish In the American Journal of Science
kls fossil monkey will be fully described.
Tale scientists who have Been the speci
mens which he brought back with him from
Wyon.lng say without reserve that Pr.
"WoiMnan'a discovery la to be ranked with
the most Important palaeontologlcal finds
of recent yenrs.
Dr. Wortman'a collaborators In palaeon
tologlcal work at Yale say that his work
and the deJuctlens he has been led to draw
from It will prove the beginning of an en
tirely new understanding of the origin and
distribution of mammalia on the earth.
While Dr.. Wortman Is to announce this
discovery and the theory he has drawn
from It to the scientific world shortly, this
Is the first announcement that he has per
mitted to be made of It in the public press.
Baals of a New Theory.
Toe generally accepted position of xoolo
glta and geologists at the present day as
do the origin of animal life on the ear'h
Sa that Its beginnings are to be looked for
In the present tropical cones; that the
North American fauna branched out from
tke old world fauna by migration from
their ancestral home, and that man origi
nated somewhere In the dense tropical re
;glona of the old world, Java, probably. It
is not too much to Bay that If the long
series of Investigations devoted to this
subject by Dr. Wortman prove to be true,
tbeue hypotheses of the scientists will havo
to be remodeled to a Urge extent. From
the monkey fossil remains discovered by
Leidy and Marsh some twenty odd year
a-io, and from the new and conclusive dis
covery made by Dr. Wortman this summer,
an entirely new and much more logical
theory 1b deduced.
Tha theory of a boreal origin of tha
apes, monkeys and lemurs, and. In fact, of
tha great majority of the mammalia, sup
ported as it lr. by the facta in the posses
sion of Dr. Wortman, and collected to
considerable degree by hla own hands, Is
likely, when It Is launched, to create a stir
In the scientific world. "I expect, of course,
great opposition to this new view at first,"
said Dr. Wortman today, "but I am aura
of m- grouud, and have abundant and In
controvertible 'evidence In these fossil re
bbsjib to prove it"
Ws-r,mlBBj's Ancient Monkeys.
Tha fossil remains which have led tha
TTala scientist to take tbla advanced posi
tion are those of the eocene monkey, found
lu rock bed In the Brldger basin of Wyom
ing. Not larger than a common house cat,
LMs fossil skull la In k.most a complete
tate o( preservation, notwithstanding Its
burial In Wyoming rock for perhaps 1,000,
000 years. Dr. Wortman says regarding
thla conclusion:
It my deductions from this new evidence
are correct, two things are evident. First,
tr.at the present South American monkey
did not migrate from any old world lo
cality, and la not the descendant of any
old world species, aa la now commonly be
lieved. Instead, he la the direct descendant
of tha prehistoric monkeys whose fossil
remains have from tlmo to time been un
earthed In Wyoming, and tha final remnant
of which I found thla summer. - From that
fact It must of necessity be believed that
migration southward from the polar re
glcne across the United Statea to South
America took place among tha monkeys as
among other forms of animal and vegetable
life, excepting of course such species as
became sxtlnct on the way. It must also
be accepted thst at tha Urns the Increasing
cold In tha north forced tha monkeys Into
outb America, where they are now only te
be found, a bridge of forests connected
North and South America. It thla Is true,
and this evidence saya It Is, then the geology
of thla continent will have to be revlaed,
aa geology now has It that during he
time of thla migration North and South
America were divided by an ocean. As
monkeys do not swim, geology. In the light
ot this new evidence, will have to revise
some of lta teachings as to the formation
and history of the American continents. I
believe that this will be done, and that
future Investigations In the Mexican penin
sula will prove present geology views
wrong In this respect.
Secondly, It the logical deductlona from
theso fossil remains In Wyoming, not alone
of monkeys, but of other faunae, are cor
rect, and entirely new theory will have
to be constructed regarding the origin ot
certain forms ot Ufa on this plauel. I
have corns to the conclusion, based on the
evidence given by these and other fossil
remains, that the origin ot ape fauna and
tha greater part ot the mammals of this
continent was In the north, and that the
pea of the old and the new world had
common origin In a circumpolar region,
which at that time had a tropical climate.
