TIIK OMAHA DAILY BEt fONDAY. JULY 14, 1002.
Tiie umaija Daily Uee.
E. ROSEWATER, EDITOR.
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Pally lies (without Sjnday), On Year. $4 CO
l'aily lire and Bunda, On Year S.tO
illustrated lire, one Year J
Sunday tie. On Year l."0
caturday Hce, On Year 1H
Twentieth Century Farmer, On Year.. 100
DELIVERED BY CARRIER.
Dally Be (without Sunday), per copy.... Ic
Daily Hee (without biinuay), per wee. ...11c
Dally Bee (Including BUiiuay, per week.. 17c
Bumiay Bee, per copy sc
Kvnmg Bee (without Sunday), per week.lvo
Evening Be (Including eunaay), per
week
ComplainU of Irregularities In delivery
hould be addressed to CUf Circulation
Department.
OFFICES.
Omaha The Bee Building.
Bouth Omaha City Hail Building, Twan-ty-tlfth
and M Streets.
Council Bluffs W i'carl Street
Chicago 1640 Unity Building.
New York Temple Court.
Washington 6ol Fourteenth Street.
CORRESPONDENCE.
Communication relating to news and
editorial matter should be addressed:
Omaha Bee, Editorial Department.
BUSINESS LETTERS.
Business letters and remittance should
be addressed: The Be Publishing Com
pany, Omaha..
REMITTANCES.
Remit by draft, express or postal order,
payable to The Bee Publishing Company.
Only .-cent stamia accepted m payment ol
mall accounts. Personal checks, except on
Omaha or eastern exchanges, not accepted,
THE BEE PLBLIdHl.SiJ ,OMPAN Y.
STATEMENT OF CIRCULATION.
Stat of Nebraska, Douglas County, ss.:
George B. Tchuck, secretary of 'ihe Be
I'ubllsning Company, being ouly sworn,
says that the actual number ol full and
complete copies of The Dally, Morning,
Evening and Sunday Be printed during
tna montn of June, wuz, waa as iuuw
1..
2..
I..
..
....lil,41
....iiO,4WU
....;D,aa
....SIU.5TO
16...
17...
18...
19...
.!O,40
,...:rt,B4o
...,a,7uo
... .20,740
....it,ooo
S
( 2,S10
1 at,07o
1 2W.WOO
Z1MMO
10 Stt.VlU
11 ai,5BO
12 UU.BIO
13 21,S80
14 Ii,MJO
16 a,om
20....
21 lltt.oTO
22 SH,50O
23 a,B(0
24 81.330
25 29,MH
26 29.BSO
27 2U,ttSO
23 2,B40
29 ,..2,BI0
10 XO.ttlO
Total 8l,220
Less unsold and returned copies.... 9,ufi2
Net total sales 87tt,BIS
Net dally average ZO,818
GEO. B. TZSCHUCK,
Subscribed In my presence and sworn to
before me this 30th day of June, A. D., 1902.
(Seal.)
Notary Public.
These are the Nebraska farmer's busy
days.
The Peter Cooper club has finally rati
fied but with- a good stout string to
the ratification.
Prospects are good that local summer
resorts will still hare a chance to score
on the home stretch.
Our city health department Is to wage
a war on the festive mosquito. Let It
be a fight to a finish.
The market house has finally gotten
Into the courts, where It will probably
slumber and smother during the hot
season.
Topocratlc professions of solicitude for
the sugar beet growers do not Jibe well
with the records that charge up the re
peal of the sugar bounty laws la this
stato to the popoerata.
The railroad lawyers are well paid for
arguing the corporation side of the rail
road tax case. What Is the Lincoln
Journal promised for Its editorial pleas
for the overtaxed railroads?
If. multiplying the number of foreign
commissioners will bring the foreign ex
hiblU, St, Louis ought to break the rec
ord In the number of foreign countries
participating In Its exposition.
As a result at the heavy rains, the
street repair gang will be kept extra
busy in Omaha for some little time.
This will balance up the sating from
the inactivity of the street sweepers.
Changes are coming so fast In the com
mand of the Department of the Mis
souri that the commanding general has
scarcely time to get acquainted before
he Is ordered to move on to another post
It's a sleepy neighborhood In Omaha
these days that does not boast an !m
.provement club of Its own, constantly
alive to the interests of Its vicinity In
the apportionment of public work and
public Improvements.
A populist review of the work of the
congressional session asserts that only
two bills of. Importance were passed
the canal bill and the Philippine govern
ment bill. What about the Irrigation
bill and the omnibus public building
graft?
Plans for two additional new viaducts
for Omaha are under way. In spite of
their original protests, the railroads
have discovered that the viaducts mak
ing travel over their city crossings safe
are to be counted among their best In
vestments, even on a dollars and cents
basis.
Another chance for a deadlock will
present itself when the determination
must be made whether a democrat or
a populist shall be placed in charge of
the Joint campaign committee that is
to direct the forces of the allied fusion
reformers In their effort to regain pos
session of the spoils counter in Ne
braska. Lo, the poor Indian, has from time Im
memorial bet-n the prey of unscrupulous
white men, but that Is the very reason
why the officers of the Indian bureau
charged with their protection should be
held to strict accountability. When In
dian agents and traders play In with
the despollera, what hope Is there for
the red man?
