PLUNGER'S METEORIC FALL
Trmitioi of Dttroit'i rissmrial Jgpolson
from Falace U Penitentiary.
CONVICTION AND SENTENCE OF ANDREWS
FnUrn ef Hit fareer Wn.rl Pola.
Several Merala ii flperalaters
,tYfc Do Not Kw
wk it.
Prank C. Andrew. th financial Napol
eon of Detroit, plunger, promoter and bank
wrecker, hat been tried and convicted of
fraud and aenlenced to fifteen years In the
penitentiary. Tba chsrgs on which he wat
conTicted was unlawfully misappropriating
the lum of $8,000, which he drew bjr check
from tba bank on February (. 1902. Thin
aunt la aa Insignificant part of th money
loss to the depositor of the Detroit City
Savings bank which hla operation entailed.
Andrew waa Tlce prealdent of th CUy
Savin bank and owned tock In several
other bank. H controlled a leading news
paper, ha was treasurer of three electric
railroad, be had Investment In various
mining enterprises, be owned a part Inter
est la several Industrial concern and he
held a number of valuable piece of real
atata. Ha had established a nam a a
financier by floating th bonda of hi rail
road companies, by organising a trust
company and by helping to - reorganise
three banka. Ha lived In a $100,000 man
sion, one of th finest on aristocratic
Woodward avenue. He was police commis
sioner of tha city, gava hi $5,000 salary to
charity and dreamed of tba governor'
chair at Lansing.
Eight month' ago ha was In tha lenlth
of bis glory, outwardly at least. Ha waa
rated a millionaire and waa commonly
believed to poteens th magic charm which
turned Into gold every enterprise ha
touched. But ha did not know when he
had enough. The inward craving waa for
mora, more. The first million only whet
ted hi appetite for another. He proceeded
to get It by hi rule of speculation. In
eight months he lost hi fortune and
swindled others out of nearly $2,000,000.
With the connivance of Ha cashier, Henry
R. Andrews, he robbed the City Savings
bank of $911,000 within twenty days. With
the help of the same tool ha swindled its
other Detroit banka of $662,000 In a single
day. On the 10th of February last he waa
arrested and the bank placed In the hands
ef a receiver. His trial began July 14 and
ended August It, with a verdict of guilty.
A Smooth Oae.
The Detroit plunger Is a man of notable
qualities, which 'would have Insured
him a comfortable fortune .In legiti
mate business. He was born near Romeo,
a few mile from Detroit. He was 19 yeara
old when he left a country store In 1890 to
coma to Detroit. His early training was
"in real estate offices, where talent waa
brought Into play. In two year he had
earned a fortune of $25,000. Aa he pros
pered he became a member of several
clubs, but he waa not much of a club man.
He was not a rounder, nor given to ex
travagance. He waa not addicted to drink,
to fact horse or to other dissipations. Hla
habits were altogether exemplary, and ha
enjoyed the respect of hi acquaintances.
He has boasted that hi living expense
have not exceeded $500 a month.
Andrews began to datable In stock about
1895. He believed the country waa on tha
v of-an era of prosperity and ha began
to put his theory of speculation to tha
test-. Ha operated cautiously,' contenting
himself .with, small profits and making
quick turn. He really believed himself a
favorite of destiny, Napoleon of finance,
but, forgot Waterloo. Hera I hi view of
money getting, and it reflect hi opinion
of himself:
"Money making require personal Otneaa.
After nature, give thank to your mother.
I look on It a I do on other talents. Take
singing. Will even money buy ma a throat?
It Is absurd. A born money getter doea not
think that he Is doing any great thing. A
a rule be doesn't Ilka to be told of hla
success. Ha 1 (Imply living out hi rou
tine existence, as a duck take to water.
It . I not . half so wonderful to the actor
a to the spectator, for he ia merely carry
ing out hi bent. People talk endlessly
about money, aa though there were some
thing sacred or mysterious about it. Tha
fact is tha money faculty la an lnatlnct,
the aame aa our other instinct.
"Can a man make his opportunities? To
a certain extent; usually he cannot. There
Is destiny. Nature makea no mistakes. W
look around and sea perfect order, but whan
we coma to man so many of u believe that
wa are In wrong place, that we have never
had an opportunity, that wa cannot be
useful In our present work. This la a mis
take. That man la fulfilling hi mission who
realise hi work and follow hi task. Be
yond that no value count."
A Political Plan;.
During th campaign of 1900 Homer War
ren, who wa treasurer of th Michigan
atat republican committee, made a tour of
tha tat to alt up tha polltloal situation,
and on hia way bom called on Senator
Hanna and Henry C. Payne at republican
headquarters In Chicago. They aaaured
him there waa no doubt of the reelection
of President McKlnley. On hla return to
Detroit Mr. Warren waa qulssed by An-
hes mm
Volume, at times, of woman's happi
ness or misery. The dull, sunken eve,
with its dark circle almost surely speak
of womanly ill-health, and it attendant
suffering. With the dull era goes usu
ally the aallow, sunken cheek, the drawn
mouth, the shrunken form the whole
glory of woman's beauty marred by th
elf cola of disease.
Ir. Pierce's Favorite Prescription cures
the diseases which undermine the health
and mar th beauty of Women. It eotrb
bahes regularity, dries weakening drains,
heal inflammation and ulceration, and
Cures female weakness.