Thla la also true, of course, of the flors.
We have sufficient data In fossil plants to
assure ourselves that plant life also orig
inated In this region.
Salvia Perpleslaar Ions.
The discovery by Leidy. Marsh and my
self of fossil monkeys In deposits ot the
eocene period In Wyoming will probably
help to aolve questions ot the greatest
scientific Importance In regard to origin
and distribution of fauna oa the earth.
From what source, for Instance, sprang the
South American apea? They are different
from the apea of tha old world. Old the
originate In the old world and descend
from old world monkeys, as soma sclent lets
believe? Or did they migrate northward
from the south pole? The stumbling block
te the belief In the descent ot the South
Americas monkeys front those of the old
world has been the great difference in
structure between tha two. The South
American monkeys are smaller than thoea
la the old world; they have aa additional
molar tooth In each Jaw; their nostrils are
set wider apart and opea laterally, while
those of the old world monkeys are closer
together and opea obliquely; they have ao
cheek pouches, aad their talis are generally
long aad prehensile, which la rarely. If
ever, found la the old world species. To
believe that these differences caa be traced
sack l the tentperaUvsl receat migration
from the old world that Is geologically nec
essary la difficult. The fact that fossil
monkeys hsve now been found In Wyoming
In a deposit of tropical nature, and which
corresponds In every particular, not to the
lemurs of the old world, but to the mon
keys at present Inhabiting South America,
makes this an Impnealble hypothesis. The
evidence Is thst the 8ooth American mon
keys. Instead of descending from old world
apes, hsve a definitely provable origin in
the fossil monkeys found In Wyoming,
which date back to an ago when the whole
northern part of the world was as hot as
the present equatorial regiona.
Heat at the Morth role.
The theory that the north pole was at
the time of the origin of life on tho earth
s heated area Is proved beyond question
by the fossil remains of tropical plant life
far up along the Canadian border and
within the Arctic circle. It has been known
for some time that thla la true. My the
oryand It Is one that will probably be
challenged Immediately by scientists is
based on these fossil finds and on others
that have preceded them. It la that the
origin ot many forms of mammalian life on
tbla planet was boreal, in a circumpolar
region. Thousands ot years before the gla
cial epoch, that came at the close of the
pliocene, animal life began, and lta sub
sequent distribution, with the Bora, over
the earth's surface, waa the direct result
ot migration, made necessary by the alow
advance of the cold epoch known aa the
glacial period.
Granting this common origin of life
around tho north pole, the equestlon of the
distribution of the flora and fauna over the
earth becomes reasonable. There were two
continents down which this recession of
life passed southward, over Europe and
Asia, ond southward, over North America.
The theory then comes down to this, that
these two main streams of gradually re
treating life, the vegetable and animal,
passed southward In front of the advan
cing cold and Ice, till the earth was In
habited, life following the tropics every
where. On this theory the whole question
of the distribution of certain forms of life
over the earth becomes clear. Animal life
on this continent developed no higher than
the South American monkeys. The old
world current developed Into the anthro
poid ape, and then, by a colossal accident,
Into man.
Boreal Origin of Life.
One of the strongest evidences for my
belief that migration took place from the
north southward is that at the beginning
ot several periods in th geological scale
we have suddenly appearing specimens of
entirely strange and new species of animal
life. At the commencement of the first
period of the eocene, for Instance, we have
seventy-live species ot higher mammals
apparently coming into existence all at
once. In tha cretaceous the same phenom
enon happened, speclea dying out later.
