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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 27, 1902)
THE OMAITA DAILY BEE: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1P02. IMCIXAL RANGE OF ANIMALS Few Theory Eaieci. i Eiscorery of Fossil Munke ;n Wycminj. RESEARCHES MALE BY YALE PROfr.SOR Prchl.f jrie 11 el Ira, la Relnn Ones a 111 Tropla He-lt-ftrcrrts of Anflent Hones anil retrl- Plants. Tb the Ir.st summer two Tale scientific xptorrra-.Dr. J. U Wortman and O. R. Wleland-of the staff of the Peabody mu seum at Yale, carried on the moiit success ful expuratlona of the fossil deposits In Wyoirlr,g that hare been reported since the oays -A Prof. O. C. Marsh. Mr. Wlelaml returard to Talo few weeks ago, after a Ave, months' stay In Wyoming, Dakota and Mxitana. relatea a correspondent of the IVw York Tribune. He brought back with him a considerable collection of mammoth prehistoric North American turtles, besides valuable collection of fossil plants, which he found In the eocene beds of those re glons, and which add their proof to the theory that at one time all the northern part of the United States was tropical in climate and bore most luxurious tropical plant life. The discoveries of Dr. Wort man are regarded of great scientific value, as he found additional remains of fossil North American monkeys. In a paper which Dr. Wfirtmnn Is soon to pnblish In the American Journal of Science kls fossil monkey will be fully described. Tale scientists who have Been the speci mens which he brought back with him from Wyon.lng say without reserve that Pr. "WoiMnan'a discovery la to be ranked with the most Important palaeontologlcal finds of recent yenrs. Dr. Wortman'a collaborators In palaeon tologlcal work at Yale say that his work and the deJuctlens he has been led to draw from It will prove the beginning of an en tirely new understanding of the origin and distribution of mammalia on the earth. While Dr.. Wortman Is to announce this discovery and the theory he has drawn from It to the scientific world shortly, this Is the first announcement that he has per mitted to be made of It in the public press. Baals of a New Theory. Toe generally accepted position of xoolo glta and geologists at the present day as do the origin of animal life on the ear'h Sa that Its beginnings are to be looked for In the present tropical cones; that the North American fauna branched out from tke old world fauna by migration from their ancestral home, and that man origi nated somewhere In the dense tropical re ;glona of the old world, Java, probably. It is not too much to Bay that If the long series of Investigations devoted to this subject by Dr. Wortman prove to be true, tbeue hypotheses of the scientists will havo to be remodeled to a Urge extent. From the monkey fossil remains discovered by Leidy and Marsh some twenty odd year a-io, and from the new and conclusive dis covery made by Dr. Wortman this summer, an entirely new and much more logical theory 1b deduced. Tha theory of a boreal origin of tha apes, monkeys and lemurs, and. In fact, of tha great majority of the mammalia, sup ported as it lr. by the facta in the posses sion of Dr. Wortman, and collected to considerable degree by hla own hands, Is likely, when It Is launched, to create a stir In the scientific world. "I expect, of course, great opposition to this new view at first," said Dr. Wortman today, "but I am aura of m- grouud, and have abundant and In controvertible 'evidence In these fossil re bbsjib to prove it" Ws-r,mlBBj's Ancient Monkeys. Tha fossil remains which have led tha TTala scientist to take tbla advanced posi tion are those of the eocene monkey, found lu rock bed In the Brldger basin of Wyom ing. Not larger than a common house cat, LMs fossil skull la In k.most a complete tate o( preservation, notwithstanding Its burial In Wyoming rock for perhaps 1,000, 000 years. Dr. Wortman says regarding thla conclusion: It my deductions from this new evidence are correct, two things are evident. First, tr.at the present South American monkey did not migrate from any old world lo cality, and la not the descendant of any old world species, aa la now commonly be lieved. Instead, he la the direct descendant of tha prehistoric monkeys whose fossil remains have from tlmo to time been un earthed In Wyoming, and tha final remnant of which I found thla summer. - From that fact It must of necessity be believed that migration southward from the polar re glcne across the United Statea to South America took place