Nebraska Newspapers

    18
THE OMAHA DAILT BEEt SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1001.
SECRETS OF CIPHER CODES
IlaboraU Sjitems f Cryptograph? Ei
ployed bj QtremmtnU.
THREE GENERAL METHODS IN COMMNUSE
Cntnpllcnlrri Transposition itf Letter
and Clin rnrlrro tn l)eecl- Oiit
altler Arlilf rnry Code if
C'oiuuiercliil lliiiincx.
When, thanks to tho exertions of the
ver amlablo and Intelligent Wu Tlngfang,
tho Orel mcmorablu dispatch was received
from Mr. Conger announcing tho safet of
the legation in I'ckln, (Unbelief In tho
authenticity of tho moaaugo was widely ex
pressed. Subsequent events proved that
the (loubtcrM were mistaken, but during
tho discussion n question of considerable
Import, was raised would It bo possible for
tho Chlncso or nny other foreigners to
forgo such a dispatch, or, In other words,
would It bo possible for nn outsider by any
posslblo means to master tho secret cipher
codo in which tho diplomatic dispatches
ro written? Tor obvious reasons It Is lm
possible to explain tho American diplomatic
code, but It may bo of Interest to outllno
tho general principles upon which such
ciphers aro constructed. As this message,
Uko tho majority of diplomatic dispatches
unt nowadays, camo by tho telegraph, wo
nay limit ourselves to tho discussion of
ciphers which aro cnpable of this modo of
transmission. Wo need not then concern
ourselves with cryptograms which arc based
a any system of arbitral signs, marks,
devices or hieroglyphics, but only with
thofo which express themselves through
tho medium of letters of tho nlphabct or
numerals. With thoso limitations tho sys
torms of cipher making may bo epitomized
under thrco heads:
1. Tho giving to words or letters an arbi
trary significance.
2. Tho transposition of words or lettors.
8. Tho UBo of numerals for words or
letters.
Thcso thrco systems, eked otit by me
chanical dovlces, cover tho wholo range- of
cryptography, In so far as It falls within
tho sphoro of telegraphy. However, It must
bo borno In mind that they can bo combine!
with ouo unothar In endless complications
In such a way as to rondcr tho cipher more
ctocuro and dlfflcult of Interpretation.
Cotuuierclnl Ciphers.
T3y far tho commonest system of cipher
la that used by tho majority of largo com
mercial houses. It consists In tho uso of
Words, or, rather, collocations of lottors,
for phrasos. Thus, ALEXIS may
mau "Tho market Is advancing;" BAG
HOT, "Supplies of Iron low," tho
meaning being entirely arbitrary. Tho con
struction of such codes Is un Industry In
Itself, and thoro Is ono largo houso In
New York with a considerable number of
employes whoso solo business Is tho com
pilation of such codes for various com
mercial houses. In some cases the code
book contains us many as '.'00,000 phrases,
ach with its soparato symbol; hucu a
Yolumo will surpass a fumlly blblo lu built
and occupy upwards of a year In Ita con-
atructlon. Occasionally, when tho cost of
telegraph tolls Is a consideration, tho num
bers alllxed to tho uymboltcal words may
be used Instead of tho words themselves,
and when it is desired to keep tho cor
reupoudence a secret from clerks and oth
ers who may have access to tho code book
tho relations of tho symbols and" phrases
may be changed. Symbol No. 4 being
translated by pbraso No. C, symbol No. 8
bjr phrase No. 10, and so forth.
Tho main objection to the llxcd codo sys
tem lies in the ctreumsUinco that It only
permits of tho transmission of a limited
umbor ot phrases. Consequently it Is
not avallablu for dispatches the matter ot
Which can not bo oxprcssod solely by tho
uio ot such sot phrases. A more elastic
method is one commonly known as the
dictionary cipher, which Is also largely
uied In commurco as well as by diplo
matists. Tho correspondents having
agrocd upon eonio book, say a certain edi
tion of Webster's dictionary, tboy arrange
that tho words coutalnod In tho dispatch
hall bo Interpreted by words a certain
distance removed In the columns of tho
dictionary. Thus, a dlsputch muy bo re
ceived reading "Hull Collier." Tho re
cipient will look up the word Dull and
count down from it, say fifteen words
the number agreed upon and find "buy,"
and in tho snmo muunor, counting fUtoon
from "collier," arrive at copper. The dis
patch will then bo interpreted, "Buy cop
par." A lloyal Code.