Sick women art invited to consult Dr.
Pierca by letter frte, and so obtain th
advice of a specialist npon their disease.
All correspondence is strictly private
and secreUly confidential. Address Dr.
JU V. Pierce, Buflalo, N. Y.
' 'With pleasure I send a few Uaaa fc let yea
koow that I fct stuck batter thaa for mi at
year bhr taking your Medicine, writ Mm
Vierr Oeiae. ol Wcat Fhila. street, York, r.
will recuuaiead Dr. Pierce's taedti-io to every
Craoa who may iaatiir aa to what it ka don
' aae. I wa troubled with fcmal weakoew,
tud beraa to think 1 would never be wall. If I
ad Muimunl tb treatment prwacritied by my
doctor I doa't know what would aav become of
o. Wkea vow treatmest waa commenced my
weifbt waa m wounda, at present U la 130.
Have baakhv color and my fnenda any I kxk
well. My best tbanka U ywa am- my best
wiabea. too, fc wkat ywa bave done lav me
Favorite Pteacri prion" makes weak
euujsu etiueig, aUCa, wiwiarii well. Acuepi
no substitute for the tnedidn which
Works wonders for weak women.
Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets defease
the clogged lyaUM tram. avqimulstcd
imHuvut.
Wives Should Not Worry
Harriet Frescott SpofTord talks to ber
married sisters Is this cheerful, sensible
fashion: Ther are women In the world
who. If they spent their Uvea crntrlvlng
how to wear out the patience of their hus
band, could do it to no better advantage.
:t they aver read tbey never took to heart
that verse In Proverbs which tells us how
he wise woman butldeth her house, but
he foolish pluoketh It down with her hands,
lh moment they open their eyes In the
.nornlng tbey begin to complain about
something, and the last breath at nlgbt I
rpent In tome vain regret. At brrakfast
they make It unsafe to speak, as any re
mark I sure to be contorted Into offense;
they think that the husband need not
spend tha little time he Is at the table
over the newspaper and say so; they are
distressed by the service, disgusted by the
dishes, vexed by the children, and fill the
hour so. entirely with restless nagging that
when the door rlosea behind him the hus
band is justified ir he feels himself escap
ing Into free air and breaking loose from
his bonds.
That husband is unlikely to return at
the luncheon hour, even if his home Is
within reasonsble distance freedom Is too
pleasant to be lightly thrown away, peace
kt too precious. He knows. If he doea.
that bis entertainment will be an account
of headache or some other ache, for which
In some dim way he seems to blame, of
the shortcomings of servants, the misdoings
of children, the unklndness of the neigh
bors, tha depravity of things in general.'
And that woman wonders why her hus
Polish Cardinal's Career
Th Rome correspondent of the New
Tork Sun. who writes under the pen name
"Innomenato," pronounces Cardinal Le
dowchowskl, who has Just died, a peculiar
and original character and sketches hi
career and characterletlca a follow:
A papal diplomat, he attained high
place without ever gaining th confidence
of the Romans. Though the first victim.
In company with Cardinal Krement of tin
Prusolan Kulturkampf, ha won the affec
tion of the court and of tha emperor and
wa the most subtle and obstinate rep
resentative of the idea of re-establlshlnr
the empire of the west
A Pole, ha was nevertheless tha man of
Germany and of Austria. A great and
lofty Idea dominated hi somewhat con
tradictory life and united Its inconsisten
cies Into a higher synthesis. This wa op
position to Russia. The archbishop of
Posen feared the exsr's Invasion of tho
west. Victorious Germany waa to hnllri
up the Impregnable dikes against tha Mus
covite flood. At Versailles Immediately
after the war with France ha advocated
tha restoration of the holy Roman empire
under the protection of the Hoheozollerns,
aided by Rome and tha Catholics. Wil
helm. II I to lake up later the Idea, which
A ooa as he was appointed archbishop
of Posen Mgr. Ledochowskl became a per
son of great influence at tha court of Ber
lin. Bismarck was Jealous of his ascend
ency; he was suspicious; he hated tho Pole.
His famous phrase, "Look for the Pole,"
expresnrd hla contempt and his fears. It
was tin time when he was crushing tha
feudal conservative party, when ho -was
preparing for the Kulturkampf, out of
which ha wished the "moral unity" of tha
new empire to riaa. Cardinal Ledochowskl
was' the first to fall. The chancellor put
him In Jail at once in order to get rid of
the powerful Pole. For that reason tha
enemy of Bismarck, the martyr of tha
Kulturkampf, waa yet able to be the rep
resentative man In tha sense of Emerson
and Carlyle, of the "greater Germany."
