rVUlt MAf All A T A TT.V HV.Ti'i V I'llX V.T A A' AI'TCI?. lo i mil
0
myths ABOUT .BUG BITES'
Eaigarooi Woundi Ranly Icfiiottd by the
Humble Inuott.
POISONOUS VARIETIES Wl. VERY FEW
KntomulnulM llounril Dlncniirnc on
the Poitiliir .Notion nnil NHentlflu
Fnctn Cnnppriilnit Ilre, Spider
ntul tlmt Hurt nf TliliiK.
The subject of Insect poisons Is one which
4 very generally over estimated In the
popular mind. i:vcrywnero among civnizcu
people, 'as well as among uncivilised I
races, them exist superstitions regarding
nerfectly harmlesa Insects. For example,
the common dragon files, or dovll's darning
needles, nro feared very generally by
English-speaking races, nnd tho children
In this country think that these harmless
Insects will sow up their cars. The com-
mon tomato worm, or lonacco worm, n pur-
fectljr harmless Insect, Is considered to bo
fatally do tonous bs many people.
Much of tho common supcrstltiou about
spider bltea Is totally unfounded, while the
mories tiomii ncorptunii aim u-uimra.-. .u
grossly exaggerated. The effects of intense
nervous fear, following a physical Injury of
an Insignificant nature, aro well understood
by tho medical profession. Ilenco It Is not
dimcult to underatnnd rnacs of tcvero ncrv-
cue prostration and ovon death following
a sting or n bite from n comparatively
harmless Insect. Nervous dreads aro eon-
taglous and pnycholoRl9ts will ndmlt that
tho tarentlsm. or tarcntella frenzy of South
'""F. i" '"i J' i"
tula, which hns heen repented at long Inter-
vals within tho last fow celiturles, was
largely n dread, or panic epidemic. Knto-
mologlsts know that thoro Is nothing lu tho
poison of the tarantula to produco tho symp-
luran uuacriiicu, such ub uiu lro,0"c"
dancea ending In coma. Tho so-called kiss-
Ing-bug epidemic of two years ngo was
prouauiy, in a moacrnizcu nnd minimized
form, Influenced by ono of. these psycholog-
leal crazes.
Tno ClnfiscM Arc I'lilMniiiiiii. t,o skin nnd proIuce sometimes an Intcnso
Tho truly poisonous Insects, that la, In- Irritation much llko that which is pro
sects which iiossosa poison glands and duced by tho nottle. Tho commonest of
trnlllnrs nro tho so-called saddle-
belong in tho main to two classes. Either
thoy sting for protection, ns with the been,
certain antfl and certain wasps, or they uso
tho poison to assist In tho capture of their
proy, ns with tho digger wasps, certain
prodacooua bugs, andall spiders. The mos-
qulto belongs, to a third class, nnd tho
purposo of tho poison which It injects is
not fully understood. It mav render th
blood of Its victim moro dlgcstlblo nnd less
Uablo to coagulation, or It may have somo
other, unexplained use.
Insect poisons us a rule were undoubtedly
developed for uso nglnst other Insects.
Therefore, thoy aro small in quantity and,
generally Bpenklng, aro serious In their of-
fects only upon other insects. Tho exact
naturo of tho poison Is not well undor-
-vU.. ... owiu.j uioi.uitin n in a cuuiuiiiii-
tlon of an alkali nnd an ncld, which become
effectlvo only when thoy are combined.
In ants, wasps nnd bocs it consists of
formlc ncld and a whitish, fatty, bitter
reslduo In tho Bccretlon of tho glands.
The corroding, nctlvo formic acid is tho
essential part ot tho poison. Cases are
on record or tno death of human beings
ns a result or tno injection of poison with
me stings or Docs and wasps, ns well as
un mo ones or' spiders, such cases,
a . . .. ",,m"ur ol n8C3 scorpions In thlB country, even In the soutu
are on record of death from a multitude states. Notwithstanding an almost unl-
Thniir.i.i f h ., y ' BU:
J t,h0 .dc,aUl " a dlo-aged
woman from a Rlng.o boe sting. Tho phys-
... umni ion o! xno paucni undoubtedly
had much to do with thj fatal result, which
n uuu .' uuu illlLljr lu IlurVOUo BOOCK
and possibly to tho fnc that tho poison
was lnjocted directly Into n largo vein nnd
was thus cnrrled Immediately to the heart.
Tcrrlblr P.tTcct of n Stlnw.
Another case of slmllnr naturo camo
under tho observation of Dr. William Frew
ot Ensland In lsnfi. Thn nniinni n ,.,, I
woman of 23 years of age. was'stunr on
the neck, Just behind tho nnglo of tho law.
by n wasp, tho sting of which was ex-
tracted by a servant. A solution of nr.
nlca was applied nnd as tho patlont felt
sick sho was assisted to bed. She com-
plained Immediately of a horrible feeling of
choking and of pains In the abdoraon. Tho
neek swelled rapidly and tho pains In tho
abdomen beenmo ngonlzlng. Two tenspoon-
fills of brnndy were ndmlnlstcred, but be-
roro Hnythlng further could bo done the
patient became Insonslblo nnd breathed her
last fifteen minutes nfter tho sting. Dr.
