IUSDMAIDS OF PROGRESS
How the. Tolegrtph Became th Eailroad'i
Most Useful Servant,
AT FIRST THE WIRE WAS UNCERTAIN
Origin at the "Doable Order" ymtrm
aad the "Clreall BtMkrf la
veatloa of Voted Rall
rud Execatlve.
(Copyright, 1902, by Walter MorrU.)
This 1 tb story of three devices, two
connected with the telegraph, sad all orlgl
nsted by one man, which have simplified
practical railroading Immeniely and are
now In ue wherever the locomotive puffs
tu way over road of ateel. Tb telling la
especially apropos at thU time, when ,the
relatione between one of the greatest rail
road and one of the greatest telegraph
yatenia ar being dissolved.
The telegraph waa Impreaeed Into the
service of the railroad soon after the elec
trlo wire had been taught to write, It being
een early that through tta aid the running
of tralni could be managed with greater
afety and certainty than in any other way.
It waa because of tola that for many years
nearly every telegraph line n the land waa
strung alongalde eoin stesm road, and the
need of the wire on the part of the railroad
Brought about the extension of the tele
graph, over thousand of mllee, yean In
advance of profitable commercial demands
tberofor.
This was of great advantage to the coun
try In many way. But the telegraphlo
yatem thua created had one aerloua defect.
While a message could be sent between two
points on the same line almost a expedl
tlouely and cheaply ae now, the menage
between distant polnta generally had to
pais over a many separate systems of wire
as there were railroad lines between the
ending and receiving station. This In
volved relays, delay and a cost that would
now be. and was then, conaldcred excessive
ad exorbitant. In this evolutionary world
uch a condition of affairs naturally brought
about telegraphlo consolidation, one of the
first, It not the very earliest, of the great
modern consolidations that have made the
United Stales the wonder and nvy of the
nations of the earth. Thl consolidation
took the name of the Western Union Tel
grsph company.
Wester Into' Er1r Avtaa-e.
It la because the Western Union wa
formed bjrvthe union of many small lines,
originally built chiefly for the convenience
of the railroads, that Its office and not
those of the younger Potal Telegraph
nnln.iv r in be found In ninety-nine of
very hundred railroad tatlon In this
country. Nor ts It o very long ago that
railroad and telegraph men would hav
laughed at hint of separation between
the Western Union and any of the great
railroads, least of all the Pennsylvania,
tet.for more than a month now the West
ern Union folk, peremptorily ordered off,
' nave been busily vacating their office and
; -removing their wlrea from along th Penn-
f Irani- track. By September 1 the trans
fer must b complet and tma wiii mark
as Interesting period In the history of
the telegraph In America a the period
which was opened when the late John W.
llackay organized the - Postal Telegraph
company. ' ' .v
Yet It does not follow, In th view of
well Informed men that thl Is th begin
ning of th end of the Western Union'
close felattona with the railroads In gen
eral. The csus of the break with th
Pennsylvania vu brought about by th
determination of th Gould railroad Inter
est to nay their tracks Into Pittsburg In
pita of the i'ennsylv&nta'a objections. The
Western Union's direct yearly loss of rev
enue (gross) will be about 450,000 a year,
but the net will be much less. There I
some expense and confusion incident to
: changing the system In th Pennsylvania's
, big territory and some hundreds of point
will probably be abandoned a not profits
' ble without th railroad business, but th
eblet disadvantage will be mainly senti
mental and of course the Gould Interests
discounted that before they decided to lock
' horn with the Pennaylvanls.
Early Telegraphic Tral Order.
, Th railroads began to use th tele-
grsph In running trains early tn the '60s,
j possibly tn "49 or even '43. But the train
' , order of the mid-century wa crude and
often Ineffective. Repeatedly It brought
about disaster Instead of Insuring safety.
It was so Imperfect, Indeed, that some
railroads gave up the use of the wire alto
gether after a comparatively brief trial.
Thus, in 1858, S. W. Roberta, then super-
tntendent of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne
Chicago railroad nowa part of th Penn
sylvania system threw, out th telegraph
s a help In running trains on that road
because of an accident due to a misun
derstood order that resulted In some loss
' of life and It destruction of much railroad
property. The Roberts dictum continued
' 1 force till his retirement in ti or '69.
Its rescinding led to one of the' most im
portant forward ateps ever taken In the
development of practical railroading. Thl
.was the Invention and adoption on the
Tort Wayne" road of the "Double Order"
. system, now used on practically every steam
' railroad in the world.