Our friends of the railroad tax bu
reau are still making a huge show of
earning the generous salaries accorded
them by their corporate employers lu
recognition of their tax shirking abili
ties. If this keepa up, the tax rtuumls
sloners will actually persuade them
selves that without their assistance the
road could But be iterated,
BRIDGE TAXIS AND BRWOB TOLLS.
It Is a matter of history that James O.
Blaine was defeated for the presidency
by the foolish remark of a fool friend
at a public dinner. Just three words,
"rum, romanlsm and rebellion," lost
the state of New York to the Plumed
Knight and defeated him of the realisa
tion of his highest ambition. What Is
true of men Is also'true of corporations.
They also frequently need saving from
font friends. A striking Illustration In
point Is furnished by that staunch old
railroad organ, the Lincoln Journal,
which has entered the breach In de
fense of railroad tax shirking In the
following fashion:
A railroad company discovers an obstruct
tlon In its pathway In the shape of a river
or gulch that must b trestled or spanned
by a very costly structure. The bridge Is
merely an extra expense entailed on the
owners of the right-of-way. It Is of no
utility to them. It brings no revenue, but
necessitates a continued outgo to keep It
In repair. It Is merely a badge of mis
fortune, because If the gulch or river had
not been in the way the cost of .construc
tion would have been no mors than the
average. According to the Rosewater doc
trine, however, the railroad bridge should
be taxed at what It cost the corporation to
put It In, and that tax kept up year after
year to all eternity. Carrying out this doc
trine, every cut and fill on tb railroad line
hould have an extra .tax put on It be
cause It represents an Investment of extra
capital. At the same time, It must
not be permitted to charge any more than
the average mileage for hauling freight and
passengers across these natural obstructions
after It has overcome the difficulties by
scleatlfio engineering. Verily, -the Rose
water doctrine of taxation Is a stunner.
Where did the editor of the Journal
get his nightcap? Is he not aware of
the fact that every railroad bridge over
the Missouri river between Sioux City
and St. Louis Is a toll gate?
Is he not aware of the fact that more
tolls are collected at every one of these
bridgea every five years than would re
pay the cost of each bridge?
Is he not aware of the fact that the
Union Pacific bridge at Omaha was
constructed thirty years ago and was
bonded for $2,500,000, although It did not
cost more than $1,200,000?
Is ho . not aware of the fact that,
although owned by the Union raciflc
railroad, it was operated under an in
dependent charter and earned nearly
$3,000,000 within the first five years
after Its completion? '
Is he not aware of the fact that for
nearly twenty-five years 60 cents waa
charged for every man, woman and
child that crossed this bridge either
way, and $10 per carload of ten tons
was charged for all freight coining and
going?
Is he not aware of the fact that at this
day ten miles are torn out of every
mileage book presented to Union Pacific
conductors for the transit of less than
three miles between Omaha and the
Union Pacific transfer on the Iowa side,
and 25 cents in cash Is exacted for
bridge toll for every passenger coming
and going over every road that centers
at Omaha, when under the legal rate
of 3 cents a mile less than 0 cents
should be charged?
Is he not aware, too, of the fact that
an arbitrary bridge rate of from 3 to 5
cents per 100 pounds is charged for all
freight that crosses the Missouri river,
whether at Omaha, Blair, Plattsmouth,
Nebraska City or Rulo?
Why, then, should these bridges not
be taxed at their true value, so long as
bridge tolls are exacted for passengers
and freight enormously in excess of
mileage rates?
The ordinary tonnage rata for heavy
commodities, such as lumber and coal,
ranges from cent to 1 cent per ton
per mile, and 2 cents per ton per mile
would be regarded as an extraordinary
charge, but the charge for crossing the
Union Pacific bridge, for example, Is
from 00 cents to $1 per ton. Computing
the bridge and Its approaches at three
miles, the ordinary charge' would be
from 1 cents to 6 cents per ton for an
equal distance of the main line,. Instead
of being 00 cents to $1.
Perhaps the fool friend of the rail
roads,' who talks of railroad' bridges as
"badges of misfortune," does not know
that railroad bridges are a- great source
of Income to the railroads.; Perhaps he
does not know that railway bridges are
assessed and taxed by boards of equali
sation In other states where the Rose
water doctrine has not yet been heard of,
In 1001 the Illinois Board of Equallxa
tlon assessed the bridge across the Ohio
river at Jeffersonvllle at a valuation of
over two millions per mile and other
railroad bridges in proportion.
The Missouri State Board of Equal
ization at the outset of Its assessment
work passed a resolution fixing specific
days to hear testimony, arguments and
suggestions with reference to the valua
tion of railroads, bridges and telegraph
property subject to taxation for the en
suing year. In conformity with this
resolution the Missouri board assessed
the two St Louis railroad bridges and
the bridgea that span the Missouri river
above St Louis as follows:
South half of St Louis bridge $2,300,000
St. Louis Merchants brld
600,000
200,000
Hannibal bridge
Qulncy bridge
Atchison bridge
200,000
150,000
126.000
300,000
125,000
St. Joseph bridge ..