Prow saw the body about two hours after
death and found the neck and lowor part
of tho body much swollen. Tho tongue
was swollen to such an extent that It filled
tho mouth. Tho young woman was of a
nervous, oxcltablo temperament and had
Mown symptoms of weak action of tho
noart. Krom both father nnd mothor sho
had Inherited cotltv tenilnnnlra nJ thnl
mother n w.,,!.nM .. u,. .1 :
uiI,ji,uij nuovi'lHlUlu iu i no
nrtlnn nf nnnl ... .i t . t
"" .m.nuiiua.
ino stings ot bees nnd wamig hnvn vnrv
different effects on different people, nnd
without doubt persons who habitually handle
bees bocome Immune to their poisons. That
this immunity Is produced by Inoculation
cannot bo doubted, but thero must bo an
utmost continuous relnoculntlon. a man
nmy nae Kept bees for n series of years Hons nnd rownrds to devote herself to life
nnd have become, In a measure, immune wlthlu a convent, nnd there to give herself
to their sting. Ho may discontinue the wholly to tho social unfortunates the Mag
Industry for a year or so and upon resum- dalcna of the hour the reclaiming of whom
Ing it ho will find ho is affected by boe Is the object of tho Sisters ot the Good
uks ni nrst. it is n curious fact that
oome portions of tho body may hecomo lm-
muno ami others not. Mr. Hcrhort II.
nmun, wbo Is n professional collector of
"meets, eaicnes bees nnd wnsps in his not
and removes tbem with his thumb nml fr.ro.
finger. In tils case tho forefincer is ntnnt.
o often that it has, become thoroughly
...nullum nuu stings npnn this linger pro-
'"k; mi eneci, mil it ho in stung on tho
naci; ot the neck, or in boiho other part of
the body, tho sensation Is as painful aa it
.mi uniimer person.
Nililvrn ltari'1)' 'iiuni D.-iith.
Authentic cases of denth from spider bite
iiu lain, iiimougll IMKCS reported In the
newspapers aro of almost ki,i,.
rencr. I havo Investigated moro than 100
niicn ropnrts in tho United Stntcs In the
past ten years. In many cases tho ro-
ported facta were entirely erroneous' In
the majority of cases no spider wns seen
to indict the bite; thero wero nlmimi nr.
caseo In which the spider was seen to bit
nnd wob saved for examination. Some
years ago a baby sleeping in a (ra,n t n
Connecticut town was bitten unon h n
by a spider known ns Latrodectus Mac-
lans ana died as a result of tho bite. A
laboring man In South Carolina In tho
ran yus uioa, eitner.ns n result from the
bite of a spider of tho same species or sk u
result of the largo doseo of whisky which
were given to him ns a remedy. Tho Inttrr
explanation Is the wore probable ono.
This Latrodectus Is not ono of our laryt
spiders, it Is glistening black in color
mid n llttlo larger thau a largo pea. it Is
usually marked on the under side with r.
rra spot, it is the most dangerous sptler
hich qurs m tno tinned btntos. but Its
rangs are so weak that It cannot penotrnte
iur I.MH in parts or tno body that are
ordinarily exposed. If by chanre. how-
eer. It bites a particularly sensitive, thin
iiuum pvmon or tno oouy wnicn is cspo-
daily well provided with blood vessels the
results nro likely to be painful and serious.
Thj spider occurs under old logs and rub-
IiIfIi nnd Is occnslonnlly found In out-
houses. It Is rather common In the south
west, and extends In small numbers north-
eastward to New England.
I havo been unable to authenticate a
slnztr Instance of death from the bite of
the largo spldes known as tarantulas, al-
though circumstantially "reported cases are
frcnuctit In tho newapapers. These stories
usually tell how tho tarantulas have be?n
Imported with bananas or other tropical
fruit. A good example appeared In a dally
paper published Iri a large western city
two years neo. The scare headlines read'
"In two weeks three men have died from
inn biles of tarantulas and another had to
havo his arm amputated. All were Sicilians
nn,i received their doatn wouncia in me
gtcamins rooms of fruit houses." Tne
exact localities were given. I had tho
matter examined with great care by a
Bclnntlflo friend resident In that city and
he found after thorough examination that
thero wns no truth whatever In tho nows-
paper statement.
ivi.n iinun Arc Diumrroii
. . h ,.. gCVCre
wth thclr bc(lk9. Somo 0f them
r . t hut tho
' ,3"..,,,. ncPaionally
fo3W Ul0 ,;lt0 ot m03t ot lhem are duo to
j lh()t lher b)jak nave previously
,erlcd Into somo dead or decaying
. ft , thnl tho RCrms of
nutrofRCtlon nro thus carried Into tho
!, .,,, i, the explanation of
... authentic cases of
' ....,,.- following the btto of tho
B0.callcd kissing bugs. The largo aquatic
.,' ..,,., . Pr,nt vrars has become
knw n8 tho "electric light bug" has a
. . k an i raay Inflict n severe
m.nH vhnn ncnut OUBlV nanaiea. oeriuuo
rcsujtB however, aro not known to follow,
., . ' nl.ntnu. nredaccous bug known
lV, ,,.i,i hnj'" mav kIvo a severe
,..nil ,lmier similar conditions, nnd
(;nvcri many years ngo, reported n serious
SWelllng Of his band and a BUDBi-iiuuuv.
8i0URhing off of tho skin and superficial
t,,gucB 0( tho ball of his thumb as a result
from tno 0f this Insect.