Tniis. fact ha been unnoticed by every
one, except perhapa M. da Behaine, tha
French ambassador to the Vatican. When
Leo XIII, ten years ago, appointed htm
prefect of the propaganda, that ministry
of Catholic colonies, M. da Behaine, ex
pressed his criticism snd his uneasiness to
Cardinal Rampolla. The secretary of atata
was surprised. "You ara erexy," he aald:
why Cardinal Ledochowskl votes always
as I do; ha la tha enemy of Prussia, ths
victim of tba Kulturkampf." Four month
later William II went to Rome. Hia first
drews, who then loaded up with stocks,
which its sold after tha election at a good
profit
He was a noticeable character because of
his Intenes activity. He was never In re
pose, dashing hither and thither like a
swallow. On the street he cped slong with
head down, absorbed In his own affairs,
seeing nobody and oblivious to what was
going on about him. Ha wasted no words
and ha made hia decisions with lightning
rapidity. Mr. Warren once got an option
on a Fort street piece of property at
(110,000. Coming out of ths building after
consulting the owner, he happened to meet
Andrews snd proposed that they take ths
property. The young man responded on tha
Instant In quick, nervoua sentences: "All
right, all right Buy It" A week later they
sold out st a profit of $18.000.,
' Early in his career Andrews began to1 In
eat hla surplus profits in the stock of
banks. H thus acquired holdings In tha
City Savings, the Dime Savinga and the
Preston National banks of Detroit, tha
Park National of New York, the First Na
tional of Romeo and ths Romeo Saving
bank. He secured 8o0 of ths 1,600 share
In tha City Savings, tha next largest hold
ing being fifty shares. When Frank C. Pin
grae became president, nearly two years
ago, Mr. Andrews waa made vice president.
Mr.. Plngree, a brother of the late Governor
Hasan S. Plngree, accepted tha presidency
with tha understanding that much of the
burden of management should fall upon tha
vice president, and upon Henry R. Andrewa,
tha cashier, wbo ia not related to Frank C.
Andrews, ths plunger. The latter slso be
came president of tha Ideal Reserve Insur
ance company.
Pillass I'p th Load.
' From financing the young plunger turned
hi attention to politics about a year and a
half ago. He wa one of tho prim agent
in getting th Michigan legislature to pan
h "ripper" law to reorganise several pub
11c board In Detroit for th selfish ends of
oertain men. Ia thla schema ha becam
eollo commissioner. One of his firs
moves was to attempt to drive the Salvo
Ion Army, ths single tax orators and ethai
street sboutsrs from th Campus, during
which ha bad tha hoaa turned on tha noise
makers. A riot was precipitated and tha
mob forced Andrews to tsks Shelter in tbf
Russell House.
Ons of his next tests waa to get an option
on the Detroit Free Press snd Journal.
Thla waa supposed to be part of a scheme
to grab street ear franchises worth 120,000.
000. Andrews organized a syndicate that
bought tha "Journal, but tha franc his
scheme still hangs firs.
Money cams rolling in so fsst that In a
slngls year ths young plunger was abls to
invest HjOO.ouu real estate. Looking
ever th situation laat AuiruBt. he found
I iiimali wuFtii fl.CCv.u'iw, aii lie vuuLeui-
plated retiring from kctlv business, to de
vote his time to his duties as police com
missioner and ts hla political ambitions,
la aa Interview hs said:
I have nothing to sU axul (o not wish to
Tim trarAliA uAlirr JTrrizt tsttn ua-i ,
band never comes
place Is closed.
home till every other
Probably when thla man does go bom
at the late dinner hour It la because It Is
needs must w'th him. He would like to
love his home, to enjoy hi children, to
comfort his wife; but It la difficult to love
that which Is unlovable, to enjoy that In
which you meet perpetual hindrance, or to
give comfort when the springs of ramfort
bave been exhausted by long use. He I one
of the men who think marrlaga a mistake.
What a different place It Is where a
woman dwells who- never dissipates her
power by annoying others with her own
annoyances! If she is ill with any of tha
petty ailments, she keeps It to herself and
Liorns to go about a beggar for sympathy;
If she has more serious ones, the doctor
knows of them the first, or her countensnce
and not her speech betrays her. She man
ages her servants without resort to su
perior authority, and if they give her
trouble she Is ashamed to let another know
how far she falls short In her executive
ability. She settles her own account with
her neighbors, If she has any to settle,
which Is unusual, and she would have a
poor opinion of herself If her children so
successfully rebelled that she must call In
aid. If this womsn has not enough money
she quietly ascertains If that is the in
evitable condition of things; If it Is, she
bows to It and says nothing; If it Is not,
she state her rase and her reasonableness
Is so well established that there la no gain
saying her claim. .And not only here, but in
thought were for tha "red pope." Tha
duel between the prefect of the propaganda
and M. de Behaine grew keener. The am
bassador no longer appeared at the palace
of the Piazza di Spagna. M. Poubr'lle fol
lowed his example, but M. Nlsard will now
be able to make a change.
No sooner had the cardinal assumed his
offla thsn he made France feel bis anger.
If it had not been for Leo XIII's personal
Intervention he would have stripped of
their garrisons all the bulwarka of French
Influence In the missionary field. When
Cardinal Lavtgerle died he wanted to sup
press tha primacy of Carthage and to sub
ject the seminary of the white fathers at
St. Anne's, In Jerusalem, to tha Latin pa
triarch. Ha favored tha substitution of
Englishmen for Frenchmen In Central
Africa. He backed up all tha claims of
Austria, Italy and Germany In the Levant.
With them he fought against the French
protectorate and tried. In connivance with
the sultan and the triple alliance, to estab
lish a nunciature at Constantinople and an
Ottoman embassy at Rome, against the
wishes of the pops and the Interests of tha
republic. .