Leavenworth brldg. old
Leavenworth bridge, new
So far as heard from, the railroad
managers and their tax bureau commls
sloners have not yet appealed to the
courts against this outrage,
PKHPLtXltiU IHt BMTISH.
The Atlantic shinning combine contln
ues to perplex the British, though there
are fewer expressions of fear regarding
Its possible results than Immediately
after the combination of steamship lines
became a matter of public knowledge
The subject was discussed In Parllaraeut
a few days ago and among those who
referred to it was Lord Belborue, the
first lord of the admiralty. He said
that the British should not have a mo
nojioly of the Atlantic trade, but ou the
other hand Great Britain could not
afford to see herself squeesed out of that
trade. He stated that the attitude of
the government Is not one of hostility
but of anxiety and until a final opinion
had been formed of the whole question
the government could not wisely or
fairly enter Into agreements with one
party or the other. He declnred thflt
Great Britain had fallen behind In re
gard to vessels of high spoed because
she had not given heavy subsidies like
other nations.
The offer of J. Plerpont Morgan to
place all the British ships In the new
combine at the disposal of the admiralty
for the next fifty years, on certain terms,
Is under consideration, but there is
doubt whether Morgan could offer guar
antees substantial enough to Justify the
acceptance of his proposition and it
seems highly improbable that it will be
ccepted. What appears to be more
likely is that the British government
will decide on a policy of subsidies with
a view to the construction of merchant
steamships that could be made availa
ble as cruisers In time of war. The
shipping combine has presented to the
British a problem that Is troubling them
not a little and at present Mr. Morgan
Is evidently master of the situation.
AN ILL-ADVISSU MOVEMKNT.
Representative Cooper of Wisconsin,
chairman of the house committee on
insular affairs, vigorously condemns the
talk about Cuban annexation and the
movement which It reflects. He takes
the view that this country having
launched Cuba among the nations of the
world It would not be in keeping with
our pledges to her and certainly not
within the spirit of these promises If,
before her government had been given
an opportunity to demonstrate what it
could do, we should Inaugurate a move
ment for annexation. He declared It
would be brutal to undertake to force
annexation upon the Island, which he
believed to be the object of those who
favor annexation at present
While Senator Elkins and others who
favor bis annexation proposition profess
that nothing in the way of coercion Is
Intended, It is perfectly obvious that
the tendency of the movement started
by the West Virginia senator when he
introduced his resolution in the senate
Is in this direction. We think it Is not
to be doubted that an overwhelming
majority of the American people are In
accord with the view expressed by Mr.
Cooper, that having given Cuba an in
dependent government and pledged our
support to It, It would be dishonorable
for us now to urge annexation. More
over, our people do not want a Cuban
state, with representation In congress
and the electoral college. They do not
desire tho participation of the Cuban
people In this government As has been
said, pronounced racial characteristics,
political habits, language, history, so
cial Institutions, all separate Cuba from
the United States. If annexed the
island would have no sentimental attach
ment for either of our parties or any of
our sections. Besides we have a negro
problem of our own which Is serious
enough and the annexation of Cuba
would aggravate It, for the Island has
a large negro population and the negro
cannot be suppressed there, as is now
being demonstrated. . . '
It has been stated that the annexation
proposition is likely to command se
rious attention at the next session of
congress. D6ubtless Senator Elkins
will, press his resolution's. It is there
fore important that In the meantime the
matter should receive public attention,
In order that congress shall learn pop
ular sentiment regarding it That the
advocates of annexation will make the
most of the opportunity to propagate
sentiment In favor of making Cuba
American territory can confidently be
assumed.
ANOTHER DIPLOMATIC VICTORY.
American diplomacy has won an
other Important victory, for which Sec
retary Hay 1b being Justly commended.
When the Chinese government appealed
to the United States to use Its good
offices for securing the evacuation of
Tien Tsln, agreeably to the understand
lng with tho powers, the Department
of State promptly responded. Instead
of communicating with the represents
tives of the powers at Pekin, which
would have meant delay, Secretary Hay
addresed himself directly to the gov
ernments interested, through the Amer
ican ambassadors and ministers. The
result waa entirely satisfactory, the
powers agreeing to instruct their gen
erals to abandon the condition sought
to be Imposed as a precedent to evacu
atlon and the desire of the Chinese gov
ernment will be acceded to.
Thus the United States has performed
another valuable service for .China,
which Is reasonably expected to have
a good effect in that empire and which
attests the continued friendly interest
of this country in China. From the
beginning of the Chinese troubles our
government has steadily and consist
ently labored to protect China from
undue exactions on the part of the
European powers, to preserve her terri
torial Integrity and to secure for her
fair and Just treatment These efforts
have been largely successful and the
latest evidence of American concern for
China ought to strengthen the friend
ship of that country for the United
States, which seeks there no special ad
vantages, but only equal rights, and
even chances for every nation inter
ested in the trade of the Orient
The World-Herald is sorely distressed
because the editor of The Bee has taken
the only practical course to bring the
railroad tax question successfully to a
head. But no one connected with the
double-euder ever bad either the stain
lna or integrity to Initiate any practical
measure of tax reform.