Thero Is a little group of rnterplllars
nr.r,i with sham hairs which will plcrco
back caterpillars nnd the caterpillar of ho
lIo, or "corn emperor" moth. The Irritation
produced by theso creatures Is sometimes
ns severo ob tho severest cases of po soning
from nettles. I havo seen the hand I of a
young woman swollen to twice Its normal
. "using great pain In coneequence - of
being Btung. Tho president o a nPt
college In tho west wro o last year 'that
of these catcrplllnrs accidentally
ono
touched his wrist and "for eight hours the
tialn wns excruciating and could not bo
nlinvnd liv nnv treatment. It could be
?' " . T" . ,n,,rn. r of
S0.cnIlc(l brown-tnlled moth, a recent
mporlatlon ,rom Europe which exists In
m,;nbcrs nbout Boston, has this peculiar
nllnIlty ftn(1 tho laborers engaged by tho
0ypgy Moth commission were frequently
Btung t,y theso caterpillars during me sum-
racr ot wlth painful effects. Then,
aKnin tho so-called blister beetles, of
which thoro nro many Bpeclcs In this coun-
try, aro occasionally the cause of a bllster-
ii?' noison. When ono of these Insects
nllnhts on tho back of one's neck tho first
impulse la to brush It oft nnd It frequently
gets crushed, In which case tno mistering
effect of Its Juices Is very marKea
Ncorplona nml Ontlpede
Thero , 1tUe iaager from centipedes and
vcrsil, belief to the contrary, a scorpion's
atlng Is no more dangerous than that of a
bc Rml oftcn tho ettcct U no worse
than tbat of tbo prck of a pin. Down
, Mexlc(ii boweVer. nnd especially in the
state of Durango, thero Is a scorpion gen
erally known as tho Durango scorpion,
which Is much feared. Tho stories about
even this creature, howover, aro generally
exaggerated, and Dr. Edward Palmer, who
has lived In that state, says that he has
known but ono death to result from the
uHnir nf this creature, and that was ot a
young woman who was In very bad health
nt tho time. In tho same way stories
about contlpodes are also exaggerated. We
havo no dnngerous species In tho United
States. Tho tropical ocntlpcdes bite with
their roaxllllpeds and possess poison glands.
Tho old storlea that they exude poison
from tho tips of their sharp claws and
lc&ve n trail like fire when they walk over
tho skin of a human being nre entlroly
false. Their bite Is poisonous, but the
result Is not serious,
I" Central America nnd among tho Mexl
cans in Texas, Now Mexico, Arizona and
aoutheru California many harmless Insects
are gtnerally considered poisonous. This
ls duo to a special cause. It arises from
tQe fact that tho blood of these people Is
80 vitiated by unclean diseases that an ln-
significant blto or scratch Is apt to bring
on blood poisoning, followed by serious re
sults
MIKKUHS COXVB.NT TO STAGE.
.Htriumc I'roccertliiK of Jninm O'.Vrlll'.
i....iii.u- u'n.,.
Thero has been a flight of young women
"from society to the stage." but now comes
tho more Interesting story, vouched for by
tho New York Herald, of a successful
actress abandoning a dramatic enreer when
It held out to her Its most potent attrnc
Shepherd
Thoso who havo witnessed Mil Jamos
O'Nclll'a popular productions will no doubt
remember Miss Grace Haven (Grace Mid-
dleton In everyday life), who was his lead
lnc ladv for several vears. Sho nhowed her
solf an actress of force aud versatility.
with a most chnrmlag personality. She was
everywhere a favorlto with her audiences
Just when ovcrytnlug seemed most promts
lS for her greater success on the stage
6'1C abandoned It nnd went homo to her
mother, who lives In Daytou, O
This seemed n strango proceeding to thoeo
wh0 wero ,rtflllctlnR 8 starring future for
., uuv iua wuimor kio wuou
offors from managers to Induco her to re-
turn 10 tho 8,nC wcrc kindly but none the
1 nrraiy uuciincu. ine explanation ioi-
Iowe(1 'n announcement to her friends
of ,ar ,leclslon t0 abandon, not only thc-
ntrlcal life, but the world, and enter upon
a religious life
M,ss llaven was educated In a New York
e"vonl school, and, although sho chose n
dramatic career after graduating, all
through hor life on the stage she has been
""ted for her undevlntlng attention to her
religious duties, somo tlmo ago she applied
,0 tho mothor superior of tho Convent of
t' c00 Shepherd at Carthage, near Cln
clnnatl, 0., for admission ns a postulant In
that order. It Is one of the cloistered
communities of the Ftoman Catholic church
and Its members devote themselves to tho
special work of reforming womon committed
to their care, either by the state or their
relatives. Their success In this dlroctlon
Is well known all over tho world. The life
Is hard nnd trying add only women o
norole mold select It.
Miss Haven's application was acted on
favorably and last week she said good
bvo to her relatives an inH.,. .in.i
ind entered the convent, to which the most
jolemn vows will hereafter bind her.
BIG PROFITS FOR FARMERS
Buiinui Methods in Farming, as Practiced
bj a Millloialr Farmer.
MADE HIS START ON A IO0-ACRE FARM
Thrrr In Money In Aurlpnltnrr for the
Mnn Who hpii IIU llrnln
lion- o (Jet (Inocl
I'nrni Hesnlts.
