THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SA'tTTtUAY, DECEMBER 20, 1000. V ( V V IN THE FIELD OF ELECTRICITY Old and How Motivo Powers Train for a Fight in Now England. 'LIMIT OF STEAM POWER REACHED Itrc-nt TmU of Ulrctrlelty In Hie Petrification of Sevrime I'rnKrca and Inipror rmrnl ut Vnrloun Places. Companies operating electric lines In New Englnnd states aro steadily on crouching on tho business preserves of steam railroads. Eipanson of their traffic Is now held In check by charter limita tions and tho railroads energetically hold them vrlthln bounds. Preparations for a desperate light of theso tralUc corporations are on In Connecticut, tho bnttle to be fought to a finish In tho legislature. Nearly all of tho electric roads havo peti tions for expansions to their property and counter-petitions from opposing corpora tions nro already being advertised In tho stato papers. Tho avalancho of now busi ness will not bo confined to tho electric rnadi', but electric lighting franchises, gas, and ovon telephone rights will bo 'asked for In extraordinary number. The flnnnclal success of tho resident nnd established concerns cngngrd In tho lines mentioned has evidently been such as to warrant competition by now corporations, nnd In almost ocry lino of public business enter prise thcro Is cvldenco nt this date of ro markablo nctlvlty from nowcomers In tho field. Thi electrical development of tho stato through tho petitions of the old nnd new companies In tho next loglslaturo will un (TucBtU.nnbly provo ono of tho most Inter esting periods In the history of electrical progress In Connecticut. Whllo electrical development has been Into In tho Nutmeg ntatc, dating back hardly moro than eight years, It has grown rapidly in that short tlmo nnd Is fnst becoming n formidable fac tor In tho business conditions of Connecti cut. Klevcn years ago there were fifteen horse railroads in Connecticut nnd their totol mtlcago was but u llttlo over 100 miles. To day thero nro thlrty-thrco separate cor porations of tho kind In tho stato mid theso havo absorbed In ton years sorr.o fifty smaller enterprises that sprang tip In tho largo cities nnd suburbs of largo cities and were organized to soil out to tho con trolling corporation. Krom a meager mlle- 8 go extending only In nnd about tho large cities tho olectrio road truckage, of Con necticut today has Increased to f00 miles and tho thickly settled portions of tho stato nro literally grldlroned by tho trol ley. Nlrnm Vermin Klectrlelt)-. A paper on "Tho Supersession of tho Btcnm by tho Kloctrlu Locomotive" wns rend beforo the Ilritlsh Institution of Bice.- trlcal Engineers last month by Mr. Lang don of Derby. Therein It wnB noted that bPtwoen Loudon and Bedford, n dlstnnco uf fifty miles,. tlio'ftvcrnKe number of through trains an hour' Is fourloen. Mr. Langdon's estimate of tho cost of operating them by Htcnm was 8.013 pence a train mile, nnd 7.021 pence by electricity, a dlfforonco of nearly i cents n train mile. In tho en suing discussion two or threo engineers questioned tho wisdom of concentrating tho power plant nt ono point, as tho gentle man from Derby proposed, but no ono ills pitted his main proposition thnt tho chango would provo economical, indeed, .Mr. Tar pons, tho Inventor of tho steam turbine, ro mtfrkod' that- -Mr. Langdoaihsd undercut! mated, rather than overestimated., tho wastefulness of tho present system. In cidentally, Mr. l'arsons expressed tho opinion that n single power station wns prefornblo to n number of them, hecauso It would ndtnit of refinements of manage ment nnd machinery not otherwise attain able. Another contributor to tho discus Ion, Major Crorapton, remarked that the vtcnra locomotlvo has now practically reached tho limit of its development. Tho boiler ennnot bo enlarged without Intor forlng with tho driving wheels, whereas no restriction nied bo plnccd on tho supply of electric power, Inasmuch as every axlo may bo madn n driver. Kleetrlelty im n Pnrltler. Another Invention for purifying sowngo by electricity 1b descrlbod.ln a recent Issuo of tho Newark Dally Advertiser In tho follow log untechntcnl mnnncr: "Tho sewngo of a city can bo turned Into rocolving tanks whero, by screens, tho heavier parts uro separated. The lluld then passes Into n sec ond tank, which Is filled with electrodes of mnnganeso nnd dloxldo with a llttlo nluml num. Those electrodes nro sot sldo by side about threo Inches apart, nnd havo openings In tho side through which tho sowngo flows When tho tank Is filled a forro of nbout 110 Volts of electricity Is turned Into tho elec trodes, and tho process of flovltnltzlng bo gins. All tho Impurities rlso to tho surface nnd form n thick scum. This separation of the noxious elements In tho wator Is brought nbout, tho Inventor says, by tho action o tho electricity on tho oxygen