The system of giving letters an arbitrary
meaning it one very largely employed tn
diplomacy. Tho secrot cipher used by the
German emperor for communicating with
the federal princes ot his empire will
aervo as an examplo:
The emperor writes down tho twonty-flve
lettors of tho Oorman ulphabot thore is no
J in a horizontal lino, Indenting it the
Bpaoe of a single latter. This is repeated
twenty-four times, with tho dtfforenco that
all tho lines, except tho first, begin ut the
margin, and each with a dlfforent letter in
the order ot tho alphabet. Tho diagram
then will appear thus:
abcdofghikl
a b c d o f g h I k 1 m
b o d e t g h 1 k 1 in n
odofghlklmno
a
z y i ft b o d e t g h i
y a b o d e f g h 1 k
Now a key word Is chosen which Is known
to all the correspondents, say 11 A C. Sup
poso It bo desired to transmit the word
"cab." This Is written underneah the key
word, thus:
A O
C A 11
Turning to the table you find b In the
top horizontal line, and e, tho first letter
of tho word to be disguised, In tho first
vertical. Then look for tho intersection
of the column In which b appears and the
lino In which c begins. Tht! intersection
will be at o, which will be tho first letter
of our cipher dispatch. In n similar man
ner we obtain tho other letters. Tho dis
patch will then read 'e. b. c.' Tho re
cipient will, of course, tranBlato tho dis
patch by a reversal of tho process of con
struction. French Sinn.
Less complicated Is tho clphor taught
at tho great French military school of St.
Cyr. It depends upon tho position In thi
alphabet of tho letters of the key word.
Suppose, for example, that the key word
bo II A C, the second, first and third lettors
of the alphabot. Suppose the dispatch to
bo "destroy bridges;" It will bo rendered
Into cipher as follows, each letter of tho
third Hue, being formed by writing, tho
same, tho next or tho second following
letter, according as a, b or c falls under It:
destroy bridge
baabacbacbacb
eovvrqzotjdlf
Tho last lino Is tho form of tho message.
Doth tho St. Cyr system and that usod
by tho German emperor, as described above,
hava tho merit that tho value of tho let
ters Is not constant. Thero aro numerous
systems In which a new alphabet is con
structed, but theso can easily bo deciph
ered by an export working on tho princi
ple of tho avcragn frequency and relative
positions ot letters.
Tho transposing of letters Is an easy and
obvious system. Hero it Is In tho sim
plest form. Tho key Is a series of numbers,
for cxnmple, 2, 11, 9, 8, 0. 10, 7, 3, 6, 1, 4.
Our message is "Let an attack be mado at
once" twenty-throe lottcrs. Divide this
up Into groups of eleven letters and trans
pose, thus:
1 2 3 4 6 6 7 S 0 10 11
lotannttac k
1234CC780 10 111
bomadeatonce
which would mako tho following mes
sage, using tho key
2 119SG10 73C14
o k a t n o t t a I a
2 11 0 8 C 10 7 3 G 1 4 2
e o o t d n a m o b a o
The letters aro merely placed In the or
der indicated by tho numbers In tho key.
Tho second loiter ot tho original in tho
first place, tho eleventh In tho third and
so on.