No roan is entitled to a serious hearing
on the subject of farming unless he proves
his faith by his works, says S. V. Allerton
In tho Saturday Evening Post. "Uo you
run k farm yourself and do you tnnko It
pay?" are the questions to be put to every
man who has any advice to offer about
farming. It he can't answer yes to both
these questions his talk Is mere theory and
not worth listening to. If theorizing would
raise crops we should have to go to col
lege classrooms Instead ot to the Holds
for grain on which to feed the world; but
It wont, and there ls no use In giving se
rious attention to any talk on this subject
that Is not backed up by sound results, ot
a broad, practical sort, which have boeu
personally obtained by the man matting the
suggestions
First, then, I shall give a reason for the
faith that Is in me, and shall state some-
blng of my experience ns n farmer, before
ask any reader to accept my statements
and give them any weight or practlcu con
sldiratlon. My system of farms contains
something moro than 4i,C00 acres under
careful cultivation and an equal amount In
grass. These, It should bo understood, are
not ranches, but farms. The farmhouses
covered by Insurance number about Boventy.
While these farms are, In one sonse, man'
aged at long range, they are "personally
conducted," ob the tourists say. The entire
system centers right here In my Chicago
offlco, nnd every crop Is an much under my
personal direction aa If I followed the
plow, seeded the land and went Into the
harvest field myself.
So much for the question of practical
personnl experience In farming on a large
scale.
KnnnliiB- Mint Pnit l.nrgc 1)1 vldemU
Now about the results. Does my farming
nay? Yes. And well, too. For tho sake
of dcfinltcncsB I can say that In one year,
from a farm of 3,600 acres, I have made a
net profit of 137.000. This tract of land
cost mo but $70,000. It was bought nt n
lime when fnlth In form values was low
nnd when the young men of that region, at
least, were In a hurry to get away rrom
tho farms Into the big cities, whoro tbey
would have a fair chance to make their
fortunes
vVhothor there Is n good, big future In
farming enough to satisfy any young tr.sn
-ith a healthy ambition to get to tho frcn
nnd have n fortune Is well answered by tho
fact that qulto recently three fnrmers In
central Illinois left, nt their dc.xth. for
tunes of more than $3,000,000 each. This
wealth was made In farming.
In tho Fame general region I can find
Biorcs of farmers who nre worth from $100,
000 to $300,000. These nre the straws which
go to show that farming can bo made to
pay on n big as well as a small scale, and
that It offers a satisfactory field of opera
tlon tor the millionaire as well as the
thrifty Immigrant
How can a large Bystem of farms, scat
tercd over thrco states, be. managed from
an office. in a big city? By system. Lack
of system ls the curse of the average
farmer. Ho may, and generally does, prac
tlce all manner ot petty and exacting econ
omles, but he will never do things on a
large scale until he systematizes his entire
schemo of operation. This means that he
puts his economies and his activities on an
automatic basis. Once established, they go
on with their work In a mechanical way
leaving tho man at the bead free to do the
thtnklng for the enterprise In o big way If
ho ls capable ot It.
Telephone an Imnortnnt Factor.
One ot tho most Important things In run
nlng a string ot farms is the long-distance
telephone. It would bo almost lmposslbl
to do farming on the syndicate plan with
out this means of quick communication
Suppose thero is a sudden bulge In tho mar
ket tor corn, wheat, hogs, sheep or cattle,
By tho telephone I enn Instantly discuss
shipments with tho foreman of every ono o
the farms. This ability to movo produce Into
tbo market on quick notice and thus get
the benefit of a high figure means thousands
of dollars In additional profits each year to
tho man who has a large number of farms
under Ills control.
Chicago Is the center of the grain and
llvo stock trade of this country, and the ad
vantage of being situated right here where
tho world's prices are made ls great. Of
courso we have a man who ls at tho stock
yards alt the time, keeping a close eyo on
the prices, and buying or selling as our
needs and advantago dictate.
Another end served by this nulck com
munlcatlon from one central metropolitan
omco is tbat of having a means of meet
ing crop exigencies duo to sudden and
radical change of weather. Tho man In
Chicago, only a block or two distant trom
the Auditorium tower, Is closer to th
Bourco of tho weather Bupply than the ma
out on tho farm. The latter knows only
wnetner it is locally foul or fair for th
moment, but here thero is a chance to chat
with Old Probabilities and thus to secure
a better guess as to future conditions o
drought or rain, wind or calm. Tho dlf
ference of a day In putting In a crop some
times dotermineH tho success or failure o
tho yield. So as to the time for harvest
ing.
Then this centralization of control In an
omco in a big market city gives a dlstlnc
advantage in securing quick shipping faclll
ties. nen It becomes necessary to act
largo amount of produce Into the market
on short notice, In order to secure th
benefit of temporary high prices, things
can bo accomplished by tho large shipper
tnat could not bo dono by the small farmer,
He can go, without tho loss of a moment
time, to the general trolght agent or other
railroad official, and negotiate directly and
personally for 8110181 facilities out of reach
of the man on tho farm. All theso things
count wnen tno balance is struck
Again, the system I havo outlined makes
possible largo economies in buying.
stands to reason that the man who buy
binding twine for the harvesting machines
on fifty fairos can secure a lower figure
than one purchasing for a single farm
This applies to every kind of supply use
in rarm operations.
One of the II In Problem.