. "Double Orders," were devised by an
eotbustastio young railruMtl wan named
James D. Layng, then attached to th ex-
eeutlve staff of the "Fort Wayne" road In
1 the capacity of division superintendent, and
new one of the most prominent of the ex
ecutive' men In the management of the
West Ehore and other Vanderbilt lines.
Though he had never served as a telegra
pher, having entered railroad life as a
civil engineer, he was quite familiar with
the electric wire. As a school boy is Pitts
' burg, and with his father's hearty sp
i proval, he had strung wires "all over the
i' house," had made and charged his own
' batteries and hsd RjaMered the key, both
I as ender and receiver. He believed thor-
oughly In th possibilities of the telegraph
4 as servant of the rail and In th years
tOW IT WELL.
; Ftt'lisr Fetes YiVJ ItaitD Kan-
cVs-s c! Cialia Citizens.
V A familiar burden In every home.
The burden ef a "bad back."
A lan.e, a weak or an aching back
, Toils you of kidney Ills.
Doan's Kidney Pills will cur you.
Her Is Omaha testimony to prove It.
Mr. W. V. Doollttle, No. 1236 South 10th
street, engineer on the Vnloa Pacific rail
road, says: "For two years and a halt I
had backache. At first I thought very
Utile of It,' but during the winter
of 1SS8 It gradually grew worse sad
I saw that something had to be
. done. Getting-up and down from the
engine gave me no small amount of trou-
ble. I could scarcely endure the pain and
; thought sometimes my back wuuli break.
j Procuring Duan'a Kidney Pills at Kuhn
Co.' drug store, took tbein and they
completely cured me."
aFor sal by ail dialers. Price, 60c. Foe
, Ur-Milbura Co., Buffalo. N. T., sole agents
for the U. 8.
Keuieiuber the name, Pose's, and take
no oihtr.
UncIeSam'sNew.BigGutilSZKl'
The most powerful weapon In th world.'
which Uncle Earn ! to nee along wit'
other monsters of its kind In coast de
fense, has been completed at the Watervllet
arsenal after four year' labor, and now
lies In the seacoast gunshot there, await
ing transportation to Pandy Hook, where
Its remarkable estimated strength will be
proved or disproved. It Is very likely that
this tremendous weapon will never be fired
at an enemy; but even so, the great ex
penditure of money it ha necessitated will
not b wholly wasted, for Who can estimate
ths moral fore exerted on hostile parties by
a gun that I forty-nine feet long, weighs
150 tons and can throw mfselle sixteen
Inches In diameter and five feet four Inches
locg, weighing J. 870 pounds, a distance of
twenty-one miles? Borh a gun ought to bi
to a nation what a bulldog Is to an orchard
or an elaborate burglar alarm system to a
bank. This big gun Is so heavy that it
cannot be shipped to Sandy Hook by rail
like ordinary little cannon. It weighs more
than the heaviest locomotive, and the rail
road companies will not take the risk of
delivering It safely; so one of tho big New
Tork wrecking companies will pink It up
and put It aboard a barge, and thus take
It to Sandy Hook by water. It Is exp.ctel
thst within a few weeks the first shot will
be fired from this monster gun," snd thst
event will be regarded with much Interest
by all military powers.
Th on thing about this slxteen-inch gun
Is not Its great length or Its enormous
weight, but tho almost Inconceivable dis-'
tance to which It can throw a missile. Major
James M. Ingalls of th Fifth artillery and
for many, years Instructor at the artillery
school for officers st Fort Monroe, Is prob
ably th most experrofflcer In this country
at estimating the flight of projectiles. Some1
years ago the British government was trying
a 9.3-Inch gun In England. Artillery ex
perts from all over the world were Invited
to make an estimate of the range, and
Major Ingalls plotted the fan or the shot
only a few hundred feet short of the actual
distance, while the other estimate varied
from 1,500 yards to a few miles short. This
name Major Ingalls estimate that th six-teen-lnch
gun will send Its one-ton bullet
20.978 mile. With this gun , mounted on
Sandy Hook It could reach all of Manhattan
as far north as Central park and any part of
Brooklyn; or, set up on Mount Tom It could
pump shell Into the midst of Thompsonvllle.