Thoro nre many systems lu which nu
merals take the place of words or letters,
somo very simple nnd obvious and others
highly complicated, l'rlnco Ulsmarck,
whoso messages usually would not bear
publication, had a clphor of this class for
communicating with 'ambassadors. His cl
phor contained only about 500 words, by
which tho ambassadors had to make Bid ft
to express all they had to say. Each word
or phrase was represented by a certain
numeral and in order that tho meaning
of theBo figures might not become known
by constant repetition each ambassador was
Instructed to disguise them by certain mul
tiplications, additions, subtractions and di
visions at cortaln seasons. Ulsmarck was
very particular about this cipher. After
concocting it ho wroto out the twelve keys
for tho twclvo embassies with nu own
hand and outside the ambassadors and the
emperor no one has ever seen u copy.
Alphabetical Ojplojrram.
Another moro ingenious, but probably
less etfoctlvo number cryptogram Is that
which is said to be employed on corre
spondence between tho Russian and French
foreign ofllccs. Tho lottcrs ot the alphabet
(In which "J" docs not Qguro), are divided
Into flvo groups, each ot five letters, lu
tho correspondence tho number of the let
tor in tho grdup,flgures as tho numerator
ot tbo fraction and tho number ot tho
group as the denominator. Naughts and
numbers above flvo are used tor dummies.
Thus, If tho message to bo sent was "Tho
czar agrees," it would bo wrltton thus:
43G3G12132G63
4211514124114
For telegraphic- purposes, the message
might bo wrltton straight along, it being
arranged that denominator was to follow
numerator, and dummies could be inter
posed, thus: 40940 S0287G001
0 37105051819299401817
2 6 7 2020405789 1 0 5 9179
3 G 4.
Of mechanical devices for the transmis
sion ot Becrot messages thoro aro a multi
tude, but, as In the majority of cases they
do not comply with tho exigencies of teleg
raph, wo will not concern ourselves with
them. The instrumont known as the "grille,"
howovcr, can bo utilized In telegraphlo
correspondence, and so merits description.
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UR NAM AM ADORnS TBOAV
t will batvato mm present.
I uU mot otht, TOO put joarMUT
taw. W want u snow rou how
1
mm
ctruin
0n I
iilr. naturally nJ witu
ibucltr, no personal tn
ut reetoratloatobealtb,
eih
at ail
TMltMufSi
t Evtrr tun ajar s!
ondar m obUaanoa waaHTSf. wa want u snow rou hp
i Hamloua lslh curaMf. rMtoratlTs.iltallalpa and !ntr
a ontlnz ilrtnti of thla unfaluna traatmaat. Vou can can
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RDTtaitnct, no iota oi iun,no pu
ruiqiaat, jut a natural add ctU
trsaath, Tlkor and daarted.
DEID U aillin ioiineu.ujJ.er rnso-iTHonp-BBrin
IN HI I UU UquwIlictrlcBiu.BwornMUUmtnl
pi of any kind. Tbsfeiao us!aiatnm about it
Ran rou will tout, Wa know aiactlr what tali on
treatment wlH do lor tod. It oannot fall.
imply aak In ratara. tail attar yu hava oprad and ra.
mtaalf thorouklr and btfond all doubt, and can
tban eoDicIantlomlr racowinand Jama Haalorativa Inrlitor-
aauaiaa aWolaleaed partnaatnt oara for tbaaa dlaprdan
au waakaaataaabaTVea Hll if w at aTarr ooport"y.
pon't wall nnW tkU ofar It withdrawn, but wnva at one.
Afatr a (t days uaef tnlt wanilanul traalMnt roa will
leal at If boraaurw. StrtDttb. tUo. ajaabood. parfatt and
aupalau la alltbairbatt ilaiseau,- will U rattottut to you.
a
The grillo consists of a plate, usually of
metal, with a number of holes In It. When
ho desires to sand a mcssano tho writer
lays his grillo down on a pleco of paper
and writes the words or lottors of hlB dis
patch through tho apertures. Then ho re
moves tho grillo nnd tills up tho spaces
with writing which has nothing to do with
tho matter to bo kept secret. Of course,
tho wholo is arranged so as to mako senso
and appear to bo an ordinary tolographta
message about sorao unimportant subject.