One of the biggest problems of farm man
ageraent Is, of course, the distribution o
crops. Whenever this question comes up
among farmers there Is always a great
deal ot wiso taiK about "crop rotation
Sift this down to the bottom and It will be
found, In most cases, that farmers under
Btand this term to mean sawing a field for
oats one year and wheat the next alter
nnttng these crops Indefinitely year afte
year. Here Is where the chief mistake
made. They do not make provision for
giving their ground a chance for rost nnd
enrichment. They do not plan to return
anything to the soil, Every field used for
wheat, corn and oats should have a sea
son's rest once every threo or four years,
Give each field a chance to serve as nas
ture land as frequently an this, and It will
pay big returns In rich and heavy yield
Managed on this plan, by a man who hs
any knack as a corn raiser, any nvejage
Illinois or Nebraska field should yield from
eventy-flve to 100 bushels of corn to the
acre.
About thirty years ago I began farming
n a tract of 100 acres on the banks of
Seneca lake, In Now 'York. In threo years
saed $3,200 from the farm nnd had a
good living besides. It wns there that I
emoustrated the principle of the rotation
plan which I havo slnco followed on a
argcr scale. From tbat time until the
resent I have been constantly buying
farms and operating them and have yet to
make tho first unprofitable Investment.
This ls why I have llttlo patience with the
man who, under nvorage conditions, do-
lares that thero ls'"nothlng In farming."
Men who talk In this strain are those who
are satisfied to get a yield of thirty-five
bushels ot corn or onts to the acre, wheu
they should know that ihelr management
s at fault If they fall to produce an aver-
ago of less than seventy bushels of cither
to the acre.
Proper Allotment of a I'nrni.
Here ls my allotment for a farm ot 160
acres: Ten acres for buildings, garden
patch and a field ot mangel-wurzel beets;
Ixty acres for pasture, sixty acrca for
corn, thirty acres for oats, In tho second
car these crops should be rhlfted, pasture
and grass lands being turned over for
creals. The beets should be fed to sheep
and hogs nnd as much will be realized trom
tho sale of wool, lambs and hogs, under this
system, as would otherwise be secured from
tho entire product of the farm.
Tho showing made by an intelligent fal
lowing of this plan should bc fully as good
as this:
From sale of wooi..... $100
From sale of lambs. .
From sale of hogs i, &0O
From sale of coin 900
From (mlu of oats. 20U
$2,200
This allows for feeding 1.B00 bushels of
corn out of a crop of 4,f.OO bushels; the corn
being figured nt 30 cents a bushel, nnd tho
yl"Id nt seventy-five bushels an ncre. The
number ot lnmbs In this estimate Is 109 and
hogs fifty. Placing tho farmer's outlay for
expenses at $700, this leaves him jl.SCO
clear. I believe this to bo a very conserva
tive eetlmntc of what any good fnrm may
bo made to pay, for I have generally ex
ceeded this flguro In the net results of
my farming,
On the 3,C00-acro farm, to which I havo
alluded, the allotment followed ls this:
1,800 acres In corn, POO acres In rye or oats
nnd tho remainder In pasture. We keep
350 cattle and sell . from ? 8,000 to $10,000
worth of hogs.
Kach farm has Its foreman, whose duty
consists In seeing tbnt tho ceiitral orucu
Is nlwjys Intelligently Informed of all local
conditions nnd affairs nnd that nrderR nro
promptly and efficiently enrricd out. All the
expenses nre paid by draft through the
local bank. This transfers the detail book
keeping to the central offlce and relieves
tho head farmor of clerical burdens. His
only caro In this particular Is to sco that
ho has a proper oucher for every Item
of expense and that this voucher Is for
warded In the regular routine of business.
How to (ift t.notl Workers.
Thero Is no difficulty In getting goad fore
men and good hands so long as they are
given tho right kind of a chance to make
something for themselves nnd to live In
comfort. The foreman of my largest farm
ls worth $16,000 and lives In a degree of
comfort that somo city men who make nl
most that amount ovcry year can't provide
from their Incomes.
First of all, tho houses are kept In good
repair and especial attention Is paid to tho
kitchen. Everything within humnn reason
tbat can bo dono to make tho houses con
vcnlent for the wives of tho farmers Is
done. Then each family ls furnished with
a certain number ot cowr. If these yield
moro butter than' Is required tor the house
hold the farmer Is freo'to sell the surplus.
The wives and children of the men who run
these farms are given all tho poultry they
raise. Theso privileges are appreciated,
and go to make the foreman, the hands
and tho tenants, together with their fam
ilies, contented with their lot and eager to
keep their places.
Orchards aro planted on these farms, to
gether with small fruits, and thero Is every
encouragement to havo large gardens and
to kenp them in good condition. Men who
aro well fed, having n tempting variety of
the delicacies of the season, will thrive and
work well whero a plain nnd monotonous
bill of fare would produce grumbling, dis
content and a constant chango of help.
There Is not n farm In tho whole system
that hasn't In Its equipment an extension
top buggy, and some hnve more than one,
according to the number of young men cm-
ployed. The horses which arc driven bo
hind theso carriages aro equal to tho ones
owned by the sons of neighboring farmers
who work their places Instead of being In
tho employ of a "Chicago capitalist." Here
is another instnnco In which small expense
and a llttlo thoughtfulncss work large re
suits In loyalty and contentment.
Quito as Important to the welfare of the
employes and tho tenants of the farms as
orchards, gardens, dairies, poultry nnd top
buggies, are good district schools. If there
ls not a "little red school house" on or very
near a farm that comes Into ray possession
I sco to It that tho authorities are offered a
gift of ample ground on which to build one,
On one occasion, after repeatedly pressing
an offer of this kind, my foreman was
asked:
"Why ls that capitalist boss of yours so
anxioua to build a brick echool house? It
will simply Increase hi own taxes, and he
will get no benefit from the Improvement
having no children hero to attend school.'