All the leading clearing house cities
report comparative decreases for bank
clearings for the past week, but
Omaha's ratio of decrease is smaller
than that of most of Its competitors,
When the table turns again Omaha will
be over the line with the first.
!
Oleo manufacturers are not only loud
in their denunciation of the new oleo
law, but have begun a literary ram
palgn with a view apparently to stlinu
lating a public sentiment that will sus-
u their demand for its immediate re
il. The test of the law will nnunes-
tlonably determine Its wisdom or folly,
but prevailing on the same congress
that enacted a law to repeal It would
border on the legislative miracle.
The mystery of the invitation to the
Tilden club banquet which was sent to
Mr. Bryan by registered mall and re
ceipted for, but which Mr. Bryan says
never reached him, has not yet been
cleared tip. We are waiting to kuow
whether this mlscue Is the result of a
conspiracy of the money power or only
one of the exhibitions of Mark Uanna's
diabolical machinations.
Better Try a Museum.
Washington Post.
The lecture bureau manager who thinks
there Is a fortune in an Agulnaldo lectur
tour should remember what happened to
the Miss Stone enterprise.
A Safe Gafii.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
Reviewing the situation, with due regard
for the facts, is It too much to say that
there will be some lightning-like changes
la the railway world before the death of
another decade?
I,ea;al Talent In Missouri.
Chicago Record-Herald.
The democratic candidate for supreme
Judge of Missouri, in an Interview the other
day, said: "I certainly don't feel like a
beaten man. If anybody has a chance It's
me." How can they In a state whose gov
ernor eats pie with his knife hope to de
feat a man who trees such English?
Word With Doable Meaning;.
Brooklyn Eagle (dem.).
Bryan says: "I appeal to ail democrats
to stand firm and to place only tried and
true democrats on the ticket." "Tried,"
true" and' convicted would seem to be
bis preference. "Tried" has two meanings,
Democracy has "tried" William and Wil
liam has certainly fearfully "tried" the
democracy.
Fuel Bin of the Futnre.
New York Tribune.
Experts of high' repute say that when
the coal mines in both the Americas and
In Europe are exhausted the stores of fuel
in China will serve the world for centuries.
Chinese coal and Chinese cheap labor in
future cycles may then . keep alight the
furnaces which maintain the industries of
the globe; and the Yellow Peril will then
become the Yellow Benefactor.
Climax of the Silly Season.
Philadelphia Ledger.
Don M. Dickinson's suggestion of Joseph
H. Choate for president of the United
States was merely complimentary, and not
much of a compliment at that. Mr. Dick
inson and Mr. Choate belong to different
political parties, which precludes the idea
that the proposition was Intended to be
taken seriously; but. If Mr. Dickinson
wished to head off a possible presidential
boom for Mr. Choate, he could find no bet
ter means to do so than by giving him a
democratic nomination at a gathering In
London.
Oil aa Naval Fael.
Indianapolis Journal.
The secretary of the navy has suspended
work on plans for the construction of sev
eral naval coaling stations to await the
result of experiments the navy Is now
making In the use of oil as fuel. The sec
retary believes these experiments will show
that oil Is a cheaper, cleaner and better
fuel for the navy than coal. Borne recent
experiments on merchant steamers go to
sustain the Same 'view. If tha liquid fuel
comes into general use In the navy Vnolo
Sam will have to- substitute oil tanks for
coaling stations.
Can't Lose the Reporter.
Philadelphia Record.
In order to reproduce as nearly as pos
sible the conditions of actual war In the
military and naval maneuvers to be con
ducted on land and water this summer
In the vicinity of Long Island all Infor
mation regarding the movements is to be
withheld from the press. The success of
the program Is assured. The objective point
of the naval forces (which are to conduct
the attack) and the defensive plans of
the army have been already announced In
the newspapers, several weeks before the
event. The conditions pertaining to an
actual state of hostilities have thus been
reproduced with marvelous exactitude.
Whether In peace or In war the newspaper
craftsman la Irrepressible.
The Hallway Tax Case.
Grand Island Independent
The taking of evidence In the Rosewater
mandamus case against the State Board of
Equalization, seeking to compel the hoard
to assess the franchises of the railway
corporations ' has been completed.
It ks one of the most Interesting
cases against the big corporations ever un
dertaken In the state as well as one of the
most important In all Its bearings. Th
success of Mr. Rosewater in the matter will
be of benefit to the entire state and tb
facts and figures would seem to show that
the assessment of the companies has not
been equitable. It la only to be regretted
that all tax shirkers cannot be brought In
under the same case for It Is plain that the
companies are not the greatest "econo
mists" when It comes to putting la assess
ment returns.
PERSONAL NOTES.
It Is costing Messrs. Oaynor and Green
and the Dominion of Canada a great deal
of money to maintain their mutual attach
ment.
Edwtn F. Hamlin, secretary, to Governor
Crane of Massachusetts, has served In a
similar capacity under ten previous gov
ernors. He has held tne omce tor twenty-
five years.
Harry Mason Bcovel, for fifty years In
the newspaper business In Chicago and
other cities, has laid aside bis work, at
least temporarily in the first named city,
on account of falling eyesight.