Tho recipient, however, Is suppllod with a
similar grille, which ho applies to tho paper
nnd reads what Is seen through tho aper
tures. When it Is deslrcrd to uso the
grillo In combination with tho telegraph
a sheet of paper will generally bo em
ployed Instead of n metal plato nnd both
parties will use typewriters ot tho samo
make. Then, when the recipient tecolves
tho message in the ordinary telegraph
blank, ho will copy It out with his typo-
writer on a sheet of tho size used by the
sender. This done ho can uso lib grillo
Just ns welt as though ho had tho original
dispatch. A curious devico of thla kind
la used by tho emperor of Austria, whose
grillo is in tho form of a stencil of his
coat of arms, the two-headed oagto. Oc
casionally, too, specially constructed type
writers are used, the lottors recorded by
which do not correspond with thoso
marked on the keys. It is said that this
Is a plau occasionally adopted by somo
of tho United States government depart
ments.
Tho utmost caro is of courso exorcised
lest theso various systems become known
and all governmental ciphers aro con
stantly being changed. In tho navy tho
key and description of tho cipher used Is
kept in a box In tho captain's cabin and
If any accident happens to tho ship it is
the duty of tho captain to throw tho box
overboard. Most of tho government ci
phers are highly complicated, a fact which
accounts to somo extent for tho peculiar
construction of dispatches. General Shatter,
for Instance, It Is said, nover fully mas
tered tho army codo and thut was the rea
son ot tho peculiar diction of his dispatches
from Cuba. However complicated though
they be, experts aro of tho opinion that
governments might Just ax well uso or
dinary, plain writing. I3y some means or
other rival governments lnvurlably manage
to inform themselves ot ono another's
methods and a cipher system has yet to bo
divined that shall bo undecipherable.
T. Q. KNOX.
STKIUMZHD UAHIIini .SHOP.
A I'ninous Simp In (he Cnrrolltoii
lintel, Ilnltliuorr, Mnrylaml.
The barber shop in tho Carrollton hotel,
Baltimore, sterilizes ovcrythlug it uses in
tho shop. Tho sterilizing Is done by heat.
The toivels, th'o razors, the strops, tbo soap,
tho combs and brushes are all sterilized
boforo being used on a customer. Whcro
thero Is no sterilization have the barber
uso Nowbro's Ucrplctde. It klll3 tho dan
druff germs and it is an antiseptic for the
scalp and for the faco utter shaving. All
leading barbers everywhere appreciate these
patent facts ubout llcrplclde und they use
It. "Destroy tho cause, you remove the
effect."
QVAI.Vl' KKATUIIUS OK L.11'13.
One of the greatest curiosities In the
neighborhood ot New York Is now to bo
seen at the foot ot tho l'allsadcs. Between
two framo houses built there 1b a gtant
boulder twcnty-flvo feet high and twurity
feet wide, which foil from a grout height,
at tho top ot tho Palisades, and sweeping
down tho front ot tho cliffs, uprooted big
trees, toro up tons of loaso utono and cut a
wldo ewath tho entlro distance, l'lnally,
after tlgzagglng from ono nldo to tho other,
It rolled tn between two framo houses and
stopped there.
Tho peoplo were asleep In tho houses
when tho rock stnrtcd. They hud burely
tlmo to mako their escape when it mado
Its appearance at their front doors. Thoy
are now thanking their lucky stars that tho
enormous atono did not hit ono ot tbo buildings.
Captain Reuben Watormun ot Merlden,
Coun., will boon receive back again a sword
taken from him nt tho buttle of Wise's
Fork, near Kingston, lu March, 18G5. Cap
tain J. K. P. Nenthcrby ot Company 13,
Slxty-sovcnth North Carolina regiment,
captured Captain Watorinnu of tho Fif
teenth Connecticut. Tho latter asked to
keep his sword, that had boon presented to
him by Meridcu citizens, but Captain
Neatherby refused, as tho regulations as to
prisoners ot war would not permit it. Ho
promised, though, that if both survived he
would roturn the weapon after hoBtllltlos,
and has only Just found hU former pris
oner. Tho eword will bo returned in por
son, and a public demonstration will follow.