As the foreman wns n bright Irishman he
had a ready answer: "Because he thinks
more or your children and their chances in
lire tnan you do yourselves!"
ino school houso was put up on the
strength of that argument, and Is now well
filled nud helping to make good, Intelligent
citizens or tho children "who llvo In that ro
gion. Thero Isn't a more Important build
Ing on nny farm than tho little red school
nousc! Better get along with one less barn
or corn crib than leave this bit of archltec
ture out of the landscape.
The district school Is the salvation of
tnis country. It gives tho children of th
common people a chance for a good eduea
tlon, and that country which takes core of
mis class will keep at the front among th
nations.
XHW VOnifS SIMTK IIOISIJ,
One of the Moat furloua ItulliIliiKa
Ever Krrcteil,
It Is reported In New York that tho fa
mous "spite" house erected several years
ago by a man named rtlchardson Is to be
offered for sale, together with Its furniture
and Interior decorations, Thero Is not I
tho whole world a stranger house than thl
one, nor any that has a more curious his
lory. The mnn who built the house "out of
spite" is now dead, but his name still clings
to tho place, nnd It Is unlikely that It will
ever be known by any other name than the
"lllchardson Spite House."
lllchardson was n millionaire and he wa
also a miser. He began life as a bricklayer,
economized and saved money, in tlmo hi
savings wero Invested In houses nnd land
Tho land upon which Richardson built hi
"spite house" was the property of his wife
it was an absurd llttlo strip of land extend
Ing 104 feet nlong Lexington avenue and
only fivo feet on the side street. Eighteen
years ago ono Heyman Sarner, a clothier
wished to build a block of apartment houses
on the side street, adjoining the little strip
oi iand owned Dy Mrs, Kicnardson. He de
sired a front on the avenue and approaching
tne uicnnrdsons offered $1,000 for the ruler
shaped bit of land. One thousand dollars
Mt&m Uneeda Jinjer I
was a good price for the property It was
not worth n cent more.
"Oh, no," said lllchardson, "but we'll sell
It to you for $5,000 not a cent 1bs."
Snrncr declined to pay more than his or
iginal offer and said he'd manngo to get
long without a Lexington nvenuo entrance.
Richardson brooded over the matter
while and then made plans for "getting
even." He would build n house ot somo
sort on that land even If It wero unln
hnbltable. Just so he could keep the light
from Sarncr'a windows. Ho built the houso
nnd grntlflcd his Bplte. Then be went to
llvo In they house with his family. Thero
ho afterward died.
Tho houso Is the queerest dwelling Imag
inable. It looks like a bicycle case set on
end. It extends the full 101 feet on the nve
nuo nnd ls nowhere over sixty Inches wide.
t contnlns nnrrow llttlo casemcnt-llko
rooms, with furniture built especlnlly for
tho pigmy apartments. Tho stairways aro
ns cramped as one enn possibly Imagine. It
s Impossible for two persons to pass In tho
halls. To accompllbh such u passing one
of the two must step Into ono of tho rooms
on tho side. The table In tho dining room
Is eighteen tnehea wldo nnd the rest of tho
furniture la built In proportion.
Table and Kitchen
Practical Suagestlona About Food and
the Preparations of It.
Dnsty Meima.
THURSDAY.
BRKAKFAST.
l-Irult.
Cereal. Cream.
Plain Omelet Creamed Dried Beef.
German Fried Potatoes.
Rolls. Coffee.
LUNCH.
Crab Salad. Potato Croquettes.
Cherry Pie. Cereal Coffee.
DINNKIt.
Clear Soup.
Roast Chicken, Brown Sauce.
Stewed Okrns nnd nice.
Stuffed Tomato Salad.
Fruit Tapioca. Coffee.
FRIDAY.
BREAKFAST.
Fruit.
Cereal. Cream.
Broiled Smoked Fish. Creamed Potatoes.
Drop Hiscuit. uonee.
LUNCH.
AsparngUB with liggs.
Strawberry Pancakes.
Cocoa.
DINNF.H.
Tomato Soup.
Planked Shnd. Cucumbers.
Mnshcd Potntoen. Spinach,
Lcttuco Salad.
Cottage Pudding. Lemon Sauce.
Coffee.
SATURDAY.
BRKAKFAST.
Fruit.
Cereal. Cream.
Codfish In Cream. Plain Boiled Potatoes,
corn uread. uonce.
LUNCH.
Club Sandwiches.
Boiled Rice. Fruit Compote.
Chocolate.
DINNER.
Cabbage Soup.
Broiled Steak. Mushed Potatoes.
Buttered Now Beets. New Turnips.
Lettuce.
Junket with Berries nnd Cream.
Coffee.
SUNDAY.
BREAKFAST.
Prune Toast. Whipped Cream.
Panned Tomatoes. Cream Sauce.
Milk Biscuit. Coffee.
DINNER.
Cream of Cauliflower Soup.
Breast of Lamb, Rolled and Roasted.
Boiled Rice. New Peas.
Tomato Mnyonntilsc.
Rhubarb Pudding. Cream.
Coffee.
SUPPER.
Jellied Chicken. Cucumbers,
Fruit. Little Tea Cdkes.
Cocoa.
.MEATS FOR THE SF.ASOX.