In his recent oration at the centenary of
West Point academy General Horace Porter
uttered this epigrammatic advice, good for
soldier and civilian alike: ' "Never under
rate yourself In a battle, and never over
rate yourself In a dispatch."
Naval Constructor Capps will nave charge
of work on th new 18.000-ton battleship
which 1 to be built In the New York navy
yard, and Is determined that the vessel
will be completed, if possible. In as short
time as would be taken by contractors. She
probably will be called th Connecticut.
Alexander Graham Bell of Washington
has received the Prince Albert medal for
1B0I from the London Society of Fine Arts.
It la given annually to a person who has
distinguished himself In the advancement
of manufacture, art or commerce. Besides
Dr. Bell, Captain James B. Eads, Thomas
A. Edison and David E. Hughea are Amerl
cans who have received this honor.
Joe Howard, the veteran newspaper
writer, was among tho who listened to
on of Bourke Cockran's recent speeches.
Later be uttered this -characteristic orlti
cism: "Bourk Cockran not only has a great
gift of gab, but puts Ideas Into phrase
more felicitously than any speaker I ever
beard except Beecher, sad I have heard
them all liia Webster to McKlnlay.
v; nF.pmi.icAK static tickkt.
I""
Beemer Times: John II. Mickey received
an enthustastlc reception on his return
home from the state convention. His home
people, where be I best known, vouch for
him and his qualifications for governor iu
flattering terms.
Falls City Journal: J. H. Mickey Is a
man who has the confidence of the people
because he deserves It because he has
come by it honestly. All his life he has at
tended to bis own business and baa made
a success of It. Barked up by a record for
honesty and Integrity that admits of no
questioning, he Is in a position to stand be
fore the people squarely on his merits. He
Is a man that his party can be proud of
and that tho citizens generally can be proud
to make governor of Nebraska.
Kearney Journal: The republican state
and congressional tickets are giving quite
general satisfaction over the district and
state. Klnkald Is conceded to bo an honor
able man with a very strong personal fol
lowing which fact gives great strength to
any man. For governor, every one admits.
he Is a strong man In every way. Strong in
character, In honor and with the people.
It Is a strong endorsement for any on
when he Is well thought and spoken of at
home. John H. Mickey has these requisites.
Both congressional and state tickets will
undoubtedly be winners.
Stanton Picket: John A. Mickey's home
Is on a farm. He has comfortable build
ings, a good orchard and many acres of
growing crops, tha same as thousands of
other farmers. He has a fine herd of
Shorthorn cattle of which he is justly
proud. Ha has stock In a bank the same
as hundreds of other Nebraska farmers.
He Is a bank officer the same as scores
of other farmers. He has character and
ability beyond question. Yet no sooner
was he nominated for governor than the
fusion press branded him as a "tool of the
railroads, a mere puppet In the hands of
corporatlobs." Is it not about time to call
a halt on this style of campaigning? No
individual or political party can prosper
permanently by false accusations and mis
representations of those who see and think
differently. Perhaps this Is on reason
why the fusion parties are growing weaker
and lower In publlo esteem. It pays to be
fair. Many do not agree with Mr. Mickey
politically; such is their privilege, but that
he is honest and honorable no man who Is
himself honeat and honorable will deny.
CHANGES OF A LIFETIME.
Conditions of Today Contrasted with
o-Called "Good Old Times."
Minneapolis Journal.
It took the Roman republic some sges to
pass from the simple poverty of Its early
days upon the seven hills to the magnificent
wealth of the age of Augustus, but the
American republic has made the change
In one generation.
The rapidity and extent of this change
Is vividly realized in reading such a book
as the "Reminiscences" of George 6. Bout-
well, the distinguished Massachusetts cltl
sen, who is still living at the age of 82.
In the second decade of the nineteenth
century the Uvea of the American people
were severely simple and plain. MoBt of
the necessaries of life were raised on the
farm by the people living on It Most of
their trading was done by barter. The
country people scarcely ever got In the
course of a year more than enough money
to pay their taxes. Governor Boutwell's
father was the best farmer In his neigh
borhood, but about the only money he
ever saw was what he got by a visit to
Boston once a year, with a team of oxen
and a load of cider, apples, a bog or two
and some poultry.
The farmers' houses were almost des
titute of furniture. Except a few school
books and tho family bible there was no
reading matter except In favored neighbor
hoods where two or three families took a
weekly newspaper together. Malls were In
frequent and postage was almost prohibi
tory. The era of Invention had not begun.
The only means of cooking was the open
fire and the brick oven. Meat was roasted
by suspending from a cord attached to a
hook In the ceiling. It was with great
difficulty that fires were started or kept
going. Tools and food and the labor of
men and animals were freely borrowed
snd lent Farming tools were rude and
deficient ' The poverty of farms In respect
to tools made It Impossible for farmers to
prosper except by cattle raising and th
cultivation of th small grains. Heating;
stoves or furnaces were unknown.
Communication between distant parts of
the country waa practically non-existent
and transportation was of the crudest sort.
Men were narrow and bigoted. The old
religious dogma still had firm hold on the
minds of men. Civilisation was stationary.
There was a prejudice against innovation
and change, a belief that all wisdom was
In the fathers.