nnd hydrogen gases of which it Is romposod. Tho effect produced In tho fow minutes tho current was turned on was certainly surprising. Tho water seemed to boll, first turning white ns milk, and then n dingy brown. Tho scum formed quickly and soon assumed tho con etstoncy of putty. There Is no sediment, nil tho Impurities being driven to tho surface, The wnter Is then slowly drawn off nnd turned Into tho river, or can bo stored In reservoirs for uso In extinguishing fires or sprinkling tho streets, thereby saving an enormous wnsto of clear spring water. The rofuso Is then removed from tho tank and put Into n 'digester,' from which It parson through n steam worm to n receiver, and becomes clear ammonia of much strength This In turn Is evaporated by steam nnd bo comes ammonium salts, which Is worth to day $56 n ton, with a limited supply. Th coarser matter Is converted In still a third receptacle Into a lino odorless powder, which it Is claimed Is tho finest fertilizer known Tho Inventor assorts that nfter ttui Instal latlon of a plant tho works will pay for themselves, and an endless supply of tilth crto wasted water will bo at tho dlsposa of tho city using It." Telephone In .New York. "During tho ton months from January to October 1, 1500," says tho Electrical World and Engineer, "tho New York (Hell Telephono company mndo tho remarkaM gain of over 12,600 tolephouo stations, o which about 10,500 wero added In Mnnhat tan and Tho Uronx and tho remainder I Its Westchester division. If tho present rate of growth continues, nnd thero every reason to bollovo that It will, at the end of tho present year tho company will havo a total of not loss than (10,000 uta tlons, of which nbout 55,000 will bo Manhattan nnd The Ilronx and nbout 6,000 In the Westchester division. This will be net Increase of 16,800 stations in the yea or 40 per cent of tho system ns it stood at the beginning of 1000. Whllo making this Increase In the uuinber of telephono users, the Now York Telephono company has been engnged In converting Its metro polltan system from nii'f'ncto to relay work Ing, Involving tho reconstruction of tho exchanges nnd tho substitution of tho common battery Instruments for tho mag ncto equipment at h1 subscribers' stn tlons. At tho end of tho year only tw exchanges, Cortlnndt and Franklin, will remain on tho magneto plnu nnd tho new relay exchanges for theso districts will probably be completed before July 1, 1301 During tho year eight new oxclmuges havo been opened In Tho Ilronx nnd tho West chester division. Wlnd-llrcorilliiK tinrittt .n apparatus for recording clgh' direc tions of the wind has been adopted nt tho Agricultural college of Berlin. A current- distribute! follows tho movements of the ano. This distributer consists of a platl num sector of 135 degrees, turning on a vertical axN over four platinum contacts, connected with four cloctro-magnets. Tho axis Is joined to tho polo ol an accumula tor-cell. Electro-magnets arc arranged In two pairs corresponding to tho wind dl rectlona, north-south, east-west. In front of each pair swings a pendulum provided with an oil damper A deflection In tho ono ncndulum to tho left means north wind, to tho right, south wind; the Uc llectluns of tho other pair Indicate east and wot winds and tho combinations of the two simultaneous movements gives the thcr directions. Pens aro attached to tho nds of tho pendulums and draw parallel curves on a papor tape, wntcn is puiteu ownwards by a small weight. If a con tinuous record Is desired the return 'from tho four electro-magnets Is taken directly back to the other polo of tho coll. At Ber lin a rolay Is Interposed wIiobo circuit Is by means of clockwork, which also releases tho tape, energized overy three -minutes Thus twenty wind-records may be obtained In an hour. Klrct rlf Inn .Hmokr. Smoko, In tho form of a black fog, Is In deed not merely an Intolerable nuisance, but a waste, sluco It comes of unburnt car ben. Although It cannot bo deulcd thnt the mechanical engineer has dono much to effect tho more thorough combustion of fuel nd that a multitude of "Bmoko-consum ng" appliances aro In tho market, yet tho fact remains that tho only real effectual heck against tho pollution of tho atmos phcro Is tho use of smokeless coal, Elcc rlcol science, however, which seems lu fu uro designed to Influcnco every branch of human activity, hero steps In with a sug gested remedy of quite a new chnractor, The characteristic London fog Is, as wo most of us havo reason to know, com pounded chiefly of soot. A number of ex pertinents apparently possessing no rein Hon to tho matter has led to tho discovery that theso particles will become electrified by Induced electricity through nn electric cunent of a high dlschargo rate, when thoy nro attracted by each other, cling to gethcr nnd nro preclpltuted