Such at least Is the result reached by Major
Ingalls' figures. The firing table for the
g-unrprepared by Major Ingalls, shows that
this range Is attainable with a mutsle ve
locity of 1,300 feet per second, the necessary
angle of elevation being forty degrees. The
trajectory of th projective shows that In
ranging to 10.978 mile the shell would reach
the maximum elevation of 30,618 feet. This
I enormously greater than the maximum
range hitherto obtained by any other gun.
which at present stand to the credit of
the Rrupp . 9.46-Inch gun, whloh wa fired
on th Meppen range, tn the presence of
th emperor of Germany, ' April 11, 1832.
The measured range wa found to be 22,120
yard, or, roughly speaking twelve and ona
baii miiee. lot greatest aeighi reacuod
by the Krupp shell In Its flight waa 21.458
feet, and the time ' occupied between the ,
firing ef th gun and the striking of the
projectile -wes .70.1 second. ;'
Major Ingalls' calueulation or prophecy la
not universally' accepted; Foreign ballistic
experts are 'skeptical. ' Say the Scientific
the wire was tabooed on the "Fort Wayne"
had carefully thought out the best way of
realizing these possibilities. . The scheme
is simplicity lUelf. ' ''
"Doable Orders."
A Urge proportion of all train orders on
single track roads, such as the "Fort
Wayne" then was, involve two trains. They
may be moving In opposlta direction and
be scheduled to meet at a given atatlon, or
other potnt, where there I a side track
that will enable them to pass.. Train No. 1
has lost time and to hold train No. S at th
usual passing point till the arrival there of
train No. 1 will make both late. The meet
ing therefore must be at a different point
than 1 customary. Or a fast train may be
due to pas and overtake a alow on moving
In the same direction; one or the other of
these trains may have missed Its schedule
snd therefore need Instructions. Or a wild
cat train or engine (one not running on any
regular schedule) may be sent out snd all
trains along the line It la likely to meet
or pass must be notified. In all auch cases
It Is the use of the telegraph alone that
enables the business of the road to go on
safely and without interruption.
Before the "double order" system each
conductor to be Instructed received an In
dividual meatage from the train dispatcher.
Sometimes the message was very full, tell
ing htm of the movements of other trains a
well as directing hts own; sometimes Its
m eagerness was extreme, all explanatory
clause being rapidly left out. So unsklll
fully were the messages often worded that,
as Mr. Layng remembers, a large propor
tion had to be "Interpreted'; for th con
ductor before they would consent to go
ahead.
Nowadays, under the "double order" sys
tem, when messages ar to be sent direct
ing conductors of two trains, both men re
ceive the eame message. And this 1 how
the thing is don;
CMrr
From th wire reports which he Is con
stantly receiving the dispatcher knows at
9:40 a. so... say, that train No.- 1 (east
bound), which should be at station Q at
10 o'clock to meet and pass train No. 1
(weetbound), has fallen behind, and at ths
moment Is approaching station U. Train
No. 2, on time. Is approaching station O.
The dispatcher calls up the operators at
station O and U, directing them that there
will be order tor the conductor of the
two trains, No. 1 at Uiaod No. 1 at O. Then
he sends th one word. "Copy," following
It with an order read log something Ilk
this, If there are no serious complications:
"Trains No. 1 and 1 will meet, at S. In
the abaenc of further orders. No. I will
wait there unttl th arrival of No. 1."
This message la given In duplicate to
both conductor, who ar signalled that
order are awaiting them as they pull la
at stations U sad O. Before either can
then proceed h must notify th dispatcher
that it hma beea received and understood,
such an order would be extremely simple,
but whether simple or complicated, the
aim la to mak all order direct and "un
derstandable." Sometime, even now,
there are mlaunderetood orders, though
forgotten orders are more frequent, but
such caees are comparatively rar and It
la hard to see how a batter system could
bs deviied.
Th "Clrewlt Breaker."
To Mr. Layng slso are the railroad and
telegraphic worlds indebted tor the "circuit
btoaker." It was some time after the suc
cess cf the telegraph as an adjunct of rail
roading had been conceded all round before
the wire was used by tral omen to telegraph
nest ci accldeuu from point between na
tions. TXli then it wa the custom when
there was an actdect between stations to
send a trat hand back ta the nearest sta
tion and he would telegraph the ns from
th.re to- the superintend- t' or.c.
But someone tbousbt U feasible to carry
telegraphic Luslrumoats en ta trains, so
THE OMAHA DAILY JiEE: RUNT) AY, AUGUST 10, 1002.