among tha monkeys as among other forms of animal and vegetable life, excepting of course such species as became sxtlnct on the way. It must also be accepted thst at tha Urns the Increasing cold In tha north forced tha monkeys Into outb America, where they are now only te be found, a bridge of forests connected North and South America. It thla Is true, and this evidence saya It Is, then the geology of thla continent will have to be revlaed, aa geology now has It that during he time of thla migration North and South America were divided by an ocean. As monkeys do not swim, geology. In the light ot this new evidence, will have to revise some of lta teachings as to the formation and history of the American continents. I believe that this will be done, and that future Investigations In the Mexican penin sula will prove present geology views wrong In this respect. Secondly, It the logical deductlona from theso fossil remains In Wyoming, not alone of monkeys, but of other faunae, are cor rect, and entirely new theory will have to be constructed regarding the origin ot certain forms ot Ufa on this plauel. I have corns to the conclusion, based on the evidence given by these and other fossil remains, that the origin ot ape fauna and tha greater part ot the mammals of this continent was In the north, and that the pea of the old and the new world had common origin In a circumpolar region, which at that time had a tropical climate. Thla la also true, of course, of the flors. We have sufficient data In fossil plants to assure ourselves that plant life also orig inated In this region. Salvia Perpleslaar Ions. The discovery by Leidy. Marsh and my self of fossil monkeys In deposits ot the eocene period In Wyoming will probably help to aolve questions ot the greatest scientific Importance In regard to origin and distribution of fauna oa the earth. From what source, for Instance, sprang the South American apea? They are different from the apea of tha old world. Old the originate In the old world and descend from old world monkeys, as soma sclent lets believe? Or did they migrate northward from the south pole? The stumbling block te the belief In the descent ot the South Americas monkeys front those of the old world has been the great difference in structure between tha two. The South American monkeys are smaller than thoea la the old world; they have aa additional molar tooth In each Jaw; their nostrils are set wider apart and opea laterally, while those of the old world monkeys are closer together and opea obliquely; they have ao cheek pouches, aad their talis are generally long aad prehensile, which la rarely. If ever, found la the old world species. To believe that these differences caa be traced sack l the tentperaUvsl receat migration from the old world that Is geologically nec essary la difficult. The fact that fossil monkeys hsve now been found In Wyoming In a deposit of tropical nature, and which corresponds In every particular, not to the lemurs of the old world, but to the mon keys at present Inhabiting South America, makes this an Impnealble hypothesis. The evidence Is thst the 8ooth American mon keys. Instead of descending from old world apes, hsve a definitely provable origin in the fossil monkeys found In Wyoming, which date back to an ago when the whole northern part of the world was as hot as the present equatorial regiona. Heat at the Morth role. The theory that the north pole was at the time of the origin of life on tho earth s heated area Is proved beyond question by the fossil remains of tropical plant life far up along the Canadian border and within the Arctic circle. It has been known for some time that thla la true. My the oryand It Is one that will probably be challenged Immediately by scientists is based on these fossil finds and on others that have preceded them. It la that the origin ot many forms of mammalian life on tbla planet was boreal, in a circumpolar region. Thousands ot years before the gla cial epoch, that came at the close of the pliocene, animal life began, and lta sub sequent distribution, with the Bora, over the earth's surface, waa the direct result ot migration, made necessary by the alow advance of the cold epoch known aa the glacial period. Granting this common origin of life around tho north pole, the equestlon of the distribution of the flora and fauna over the earth becomes reasonable. There were two continents down which this recession of life passed southward, over Europe and Asia, ond southward, over North America. The theory