Lamb, Venl nml Sprlim CblrUen nnd
How to nerve Tlioin,
Fortunately or unfortunately for ub, we
are allowed unlimited Indulgence In tho
selection of our foods, and may humor our
fickle fancy to the fullest extent, until a
final day of reckoning may overtake us
for reckless Indulgence. There nro somo
few whose tastes do not vary materially
and whose appetites do not falter nnd
grow weary of certain kinds of foods. To
thom a restricted diet la no hardship, and
they aro satisfied If beef and potatoes con
stitute the principal features of their sus
tenance tho year round, bo long ob there
Is plenty of theso foods.
The samo clement of "divine discontent"
that rules tho actions of the typical Amer
ican Beems to govern the appetite as well,
and thero are few who do not desire that
tho "old order changcth" In tho sprlngtlmo
at least.
While nature has not to far yielded to
our humor as to produce a now meat, un
ices wo make an exception of Belgian hares,
there arc certain kinds of meats which cus
tom has adopted as best suited to tho
spring and early summer. These aro
lamb, veal and spring chicken, While wo
may very reasonably question tho wholo
somenens of very young lamb nnd veal,
the fact remains that both nre eaten In
vtmj&ndm&
Cocoa
Nutritive. Rcfrcshinc. Kconomi'cal in udc. A breakfast-
cupful of this delicious Cocrxi costs less than one cent
Sold at nil grocery at ores orrtor It nxt lime.
considerable quantities. No food In tho
first nnd undeveloped stages ls fit to bo
eaten, least of all animal, Veal should
be, of all meat ot young nntmals, well
grown and well fed on milk before It ls
used.
The meat should bo of a decidedly blight
nnd clear plnklfh color. If too undeveloped
It 1b decidedly Indigestible and often
causes great distress If eaten by children
and debilitated persons.
Added to this danger, we seldom find a
cook who realizes that all young meats
require very thorough cooking, especlnlly
veal. Well grown lamb may havo a faint
tlngo of pink In the center of tho roast,
but only when developed Into full grown
mutton Bhonld It havo that Btamp of skill
fully cooked Joint, tho "blush" that faintly
appears on tho carving of each Juicy sllco.
1 iiilrrilone Venl.
Veal, on tho other hand, must show not
tho faintest sign of color and should slice
very like tho white, well roasted meat of
turkey, rathor dry ond crumbly. This In
sures that the meat ls suitable for diges
tion nnd tbat tho cooking has been properly
done. As we hnve so often stated, It ls not
tho uso of nny substance provided for food
ot man, but the nbuso ot these pubstanens
that makes them harmful. While Homo
foods nro known to dlsngree with a largo
mnjorlty of people and Investigation proves
that It were better to eliminate thom from
our dietary. If facts gathered by authori
ties will not bo generally accepted and
many prefer to try Mark Twain's munh-
room test In order to satisfy thcmselvos of
the truth of the theories as regards them
selves, tho only alternative Is to work cn
tho theory that what is one man's poison Is
another man's meat, and that toadstools
may possibly agree with exceptional Indi
viduals If proporly cooked.
Therefore, If you will eat veal, select the
meat of well-grown calf and cook It thor
oughly. We must acknowledge that veal Is to ba
preferred aa 'a warm weather meat to the
flesh of tho' mature animal. It Is more
delicate In flavor, odor nnd moro Inviting
In appearance and may be prepared in mnny
ways If one finds the meat not unsuttcd for
their digestion.
Veal and lamb nro far from being cheap
meats, as they contain a very limited
amount of nutrition.
KeU-ctlnfr Venl.
Good veal Is slightly reddish or pink nnd
tho fat Is clear and white; veal that Is too
young or not In good condition ha6 very
little fat. As the meat In various parts of
the same animal differs In composition nnd
digestibility ns well ns flavor, It Is well
to understand which parta are best for
roasting and which for cooking by other
methods.
Tho leg, which generally Includes part of
tho Hank, Is used for cutlets aud roasts.
Tho loin for roasts and chops.
The flank separated from the leg Is nice
made Into a roll and baked or stewed. The
ribs under tho shoulder may be roasted,
but aro generally used for chops and stowa.
The breast Is best In stows, pot-pie and
for baking. Tho shoulder Is used for roast
ing or bnltcil dishes. Tho neck, which Is
really tho most nutritious part of tho ani
mal, may be used for brotha and stews.
The knuckle may bo UBcd In a stew, but
usually goes Into the stock pot when clear
white stock Is desired, whllo tho foot aro
used for Jelly.
Tho head ls utilized for soup, scallop
and head cheese.
The hind quarter of veal ls considered
tho choice cut.
Tho spring lamb proper, which Is from
six weeks to throe months old, Is simply
divided Into fore and hind quarters by a
middle cut, which leaves several ribs at
tached to tho hind quarter. This brings tho
highest price, as it gives the greatest
amount of meat, but the foro quarter or
shoulder Is superior In flavor. Lamb Is not
called mutton .until It ls a year old, and
Is sold ns lamb from spring until late win
ter. As the lamb grows older chops aro cut
from both fore and hind quarter, tho ter
mor nro called rib chops anij tho latter
loin chops or cutlets, as they nro taken
from tho leg.