The money of the propaganda dribbled
pSrslSGuIu'uBij luio liie French eaiauiiaii
ments. Ths Franco-Russian alliance had
roused his wrath to the extremes of fear
and of repression. For that reason the
emperors at Vienna and at Berlin looked
upon him as their Immediate and most im
portant Instrument. For the same higher
reasons Cardinal Ledochowskl was not at
all In favor of tha union of the churches In
the Levant In collusion with tha Patrlach
boo me opponents or tne new policy
ne tried to maintain tha statu quo. Leo
XIII knew of his opposition snd wss pained
"nenover me raiazzo ttospigiiosr
"u tuo iMupagaiiua cams into connici ne
"reserved" the matter for himself.
But ha never yielded to the pressure of
the French embassy snd the Russian lega
tion to remove the "red pope." In that
matter ha showed himself aa Inflexible aa
at the time of the negotiations at Berlin
about tha Kulturkampf. When In March,
1882, Herr von Schloezer, the crafty crea
ture of the' chancellor, came to Rome, his
first care, because It was his most pressing
Instruction, was to demand tha exclusion
of Cardinal Ledochowskl from the Vatican.
After his release from Oat row a ha had
taken shelter In the Vatican, where neither
Italy nor Germany could reach him. Plus
IX, when he conferred the red hat on him,
had granted that flattering hospitality. Leo
XIII continued the gracious tradition.
buy anything. I have about all I want In
this world snd will devote part of my sur
plus energy to ssslstlng others."
What s Fall Thero Was.
But tha plunger made a mlatake; ha did
not know when ha had enough. Ha could
not break the habit of speculation so essily.
He thought ha ssw a chsnce to make one
more "killing" In Amalgamated Copper
stock, and he plunged, sa usual. He Is
said to have held 10,000 to 13,000 shsres and
to have bought some of It as high as 121.
It went off about aixty points, which might
account for a loaa of $600,000 to $700,0 0,
but he pyramided hla losses by buying on
th scale down. Hi fortune melted away
like snow in a July sun. He became des
perate. He tried to recoup in other stocks
and lost He borrowed 8272.000 of the
First National bank, $100,000 of ths Preaton
National, $70,000 of tha Detroit Truat,
$60,000 of the SUte Savings, and $160,000 of
the Detroit National. These loana aggre
gated $662,000, and Andrewa Is supposed to
Lava depoalted in tboae banks stocks and
bonds worth about $1,000,000.
About January 15 President Plngree of the
City Savings bank went east, an 1 during
the next twenty days Vice President An
drews overdrew his account at the bank
by $913,000, forbidding Cashier Andrews to
notify the directors. Then he persuaded
the cashier to certify to worthless check
for $662,000. with which the plunger Is said
to have paid off his securities at tha othsr
banks, receiving his securities back. What
baa become of those secur.tlesT That is
hst tbs people of Detroit would like to
know.
QUAINT FEATlHKl OP LIFE.
An interesting legal tangle ha a arisen in
Buflalj over the following epitaph on a
tombatone In the Forest Lawn cemetery:
"Lucille Sturdevant, died May 28, 1902. aged
( yeara. Vaccination poisoning at School
85." The parents of the child, Mr. and Mrs.
Homer E. Sturdevant, brought suit against
Drs. Beebe and Wright of the health de
partment of Buffalo for tha death af tha
child on whose grave tha atone stand a. Ths
health department wanta the inscription re
moved, alleging that it la untruthful. Mr.
and Mrs. Sturdevant want $10,000 damages.
Tha lightning bolt that struck a stall at
tha fair grounds In Macomb, 111., a few days
ago, mads of Ray Clupper a. tattooed ma a.
When tha bolt fell Clupper was stsndlng
near a large black, oak tree. Ha was ren
dered unconscious and eajuo to scrssmlng
"Help!" and "Murder!" After ha recov
ered he kept complaining of a pain In tha
realuS. uf his ntoujoch, direi-ily under tUu
watch pocket of his pants. In which hs car
rio4. ! watch ai ilia Uiue of ins sxciueni.
Hs examined hla watch and found It had
been stopped. .Ha found on hla body a per
fect photograph of ths tres a ear which hs
was stsndlng. limbs, leaves and trunk bo
log perfectly revealed. Tha picture is elgkt
Grieving Because Husbands
Stay Out Late.
everything else she has her mind, sine ber
administration ha so proved her worth.
that she has but to express a wish, for her
husband to believe that nothing else would
answer. For It la written, "a gracloua wo
man retalneth honor." Th huabarrd re
turning to this house finds an atmosphere as
clear and pur as that of summer table
lands; quiet cheerfulness reigns, he never
hoars a complaint, and, so far as his wife
and tha management of his family ara con
cerned, ha would not know ther was
trouble In ths world.
And this wife who Is never known to
whine, to fret and fume and fuss about
trifles. Is young when the other woman Is
already old. "Look at me!" tha other one
cries. "Old before my time and all be
cause of my worries! A for her aha ha
nothing to worry about." But aha might
have had. If she had set ont In tha begin
nlng to make mountains out of mole-hill
to let tha household sea that It waa too
much for her, and to Insist upon her bus
band's bearing not only his own burden
but hers slso. As It Is, no ona within the
radius of tha poor, petulant, nagging crea
ture knows what happiness is. sven when
st a distance foellng her still like a cloud
while, on tha contrary, the woman who
keeps her trials to herself, makea light of
little grievances, handles heavier ones
cheerily, and adjust her own affairs with
a lofty consideration of the right her bus
band has to peace within his doors, so'
only preserves her own happiness, but
makes tha happiness of all who feel her
bright presence or her sweet Influence.