The wasatch period of the Wyoming eocene
bingi the monkeys. To say that these
species sprang Into being all at once and
In eudden bounds is unthinkable. Migra
tion Is the only possible reason that can
be given migration from a more northern
region southward aa the ice formed and
the tropical vegetation died that preceded
It. This, to ray mind. Is proof positive bf
the boreal origin of life. The face of na
ture changed also during this gradual re
cession of types southward. Following the
tropical epoch In the north came a time
of open plains, as Is proved by the changed
character of the fossil animals found, the
newer species having a structure adapted
to open country running. All animals fol
lowed the tropical xone aouth, except such
few as adapted themselves to the colder
climate, and remained on . the borders of
the advancing Ice fields. Most other spe
cies died and became extinct, being either
unable to adapt themselves to the new
conditions or not following the others
south. The monkeys went with tha forests,
following tbe tropica, until now they are
extinct on thla continent except In South
America. The same thing identically hap
pened in the old world, animal and vege
table life following the tropica south as
the ice advanced from the north, until in
soma unusual conditions man was born from
the highest typ of apea.
One specimen which I brought back with
me this week from Wyoming is worth its
weight In first water diamonds. It Is the
skull of an eocene monkey, showing tho
two Jaws complete, with their complement
of teeth, the first, I may aay, that has ever
been found The teeth prove beyond con
troversy that these eocene forms are mon
keys and not lemurs, a fact which Is ot
the highest importance. Instead ot the
protruding lower teeth, this specimen
showed the uptight teeth of the living
monkeys of today, different from the old
world lemurs. It has also molars similar
to certain of the South American monkeys.
Ths character ot the akeleton, moreover,
points to the monkeys of South America
as Its nearest living ally. I cannot but
conclude, therefore, that there Is generio
connecticn between ths two.
A CHANGE OK TREATMENT.
BSTeet of Personally Condacted
Tanacht Transference.
"It waa a downright lie," laughed the re
turned traveler, quoted by the Detroit
Free Press, "but It was done In a good
cause, and I don't regret It. While I was
In California I chanced to find myself one
day at noon in a thinly aettled part of tbe
country, and, coming to a small rundown
ranch, I decided to stop and see if 1 could
get my dinner. The old lady who came to
ths door made me welcome and Invited me
to atep Inside.
" 'You'll have to wait a few minutes.'
she said, ' 'cause I'm awfully preased with
work. You aee my husband Is sick, an' I
hava to do hla work aa well as my own,
an' It comes dreadful hard.
'I'm sorry to hear that your husband
la alck, madam,' aald I. "What seems to
be the matter?'
" 'I guess it must be something awful,'
she answered, 'cause he Bent 15 to a man
back east to treat him by ths thought
method. An' now every day ha gets a
message through the air what tells him
that he Is swfully alck an that he musn't
get up before 8 o'clock In the mornln', an'
pot to think of doln' any work, an' to eat
pie an' cake three times a day!"
"Just then her husband came lounging
In. He waa a big, overgrown apecimen of
a man with nothing the world the matter
with him but laxlnesa, and I waa seised
with sn Idea. Springing up, I grasped him
by the hand and ahook It heartily.
" 'I'm glad to see one ot my patients!' I
cried. 'I've been worried about you for
some time; so I decided to come out and
see you personally. From what I hear
fro a your wife I am afraid that the wirea
have beea eroaaed and that you have not
been understanding my thought messages.'
M 'Didn't ye tell me to stay In bed till
o'clock In the mornln'? he asked weakly.
'"Not a bit of It,' I answered cheerfully.
'My instructions to you were to get up
every morning at ( o'clock and aplit wood
tor two hours before breakfast. As for pie
sad cake, they are ths worst things you
can eat.'
" 'Madam,' aald I when I was ready to
leave, 'your husband Is a very sick man,
aad nothing but hard work will aavs him.
Hard work, madam, and lota of It.'
'I'll see that he geta It,' aha answered
grimly. I've got an idee he got them wirea
crossed oa purpose!'
"Whaa I reached a bend la ths road I
looked back. The old lady waa already In
troduclag her husband ts Us wsedpUa."
'J have traveled cm most of the important
railroads in Arneriot and Europe, and have
dined on sveh of them as hare restaurant cars.