then comes down to this, that these two main streams of gradually re treating life, the vegetable and animal, passed southward In front of the advan cing cold and Ice, till the earth was In habited, life following the tropics every where. On this theory the whole question of the distribution of certain forms of life over the earth becomes clear. Animal life on this continent developed no higher than the South American monkeys. The old world current developed Into the anthro poid ape, and then, by a colossal accident, Into man. Boreal Origin of Life. One of the strongest evidences for my belief that migration took place from the north southward is that at the beginning ot several periods in th geological scale we have suddenly appearing specimens of entirely strange and new species of animal life. At the commencement of the first period of the eocene, for Instance, we have seventy-live species ot higher mammals apparently coming into existence all at once. In tha cretaceous the same phenom enon happened, speclea dying out later. The wasatch period of the Wyoming eocene bingi the monkeys. To say that these species sprang Into being all at once and In eudden bounds is unthinkable. Migra tion Is the only possible reason that can be given migration from a more northern region southward aa the ice formed and the tropical vegetation died that preceded It. This, to ray mind. Is proof positive bf the boreal origin of life. The face of na ture changed also during this gradual re cession of types southward. Following the tropical epoch In the north came a time of open plains, as Is proved by the changed character of the fossil animals found, the newer species having a structure adapted to open country running. All animals fol lowed the tropical xone aouth, except such few as adapted themselves to the colder climate, and remained on . the borders of the advancing Ice fields. Most other spe cies died and became extinct, being either unable to adapt themselves to the new conditions or not following the others south. The monkeys went with tha forests, following tbe tropica, until now they are extinct on thla continent except In South America. The same thing identically hap pened in the old world, animal and vege table life following the tropica south as the ice advanced from the north, until in soma unusual conditions man was born from the highest typ of apea. One specimen which I brought back with me this week from Wyoming is worth its weight In first water diamonds. It Is the skull of an eocene monkey, showing tho two Jaws complete, with their complement of teeth, the first, I may aay, that has ever been found The teeth prove beyond con troversy that these eocene forms are mon keys and not lemurs, a fact which Is ot the highest importance. Instead ot the protruding lower teeth, this specimen showed the uptight teeth of the living monkeys of today, different from the old world lemurs. It has also molars similar to certain of the South American monkeys. Ths character ot the akeleton, moreover, points to the monkeys of South America as Its nearest living ally. I cannot but conclude, therefore, that there Is generio connecticn between ths two. A CHANGE OK TREATMENT. BSTeet of Personally Condacted Tanacht Transference. "It waa a downright lie," laughed the re turned traveler, quoted by the Detroit Free Press, "but It was done In a good cause, and I don't regret It. While I was In California I chanced to find myself one day at noon in a thinly aettled part of tbe country, and, coming to a small rundown ranch, I decided to stop and see if 1 could get my dinner. The old lady who came to ths door made me welcome and Invited me to atep Inside. " 'You'll have to wait a few minutes.' she said, ' 'cause I'm awfully preased with work. You aee my husband Is sick, an' I hava to do hla work aa well as my own, an' It comes dreadful hard. 'I'm sorry to hear that your husband la alck, madam,' aald I. "What seems to be the matter?' " 'I guess it must be something awful,' she answered, 'cause he Bent 15 to a man back east to treat him by ths thought method. An' now every day ha gets a message through the air what tells him that he Is swfully alck an that he musn't get up before 8 o'clock In the mornln', an' pot to think of doln' any work, an' to eat pie an' cake three times a day!" "Just then her husband came lounging In. He waa a big, overgrown apecimen of a man with nothing the world the matter with him but laxlnesa, and I waa seised with sn Idea. Springing up, I grasped him by the hand and ahook It heartily. " 'I'm glad to see one ot my patients!' I cried. 