Ledechowski Fav.red Ger
many Against France,
At the begtnnlng of the negotiations with
Rom the chancellor tried to crush the
Pole, to whom ha attributed tha most fan
tastlo Intrigues snd all-powerful Influence,
Herr von Schloezer demanded that he
should ba Immediately aent away as a con
dition precedent and guarantee that th
negotiations would result In something.
a very firm note, published In the Monlteur
de Rome In 1883, Cardinal Jacoblnl, speak
Ing for Leo XIII, rejected tha proposal.
Bismarck threatened to break off the ne
gotlattons. With his far-seeing caution
Leo XIII, recognised Bismarck' genius
and guessed his scheme. It wss both simple
and perfidious. His plan was to wrest
from the pope every concession, while pre
serving ths fatal laws of 1871.
When Mgr. Korum, sent to Berlin by
Leo XIII, tslked with the chancellor, Bis
rnarck admitted without any concealment
that he would do everything for the pope,
provided the Vatican accepted the demand
for discretionary power. Leo XIII was
Inflexible. Then, In order to get out of
tha dilemma, Leo XIII propoaed tha fa
mous "Pari passu," at which the German
newspapers laughed too quickly. Tha pope
promised to "sacrifice" Cardinal Ledo
cuowaal ami U uiiUa Wh&i essccssic:
wore possible In proportion as Prussia
modified tha hostile Isws. Bismarck got
angry. He caused to ba Inserted in tha
Norddeutsche Zeltung tha Irascible note In
which he spoke of tha holy father's ar
rangements aa a theatralisch Frledens
liebe, a. theatrical exhibition of desire for
peace. Leo XIII, nevertheless. Insisted on
positive guarantees, and It was only after
Bismarck's "Canossa" that the pope re
quested the cardinal to take lodgings In
"tha city,"-; But ha at once ava him an
Important post, and, in the end, the prop-
aganda,
With like steadiness, Leo XIII, resisted
tha wishes of the French embassy, while
mitigating whatever was too personal in
tha prefect's administration of his office.
ine reason is mat Leo Alll Has never
permitted intervention in the central gov
ernment of the church. He has a strong
and unchangeable feeling of his dignity, of
the greatness of hla office, of tba immeas
urable powers of tha papacy.
Cardinal Ledochowskl preserved his
place. He tried to reconcile a great political-religious
ideal with sn nltranatlonal
character. If faults have been made, they
have been, nevertheless, less the result of
his somewhat haughty will than of hia Ir
responsible and passionate surroundings.
which wars accessible to national influ
ences.
to ten Inches long, of a bright red and ap-
peara to be burned In the flesh. Ha suffered
no 111 effects from th shock in a short
time after It occurred.
Comedian Riley C. Chamberlain of Chi
cago lost a good friend through a glass
of beer. Chamberlain owned a dog which
had developed a marked degree of intelli
gence and was therefore greatly valued,
particularly as hs was strongly attached
to his master. One evening with friend
in a cafe Chamberlain put tha dog through
bis tricks much to the delight of the
company, and when a round of drinks
was ordered It Included a beer for the
dog. Tqjd to drink it, the brute did so,
but with evident signs of dislike. A short
time after tha dog staggered to the door
and disappeared. Chamberlain looked tha
city over for his pet and' finally found
him in tha home of Nels Anderson at S91
Reed atreet, but ths dog would not stay
with Chamberlain and soon went bsck to
Anderson's, snd his former owner reluc
tantly gavs up all hopes of winning back
his regard.
There ia a charming blond young woman
well known to Philadelphia a well aa
Baltimore and New York who laughs when
you call her "Senora." A woman friend
gave the story away, ssys the Philadelphia
Freas, and as shs takes It good naturedly
thers Is no use keeping th J ok sway
from th public. You see. young aa she is,
she elected to marry a man who waa a
grandfather, or, rather, he became ona soon
sfter hla marriage to her. Bha has that
deceptive. Innocent type of beauty that
give tha owner the appearance of being
about 18. She was looking at ths Cuban
curios snd souvenirs for ssla at a baxaar
with a woman friend, and tha old woman
behind tha warea called her "Senorlt.-
"No, no," aald tha friend, "shs Is Senora."
The old woman abook ber head and de.
cllned to believe. "No, senorita," she aald.
"She is a girl," shs continued in broken
English; "shs is too young and pretty."
-Yes, shs is a senora," said Mrs. 0 . wish
ing to tesss ths younger womsn, snd, re
membering the birth of the grandchild, sh
added: "8he'a not only married, but ah
is a grandmother!" "Diost But these
Americans are so progressive!" said ths
old Cuban.
To Detect Counterfeit Meaey.
Tba secret servlcs has discovered in cir
culation many $6 bills that are counterfeit,
being originally $1 bills, but ths figures
have been changed so cleverly that unleas
closely noticed will pasa. The genuine $1
bill haa an eagle en It. while tha $3 bill has
not Ths genuine Hostetters Btomach Bit
ters must have our private stamp over tha
nock of each bottle, and those desiring to be
cured of headache, heartburn, Indigestion,
dyspepsia or malaria will please notice that
ths stamp Is unbroken. Avoid all imita
tions or substitutes.
jvv it v st lyus.