Contrast this simple, narrow life with
the complex and broad life of the poorest
farmer of our times. Think of the tools
and horses, the machinery and the Im
proved methods he has. Think of the
comforts and luxuries that are his. Think
how farming has been changed from slav
ery to Inspiring work. Then contrast the
picture Governor Boutwell draws with the
general wealth, progress In education, dif
fusion of knowledge, opportunities and
hopefulness of our own times.
The old governor is not One of those who
fear that decadence will come en as swiftly
as wealth and power have. He Is very
optimistic He has no fears of reaction
against democracy. Only the beginnings
of the great power of the people are so
far seen. As a matter of fact the tre
mendous changes wrought by Improvement
of communication and transportation have
made It possible tor great free govern
ments to exist permanently.
It Is now and ever will be the fashion
to talk of the good old times, but In
America the good old times are not to be
compared with ours. Our wealth has not
spoiled th nation, though It has ruined
some classes. At the core the nation la
sounder now than formerly because It Is
wiser and better trained and equipped.
Newspapers Not la Trnst.
Of the many Interesting disclosures
made by the census bureau In Its search
for industrial data none are more striking
than those presented by the report on th
growth of the publishing Industry Issued
this week. One of th significant facts
brought out by the bureau's Inquiries Is
that the publishing Industry, or at least
the nawspapcr branch of th tnduatry, has
remained uninvaded by a trust. Th report
shows that of all newspaper and periodical
establishments over 61 per cent are owned
by Individuals, SO per cent by partnerships
and only 17 per cent by corporations. Th
statistics tor th census year 1800 show
that Zl.SU establishments reported tor this
Industry, representing a total Investment
of $292,617,071. The sum, however, repre
sents only the live capital utilized and th
valu of th land, buildings, tools, ma
chinery and Implements. Tb Value of th
products of th Industry for on ear la
given as $347.055. 050. which Is an Increase
of it per cent in a decade. To produce
this involved an outlay of $3, 090.719 for
salaries of officials and clerks, $84,149,889
for wages, $55,897,629 for miscellaneous ex
penses and $88,856,290 for materials used.
Over 1,250,000,000 pounds of paper were
used during 1900, of which almost 78 per
eent was consumed for newspapers. Tha
total circulation per issue of dailies was
enough to supply on paper for every five
Inhabitants. ,
BITS OF WAMI1XQTO I.IFF..
Minor Scenes and Incidents sketched
on the "pot.
The White House, tenantless. Is as much
a Mecca for visitors s when It Is the cen
ter of political and social life. Souvenir
fiends are numerous In the crowds which,
even In the hottest weather, gather about
the building watching the workmen tearing
away th Interior. Very few leave tho
ground without carrying away some scrap
of material. Wrought Iron nails found stick
ing In pieces of wood are much sought after,
"The Improvements of the White House
proper," rays the Washington Post, "will be
such a departure from the old order ot
things that the former occupants of the
building will hardly recognize It. The
architects are not yet ready to make known
just what Is to be done, because they hav
not finished all the plans, nor have they
definitely settled on th details of decora
tion. This matter Is left wholly to the
president and the architects employed by
him.
"The decoration of all the rooms will be
on an elaborate scale. There Is absolutely
nothing of the old decorations left remain
lng In the building. The walls, floors, stair
ways, etc., have all been removed, and the
plana of the various floors have been
changed to meet the new conditions. Since
the White House was built It has served as
an office, as well as a residence, and there
fore little could be done toward beautifying
It. Now, however, that the offices are to be
removed to a separate building and the ex
ecutlv mansion la to be a show place of
the republic, the architects are sparing no
pains In making It the most beautiful rest
dence In America, as far as is possible with
the old building as a groundwork.
"At the west of the conservatory the
foundation for the temporary executive office
has already been dug, and the work of con
structlon will be begun within a very short
time. AH of the offices that were formerly
In the White House proper will be accom
modated In this new building, which la to
have a frontage of 100 feet and a depth of
fifty feet. The structure will be built of
white brick and will be one story In height,
although the ornamental work will make It
look somewhat higher. The office of the
president and the cabinet room will occupy
the entire eastern halt ef the new building.
"In the center will be an immense round
room, to be used as a reception room. The
secretary to the president will have a
small room directly In the rear of the re
ception room. In the southwest corner ot
the building the telegraph room will be
placed, and in front of this will be a long
room to accommodate the White House
staff of clerks, assistant secretaries, etc.
There will be several other smaller rooms
for clerks, and a room for the newspaper
correspondents to the west of the inaia
entrance, where every' convenience will be
afforded for getting the news and sending
it to sll parts ot the country. The entrance
hall will be very large and wide and hand
somely decorated, as will all of the apart
ments. In the basement of the building
will be situated the engine room, store
rooms.etc," The sum of $45,000 Is In the hands of Sec
retary Shaw, waiting the claims of the
doctors who attended the late President
McKlnley at Buffalo, and of the persons
who had charge of the funeral ceremonies.