'I've been worried about you for some time; so I decided to come out and see you personally. From what I hear fro a your wife I am afraid that the wirea have beea eroaaed and that you have not been understanding my thought messages.' M 'Didn't ye tell me to stay In bed till o'clock In the mornln'? he asked weakly. '"Not a bit of It,' I answered cheerfully. 'My instructions to you were to get up every morning at ( o'clock and aplit wood tor two hours before breakfast. As for pie sad cake, they are ths worst things you can eat.' " 'Madam,' aald I when I was ready to leave, 'your husband Is a very sick man, aad nothing but hard work will aavs him. Hard work, madam, and lota of It.' 'I'll see that he geta It,' aha answered grimly. I've got an idee he got them wirea crossed oa purpose!' "Whaa I reached a bend la ths road I looked back. The old lady waa already In troduclag her husband ts Us wsedpUa." 'J have traveled cm most of the important railroads in Arneriot and Europe, and have dined on sveh of them as hare restaurant cars. J would rathe.r dine on a Burlington Rovie dining car than on any railroad dining car that 1 Inow of in the rrorld The only other rail road service that compares wi h it in desira bility, is thi Orient Kipress. in which I trav eled btlwetn Paris and Constantinople." S. S. AlcClure, Publisher JlcCivre'i Magazine. ummi mmm car You pay for only what you order, and what you order is good. Burlington dining cars attached to Bur. lington flyers for Chicago and the East, Denver and the West, Seattle and the Northwest. The service? Well, that's Burington, too. And you know "Burlington" is like "Sterling" on silver. Tickets, 1502 Farnam Street 2r AN EDEN WITHOUT AN EVE Comfort and Lixnry which Surround Bachelors on Easy Street WHY SOME MEN DO NOT MARRY High Lonesome Exalt Their Freedom Possible to Live in a. House Without the Aid of Woman. It cannot be proved by statistics, says the New York Evening Post, that bachelore are Increasing in New York, out of proportion to ths rapid Increase ot population, but the belief prevails that they are. Of tbe two classes, the bachelors ot necessity, as dis tinguished from the bachelors of choice,' are growing more numerous with the Increasing fierceness of competition In business and professional life, and with the always ad vancing cost ot living In the crowded cities. Mere existence Is expensive, growing more expensive yearly, and at the same time the standard of living Is rising constantly. Among tbe young Invaders of New York who make up by far theVreater part ot the city's force of fresh energy It haa come to be a matter of comment for a man under SO V win a position where the salary or in come justifies him in marrying. Certainly, the young physician, after four years of col lege, four of medical achool and two of hospital practice, cannot hope to build up a practice in the two years left on tbe hither sldo of 30 that will justify him In taking a wife. Tbe man who secures a $10-a-week clerkship In a law office at 25, the average age of graduates ot the best law schools, can assuredly count on five years of effort before he begins to feel solid ground under his financial feet. And the quickly won success In any business, whether It be that ot broker, merchant or even historical novel. Is rare. For many the period ot enforced bach elorhood Is unduly prolonged by family necessity. A steady, capable newspaper man, now earning $35 a week nnd aure of advancement, sends more than half of that amount weekly to a mother and alster In an up-state town. Another, whose short stor ies within the last two yeara have sold freely at good prices, supports an estab lishment over which his mother presides. So, in another caae, the man Uvea In an apartment with an only sister. To men like these New York means opportunity: first to discharge family obligations, and afterward to become the beada of families iu a differ ent sense. If it were permissible ' to classify the bachelors of choice, the temptation would ' be strong to call them the workers and : the spenders. Here would be two distinct j types. Of tbe workers certain things are j true they are consumed with the ambition j to win big material success, with which j they suppose matrimony will conflict; they ! are stubborn, preserving literary hacks ; or unrecognized young artists, who are literally too poor to marry; or they are what may be termed matrimonial cow ards. All ot these deliberately