It Is said that a consignment of "Wheel
ing stogies," which is the name ot a brand
ot ctgurs, recently shipped to England was
classified by the customs houso officials as
"leather manufactures," on the assumption
that they wero boots tor bicycling. This la
equal to the action ot tho Dutch patent
oiilco, which classified an American machine
for making glngcrsnaps under "distilling
and browing," on the assumption that "gln
gcrsnaps" were some sort of "schnapps" to
drink.
Commissioner Henry Meigs ot the Bay-
onno (Long Island) Board of Health has
announced that he proposes legislation rela
tive to women's attire.
"I propose," said he, "to Introduce at
the next meeting ot this board an ordinance
making it a misdemeanor for a woman to
wear skirts or gowns that sweep tho side
walks. Thoro is hardly any greater cause
ot contagion than thoso dresses, Which,
gather up from the sidewalk germs of every
description and carry them Into homos to
propagate and spread disease,"
Dr. George A. Bradford agrees with Com
missioner Meigs und enumerated several
other sources ot contagion. The collection
of cigar stumps on tho streets to bo ground
up Into smoking tobacco and the promiscu
ous use of towels hanging on tho front ot
counters lu barrooms are two ot them, he
said.
Speaking of the trade in war relics Just
after the close of tbo Spanish war, a Ha
vana correspondent ot the Boston Tran
script writes: "Ono live American we know
ot gavo it out that bo had bought the last
Spanish flagstaff from Morro castle. A
week or two later as soon as shipments
could be got from the States this same
man was nefllng walking sticks said to have
been turned from the aforesaid flagstaff.
Some of thoso sticks were ot oak, others of
ash; somo were mahogany and others ot
ebony but nobody In those days questioned
little things like that. The man might have
made a fortune had he conQnod his business
to walking sticks. He didn't, though. He
began offering small articles ot household
furniture, then larger ones, and at last,
becoming real bold, be tried to float a gen
eral furniture factory oil out -t ood rom
this largo flagstaff. That was bU death-
knell, and though the man Is alive now, his
sales are few and far between and are
limited to walking sticks again."
For Ilnurarnena,
Benjamin Ingerson of Huttoa, Ind says
be had not spoken a word above a wblnper
for months und one bottle of Foley's
Honey and Tar restored bis voice. Bo aura
you gat Foley'.
r ar apsHiapBaiaBBpBpBHpjpjBBpBg
"ft
E3
fLftS it
m
mi
wW
Doctors Mystified.
A woman is sick ; some disease peculiar to her box-Is .
fast developing in her system. She goes to her family
physician and tells him a story, but not tho whole story.
She holds something back, loses her head, becomes
agitated, forgets what she wants to say, and finally con
ceals what sho ought to have told, and thus completely
mystifies the doctor.
Is it any wonder, therefore, that the doctor fails to
euro the diseaso ? Still, we cannot blame tho woman, for
it is very embarrassing to detail somo of the symptoms of
her suffering, even to her family physician. It was for
this reason that years ago Mrs. Lydia E. Pinkham, at Lynn,
Mass., determined to step in and help her sex. Having had
considerable experience in treating female ills with her
Vegetable Compound, she encouraged tho women of Amer
ica to write to her for advice in regard to their complaints,
and being a woman, it was easy for her ailing sisters to
pour into her ears every detail of their suffering;
In this way she was able to do for them what the phy
sicians were unable to do, simply because she had the
proper information to work upon, and from the little group
of womon who sought her advice years ago, a great, army
of her fellow-beings are to day constantly applying' for
advico and relief, and the fact that more than one hundred
thousand of them have been successfully treated by Mrs.
Pinkham during the last year is indicative of the grand
results which aro produced by her unequaled experience
and training. ' ,
No physician in tho world has had such a training, 'or
has such an amount of information at hand to assist in the
treatment of all lunds of female ills, from the simplest
local irritation to tho most complicated diseases of the
womb.