J would rathe.r dine on a Burlington Rovie
dining car than on any railroad dining car that
1 Inow of in the rrorld The only other rail
road service that compares wi h it in desira
bility, is thi Orient Kipress. in which I trav
eled btlwetn Paris and Constantinople." S.
S. AlcClure, Publisher JlcCivre'i Magazine.
ummi
mmm car
You pay for only what you order, and
what you order is good.
Burlington dining cars attached to Bur.
lington flyers for Chicago and the
East, Denver and the West, Seattle
and the Northwest.
The service? Well, that's Burington, too.
And you know "Burlington" is like
"Sterling" on silver.
Tickets, 1502 Farnam Street
2r
AN EDEN WITHOUT AN EVE
Comfort and Lixnry which Surround
Bachelors on Easy Street
WHY SOME MEN DO NOT MARRY
High Lonesome Exalt Their Freedom
Possible to Live in a. House
Without the Aid of
Woman.
It cannot be proved by statistics, says the
New York Evening Post, that bachelore are
Increasing in New York, out of proportion
to ths rapid Increase ot population, but the
belief prevails that they are. Of tbe two
classes, the bachelors ot necessity, as dis
tinguished from the bachelors of choice,' are
growing more numerous with the Increasing
fierceness of competition In business and
professional life, and with the always ad
vancing cost ot living In the crowded cities.
Mere existence Is expensive, growing more
expensive yearly, and at the same time the
standard of living Is rising constantly.
Among tbe young Invaders of New York
who make up by far theVreater part ot the
city's force of fresh energy It haa come to
be a matter of comment for a man under
SO V win a position where the salary or in
come justifies him in marrying. Certainly,
the young physician, after four years of col
lege, four of medical achool and two of
hospital practice, cannot hope to build up a
practice in the two years left on tbe hither
sldo of 30 that will justify him In taking a
wife. Tbe man who secures a $10-a-week
clerkship In a law office at 25, the average
age of graduates ot the best law schools,
can assuredly count on five years of effort
before he begins to feel solid ground under
his financial feet. And the quickly won
success In any business, whether It be that
ot broker, merchant or even historical
novel. Is rare.
For many the period ot enforced bach
elorhood Is unduly prolonged by family
necessity. A steady, capable newspaper
man, now earning $35 a week nnd aure of
advancement, sends more than half of that
amount weekly to a mother and alster In an
up-state town. Another, whose short stor
ies within the last two yeara have sold
freely at good prices, supports an estab
lishment over which his mother presides.
So, in another caae, the man Uvea In an
apartment with an only sister. To men like
these New York means opportunity: first to
discharge family obligations, and afterward
to become the beada of families iu a differ
ent sense.
If it were permissible ' to classify the
bachelors of choice, the temptation would '
be strong to call them the workers and :
the spenders. Here would be two distinct j
types. Of tbe workers certain things are j
true they are consumed with the ambition j
to win big material success, with which j
they suppose matrimony will conflict; they !
are stubborn, preserving literary hacks ;
or unrecognized young artists, who are
literally too poor to marry; or they are
what may be termed matrimonial cow
ards. All ot these deliberately set their
ambition, hopes, or prejudices before
them and say: "Until such ambitions be
realized, or such hopes fulfilled, or such
prejudices removed, we must go on
alone."
The War of tho 8pnar.
The spenders, with none ot the foregoing
reasons for renouncing matrimony, may be
of that fairly numerous class ot young men
who. Inheriting wealth in some more or
less obscure part of the country, come to
New York to "cut their eye teeth." The
phrase Is suggestive ot their career. They
may be New Yorkers of Inherited wealth
and Insured social position who care for
freedom of movement back and forth across
the Atlantic, and who are aelfistt enough
to think they can order their own pleasure
to best advantage. Then there are the
wealthy bachelors who pose aa artists, or
singers, or literary men and court tbe no
tice of press and public as bachelor geniuses.