set their ambition, hopes, or prejudices before them and say: "Until such ambitions be realized, or such hopes fulfilled, or such prejudices removed, we must go on alone." The War of tho 8pnar. The spenders, with none ot the foregoing reasons for renouncing matrimony, may be of that fairly numerous class ot young men who. Inheriting wealth in some more or less obscure part of the country, come to New York to "cut their eye teeth." The phrase Is suggestive ot their career. They may be New Yorkers of Inherited wealth and Insured social position who care for freedom of movement back and forth across the Atlantic, and who are aelfistt enough to think they can order their own pleasure to best advantage. Then there are the wealthy bachelors who pose aa artists, or singers, or literary men and court tbe no tice of press and public as bachelor geniuses. Some bachelora live In boarding houses, mixing naturally with the boarding house population; but these are tew. With the growth of ths bachelor habit, the Instinct of segregation develops. It is not unlikely that the first year of life In New York will aee the struggling lawyer taking one or two furnlabed rooms, either alons or with another ot hla professional associates, and the doctors' and brokens' clerks do likewise. From the furnished room the establishment Is likely to crow Into aa "apartment" always occupied by as few aa the required to meet the extortionate rent bill. It Is well enough to encourage family life, the bachelor argues, but he wonders why landlords, tbe moment they I dub their structures "bachelor apartments," should demand double the rent they could possibly get from ordinary "flat" tenants. The bachelor, of necessity, perforce, passes tbe bachelor apartments by and makes shift In various ways. A common expedient la to Invade an ordinary apart ment or flat house, furnish the flat after bachelor Ideas, engage servants who can cook simple breakfasts and care for the rooms. In this way a family of single men live comfortably and at reasonable coat. Cnt Dona Expenses. An Interesting experiment was that re cently made by five unmarried men who are workers In one of the West Side slum settlements. They rented sn entire three story house in an obscure street for $900 a year. After thoroughly renovating It they furnished five bedrooms on the second and third floors and converted the first floor Into an attractive parlor and atudy. The basement they let to ths women who cared for the house rent canalizing - service. Each floor they valued at $300 a year, so tor the parlor and study' every man con tributed $60. The two men who occupied the second floor paid $50 each, while tho three above paid $100 apiece. Thua, for an average cost of $180 a year beyond ths expense of furnishing, which bore not too heavily on the five, a comfortable home waa provided for ths cost ot one narrow hall bedroom. Until the experiment la actually under taken the matter of housekeeping appears blmple enough to tb ordinary man. But afterward! Three young men took a flat on October 1 of this year, finding, after a frantio search, with their belongings all but thrown into the street from three separate furnished rooms that had been given up, an apartment far enough down town to suit the latest sleeper. First It waa the new wall paper and in- ! itial cleaning that dragged on from day to day in the most discouraging way. The fact that the young men's hours down town coincided exactly with those of the apartment house agent uptown did not tend to hasten the matter, But after two weeka came a day when the walla were newly covered and the floors freshly var nished. The bachelors began to look about for other furniture to supplement their three beds and two chairs. "What do we absolutely need?" asked one. Very gravely the aecond answered: "We must have a hall carpet, a door mat and waste paper baskets." Home Thlnars Overlooked. "An art square for the dining room," volunteered tho third. Portieres, towel racks and special burners were suggested before It occurred to me to begin with the floor and ascend In making out a list of necessities. So it happened that rugs were obtained, chalra and a dining room table bought. The day before the servant ap peared to cook the first breakfast the tact that they had provided no kltcben utensils dawned upon them. "An egg beater and a sink shovel are absolutely necessary," as serted one. He had received the Informa tion from a woman of long experience. Tbe breakfaat was prepared, after two hurried