to tho ground t Is suggested, therefore, thnt nn electrical rcclpltntlng plant should bo placed on or car tho mouth of every factory chimney, Not only would the atmosphero bo cleaner, but tho manufacturer would havo tho satis faction of recovering fuel thnt would 'other wise bo lost to him I'mRrmi In Jniinn Tho utilization of both tho telegraph and telephono on tho state railways of Japan has been quite rapid nnd tho dovelopmont n this respect Is equal to that occurring tho regulur commercial service. Tho last annual report, received recently, has n Interesting diagram of tho different lines howlng tho vnrlous stations on tho lines of tho Imperial government railways and numerates the telegraph, telephono and block-signal systems In detail. Altogether tho nlnety-flvo points on tho railway wero quipped. It would appear, as follows: Flvo had telegrnph Instruments only: thirty Ight had telegraph nnd block-signaling np pnratus; ono had block-signaling only: ton had telegraph, telephone nnd block-signal Ing apparatus; four of tho stations wero equipped only with tolophones., Ono fea ture to noto Is that at llfty-four of tho stations tho government accepted telo- grams for transmission from tho public, Tho total telegraphic tralUc for tho last year reported was 2.773, 7liG. messages, of which 41504 wero from tha -public,, tho others' being On service. It would appear thnt tho total length of lino of 'tho lmp'orlal railways open to March, 1850, was 718 miles, or 1,010 miles of single track, the gaugo of which Is Mated to bo three feet six Inches. I'lmrr Trnnnmlttcil !.') Allien. Tho power transmission lino between Sno- qualmlo falls and Seattle, Wash., has been looped to mako a circuit moro than 150 miles long, nnd power has boon success fully transmitted over this great distance with the commercial apparatus at hand. Whllo this cxporlmont may havo no Im mcdlnto result In practice, It Is of deep In terest ns showing tho possibilities of elec trical power transmission with modern np- paratus and under present-day conditions Kvery such demonstration on a practical scale Is another stop toward tho general distribution of tho power of cataracts and other natural sources to cities within a considerable radius. It has often been asked If It Is, today, practicable to trans mit Niagara Fnlls power to New York City, Tho proposition to do so would Involve no great dlftlcultics not already conquered by electrical engineers, but such a trans mission would havo to compete with tho alrcndy established transmission of power In the form of coal hauled from tho fields of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In tho present stato of tho nrt and of tho coal market It would not bo expedient to attempt to furnish electrical power In New- York from Niagara, but, should tho ability to transmit large powers to great distances economically come with greater advance o electrical engineering, thou the question may recclvo another nnswor. Neiv I'lionoKrunli A New Orleans electrician says life has Invented n phonograph without a cyllndc or diaphragm, a phonograph that slmnlv strings Its record on a piano wlro as you migut uio so ninny written, sheets of paper, When you talk over a telephono the vlbra tlons of your voleo send out a series of doltcato electric waves. In tho new ma cnino a iciepnono is connected with an electro-magnet, which Is excited by th llttlo waves ns they travol through It ii: Infinitely rapid succession nnd nt tho same tlmo a long plcco of piano wlro is drawn past Its two poles, very near, but not touching. This magnetizes tho wlro, but ns the magnet Itself Is continually varying in power owing to the vibrations, thero Is a corresponding variation In tho effect It produces. That Is, tho wlro is magnetized In different degrees all along its length as If It wero divided into millions of very thin discs, each of a scparato magnetic power. These discs nro the record. For reproduction a mild olectrlc current Is sent through tho magnet and the same wlro la again passed In front of tho poles. Tho Irregularly magnetized wlro breaks the current Into oxnetly tho same kind of waves that wero originally sent out from tho telephone, and when an ordlnnry re ceiver Is connocted with It you hear a re production of the voice, Just as you now hear It over tho telephone. Current Nolm, Telephone franchises In Itussla wero sold at auction recently. The St. Petersburg local 'government got tho contract for tho cznr H famous capital nnd will supply tho scrvlco for 27,50 for each subscriber. "Telephono ear". Is the latest. It has struck Chlcngo with virulence nnd In con sequence there is much complnlnlng of deafness among perrons whoso dally duties require frequent uso of the machine that conveys nrtlculato speech, Tho United States Lighthouse board la making an effort to secure nil