American: "If we are to beTleve the artil
lery expert of the Krupps and a German
artillery officer who writes in a recent Issue
of L Revue Technique, American estimates
of th extreme range of which the new six-teen-Inch
gun will be capsble are alto
gether too sanguine. The range of thl
weapon a calculated by Major Jame M.
Ingalls, the head of the artillery school for
erasers at Fort Monroe, Vs., la 20.1 mile.
But the German expert denies that th gun
csn range further than sixteen mile, while
the writer In La Revue, Technique claims
that the maximum rang of our new army
gun I only about two-thirds of Major In
galls' estimate, or from fourteen to fifteen
miles. The latter estimate I arrived at by
the method of vertical speeds expressed ss
function of times of flight"
This big gun la the first of a series of
g'gantlc weapons which were proposed for
the seacoast defense of the United States.
Ihs Endlcott board, which had the whole
subject of seacoast under consideration,
several years sgo recommended thst ten
similar guns be mounted at San Francisco,
eight at Boston and four at Hampton Road.
It has taken about four years to build th
gun, work on It having been begun on May
14, 1898. Becsuse of the more urgent need
ef other elssses of gun work has been sus
pended at Intervals on the big gun. Five
hundred and sixty days ef elgbt hour each
are the estimated time required to manu
facture a slxteen-Inch gun from the time
the forging are received from the steel
works. The forging in th rough weigh
S68.0OO pounds. Of the estimated time of
manufacture 193 day are given to various
boring operations, 175 day to th turning
and 192 days to the shrinkage, rifling and
other delicate operations. The original In
tension waa not to manufacture more than
cne gun of this caliber each year. The ca
pacity of the seacoast gun shop tn addition
to the above work is eetlmated at sixteen
twelve-Inch, sixteen ten-inch, sixteen eight
Inch snd twelve twelve-inch rifled mortars
Mch year.' With two shifts of eight hours
each the capacity of the shop would bt
doubled. The field and siege gun shop's out
put can readily be brought to 450 field guns
and seventy-five siege guns and mortars
per year, In addition to the work In the
seasoast gun shop,'
The slxteen-Inch gun does not differ ma
terially, except In the proportion and dis
tribution of its parts, from the average
built-up army guns, says the Troy Times.
It consists of a long Inner tube; a heavy
jacket extending from the" breech to about
six feet beyond the trunnions; the chase
hoops, extending from the Jacket to .the
muzzle, and the Jacket hoop, enclosing the
jacket, and extending from the breech for
about half the length of the gun. The
length of the gun 1 49 feet I 9-10 Inches;
diameter of breech, 5 feet; of mussle, 1
feet 4 Inches; of the bore, 18 inches. Th
total welgbt ef the forgiags of the gun, as
received from the steel works, was 368,000
pounds,. The finished gun will weigh about
800,000 pounds, leaving the amount of steel
removed iron uiuervui purle uui ui uuv
facture about 68,000 pounds. The projec
tile of the gun will be ( feet 4 inches la
length, and the, penetration, in steel at
the . mussle, corresponding to mussle en
ergy, of 88,000-foot tons, Is 42.1 Inches.'
Other guns, have been built before this la
other countries of larger caliber, but none
of them ever approached In. power the
that in case of aocldent the line eenld be
cut and the new wired promptly. This
plan worked admirably, but It had the draw
back that cutting the wire Interrupted the
regular transmission' of messages, thus de
ranging the business of the railroad and
stopping all commercial telegraphing. If
there were but one wire, until ' linemen
conld be sent for and the wire mended.
Sometimes this might not be possible, es
pecially In the early days, for hours, and
the resulting loss, confusion and delay from
Intercepted messages became a serious
matter. ;
The "circuit breaker" wnlch young Layng
Invented to overcome all this is as simple
as his "double orders." It I merely a
sort of double clamp, not larger than a
pocket knife, which la faatened to the wire
that is to be cut in such a way that It
may be severed between the two ends of
the clamp. By this device the wire may
be tapped without interrupting the regular
flow of telegrams at all, except for the
brief time required to wire news of the
accident to the "super." By a simple de
vice on the side the clamp Itself, . which
holds the severed wire ende together and
prevents them from falling to the ground,
furnishes th path over which the eleotrlc
fluid travel past th point of cutting after
th message for which th wire was cut
has been sent.
Mr. Layng might have Increased his
wealth a lot through this device had he
wished, sines It is now in universal use by
the railroads, but he took out no patent
and has been quite content with the knowl
edge that his Ingenuity has made railroad
operation simpler.