trips by one of the trio to tbe grocery and dairy. Tbe aervant made a list, then, of Indis pensable articles, explained that a grocer would call to take orders and that milk and butter would be delivered fresh every morning. This appeared to be welcome in formation to the batchelors, who had tried to show their foresight by laying In a aupply of milk and cream the day before It waa to bs used. "We'll arrange to bavo dinner here," aald one, looking hopefully across the breakfast table, "when the th oe of us are to be at home together." The idea seemed to be a good one. One knew of four men living on Stuyvesant. square who had adopted that plan. What did they have for dinner? That waa not known, but there waa roast beer. "And leg of lamb," put In the second. "Steak," asserted the third, "and chops can be easily cooked on our trusty gss stove." Tbs servant waa called in. "We may want dlnnera here sometimes," began the diplomat. "We ll always let you know In the morning," Interrupted the sec ond, "and we might have some of the things dona over tor breakfast." This ques tion from the third startled the silence: "Can you cook a dinner?" The boneat old woman smiled apologetically aa she an swered, "I don't know, sir; I never tried." Aad It never dawned upon them until that moment that tbe woman who had been recommended to tbem had spent a long and useful existence as a hotel chambermaid. The first dlnntr In that flat Is yet to be cooked. Upon all friends who seem to have aa invitation to dinner on their llpa these three bachelors smile with deceptive cordi ality. Of course, to the spenders these problems are not ao grave. When it la considered that the lreu,uBtl- par from $5,ooo t $15,000 a year for their quarters, it Is fair to assume that their establishments include competent chefs. The six men who, to se cure exactly what they wanted, built a $500,000 house In the club district will pre sumably not be troubled with Incompetent servants. The bachelor who spends $1,000, 000 a year on country houses, horses, yachts anl great entertainments and has been held up as,the American bachelor, par excellence, is neither typical nor useful aa an example. From the half casual hospitality ot the furnished-room bachelor and his modest little bowl of punch and box of clgara to the elaborate hotel entertainments of some of the spenders is a long cry. But what ever the bachelora' social position or ambi tion, the duty of entertaining frienda de volves upon them. Certainly, the willing ness of his women friends to come to his little "flat warmings" or, it may be, a day-before-Chrlstmaa tree, ought to cheer him. Ths suspicion that these women are In league against him, wtth all the power ot example and suggestion, drawing htm to ward the joys and responsibilities of mar riage, doea not dawn upon the bachelor In his own stronghold. In his innocence he thinks that all the women who laugh at his housekeeping experiences and ridicule good naturedly his whole menage envy blm his freedom and philosophy. GAVE THE SINEWS OP WAR. TJnlqae Roll of Honor In the Treaaary Department. It Is not generally known, reports the Washington Post, that in tbe Treasury department, flanked by piles of coin end bills, there is a roll of honor the name of those who, in the trying days before the war with Spain, gave of their worldly goods to help defray their government's expenses during tbe conflict. It is ths nams of a woman with millions who gave from ber abundance, a pensioner who parted wtth his bounty. Tbe record telle also ot two little girls who, Imbued with patriotism, worked and aaved a sum that to others, doubtless, seemed paltry, then sent it on to Washington to aid In the cause of an other people's liberty. There were some who, giving tor the sake of the giving and caring nothing for tbe praise of others, gave anonymously. The letters from such are preserved along with the others. Two Britishers are on ths list. Tbs amounts they gave were small, but no contribution to the war fund was more appreciated. Miss Helen Miller Gould of New Yjrk. whose charitable use of ber millions has endeared ber to tus heart ot every Ameri can, waa the first to oiTet financial assist ance to the government. Her letter, ac companying a check for $100,000, waa the first to be received. It Is the first letter in the book, and la an Indication ot the plain, businesslike methods of this young woman. The letter is addressed to the tressurer of the United Statea and reads: "Some days ago I wrote President Mc