This money waa provided by a special
appropriation that was passed during the
last days of congress, and the secretary
of the treasury was charged with the duty
of disbursing It. So far, no claims have
been filed, and none of the doctors has
submitted a bill. A time limit of two
months Is placed on the appropriation, and
If the claims are not all in within sixty
days the money Is to go back Into the
treasury. It la understood that the doc
tors concerned are conferring and that they
will' present their bills at once.
Secretary Shaw has notified customs col
lectors that cats of the varieties known as
Angora, Persian, . Siamese, Manx, Russian
and othera Imported Into the United States
for breeding purposes shall be admttted
free of duty. Feline pets of common va
rieties shall be taxed 20 per cent ad valo
rem. The evident purpose of the order, for
which it Is alleged Secretary of Agricul
ture WUson la responsible. Is to do away
With the thousands of common cats which
belong to nobody and which occupy their
time fighting on back fences to the de
struction of sleep of many citizens. He
believes that this can be accomplished by
levying a prohibitive duty upon ordinary
cats and admitting aristocratic felines
with long pedigrees free, which will tend
to elevate the standard of cat excellence
In this country. .
An inglorious fate has befallen the war
balloon which rose above the timber line
before Santiago and drew the Spanish fire
on the American troops. That monster
gas bag, with a number : of others, was
stored at Fort Myer, but the heat of past
summers melted the silk and rubber so
that the whole bunch are ruined. It was
the Intention of General Oreely to have a
detachment of his men participate in th
coming army and navy maneuvers at the
eastern entrance to Long Island sound,
and he wanted them to put up a war bal
loon as part of their work. Owing to
scarcity of men In the signal corps It has
been Impossible for the officers to get any
practice with these balloons for the last
three years, aa every recruit enlisted In
the corps has been sent to Manila as soon
as equipped for duty. The balloons have
been stored away In barns at the fort, but
It was not supposed that they would de
teriorate. The heat of the sun, however,
got In some deadly work and when tb
balloons wera overhauled they were found
to be practically useless. It possible on
of them will be patched up and put Into
shape for tb coming practice, but It Is
more than likely that they are too far
gone ever to be utilized again.
MUNICIPAL, HOME Rt'LR,
Ripper Legislation Ripped lp the
Back In Ohio.
Chicago Record-Herald.
The recent decision of the supreme court
of Oblo Invalidating special legislation en
acted for Cleveland and Toledo, while more
directly concerning the people of Otato, will
call pullc attention to .the necessity for
checking th growing tendency of state leg
islatures to Interfere with municipal affairs
and to usurp the governmental functions
tbat properly belong to the cities.
In Ohio the limit of endurance In the mat
ter of tolerating legislative Interference
with city governments baa apparently been
reached. The Judges did not content them
selves with warnings regarding th con
tinued evasion of th constitution, but went
back directly and aquarely to first princi
ples, declaring that the letter of the con
stitution, which merely glvea the general
assembly power to organize cities and vil
lages by general laws, must be enforced.
Tbe Ohio constitution provides that the
assembly shall pass no special act confer
ring corporate powers on cities and villages.
To get around these sections the legislature
divided cities Into classes, frequently con
sisting of on each, and then passed such
laws as It saw tit for cities of each grade or
class. When tbe growth of cities was such
as to throw two of them Into tbe same claaa
the legislature mad Its classification more
t peel do so a to separata tbem Into distinct
claasea. For Instance, when it desired to
legislate for Dayton It made a classification
for "any city of th second class containing
mors than 10,000 inhabitants and located la
a county having a superior court" a descrip
tion that exactly fits Dayloa. Cleveland,
Cincinnati, Toledo and Toungstown were all
P'ared In separate and dletlr.ct classss,
which all told numbered about fifty. v
While no other state has gone to such ab
surd extremities In Its attempt to enact
special legislation for the control ot eertala
departments of municipal government, tbe
tendency toward legislative Interference In
the affairs of municipalities hss manifested
Itself In other states, notably In New York,
Illinois and Indiana. The tendency to vio
late the prlnclplea of "home rule" In mu
nicipalities Is one of the most dangerous
and pernicious developments ot party eon
test In thia country, and the action ot th
supreme court ot Ohio la timely and grati
fying. IS RRYAVS INFHKCK WAXING t
Sentiment Strongly Aaalaat Doar-ln
tho-Manaer Policy.
Philadelphia Ledger (Ind.).
Mr. Bryan's Ill-tempered criticism ol
ex-President Cleveland and other east
ern democrats who favor th return ot
the party to the principles that founi
acceptance In the days of Mr. Tilden
meets with no approval, save possibly from
the scattered remnants of populism. Mr.
Bryan's dog-in-the-manger policy discred
its his own Intelligence. He contends for
party orthodoxy, but Is willing to abide
by the determination of the majority only
when the majority coincides with his
views. In his opinion, the disastrous
platform of 1896 must be adhered to by
the present and future generations of dem
ocrats, no matter how emphatically ths
people express their dissent. Mr. Bryan,
however, Is fast losing his following. On
of the most outspoken advocates ot Rryan
and the popullatlo Chicago platform was
John R. McLean, editor of the Cincinnati
Enquirer, and himself a candidate before
the convention of 1896. In addressing a
recent gathering ot democrats at Colum
bus, O., Mr. McLean aaid:
"The enduring prlnclplea of Democracy
are those upon which we muat rely. No
expedient or Irregular inventions are re
quired. If there ever Is a time for apolo
gies for democratlo existence, or for
trifling with the cardinal faith, or for
doubtful alliances, the present 1 certainly
not that time."