Small sheep aro frequently dresned and
servrd as lamb, but the difference can read'
lly be dotcctcd by tho darker color of tho
meat, much smaller quantity ot fat nnd
whlto color and hardness ot the bencs,
those of young lamb being reddish nnd
rather' transparent. Tho flesh of prime
lamb has a delicate, rosy tint and thero ls
an abundance, of firm, whlto back and kid
ney fat. In the second quality of meat the
flesh Is darker nnd less firm, tho grain
coarser and fat less abundant and not so
white.
When the fn Is scarce and of yellowish
tint and tho loan moat soft and flabby, It
Is poor,
Do not buy spring lamb If you wish to
study economy cloiely, as It does not pay
to get a socond quality ond observing tho
rule, "the more fat the hotter tho moat,"
which holdB true of mutton as well ns
luAlb, you are paying for considerable
waste material. Mutton fat should not bo
thrown away, but Is not nvallable for cook
ing purposes. It Is excellent, however, for
many toilet purposes.
Roasting Venl- Remember thnt no meat
requires more careful nnd thorough cook
ing than veal. Hoast beef nnd mutton
should be served with na little condiment
ns possible, but veal requires conslderablo
seasoning to make It savory. To cook veal
sufficiently to render It perfectly dlgestl
blo requires n half hour to each pound.
Corn must bo taken that It doOB not burn
before It 1b done and It should be basted
often nnd be n bright, rich brown and
well glazed when It comes from the oven.
A moderate oven Is required.
Roasted Shoulder of Veal Stuff oil Have
your tmlcbcr remove bone from shoulder,
cut oft tho knuckle part, which may bo
used for Block with tho bones from tho
shoulder. Fill the cnvlty from which the
blade bono was taken with plain bread
stuffing, penRoned with Bait, pepper and
herbs, or a good veal forcemeat; fasten
well with skewers; dredge It with pepper
and Hour. Iny slices of pork or bits of nlco
beef BUet over It nnd roast In n moderately
hot oven half an hour to ench pound. Servo
with plain boiled macaroni and brown
Bauce, or a brown bbuco with fresh mush
rooms may be served.
Venl Stinting Put two cups nt coarse
bread crumbs Into a bowl, ndd two table
spoonsfuls of chopped parsley, two teaspoon
ful of powdered thyme and marjoram
mixed In equal quantities, n very llttlo
grated lemon, a teaspoouful of salt, sixth
of n tenspoonful of pepper nnd a quarter
of a tenspoonful of grated nutmeg. Mnlston
with melted butter or add n quarter of a
pound of finely minced suet. If suet Is
used bind tho dressing together with tho
yolks of two eggs.
Roast Lnmb Lamb requires to bo very
thoroughly cooked. A leg weighing four
or five pounds will tnko nn hour and n half.
When covered with tho skin It may be
rubbed thoroughly with salt, as the Julcoa
cannot draw out. Basto frequently nnd
half an hour before dono removo tho ekln
and drodgo tho meat with flour; sprlnklo
with a llttlo salt and brown nicely. Servo
with mint sauce.
"Strntcirj , Me Hoy, Sirnlosj'."
Clevolnnd Plain Dealer: The young man
atood before tho great steel magnnto, A
moment later the Inttcr looked up.
Ho Btarcd nt the rough clothing, tho mud
dled shoes nnd tho unkempt hnlr of tho
youth.
"Well?" ho sold.
Tho youthretolncd his prcsenco of mind.
Ho wanted a Job because ho needed It.
"Sir," ho snld, "I havo came "
Ho got no further. A smllo Irradiated
tho magnate's face.
"That's all right." ho snld; "tho Job Is
yours, 1 was afraid at first that you might
bo one of theso worthless college gradu
ates." And when tho youth, tho valedictorian of
his class and tho prldo of tho university,
again faced his mirror, be winked ex
pressively at his own reflection.
Oatmeal and bulled
cracked grains, if
cooked for at least
four hours, nre not
harmful.
You have n't the timet
'rrennred foods, to be
henlthful. aliauld be
cooked 3 or 3 hours.
Von bare n't the timet
Granola
ie thoroughly cooked by
us nnd sterilized. The
starch In the grotn has
been turned to dextrine
nnd true mgar (predicat
ed.) You havo n't tht ting I
Hvery pack.-igeof genuine
Granola bears n picture
of the llattte Creek Sani
tarium, lleware of Imita
tions. If your grocer
offer you something else,
You have n't Ihe timet
Drink Caramel Cereal and
aleep well. Send jc tor
Granola sample to
Bottle Creek
Sanitarium Foot Co.
Bottle Creek, Mich.
A
Fine Pleasure Vehicles
Tho "HUCKHVH Olt.VDE."
innnttfnctui'cd by tho Huckoye
UiiKy Co., Columbus, Ohio.
Tho "WOOIJHU.L tSHADR,"
intulo by Morris Woodliull, liny,
ton. Ohio.
Comprising un uniinrullelcd lino
of ciU'rluKes, depot wnfcoiiH, rock
nwnyH, traps, KtnnliopoH, run
abouts, blko wngoiiH, etc.
Wo nro In position to Interest
you In QUALITY mid IMUOB.
Kingman
Implement Porrcpany,
Corner llltli unci I'nrnuiii Sta.
II.MAIIA,
riSPP" MCDICAL ADViOE. Write u
rn" nil your symptoms, ltenovatlngtbo
ryitom Is tho only safe ond sure method of cur
ing all Chronlo L)Ueas. Dr. If ay's Jtonovalor
l tho only perfect Bj'stfm ronovator. Kreesam
Vlea and book. Dr. U. J, Kay, Saratoga, N.
t