Klnley, offering the government the sum ot $100,00 for use In the present difficul ties with Spain. He writes me that he haa no official authority to receive moneys in behalf of tbe United States, and he sug gests that ray purpose can best be served by making a deposit with the assistant treasurer at New York, to tbe credit of tbe treasurer of the United States, or by remitting my check direct to you at Wash ington. I, therefore. In close ray check for the above amount, drawn payable to your order on the Lincoln National bank. Will you kindly acknowledge receipt of same? Very truly, "HELEN MILLER GOULD." In striking contrast to tbe gift of Miss Gould Is thtt of Thomas Doyle, an old sol dier and a pensioner of St. Louis, Mo. There Is no letter from Mr. Doyle in the book, but the statement la recorded that he forwarded hla pension voucher, prop erly made out, to the credit of tbe treas urer of the United Statea, each tiro he re ceived It from the Pension bureau during the time of the war. He receives a pen sion of $24 a month. Lillian Ranney of 10T and Elllnor J. Lawler of 130 Virginia avenue, St. Paul, were two little girls who gave a doll sbow and then sent to President McKlnley tbs receipts. Their letter reada: "We little girla have juat had a doll's show to earn some money ta help you pay tor the war, so we send you all ws mads, $1.10, and hope it will help you." John Zimmerman of Philadelphia, every month that the war lasted, sent tie check tor $50. A New York society woman wrote Presi dent McKlnley as follows: "I would like to assist you in giving my mite toward tbe war. It is a amall amount, but It will go a little way. My prayers go with It." A check for 1,000 was inclosed, but owing to the giver's request her name has been erased from ths letter. Julius Pepperbe.-g of Plattsmouth, Neb., sent bis check for $200. William Hartwell of Bristol, England, wrote to President McKlnley as follows: "Enclosed you will please find a post office order for 1, a small contribution toward your fund for carrying on tbs war against Spain." An anonymous New Yorker sent a check for $100 every month, while two Wash ingtonlans, evidently government officials, forwarded to the treasurer of the United Btates drafts for $50 each month of tho war. A Winfield (Kan.) man sent $15 and asked that bis name be not used. W. Hume Elliot of Manchester, England, wrote President McKlnley: "Will you kindly accept a half guinea aa a very small token of a great regard for the United Statea and Its present high and righteous enterprise? it may famish a cup of cold water to some member of your army and navy bravely contending In the Interests of humanity and Justice. Your gracious permission to do this will confer on me a highly valuled honor." POOn FARM AMID FLOWERS. Orsage Blossoms and Sanshlaa for tho Paapera of I,oa Angeles;. A poorfarm In tbe midst 'of an orange grove la as remarkable as a waits In the midst of a fast day ceremony. The delightful Innovation ot housing tbs homeless and unfortunate In such environ ments, relates the Los Angeles Times, be longs exclusively to Southern California, for no other part of America bears record of having done likewise. Wrapped In sunbeams and wreathed with flower gardens, the Los Angeles county poorfarm visibly resents the Incongruity of Its nams, for It la rich Is all tbs beauties of semi-tropical verdure, rich in the pro ductiveness ot Its orchards and fields and rich In the great, permeating joy of lifs that trembles in every leaf and flower, transmitting ths influence of Its buoyancy Into human hearts grown weary, dispirited and restless. The farm, which compriaes 339 acres and is valued at $43,000, is conducted on prac tical as well as scientific lines. It is tbe Idea of the management to produce a suf ficiency of meat, milk, butler, eggs and vegetablea for use at both the county hos pital and county poorfarm. There la no Intention of going Into extensiv sericulture for financial profit, because such sn ar rangement would bring pauper labor Into competition with ths farmers. The aim is to make the farm sustain Itself, also to make It one of tha beauty apots of southern California. The efforts to beautify have succeeded well, for no city park was ever mors In- I vltlng or 'conducive of comfort than ths , grounds that surround the buildings. Mag. j nlficcnt palms and evergreens add dignity to the place, and form retreats for myriads of songbirds. Hundreds of Immense euca lyptus trees line the driveways, their huge . bared trunks standing stately