Some bachelora live In boarding houses,
mixing naturally with the boarding house
population; but these are tew. With the
growth of ths bachelor habit, the Instinct
of segregation develops. It is not unlikely
that the first year of life In New York
will aee the struggling lawyer taking one
or two furnlabed rooms, either alons or
with another ot hla professional associates,
and the doctors' and brokens' clerks do
likewise. From the furnished room the
establishment Is likely to crow Into aa
"apartment" always occupied by as few
aa the required to meet the extortionate
rent bill. It Is well enough to encourage
family life, the bachelor argues, but he
wonders why landlords, tbe moment they
I dub their structures "bachelor apartments,"
should demand double the rent they could
possibly get from ordinary "flat" tenants.
The bachelor, of necessity, perforce,
passes tbe bachelor apartments by and
makes shift In various ways. A common
expedient la to Invade an ordinary apart
ment or flat house, furnish the flat after
bachelor Ideas, engage servants who can
cook simple breakfasts and care for the
rooms. In this way a family of single men
live comfortably and at reasonable coat.
Cnt Dona Expenses.
An Interesting experiment was that re
cently made by five unmarried men who
are workers In one of the West Side slum
settlements. They rented sn entire three
story house in an obscure street for $900 a
year. After thoroughly renovating It they
furnished five bedrooms on the second and
third floors and converted the first floor
Into an attractive parlor and atudy. The
basement they let to ths women who cared
for the house rent canalizing - service.
Each floor they valued at $300 a year, so
tor the parlor and study' every man con
tributed $60. The two men who occupied
the second floor paid $50 each, while tho
three above paid $100 apiece. Thua, for
an average cost of $180 a year beyond ths
expense of furnishing, which bore not too
heavily on the five, a comfortable home
waa provided for ths cost ot one narrow
hall bedroom.
Until the experiment la actually under
taken the matter of housekeeping appears
blmple enough to tb ordinary man. But
afterward! Three young men took a flat
on October 1 of this year, finding, after a
frantio search, with their belongings all
but thrown into the street from three
separate furnished rooms that had been
given up, an apartment far enough down
town to suit the latest sleeper.
First It waa the new wall paper and in- !
itial cleaning that dragged on from day
to day in the most discouraging way. The
fact that the young men's hours down
town coincided exactly with those of the
apartment house agent uptown did not
tend to hasten the matter, But after two
weeka came a day when the walla were
newly covered and the floors freshly var
nished. The bachelors began to look about
for other furniture to supplement their
three beds and two chairs.
"What do we absolutely need?" asked
one. Very gravely the aecond answered:
"We must have a hall carpet, a door mat
and waste paper baskets."
Home Thlnars Overlooked.
"An art square for the dining room,"
volunteered tho third. Portieres, towel
racks and special burners were suggested
before It occurred to me to begin with the
floor and ascend In making out a list of
necessities. So it happened that rugs were
obtained, chalra and a dining room table
bought. The day before the servant ap
peared to cook the first breakfast the tact
that they had provided no kltcben utensils
dawned upon them. "An egg beater and a
sink shovel are absolutely necessary," as
serted one. He had received the Informa
tion from a woman of long experience. Tbe
breakfaat was prepared, after two hurried
trips by one of the trio to tbe grocery
and dairy.
Tbe aervant made a list, then, of Indis
pensable articles, explained that a grocer
would call to take orders and that milk
and butter would be delivered fresh every
morning. This appeared to be welcome in
formation to the batchelors, who had tried
to show their foresight by laying In a
aupply of milk and cream the day before It
waa to bs used.
"We'll arrange to bavo dinner here," aald
one, looking hopefully across the breakfast
table, "when the th oe of us are to be at
home together." The idea seemed to be a
good one. One knew of four men living
on Stuyvesant. square who had adopted that
plan. What did they have for dinner?
That waa not known, but there waa roast
beer. "And leg of lamb," put In the second.
"Steak," asserted the third, "and chops
can be easily cooked on our trusty gss
stove." Tbs servant waa called in.