CtriBla; Tim Tables."
The third simplification of railroad opera
tion due to Mr. Layng is the use of threads,
pegs and a big board, representing a rail
road line, or division thereof, in time table
soaking.
In the early days, when there were only
two or three trains a day each way to be
got over any railroad, the making of the
time table was simplicity Itself, but as
railroad business grew ths practical men
who had to blaxe the way in all executive
railroad matters were much puzzled for a
simple time table making scheme. No one
knows who thought of the use of "cross
section paper," the vertical lines standing
for hours and minutes and the horizontal
ones for the stations and sidings on the
read, while the trains were represented by
line running diagonally. At all events,
this method was in use in the 'COs. and
George W. Fulton, superintendent ef th
Steubenville A Indiana railroad, now a part
of th Panhandle system, taught It mys
teries to young Layng. To him the sys
tem seemed the simplest that could be de
vised, but the method waa slow and cum
bersome, the diagonal lines for tb train
having to be drawn In. Often these Hues
had to be drawn, erased sad redrawn re
ptatedly before they were got la perfeot
sbape. and thua the making of a time table
was an exceedingly slow job. One day the
young man had a bright Idea, which he at
once carried Into execution by having a big,
smooth board made, which he fastened upon
the wall. Then he divided the board
vertically with horizontal lines, each line
representing one mile and the whole of
them the total length of the road. Then
he divided the road horizontally with
twenty-four vertical lines, each representing
an hour. Each hour space waa subdivided
by twelve smaller lines, each representing
five minutes. Then be stretched silk
I iu'wwi u.Aguuuiy across me ooara to rcp-
rm toe trains, laaiening me mreaas at
the points where they cross the station
lines with needle.
On the first experiment this method was
i found far superior to th old one, and to-
day it i tisod by every railroad in the
world that runs train enough to mak th
! preparation of it time table a complicated
task. The stringing of th threads Is gen
erally undartakea on each road by oXclala
new slxteen-Inch rifle. A gna built for the
Italian government had a caliber of 17.75
Inches and threw a projectile weighing
2,000 pound, but Its muxtle energy was
only 40,000-foot- tons as compared with
SS, 000-foot tons, which Is tb muxile en
ergy of the Watervllet gun. France built
a gun with a caliber of lt.S Inchea, with
a projectile weighing 1,700 pounds, but It
developed a mussle energy cf only 84.000
foot tons and a tnutxle velocity of only
1,700 feet per eecond. A gun built by the
Armstrong for the British nary had a
caliber of 16.36 Inches and throw a projec
tile weighing 1,800 pounds, with a munlt
velocity of 1,100 feet per second. The
British gun come th nearest to rivaling
th new gun In power, but It fall short.
tS per cent.
Th gun wilt be mounted upon a disap
pearing carriage equipped with a counter
poise, weighing 130 tons, for elevating the
gun to the firing position. In eplte ef It
enormous bulk and weight, the gun I a
easily handled as the lightest field piece.
Th breech block weigh an even ton, bnt
a child can operate the machinery which
opens It and swings It clear of the gun.
Three separate movements are required to
open the breech, but they are all controlled
by a set of worm gearing that la very sim
ple in operation and requires only a few
turns of the crank. When the crank la first
aet in motion the breech makes a half
turn, releasing the threads of the Inter
rupted screw by which It Is held in place
In the breech, a few more turns suffice to
withdraw the block from th breech and
then the entire breech block I swung clear
of the breech on a heavy hinge or consul,
leaving the chamber open to receive the
charge. Every part of the gun I built a
accurately as th work of a watch. To
prevent th possibility of a prematura dis
charge there ar two cunningly devised
safeguards. The gun may be fired either
by electricity or by an ordinary friction
primer. When the breech starta to open
the very first movement disconnects th
electrical firing apparatus, and It remains
disconnected until the last movement In
closing the breech. The first movement to
open the breech also prevent the Inser
tion of a friotlon primer. As the breech
block makes Its first turn a thin, flat piec
of steel slides over the vent and remains
there until the last turn of the crank that
lock the breech. If smokeless powder Is
used 676 pounds will be required for
charge; it the old-faahloned black powder
la need 1,176 pounds will be necessary.