appropria tion to equip msvcriil lightship and light houses with wireless telegraphy or tele phony. Tho board believes that the uc cess of tho system bin been so fully ile. monstrated nn to Indicate that It would be Invaluable In communication between lightships and tho slmro, resulting some times In saving life. It Is proposed to In troduce tho system gradually and an ap propriation of $25,0(0 Is wanted for n be ginning. A novelty In messenger call boxen )h nbout to be Introduced In Now York City. The now boxes, which will tnko tho plnco of tho familiar mesienger calls, will each carry a telephone. In design they nro cir cular, nbout eight Inches In dlnmeter. and carrying on ono sldo a Hmnll ler, which Is used when It Is deelrod simply to call a messenger On tho other side Is a hook from which bangs n telephone recelv -r, tho transmitter being on the fr,nt of the ase. mere nre no lull rn, nun a- in T"nt nrranged the district in sener Mice cnntint i-.lll nn Mir limine 111 Wlll.'ll tho box Is Installed. To call the district oiiico the subscriber has only to remove the telephono from the hook when ho oun ive nis message, cull the pollen or nre epartment. send 11 bov on anv desired errand, or. In short, hold nny desired com munication with tho district olllce. An UnlntlR nmillrntltin nt rlentrlrltV to cattle herding Is to be made on a. large scale In lower California this winter. This will bo tho placing of several searchlights on tho mountain overlooking the ranch, thus replacing the old system or night rid ng to provent thieving, The tender of enrh light will bo armed with n lmic-ranitc rill) nnd will also be nrovlded with a signal code by which he can flash Information to uio otlier llubt-teiiders and nnvone wno may bo out among the cattle. Kaon light tender will also have at hand a telephone connected with tho main ranch, tho push ing of tho button ringing nn alarm bell. ah pans or me raucu win no provincu wnn telephone stations nnd an electric light plant will bo Installed at the ranch, nil of tho buildings being Illuminated with elec tricity. What promises to be thn flrnl eleetrlcllv station In the Congo district Is soon to bo started ut the Komnn Catholic mission ol i.uiuuuourg, wnicli is situated on the rlvr.r i.uoia, a tributary of the Kaosas river, which Is Itself n trlbutorv of the Coruro. says tho London Hlectrlcnl Engineer. The hend of tho mission, who has for sev eral years been In Luiuabourg, Is now pro ceeding thero again, taking with him a dynamo, turbine, lamps, cables, wires, etc. no proposes 10 oDiuin mo necessary power from n waterfall, the fall being some twenty-eight feet high. The dynamo will light 100 lamps and It Is proposed to Install 1G0 Incandescent Iannis and threo arc lamn.i. Tho dynnmo wns manufactured by a llrm in fiiurieroi ami tno turbine is or French construction. A lMJIOL'S GU5. Cnnnoti with Vi'hleli I'ekln I,entlon- er lllnfTeil the lloxerx, Tho slorv of the International irun. lov ingly nicknamed "Betsy" by the besieged legatloncrs in i'ekln, has nlrcudy become famous, It was the presence of this old cannon within tho walls of the IJrltlsh legation that keut the Chinese hordo at a safe distance nnd which, probably more loan niiyining else, suveu tne lives or mo besieged foreigners. When tho Boxers closed In on I'ekln, relates Leslie's Weekly, tho foreigners found themselves with noth ing heavier In tho shapo of nrtlllery than n few machlno guns, nnd when tho Chi- ncso mounted two cannon on the wall of tho Imnerlal rltv mid beirnn to bombard the legations their situation seemed des perato Indeed, particularly as these can non commanded tne moat unci roadway which separated tho British h nation from tho French nnd Oermnn and from tho urcnt nalnco of Prince Hit. In which wero gathered the native refugees under tho protection or tno Japanese. it was wniio scarciiing ror material to eloail snent cartridges that this famous old pleco was found. In n Junk shop, where they wero looking for lead nnd pew ter with which to mako bullets, some mu rines found the old brecrhlondlng cannon, It was of Kngllsh make and boro n stump showing that It hud boon enst ill W). How It reached the Junk shop has not yet been discovered, but mnrlnes who found It recognized at onco Its value for tho defense, und It was placed on a pair of old Jlu rlklsha wheels nnd taken over to thn bar rocks of the American marines, near the wall, for trial. After u llttlo experimenta tion thn irun wns found to ho servlconbte. nnd ns tho Jlnrlklsha wheels wero much too light to stand tho recoil from firing such u rusty old piece n heavier mount for tno gun was necessary. Tho work of preparing "Betsy" fell to tho American gunner, .MItchc',1, and the niinio "Internntlonnl" wns given to her when completed, beciure all the powerj contributed to hake her serviceable. She was