"We may want dlnnera here sometimes,"
began the diplomat. "We ll always let you
know In the morning," Interrupted the sec
ond, "and we might have some of the
things dona over tor breakfast." This ques
tion from the third startled the silence:
"Can you cook a dinner?" The boneat old
woman smiled apologetically aa she an
swered, "I don't know, sir; I never tried."
Aad It never dawned upon them until that
moment that tbe woman who had been
recommended to tbem had spent a long and
useful existence as a hotel chambermaid.
The first dlnntr In that flat Is yet to be
cooked. Upon all friends who seem to have
aa invitation to dinner on their llpa these
three bachelors smile with deceptive cordi
ality. Of course, to the spenders these problems
are not ao grave. When it la considered
that the lreu,uBtl- par from $5,ooo t
$15,000 a year for their quarters, it Is fair to
assume that their establishments include
competent chefs. The six men who, to se
cure exactly what they wanted, built a
$500,000 house In the club district will pre
sumably not be troubled with Incompetent
servants. The bachelor who spends $1,000,
000 a year on country houses, horses,
yachts anl great entertainments and has
been held up as,the American bachelor, par
excellence, is neither typical nor useful aa
an example.
From the half casual hospitality ot the
furnished-room bachelor and his modest
little bowl of punch and box of clgara to
the elaborate hotel entertainments of some
of the spenders is a long cry. But what
ever the bachelora' social position or ambi
tion, the duty of entertaining frienda de
volves upon them. Certainly, the willing
ness of his women friends to come to his
little "flat warmings" or, it may be, a day-before-Chrlstmaa
tree, ought to cheer him.
Ths suspicion that these women are In
league against him, wtth all the power ot
example and suggestion, drawing htm to
ward the joys and responsibilities of mar
riage, doea not dawn upon the bachelor In
his own stronghold. In his innocence he
thinks that all the women who laugh at his
housekeeping experiences and ridicule good
naturedly his whole menage envy blm his
freedom and philosophy.
GAVE THE SINEWS OP WAR.
TJnlqae Roll of Honor In the Treaaary
Department.
It Is not generally known, reports the
Washington Post, that in tbe Treasury
department, flanked by piles of coin end
bills, there is a roll of honor the name
of those who, in the trying days before the
war with Spain, gave of their worldly goods
to help defray their government's expenses
during tbe conflict. It is ths nams of a
woman with millions who gave from ber
abundance, a pensioner who parted wtth
his bounty. Tbe record telle also ot two
little girls who, Imbued with patriotism,
worked and aaved a sum that to others,
doubtless, seemed paltry, then sent it on
to Washington to aid In the cause of an
other people's liberty. There were some
who, giving tor the sake of the giving and
caring nothing for tbe praise of others,
gave anonymously. The letters from such
are preserved along with the others. Two
Britishers are on ths list. Tbs amounts
they gave were small, but no contribution
to the war fund was more appreciated.
Miss Helen Miller Gould of New Yjrk.
whose charitable use of ber millions has
endeared ber to tus heart ot every Ameri
can, waa the first to oiTet financial assist
ance to the government. Her letter, ac
companying a check for $100,000, waa the
first to be received. It Is the first letter
in the book, and la an Indication ot the
plain, businesslike methods of this young
woman. The letter is addressed to the
tressurer of the United Statea and reads:
"Some days ago I wrote President Mc
Klnley, offering the government the sum
ot $100,00 for use In the present difficul
ties with Spain. He writes me that he haa
no official authority to receive moneys in
behalf of tbe United States, and he sug
gests that ray purpose can best be served
by making a deposit with the assistant
treasurer at New York, to tbe credit of
tbe treasurer of the United States, or by
remitting my check direct to you at Wash
ington. I, therefore. In close ray check for
the above amount, drawn payable to your
order on the Lincoln National bank. Will
you kindly acknowledge receipt of same?
Very truly,
"HELEN MILLER GOULD."