Colonel Joseph Pearson Farley, com
mandant at Watervllet, has been responsi
ble for the successful construction ef th
slxteen-Inch gun. HI Initials are counter
sunk In the ateel face of the gun and he Is
said to have remarked that he would rather
have his nam there than any other place
In the world. Colonel Farley served dur
ing the civil war with the army of th
Potomac and tn the siege of Charleston,
S. C. Since the war his service has been
at arsenals and foundries, as a member of
ordnance boards and as assistant profes
sor t tie TJs!t?5 Ststss s!!!?sr 1ny.
In addition to his duties as commanding
officer of the arsenal.. Colonel Farley is
president of th board tor the examination
of ordnance officer for promotion and
president of the statutory board for the
test of rifled cannon. No type of gun la
.accepted for the service without passing
the tests prescribed by .this board, ,
of some consequence in th executive de'
partmant After It fea been accomplished
th working out of ih time table, as the
passenger sees it. Is merely a matter of
clerical application.
Elementary Tim Table Boer.
The diagram given with tbta article repre
sents the time table board of the imaginary
"Annandale c Lancaster, Railroad," eighty
miles long, for the six hours beginning at
12 o'clock noon and ending at 6 p. m. There
are four trains each way, the lines (repre
senting threads) running diagonally down
ward from left to right representing threads
that stand for southbound train, and the
lines running In the opposite direction (up
ward from left to right) standing for north
bound trains. Southbound trains take odd
numbers, northbound even numbers. Train
One is an express leaving Annandale at 11
m., making forty miles an hour and only
two stops between terminals. It diagonal
Is more vertical than that of the slower
trains, and It is off the rails and out of the
way in two hours, n Train Three ts a freight
train leaving "Annandale," . the - northern
terminal, at the earn time as Train On. It
1 supposed to get over th road In six
hours, the running time being abouMhlrteen
miles an hour. Trains Five and Seven are
local passenger trains, making all atop and
running at about twenty-eight miles an
hour.
Trains Two. Four. Six and ElthL north
bound, are the- opposites of the southbound
trains and run on practically similar time,
but ae ths southbound trains hav the right
of way. the northbound trains are, at times,
run faster, or slower, as th necessities of
th case demand. In order that they may
meet at stations (where there are side
tracks, of course, for passing) or at special
stdtngs put In where there are no stations
for ths express purpose ef allowing meet
Ingi and passings. There are tw of these
extra sidings on the "Annandale Lancas
ter R. R." "Hall's" and "Smith's." Such
sidings ar to b found on all single track
road. The freight trains are supposed to
stop several minutes at each of th meeting
and paaslng stations, bene th double peg
at such stations. Ths regulation time table
worked out from the board Is appended. It
should be understood that the board for the
full day would represent twenty-four hours
and that the apeed of the trains tn actual
practice would not be as uniform as hers
shown, variations being necessary for
grades, curves, etc.:
"ANNANDALE & LANCASTER RAIL-'
KOAU."
SOUTHBOUND TRAINS.
1
Ex.
M.
I I t
T
Pass.
P. M.
Stations
jFrel't.l Pass.
Miles.
M. IP. M.
Annandale....
IIS
(4(
8:66
4:18
42
4 M
MS
4:17
6:44
6:63
4:U)
Bristol 16
t hosier &
Dayton lu
Ellsworth .
Florence .
Orayiown
Ilopcvllle .
Jackson ..
Knoxvllle
Lancaster
.. 8
..Vt
:: S
..H
..5
NORTHBOUND TRAINS.
2
Ex.
M.
4
Frel't
M.
6
I Pass.
P. M.
Stations
1
Pae.
P. M.
Miles.
Lancteter
I 12
:00
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.... MS 8:13
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4:00 4:06
1:30 4 s 4:1
ifci 4 40
.... 1:46 4:50
I 2 00 4:00 .t
12:00 1:20 1:20
U:15 1:34
12 4 145 !
1 W I II fJi
2 2:2i 4.u
t 2:38 4:18
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4 10 1:4) 6:w)
4 1 1:66 IIS
l: 4:o 6:24
4:u0 4:46 6. CO
Knoxvllle .... II .
Jackfton 6
Hopeville loj 11
Oaytown .... fl .
r lorence bl
Ellsworth ....121
Dayton i
C heater Wj
Bristol &
Annandale. ...IS
.00
1:00
WALTER MORRIS.
The feud between the Haxgis and Cock,
rell families In and around Jackson. Ky.,
has borne unexpected fruit. Fir Insurance
companies doing business In thai disturbed
section are canceling policies because of
threats ef arson mad by the opposing factions.
mmm
Longest Established, Most Bucce.s
ful and Reliable SpectallMs In
Diseases of Men, as Medical
Diplomas, Ucenees and News
paper Records Show.