CENTURY OF THE TROUSERS
Origin and Evolution f the Mala Lag
Coverings of Today.
BADGE OF DEMOCRACY RUDELY JEERED
Kaee Breeekea Foat the Lows Oar
meat mmA PerUhes a tho Way
slate latroalaetloa lato
the Halted States.
This year Is the centenary of the ef the
adoption of the long leg covering known
first as pantaloons and then aa trousers.
Lik the name of the man who designed
the Pyramids, the name of the man who de
signed the first pantaloons, la forgotten, but
the monumental achievement of hi brain
ha Impressed itself on tha world from tha
czar of Russia to the meanest digger in
the meanest ditch In ths United State.
Aa with many other Inventors, hs found
It Impossible to push his great device, and
perhaps his genius never would have been
sppreclsted by the world If the great on
of George III had not bent hi mind to the
task.
He wa th admired of all England as
the prince of Wales. He waa Beau Brum
mel's "Frfend George" sod mighty proud
of the honor, except on occasions when he
happened to be peevtnh. He bad achieved
tha ballllant Invention of a new shoe
buckle and he-Bad been chased over a gar
den wall by a husband wbo did not appre
ciate his royal presence. So bis glory was
effulgent enough, without his seeking mors
laurels still. But his wss an indefatigable
mind and needed large subjects to fill It
Ths long pantaloons did It
In 1802 tha pantaloon waa without honor.
Tha exquisite laughed at it and the com
mon man despised It If any Impious per
son had dared to auggest to any of tha
my lords of that day and they exchange
their knee breeches and silken stockings
for this hideous garment but nobody
dared to suggest It
George, however, was bard pressed. His
serene conviction that he was the leading
beau of the age waa being clouded at times
by sarcastlo , remarks about him by tbe
other beaus, wbo never could be brought
to consider George seriously as n "real
swell dresser." With the exception of tha
magnificent effort la the shoe buckle line,
George had not succeeded in originating
any new mode, but had been forced to con
tent himself with wearing what soma
other beau had first made fashionable,
float a Possible Factor.
Historians who hsva studied tha weighty
subject of his reign add that George and
many of hla courtlera were afflicted sadly
with gout, which Is not unressonable when
one considers some of the quiet snd ele
gant dinner parties that ha loved, like the
one of which Thackeray tells,' when
George, then prince regent,- his brothers
snd other equally refined and kindly gen
tlemen conspired successfully to make tha
gray-haired duke of Norfolk blind drunk.
Thla gout caused unseemly swellings and
protuberancea on the noble legs, making
them unpleasant objects when Incased In
tight and thin silk stockings. And George
was a royal Simon Tappertit so far as his
prlds In his legs wss concerned. There
fore, by becoming tha patron of the pan
taloon, George at one blow could satisfy
both hla ethical pride as a beau and his
manly vanity as the most beautiful mala
human object In his realm.
The pantaloon could have found no more
powerful aupporter. For It waa then tha
badge of democracy, tbe garment' of the
sans culotte of the French revolution; and
it waa only a great exponent of royally
who could have dared to press Us claims.
Although tbe pantaloon bad, won adherents
throughout France, it was palpably worn
less ss a matter of fashion than of politics,
In that bizarre period Frenchmen dressed
their hair and their wives and their dogs
and their lega according to their political
and religious beliefs.
The young long-haired democrats of
France were about as unlovely objects as
one might Imagine. Their pantaloons wers
ignobls bags, shaped In tha unimaginative
form of sausage casings, hanging on th
limbs like signals of distress snd flapping
dolefully aa the wearer walked. They
were "high waters," ending well above the
ankle and ahowlng a waste of stocking-
clad ankle.
Sympathy with th alms of democracy
Induced many young persons of Ideals to
garb themselves thus atrociously. But the
cruel deeds of the revolution hsd aroused
such general horror that, even if the fash-
Ion had been beautiful, It probably would
have met with enmity as being a symbol
of the Red Terror. Being strikingly, com
pletely and hopelessly ugly, it did not
make any way at all outslds of France
worth mentioning. Jefferson brought the
pantaloons back from Franca after his
term aa minister thers and wore them aa
being in strict keeping with his notion
of democratic simplicity. Naturally they
had some vogue In tha United States after
that But th majority of those who wore
them In both America and England wore
them not aa artlclea of fashion, but rather
as protests against tha arbitraments of
fashion.
Tha noble George changed all that. His
beau helped him loyally. Before George
had been on the throne long a duke. In
ordering a pair of tba garments, told his
tailor, "If I can get Into 'em, I won't have
em." Probably hs did not Intend to be
taken too literally. But certainly tbe
pantaloons had grown to bs sn object of
solicitude In the kingdom, and bucka vied
with each other to see who could wear ths
most beautifully moulded ones.
WelllasTtoa aad "Paata."
Still ths beaua did not conquer eaally or
soon. Tbe duke of Wellington, who In his
dual capacity of beau and lover of royalty
had becoms ons of ths first of the panta
loon wearers, was turned away from Al-
mack'a as late as 1814 because hs insisted
on appearing in pantaloons.