In striking contrast to tbe gift of Miss
Gould Is thtt of Thomas Doyle, an old sol
dier and a pensioner of St. Louis, Mo.
There Is no letter from Mr. Doyle in the
book, but the statement la recorded that
he forwarded hla pension voucher, prop
erly made out, to the credit of tbe treas
urer of the United Statea, each tiro he re
ceived It from the Pension bureau during
the time of the war. He receives a pen
sion of $24 a month.
Lillian Ranney of 10T and Elllnor J.
Lawler of 130 Virginia avenue, St. Paul,
were two little girls who gave a doll sbow
and then sent to President McKlnley tbs
receipts. Their letter reada:
"We little girla have juat had a doll's
show to earn some money ta help you pay
tor the war, so we send you all ws mads,
$1.10, and hope it will help you."
John Zimmerman of Philadelphia, every
month that the war lasted, sent tie check
tor $50.
A New York society woman wrote Presi
dent McKlnley as follows:
"I would like to assist you in giving my
mite toward tbe war. It is a amall amount,
but It will go a little way. My prayers
go with It."
A check for 1,000 was inclosed, but owing
to the giver's request her name has been
erased from ths letter.
Julius Pepperbe.-g of Plattsmouth, Neb.,
sent bis check for $200.
William Hartwell of Bristol, England,
wrote to President McKlnley as follows:
"Enclosed you will please find a post
office order for 1, a small contribution
toward your fund for carrying on tbs war
against Spain."
An anonymous New Yorker sent a check
for $100 every month, while two Wash
ingtonlans, evidently government officials,
forwarded to the treasurer of the United
Btates drafts for $50 each month of tho
war.
A Winfield (Kan.) man sent $15 and
asked that bis name be not used.
W. Hume Elliot of Manchester, England,
wrote President McKlnley:
"Will you kindly accept a half guinea
aa a very small token of a great regard
for the United Statea and Its present high
and righteous enterprise? it may famish
a cup of cold water to some member of
your army and navy bravely contending
In the Interests of humanity and Justice.
Your gracious permission to do this will
confer on me a highly valuled honor."
POOn FARM AMID FLOWERS.
Orsage Blossoms and Sanshlaa for tho
Paapera of I,oa Angeles;.
A poorfarm In tbe midst 'of an orange
grove la as remarkable as a waits In the
midst of a fast day ceremony.
The delightful Innovation ot housing tbs
homeless and unfortunate In such environ
ments, relates the Los Angeles Times, be
longs exclusively to Southern California, for
no other part of America bears record of
having done likewise.
Wrapped In sunbeams and wreathed with
flower gardens, the Los Angeles county
poorfarm visibly resents the Incongruity of
Its nams, for It la rich Is all tbs beauties
of semi-tropical verdure, rich in the pro
ductiveness ot Its orchards and fields and
rich In the great, permeating joy of lifs
that trembles in every leaf and flower,
transmitting ths influence of Its buoyancy
Into human hearts grown weary, dispirited
and restless.
The farm, which compriaes 339 acres and
is valued at $43,000, is conducted on prac
tical as well as scientific lines. It is tbe
Idea of the management to produce a suf
ficiency of meat, milk, butler, eggs and
vegetablea for use at both the county hos
pital and county poorfarm. There la no
Intention of going Into extensiv sericulture
for financial profit, because such sn ar
rangement would bring pauper labor Into
competition with ths farmers. The aim is
to make the farm sustain Itself, also to
make It one of tha beauty apots of southern
California.
The efforts to beautify have succeeded
well, for no city park was ever mors In-
I vltlng or 'conducive of comfort than ths
, grounds that surround the buildings. Mag.
j nlficcnt palms and evergreens add dignity
to the place, and form retreats for myriads
of songbirds. Hundreds of Immense euca
lyptus trees line the driveways, their huge
. bared trunks standing stately like Roman
esque pillars for many feet above the
ground. Ornamental treea and shrubs are
i everywhere, and emerald lawns form soft
; carpets for weary foet. Dencbea are scat
I tered about In the tree shadows, even find
ing their way inlo the orange orchard.