We 41 . treat all disease, 6t w ear all w treat we treat ntt lr r them 4y
erd. We t ey eared Varicocele, ttrietar, L Ma , Atrikl4 Sfcrwakea Organs,
skllltl Itleo Pol.ea, Nrv-Sval Deblll(rt Rsptsrsi Kldaey, Vrlaary Dlaea, and all associate dls
ease snd Weakneaeea of men. We charge nothing for private counsel and give to each patient a LEGAL CONTRACT
to hold for eur promises. Is It not worth your while to Investigate a curs that has made life anew to multitudes of
men, aad to which eountleee tongues gladly testify? YOl'NG, MIDDLE-AGED ASD OLD ME I1 at r me
tay, r writ fer oar sock, free, which will explain th dlsesses we cure, and how we cur them to stay cared
when others fait
STATE ELECTnO-HEDIGAL INSTITUTE
1308 Farnam St., bet. 13th and 14th Streets, Omaha. Neb.
References Beeit hynks and
leading business men of the city,
sr
rmTAM VA jr ail. vr.flMw
Officially declared vhe best whiskey in the world. Impartial judges
awarded Gold Medals to HARPER Will 8 KEY at Cotton Exposition, .
New Orleans, 1885; World's Fair, Chicago, 1893; Exposition Univer
"eelle, Paris, 1900. . - ...... .
BCRWttXtM BROS, Dttmr.
(Isaac
BUTLER, COUNTY, NEBRASKA,
And the Small Proportion Returned for Taxation.
Btatement showing variations In assessment la Butler county, between WSJ and
Retaraed for Assessmeat ta
241,858 acres Improved land ..
167,008 acres unimproved land
11,091 horses
11.6S5 cattle
19,351 hogs
Agricultural Implements
- Railroad and telegraph
a
All other pro perty
Total assessment
The census report for 1900 give th
846,507 acres land
Agricultural Implements
L.iv stock
Products not ted to live stock
Percentage of land value returned
Percentage of agricultural implemeent value returned for taxation,
Percentage of itve stock vslue returned for taxation
For the purpose of confirming these figures, we give a
list of property sold lately In Butler county, showing con
siderstion paid and amount returned tor assessment:
8ectlon Town- Range or Consider- Assessed
Part, er Lot. ship. Block. atloa. . Val., 1901
N. E. hi.-., 11 IS 1 810.000 61
S. S. , 36 15 1 9,000 638
N. U 13 15 8 8.000 42S
E. V S. E. M...... 8 16 8 3,400 2SJ
W. H 8. E- hi.... 8 16 3 8.600 180
N. H N. W. hi... 84 14 8 8.400 380
N. H N. K. hi... 11 14 1 3.400 320
N. hi N. W. hi... 21 14 t 3,600 293
B. W. 23 It 1 6,400 6S6
B. E. hi 33 IS 8 8.000 693
N. W. 1 18 3 7,200 623
From tb best information we caa get for th present year,
land ar assessed at but 7 per cent of their true valu la this
county. (
In Butler county th taxe are quite generally paid; the
county Is in default but $4,813 89 state tax and 31,985.04 of thl
amount has been owing for over thirty years; as -a matter of
pride. If nothing else, a county as rich a thla should wipe oat
th little amount delinquent, as it would pot be a hardship to
do so.
It Is the delinquent taxes that have caused the state debt
This Is another one of the rich counties tn Nebraska and
the statement that the banks made In July, 1901, to the bank
directories show thst the whole county Is prosperous.
The statement of the condition of the banks show that they were conservatively managed and had their funds wsll In
hand, and this statement shows that they ar conservative la estimating values tor tsxstloa ss well.
None ef the rallrosds la Butler county pay much profit. la 1900 they report the following as the result of their
oparatloas: i
F. E. A U. V ,
O. A N. P
O. A R. V
L. N. W.
Out of which th railroads paid taxos
Pitts., Bess. A L, B. R. R. aaya 1 S-IO Bar eat aet earala far taxes,
reseirlvsala R. R. C. aaye I T-IO war eeat aet aaralasjs fas tasea,
B. A t. R. K. pare aer eeat aet earalaa far tasaa.
Hallreaaa af Nebraska aay lO O-IO war eeat set earalaa far Iiih,
Kallraada ai Batter Ca.tr, aekra.ka, par ftS eVlw fer seat aet earala far taxes.