This, therofore, is the reason why Mrs. Pinkham, in
her laboratory at Lynn, Mass., is able to do moro for tho
ailing women of America than the family physician. Any ,
woman, therefore, is responsible for her own suffering
who will not take the trouble to write to Mrs. Pinkham
for advice.
Tho testimonials which we aro constantly publishing
from grateful women establish beyond a doubt tho power
of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to
conquer femab diseases.
Grateful Letters from Cured Women.
EUA BftENNtrt
"Diab Mns. PiincnAM; I have been thank
ful a thousand t imes since I wroto to you for what
Lydia E. Plnkhatn'a Vegetable Compound has
done for me. I followed your advice carefully
and now I feel like a different person.
"My troubles wero backache, headache,
nervous tired feeling-, painful menstruation,
nnd leucorrhcea. I took four bottles of Vege
table Compound, ono box of Liver l'ills, and
used ono pack ago of Sauativo Wash, and am
now well.
" I thank you again for the pood you have
done me." ELL E. BRENNER, East Roches
ter, Ohio.
"Peau Mm, Pixkuam: When I wrote to you homo tlmo no for
adyiee, I really thought my days were numbered. I was so ill that I
could not stand on my feet for fifteen minutes ut a time.
"1 had female troubles In many of their worst forms, inllunuiiatlon
and ulceration of tho womb, leucorrhorn, beariug-ilown pains, headache,
backache, and nervous prostration. My kidneys were out of order nnd
blood in a bad condition. Every one, and even my doctor, thought I
was going into consumption. I commenced to take Lydia E. I'Inkham'a
Vegetable Compound and followed your advico faithfully for six months,
with the result that I became a well womau, and it did not cost uio
nearly as much as a doctor's bill for tho same number of weeks. I feel
that your medicine saved my life." MRS. SAMUEL UORSX, 7 Cozy
Ave., Oneouta, N. Y.
"Dkar Mrs. Pinkham: I feel that words are but feeblo to express
a heart's gratitude, when thero is so much to bo thankful for us I have.
I suffered with womb trouble for flvo years, and our family physician
said an operation was needed ; but I dreaded It, and reading of Lydia
E. PInkham's Vegetable Compound one day, I decided to give it a trial
first. To my grcut joy I found that after four months' treatment I was
strong and well i experienced no pain or trouble, and the Compound
built up iuy entire system. 1 bhull always bless tho day I started to
toko your modicine; it proved my greatest good." MISS SOPHIE
IiONHAM, 281 Oak St., Chicago, 111.
' Dkaii Mm. Pinkbau I want to tell you what your medicine ha
done for me. I believe it saved my life. I had womb trouble and in
flammation of the ovaries, and was troubled with flowing too much". I
had two doctors, but they did me no good. After writing to you, I began
the use of your, remedies, and to-duy I am well. I cannot say enough in
your favor and shall always pratso your Vegetable Compound." MRS.
FRED. LEO, Box 620, Skowhcgan, Maine.
December 28, 1800.
"Dkab Mrs. Pinkham: I fed that It is my
duty to write und tell you of the bencilt I have de
rived from the use of Lydia R. Pinkliam's Vege
table Compound. I wrote to you last.lune and
described my sufferings.
" I took seven bottles of your medicine and was
cured of my troubles. Last September I was taken
with a very bad kidney trouble. I was away from
home and was obliged to return. I started to tnko
your medicine again and was hoon well.
" When I wrote to you last summer I weighed
only ono hundred and Ave. 1 now weigh one hun
dred and thirteen. I am very grateful to you for
the good advice you gavo me, and would recommend
your mediclue to all who suffer from female weak
ness." MRS. B. CUNNINGHAM, Oakland, 111.
$5000
Owing to the fact tbtt some skeptical people have from tlmo to tlmo nuostlontMl
tbo genuineness ot the testimonial letters we are constantly rmblhliinir. wo linva
to any person who trill show that the above testimonials are not genuine, or were published before obtaining the
writ' irpedal permission. Ltdia R. Pinkbax Ukuicimb Co., Lynn, Umu
REWARD
IIIU.IOIOUS,
Tile AmcripiLn Missionary nflHorl;itlon lias
now over 700 missionary workurn in Its
wiuoiy varicu tlelds.