Leading from tbe railroad station to the
group of brick buildings that ensconce the
last earthly resting plsca of the county
poor. Is a beautiful twelve-foot walk about
a quarter of a mile In length. It Is lined
on one side by a high cypress hedge, while
on the other side Is a low border of lllllea,
shadowed by a row of picturesque palms.
Overtopping all are waving eucalyptus
branches, and Just beyond the palms Is the
orange orchard, loaded with golden fruit
and aromatic wtth tbe fragrance of lta bios
soms. Hundreds of tired souls have walked
alowly and painfully over thla pathwsy, tbe
great grief in their hearts blinding their
eyea to lta beautlea. Had their purses been
lined with gold, and their prospective
havon some hospitable hotel or manalon,
their proud old beads would have been
lifted, and the faded eyes Illumined with
the joy ot expectancy. The pains from the
aching backs would have passed like fleet
ing clouds and ths feeble limbs have re
gained the agility of youth.
Ths number of Inmates at the farm aver
ages 164 men and twenty-four women, most
of whom are decrepit with age, thougb
there are paralytic patlonts, epileptics, Im
beciles and persons with msny other affilo
1 1 otis. Almost all arc helpless and totally
dependent on charity, but a tew are able
to di light labor, receiving $2.60 a month.
A large reading room has been arranged
tor tbe men and aeveral hundred booksare
at tbelr disposal, books ot various Intent
and character, ranging from the Bible,
Shakespeare and Dickens to tbs frivolities
of literature; and to those who can read,
tbe Held of enjoyment la vast. But best
of all, they like to hobble about the ground
drinking In tha pure air, picking fruits
and flowers and gathering the warmth St
nature into their tired hearts.
Through winter and summer, without ces
sation, like faithful friends, ths flowers
bloom, the fruit ripens and ths sun shines.
L'acle flam's Orange Cron.
The orange crop ot ths Department of
Agriculture will bs ready for harvesting
.within the next few Weeks, says ths Wash
ington Post. This msy sound a trifle strange
at this latituds and aesaon, when cold
winds are blowing and the native trees
have shed their summer foliage, but with
ths government's men of science many
things are possible, and this Is ons of them.
Not only does ths department grow apples,
peaches, plums, cherries and other fruits
of ths temperate sone, but quits a number
that are not indigenous to these latitudes,
among the number being the orange. la
ons of Its large greenhouses the department
haa a small grove of orange, citron, shad
dock, lemon, Japan plum and medlar trees
of no mean size. Those of the citrus family
ars literally burdened with the finest fruit,
tbe citrons being almost ready for har
vest. Tbe oranges are now turning yel
low. Some are entirely so, others green,
and still others with large patches or faint
streaks of golden color. The Japan pluma
ars now In the last stages of tbe bloom,
the young fruit being In the first stages of
formation.
It Annoyed Iter.
"Yes, ths widow Is perplexed."
j "How la that?"
I "She doesn't know whether It means that
her husband was a good man or she Is a
vixen."
"I don't understand."
"When be died tbe papers said that he
had gone to a happier home."
t? -
Talk By
Greoct Educators.
Through tha kindly assistance of some of
tha ablest educators in tha West, we pro
sent a list of sttecial article which will bo
almoet a liberal education In themselves. On ions; winter s-venlnrs it
will mean something to you to hava at your command a aeries of ar
ticles of Interest to yourself, your wife and tha children.
SOME OF THEM.
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Write aw snd la as send yes s Fran Issnsis Cery el tsds great swealarUer at tolas,
cute asricwitara. Prise S1.0S s yeaf . Insed weekly.
TWENTIETH CENTURY FARMER,
1719 FAS.MAM- STBIIT, OMaRA, Nil.
Bssean I off ear ta axaenta xt mrmrt paesaffleo In tfco aesMxtry,
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