Another tlms ths lady patronesses of th
assemblies at Almack'a were much exer
cised. Tbey hsd planned an elaborate
reception and ball, and were determined
that it should not bs desecrated by the
presence of bucks la pantaloons. Yet they
knew full well that the duke of Wellington
would insist on wearing ths beloved gar
ments. They could not dare offend him.
for although Wellington had not then be
come the object of popular worship that he
was later after defeating Napoleon at
Waterloo, yet hs waa ths hero of Seringa
pa tarn and of the peninsula and a mighty
leader of .fashion to boot.
So ths Lady Patronesses wsrs In despair:
they could not and would not yield on tha
subject of pantaloons, yst they could not
fiord to risk offending ths duke. In this
Juncture n bright wit suggested that the
Invitation contain ths following clause:
"Gentleman ara expected to wear small
clothes and silk stockings, but any gentle
man who is conscious that his figure la not
adapted to that costums may wear panta
loons." With tha exception of Wellington and
two other daring beaus, all ths gentlemen
who attended tha reception, wore small
clotUss.
Gllray and other cartoonists -of ths
period mads savage fun of tha new mode.
They showed besua wiih inurdiuaieiy long
and thla legs and beaus with Inordinately
short and fat legs. They depicted men
with limbs llks trees and with limb Ilk
compass dividers. In every aspect ths
pantaloons were depicts as uuaasthsUc,
m
Prices are damaged to
the extent of 1-2 or more
High
Grade
Piano
A sale of 30 highest standard make pianos foe
musical families who are satisfied with ths best only.
Here's a piano proposition to our mutual advantage. Ton want to sav money
on a stsndard piano; we want to clean up our Immense stock, so th coming
fall trade (which wlU be a hummer) will find as fully prepared with ths
largest, cleanest, up-to-dats stock of planoa over shown in "these parts."
For the last week we bave been steadily clearing our floors of th old style
square and second-hand uprights, and now thla week ,w cut into th finest
goods, Ilk th ,
E Eaters cm, Steck, Voso A Sons, Hard man, Steger,
A. B. Chase, Decker Bros., Etc
Nesrly all are new Instruments, In the various natural wood flntshes, wit
some have a slight scratch on the varnish, others ara odd styles, others ar
styles dropped from the 1908 catalogue, a couple ar shopworn or had rery
slight uss; one Is a fancy art birch case, too expensive for the regular trad.
Also a few pianos the agency of which we have discontinued. We are par
ticularly anxious to dispose of them of the entire 80 instruments not on is
less than a 8350 piano In anybody's store. They are all marked in plain
figures, and while lack of space forbids enumerstlng each and every one, tha
following list, picked at random, goes to show In figures that this is a magnifi
cent chance to save a large sura on a strictly first-class piano.
Here they are, while they laat. You know about the "early bird:
No More No
(too Emerson, oak .....U..f....
8375 Jewett mahogany
8350 Everett, oak
$r00 Decker Bros., walnut
$500 Emerson (art case).........
$550 Hardman, walnut ..........
$500 Hardman, rosewood
$375 Ivera V Pond, 'walnut
$375 Steger, mahogany
$500 Steger, oak
$350 Story Clark, walnut
Notwithstanding these remarkably low prices and high quality, they can be
purchased by moderate monthly payments, If desired. Mall orders will rs
celve our persons! and prompt attention. Out-of-town customers should com
munieste at once. We ship anywhere subject to careful examination, and if
not satisfactory, return at our expense.
We guarantee perfect satisfaction
or Kinney refunded. .
A few splendid bargains In second-hand nprlghta of various makea and
styles, on $3.00 to $5.00 monthly payments.
We manufacture,: sell, rent, tune, repair and store pianos. Largest stock,
largest variety, higher quality, lower prices, easier terms than any other
piano store in this territory.
Western representatives for Stelnway Pianos and Pianolas.
SGIiiilQLLER & MUELLER
1313 Far nam St., Omtlu. ,
SUO MONEY TILL CURED. 23 yeas established.
Wd FREE and poitpaida 200 pif treatn fm, rutslassj Diuasctsf Ik
Rcclsm; alto WO ps lllai. trtatii os DUassci at Waawa. Of Mm taoaaaa.lt carad
y oar mM swthod. none paid a cent till cared w faratsh ikelr sasiw a aanllcatiM.
PUS. THORNTON A MINOR. (206 Oak lTiZHttK.
vulgar and uncomfortable. Artists refused
to paint their patrona In them. Women
ridiculed the wearers of them.
Yet the net result of all ths warfare
was that by 1820 pantaloons wers worn by
almost everybody, except tha delightful
old-fashioned persons who stalk so pleas
antly through the page of Dickens and
Thackeray In their knee breeche and -bag
wigs.
Pantaloons tat Anaerlesw
In 1827 pantaloons were so generally
worn In ths United States that s scientific
method of draughting patterns for ' them
was Introduced. It was originated and
printed by Otla Madison and a second edi
tion was published in 1829. Its title was
"A New System of Delineating, Founded
On True Principles and Containing Litho
graphic Charts of All Different Garments."
The patterns tor the pantaloons in this
work look most utterly unlike anything that
possibly could bs worn by any creature In
the ahape of man.