Rev. Mr. Snniirnnl of Shlloll. Me., ro-
rontly baptized 218 persons In one hour and
mtriy-soven minutes,
llev. Hichim! r.twlu Howell, nnn of tho
best known Episcopal clergymen of Wash-
lIlblUM, U, HUH IV JHIJJfUl Hl ill" I'lufclUMI
of a maimltlccut tdltlco In that city, to
servo as a men tint,' plneo for tho communi
cants of all rolli?ioti3 denomination!),
liecause of falling lienlth llev. Dr. Sam
uel V. Applcton hH resigned 'be rectorahtp
of the I'rotostmit Episcopal Church of tho
Mediator In I'hlladelphla after forty-onH
years' svrvlce. lie has teen mado pnntor
emeritUH,
Tho Baptist minister of riillllpsburf,
Kan,, advertises In tho local paper: "Thoro
sun remain u law vuciiui rwtun 11 1.
city, The pastor will, and can, preach bet-
worshipful attendants. Will you not
come?
Tho salary of Uov, frank Crane, tlm new
pastor of the People's church. Chicago, as
successor "f Hov. Dr. II. W. Thomus, Is to
lo Yl,U por annum, which Is tho large!
salary paid any clergyman In Chlcapo. Tho
People's church plans to carry on Its work
on an elaborate scale. Twenty thousand
dollars a year will bo spent. Oood niuslo Is
to tie ono of tho features of tho services.
According to IJUhop Chandler of the
Methodist Kplscopal Church Houth. the
11..,...., nf tlx. a,, till. (,pa hnO.i .,11.
Illt.il' uiill.-Bo ... i,i 0wu.ii .. ........ w..-
dowed and equipped than aro tho colk'KCR
for tho whites, und their bupcrlorlty In that
resiHH't Increase overy year. Hooker T.
'Washington, aa the bishop, can get more
-. . . i.i. .. i, 1 i... nn linnr'n uneprtl
In lJoston or New York than any president
of a whlto school can get by a year h cam
paign umong his own people, and that con
dition, IT ll COnilUUl'H Mil iwcinjr-inH jrtuin.
Is apt td work Injury to both races.
n ,nt. . nM.ull iiu,. fVi rli Oin last
of tho gnat llgurcs of tho Oxford move-
ment. lias jusi uiuu ui wiu uuvoutuu u ui
93 yt'jirs. IIo waH for many years rector of
Clorver, neur Windsor, being tho Incumbent
of beautiful old ohurch lu which Queen
Victoria occasionally worshipped. Twenty
yeurs ago ho gavo up this cure to hucomo
warden of tho House of Mercy at C'lerver
and to tako direction of tho Community of
Ht. John tho Baptist, bettrr known as the
Clcrver Hlsteru, which ho founded. The or
dor Is tho largest and richest for women In
Kngland. It numtjors over 30o members,
many of whom como from tho arlstoonu'y.
It has thirty houses, Including one on Btuy
vesAnt square In New York.
".n V ..NeTaJ -I TK
V..X,. MAI
evert?
1s liitititel and thmM know
about ll.u t underfill
MARVEL Whirling Spi ay
lliOnerT WrtmlNjrlnf. Jtdre
ion ami Siuclijn. llfit -JW.
u- .Matt ( ohVPiilerit
a UlItlBitt India U,
Ilk Mir 4rmlit fir ll.
If h rsnnalsuMil ilia
Ctllf f. tilll uind ftiinn frr ill
ImtrjtM Imoi --M.lt mvci
lull urtlrulin una rtirri ik.n. In.
rnlnsMaloWilUu. MAItVI'.l, :
Hoom i!-.'G Times llldir , N
Tho Whirling Spray Syringe For Sal Tit
Sherman & McConnell Drug Co,
lUtli mid DoiIkc, UiiiiiIid, SvU.