I' "a eTfo.j
1 1
"I Clto Yfirlsssclj Vsllhcut
cr-ill:, thus ETcIwir. (ha
fcsnxra cf c-rgcry."
HAVE YOU ANY
THEGE GYr.TPTOMG?
The chrctr1t!e symptoms of
swollen condition of the scrotal
the envlr sexual Teuton; harp,
srroum ana leemcies; pains across
gradual decline of virile power;
shrunken orians; blue rlnrs under
Maht: dltslneea and fwlllns; eyesight: nervous and trembllna:
poor memory: no aonhltlon: aversion tn ladiee' aocletv and fre
quent despondency. The physical
tne accompanying mental oistrcsa. wnich generally takes tne
lorra oi gioom toreoouinge ox
Cur EIsc.ro-L'sdic&l Tredmcnl
Improves the patient from
eeaees; the pools of staanant
veins, which rapidly assume
natural drains pes. all indications) or i"e) and vettiwM
vanish completely, and In
pleasure or peneoi neaiin
Consultation Fres and Confldsr.tUI
I 1
Cats Aatkerlty of th Railroad f Nebraska.)
Statement Showing the Great Wealth of
18U3.
Value. "
48.469
31,6
102,944
77,960
21,804 '
14,849
121.204
408,458
Per Unit.'
8.91
8.00
11.15 .
8.60
1.88 '
Unit.
899,917
M,l.
1,801
89470
80,887
.2,518,738
following returns fer agricultural wealth la
Val. Farms.
$ 10,957.240
'
. ,
Val.
for taxation
..
Town.
David City
David City First National Bank..
David City Central Neb. Natl. Bank
Bralnard ............Bank ef Bralnard
Beilwood Platts Valley Bank.....
Bruno .....Bruno State Bank......
Llnwood ......
Rising City ...
Ulysses
Moneys of bankers
e..u. a
Bonds, stocks and
n nares oi capital
Miles.
64.68
9 12
32.76
87.13
Loss
A nrtss "ijrlf nrnfli 4 s amom Ka.
amounting to $25,632.73 la Butlr county
17
OR ALL. OF
varicocele srei A knotted snd
eln.: drairslnr .ensatlnn In
shooting or Itching pains In the
tne .mail o trie ns.cn;
premntu renew; atrophied or
the evee: reslevxnen. at
sufTerlna Is eatisled only by
ln.penaiag aisaster.
the very beginning. All naln iflnn
blood are forced fmm the dilated
their normal condition: the un
their stead come pride, power and
ana rewiorea nvannooa.
Office Hour, a. m. to t p. m.
Sundays lw a. nt. to 1 p. m.
I . "
toulsvtn. Kr V. 8. A
100:
Retaraeel to Asaeeasaeat la 10OO.
Tain.
150.44
47 Jit
i 90,744
24,117
1,718
C14.S8S
- 71,707
rwCttt.
8.44
8-
8.16
8.02
1 M
88.361.061
Butler county:
Fa rat Bldga.
11,744.110
IU.7J1.4C9
431,9.0
1,059.740
1,691,187
e
8-10 per cent
...1 1-10 per cant
....I par eeat
We give a statement of the condition of the banks la th
county la July, 1901:
Nsms of Bank. Cap. ft Burp.
City National Bsnk.... 62,600
Deposits
I 880,000
330,000
216.820
11.200
49,000
7X000
66,600
70,009
163,000
87,000
41,040
33.000
17,400
6.600
11,000
26,000
31,300
......Far. and Mer. Bank.
Rising City Bank....
First Bank ef Ulysses
$340,180 $1,227,520
Tb ridiculous amount returned for taxation la thla county
can be readily seen when It Is kaowa that la that year all
other property la th county than railroad and telegraph prop
erty was returned tor assessment In a sum amounting to
$l,7.eii6, while thl bank statement shows that th capital
and surplus aad deposits of money la th basks alone
amounted to $1,667,830.
According to the report of the auditor, the banking Insti
tutions returned th following amounts for taxation la this
county:
and brokers
. wui
$7,470
1,397
28
(71
warrant
stock
Net Earangs.
per mile.
3U15.41
306.29
711.11
Totsl Net tar
lng la County.
$71,08188
3.046. 40
13.944.11
$98.021 94
1.117.01
$89,906.91
899.34