In the presidential contest ot 1900 ths
democratic party secured no electoral votes
outside the "solid south" and four mining
states of the west. In the language ot
the Nashville American:
"Aa a matter of fact, the south In 1900
waa about as little enamored of 16 to 1 as
the democrats In other states whose sup
port Is necessary to democratlo success.
It was an unfortunate situation at Kansas
City, and the convention weakly yielded
to Mr. Bryan's Imperious demands. Ths
south was about as much disgusted as x
the democrats of other sections, but in
spite of this dissatisfaction southern demo
crats stood loyally by the ticket The
south will not again yield to Mr. Bryan's
dictation. That is a fact which Is now
pretty well understood."
Further evidence of the desire of th
democracy to turn away from Bryanlsm
Is found In the fact that recent state con
ventions either adopt resolutions on local
Issues exclusively, or Ignore the free silver
proposition when treating of national ques.
tlons. It Is well for the democracy and
for the general public that the party if
manifesting such a tendency. It is to ths
Interest of good government that there
shall be In this country a strong minority
party to compel tbe majority to maintain
faith with the people or suffer the conse
quences. This Is true not only as respects
congress, but It applies with equal force
to legislatures and local councils. If Phil
adelphia, for Illustration, had a capable
minority party the republioan machine
would not dare to perpetrate the outrages
upon the taxpayers which itt commits at
every opportunity.
Mr. Bryan'a only advice to the demo
cratic party la to go deeper Into the mire
of populism, but from all Indicate ra he
will have small influence In the convmilo.t
of 1904. He has spent his bolt and rUssid
tho mark.
Charge it Vp to Pelee.
Chicago Chronicle.
And now we learn that Mont Pelee has '
deflected the gulf stream from Its proper
route. This leaves Kdwara s pernypnuus
as the only misfortune of the last tnrea
montha for which that malignant volcano
hi not responsible.
LAUGHING MATTERS.
Detroit Free Press: "Well, why don
you say something?" asked the xangry
woman, after her long harangue.
"My dear," replied her husband, meekly,
"nothing remains to be said."
Chicago Tribunal "Well," asked the
caller, "have you cleaned everything up
since th Fourth?", . . ,
Almost," said the mother of th larg
family of boys, putting her apron to her
eye. "There a one ot Dickey s fingers we
haven't found yet"
Philadelphia Press: "By the way." re
minded the curioua Inquirer, "what s a
synonymous expression for talking
""Well." replied Joakley. "there's 'ton
sorial emporium,' and 'halr-cuttlng par
lor.' "
wuhtnitnn Btari "I suppose you ar
.,ree!" ..... .u A
"1 don 1 anow auuui uii, "
rilipino general. B 7 7 . I
having to go out and hunt for work lnateaa
of having your meals brought to you.
When I go to
.-i.iinua aha aald. "I always feel like
getting man-led again myself.1
..iiin. mini, aauln tnvself.'
. ." , i w mmmirmti maklna- a naatv
count of her divorces, "you must have at
tended a lot of them In your time, haven t
youT
fnunutMiJiiii . ' - "
the exacting housekeeper, ' such a mess as
tnis tirasa is. is wier an? mm
you can make?"
Faith, there is. ma'am." replied the new
cook, reaching for the rolling pin: Ol kin
make trouble to the quane s taste.
Chicago Post: "Is there any reason why
sentence should not be passed on you?
'""pfenry'of'tirem," replied the prisoner.
Btate them." ailthe l"''6:..
"What's the uae? asked the prisoner.
"While they're good enough reasons for ma
there s no , chance that they d b good
enough for you."
Chicago Tribune: "Can't you shoot off
hand T' Jeere-1 the farmer boy.
"I can." stiffly replied th etty sports
man, "but I prefer to take a rest I m on
my vacation. '
Bomervllle Journal: Contrary to the gen
eral belief an experienced barber says that
married men don't grow bald any faater
than bachelors do.
Chicago Post: "Of course," said the
young mother, "our little girl Is th sweet
est child in th whole world, but If w had
another how could we pick out the sweet
est child In th whole world?"
And the young father had to give K up.
THE AVKMACili MAN.
Margaret E. Sangster.
When It cornea to a question of trusting
Yourself to the risk of th road.
When the thing la th sharing of burdens,
The lifting the heft of th load.
In the hour of peril or trial,
In the hour you meet as you can,
Tou may aafery depend on the wisdom
And skill of tbe average man.
'TIs the average man and no other
Who does his plain duty each day,
The small thing his wage la for doing.
On the commonplace bit of the way.
'TIs th average man, may Ood bless him.
Who pilots us, still in th van,
Over land, over sea, as we travel,
Just the plain, hardy, average man.
Bo on through the days of existence.
All mingling in shadow and shine.
We may count on the every-day hero,
. Whom haply the gods may divine,
But who wears tbe awarth grim of his
calling,
And labors and earns as he ean,
And stands at the last with the noblest.
Tb commonplace.