J. O. Madison, aon of Otla Madison, says
that th American tailor of that time were
not merely mechanics, but had an acuta
sense of art Their leading principle as ex
pressed In ths book was that to be fashion
able a garment must bs so made that it
cannot be excelled for neatness of style,
besuty or workmanship in any part of ths
world.
'Trousers and pantaloons," said Mr. Mad
ison, In. tbe American Tailor and Cutter,
some time sgo, "ara comparatively modern
garments as ara knee breeches, though they
preceded tba former by many years. Be
fore the advent of knee breeches that Is,
breaches that extended from tha waist to
the knees and were secured thers by but
tons, buckles or ribbons a very short gar
ment, alashed and puffed, was worn by roy
alty, tha aristocracy, tbe rich, the nobility
and patricians, that merely covered ths
lower part of ths trunk, leaving ths whole
thigh to be covered with very long stock
ings." Although the "pantaloon" is older than
the present "trousers" yet tbe word "trou
sers" waa used for all sorts of leg-coverings
centuries ago. Ths nams appears In
wsrdrobe accounts of tbe reign of King
Henry VIII, making that monarch note
worthy for on other matter beside a tast
for collecting wives.
Ellsabethlaa Breeches.
In Elisabeth's tlms tbe word "breeches"
became common. Ths name ' came from
tha word "braccae," which was used to de
scribe long, full bags gathered at the an
kles. In ths museum of ths Royal Irish
academy In Dublin thers is a pair of trous
ers of great antiquity. Thess trousers ere
grandly checkered, showing that this fa
vorite English fashion is hallowed by age.
In 1858 tbe trousera or knee breeches
wers stuffed or wadded ("bom baa tad") like
beer barrels. It la recorded In th reign
of Elisabeth that a galley or scaffold had
to be erected In London to ths wlds trous
ers of tbs aldermen.
Bombastlng lasted till th time of
Charle I. He and bla courtier Introduced
looss breeches, falling to tbs knse, wher
they were ornamented (not tied) with lac
and ribbons.
Charles II Introduced short-nalsted
doubtlets and petticoat breeches, which
Lad iiuliig prwtruiisg from the knee, were
tied with ribbons above the knee and or
namented with ribbons above to tba pock
ets, with mors ribbons around ths waist
band and with ths shirt hanging out
This taahtost weal t bexur th ad ef
13
Bat BfTSgTS
I i i'ii'i riili'iiBjV
Prices
Marked
in
Plain
Figures
Less No Trade
... $0
... $190
. $175
$250
$300
$310
$258
$215
$260
$338
$185
502 Broadway, Council R'ufTs,
3
the reign and with William III tight knei
breeche with tight stockings wer brought
In. First the stockings were drawn nearly
to tha middle of the thigh, but afterward
the breeches were buttoned at the knee and
ornamented with buckles.
It Is a remarkable fact that although
Franco has controlled tha fashions for
women of ths civilised world for many
hundred of years, male faahlons almost
always bav smsnated from England, or,
at least, male styles did not become really
fashionable until they had been accepted
In England. Thua, although tha French
costumes under Louis XVI wers probably
the most beautiful of modern times, yet
the French beaus all went to London even
then for their coats. No coat was consld
sred worth wearing unless It was London
made.
PRATTLK OF TUB YOUNGSTER.,
Teacher What la Telocity, Johnny!
Johnny Velocity la what a teller lets go
of a bumblsbee with.
Little Edith's foot had fallen asleep,
"Oh, mamma," shs exclaimed, "my fool
feels Just llko a live pin cushion 1"
Son Paw, wot does "ooto" meant
Fathor Octo meana eight
Son Then granpap must be a octogon,
cos hs's 80 year old.
Teacher Suppose your llttl brother haft
two pennies and you gave him three more,
what would he have then
Nlbsy Murphy A vanlller lc erean
soderl
Shs had been watching a tennis gam.
Finally she turned to her mother.
"Mamma," shs said, "I wish you'4 buy
ms on of those openwork shingles thai
they hit th ball with."
"Young man," aald th mlnUtar to ths
little boy who was fishing, "hav you
never heard ths commandments? Do you
not know you should rsmsmbsr th Sabbath
day?"
"Well, don't If Why, I keep rememberln
it sll week. It's ds on'y day I git ter go
llshln'."
"Papa!"
"WellT"
"You know svry thing, don't your
"Urn, well, not everything, but I uppo
I'm fairly well Informed. What Is It yott
want to know T"
"Why Is It that what w lik to eat Isn't
good for ua and what's good for us w don't
llker
"Dear," said tbe fond mother, "I must
punish yon for disobeying my orders.1
- "Please, ma," said ths little ons, "may I
go to my room first r
"Y," consented th psrent, and shs
cautiously followed her first-born upstairs.
Thers Robert v,as kneeling by his bed snd
his mother heard him say:
"Dear Lord, If you ever wanted to help
llttl fellow In trouble, now's your chance.
Th whipping waa indefinitely postponed.
-cmr n iaatta. Maidas.
A new tml pretty public park on tha
Rock river, n-ar Bulolt, wis., bas been
named lio-ro-ne-gah, after the Indian wlf
of ona of the pioneer settlers of Winnebago
county, Wiaoonaln. This settler was
Steuben Mack, a trader, who married th
Indian maiden In IKM and through her b
came ioasuesd of several aeoUous of Ian