like Roman esque pillars for many feet above the ground. Ornamental treea and shrubs are i everywhere, and emerald lawns form soft ; carpets for weary foet. Dencbea are scat I tered about In the tree shadows, even find ing their way inlo the orange orchard. Leading from tbe railroad station to the group of brick buildings that ensconce the last earthly resting plsca of the county poor. Is a beautiful twelve-foot walk about a quarter of a mile In length. It Is lined on one side by a high cypress hedge, while on the other side Is a low border of lllllea, shadowed by a row of picturesque palms. Overtopping all are waving eucalyptus branches, and Just beyond the palms Is the orange orchard, loaded with golden fruit and aromatic wtth tbe fragrance of lta bios soms. Hundreds of tired souls have walked alowly and painfully over thla pathwsy, tbe great grief in their hearts blinding their eyea to lta beautlea. Had their purses been lined with gold, and their prospective havon some hospitable hotel or manalon, their proud old beads would have been lifted, and the faded eyes Illumined with the joy ot expectancy. The pains from the aching backs would have passed like fleet ing clouds and ths feeble limbs have re gained the agility of youth. Ths number of Inmates at the farm aver ages 164 men and twenty-four women, most of whom are decrepit with age, thougb there are paralytic patlonts, epileptics, Im beciles and persons with msny other affilo 1 1 otis. Almost all arc helpless and totally dependent on charity, but a tew are able to di light labor, receiving $2.60 a month. A large reading room has been arranged tor tbe men and aeveral hundred booksare at tbelr disposal, books ot various Intent and character, ranging from the Bible, Shakespeare and Dickens to tbs frivolities of literature; and to those who can read, tbe Held of enjoyment la vast. But best of all, they like to hobble about the ground drinking In tha pure air, picking fruits and flowers and gathering the warmth St nature into their tired hearts. Through winter and summer, without ces sation, like faithful friends, ths flowers bloom, the fruit ripens and ths sun shines. L'acle flam's Orange Cron. The orange crop ot ths Department of Agriculture will bs ready for harvesting .within the next few Weeks, says ths Wash ington Post. This msy sound a trifle strange at this latituds and aesaon, when cold winds are blowing and the native trees have shed their summer foliage, but with ths government's men of science many things are possible, and this Is ons of them. Not only does ths department grow apples, peaches, plums, cherries and other fruits of ths temperate sone, but quits a number that are not indigenous to these latitudes, among the number being the orange. la ons of Its large greenhouses the department haa a small grove of orange, citron, shad dock, lemon, Japan plum and medlar trees of no mean size. Those of the citrus family ars literally burdened with the finest fruit, tbe citrons being almost ready for har vest. Tbe oranges are now turning yel low. Some are entirely so, others green, and still others with large patches or faint streaks of golden color. The Japan pluma ars now In the last stages of tbe bloom, the young fruit being In the first stages of formation. It Annoyed Iter. "Yes, ths widow Is perplexed." j "How la that?" I "She doesn't know whether It means that her husband was a good man or she Is a vixen." "I don't understand." "When be died tbe papers said that he had gone to a happier home." t? - Talk By Greoct Educators. Through tha kindly assistance of some of tha ablest educators in tha West, we pro sent a list of sttecial article which will bo almoet a liberal education In themselves. On ions; winter s-venlnrs it will mean something to you to hava at your command a aeries of ar ticles of Interest to yourself, your wife and tha children. SOME OF THEM. nexPM Srla l't!nitr. Mkfcwom of rbti i fum. Into.llikaiU'i tvnarti "TW WT St Stofrnls A KMIMMFtM " Bf IH. l"M nit u Tlx LXMrtti SckMi Maria tut Dafetai LLD , CkaaMriar ml Sat a I MkUw rn. at lavs O. Avtaawaft. fraa. Colan4 SrHaa. k.C. Saraaa, lav tiata af 1mA fcv HIM. Sr Haa. Gaon . SDH, fravmara Wnail Slaat lint ml ifiluiw. ttu Kara m-n f Carta t . Cuim. fi mmt Arl i n la in, ta i aWaaat CUlaa. Write aw snd la as send yes s Fran Issnsis Cery el tsds great swealarUer at tolas, cute asricwitara. Prise S1.0S s yeaf . Insed weekly. TWENTIETH CENTURY FARMER, 1719 FAS.MAM- STBIIT, OMaRA, Nil. 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