finally mounted en nn Italian giin-cur-riage, and In order lo glvo It weight nr ballast nnd nrevent the L-un. when fired. from kicking clear ncross the legation, n. Heavy beam was tanen irnm tno giilciioUHo of the British location und anchored to the gun-carriage as a trailer. Tho ammu nition was mane up uy loaning iiussinu shells with balls made from material con tributed by almost everybody, and by u straneo lronv of fate a lot of enntured Chinese powder wns used In reloading tho shells that kept off tho Chines! mobs, Tho great trouoio wnn tno ennnon was tho length of tlmo necessary to load and fire, but the Chinese wero completely fouled ns to tho amount of nrtlllery doj- stssod by tho lcgntloners by moving tho International gun from point to point, so that tho Chlnene enme to belle.vo that every vital point In the defenses of the foreign ers wns protected by one of thCso old can non. She was' used to bombard the Im perial city walls. Ono particularly tine shot, since the old rannon wns without sights, dismounted ono or tne cnlucso can non that had caused so much trouble to tho defenders. loiter It was used to blow dntvti sl hnrrleade In tho Ilanlin college. Ono or Its nrst huh or worn was neing hauled up tho rnmpnrts to the top of' tho city walls nnd fired Into the Chinese Iinrrlcano uown ny me great .-Meridian gate. As tho shot struck and tho brlckx ivnni (lvlnc the Chinese were so surnrlse-l that they climbed up and looked over tho barriers to see what had struck them, for up to that time they had believed tnut tho besieged hail nothing but rllles. It is said that "Betsy" will be sent to Wnsh Ington and preserved with other memen toes or our marine corps. o.m: of uiiA.vriiKi.i.'.s .hkx, I'iinsIiik of n DiiHliIng: Uculeniinl the .Missouri Itnliler. of "Bill" Hullev died at tho Stato Asylum for tho Insane near St. Joseph, Jo n fow days ago. Ho was Quantrell n lieutenant In tho days when that chieftain terrorized tho Kansas border. But, unlike Quiiutrell or, for thnt matter, any other mnn who gavo character to that merciless band, ho was a man who fought merely ns a southerner for the south. At tho tlmo the war opened he was but a boy, but he espoused the southern cuuso und by reason of his outspokon denuncia tion of tho northern sentiment got himself so thoroughly hated that northern men finally hnd him nrrostod and Imprisoned contemplating Indicting him on tho charge or being nn "orrensivo nuisance." Quantrell. who had an eve to cood mate rial for his company, finally made an at tack on tho Jail whero young Hnlloy was confined nnd released him. Out of grati tude to nis liberator and Willi doubtless a deslro to minlsh his former enemies the youth joined tho guerrillas und took their oath. From nil accounts ho wns ono of tho most dashing and reckless of nil tho baud. At any rata he rose rapidly In rank nnd within a year was chosen lieutenant, Ho rode under tho black tlai; In tho famous forav against Lavrenee, Knn., when thut town was looted und burned. A short tlmo nfter that ho obtained leave of absence and went to Independence Mo., ror a visit with his sweetheart. Whllo there ho was recognized by tho soldleis and captured. A drum-head court-martial sentenced him to bo shot on tho third day following. When his ludy love learned of this sho promptly got u horse ind, learning wuere uunnireii migut oo round, bet out nt mldnlgnt in search of Him. She foun Him ut daylight, nficr a thirty-mile ride- and tolil blm or her lover B plight, At noon Quantrell and his band thun dered down tha hills Into Indcmmdcnco nnd bofore tho dumbfounded soldiery knew what was on nun seized l lie jail and set tno town on fire. Then they liberated Hnlloy and nrmlng nnd mounting hlni thoy rodo tlirougn the streets and shot down every soldier In sight. Befora anything like nn orgnnlzed reslstanco could bo put up they wore Kone. lonvlnc tho Jail a heun of nBhes and the streets thick with dead. But a llttlu whllo ufter that Hnlley bado his companions adieu und went west to seek his fortunes, for ho wanted to win wealth for the woman who had saved his life. For a whllo he did well frelihtlm- and tradlne on tho nlalns. but bofore hiu nrst trip was enueu worn enmo to mm that ins nanceo wns uenu. 'i no letter was month old when ho received It. From thnt tlmo on for years ho drifted Ihrnlli-h he west, nnw 11 pnwlinv Iti Tovu n miner In California, a sheephorder In I'inn or rreignier on me inr western trails, rinniiy, anotii iweivo years ago, ne wan dorcd back to St. Joseph and obtained cm ploymcnt on the city pollco force. As nn officer he wns reputed to bo ono of thu bravest In tho state, but tho courago ho displayed was not or tno unsning, reckless sort mni characterized ins yoiun, bu rather the coolest and most collected de liberation, He prevented tho Hoy Branch nnioup uy Killing iwo mugs, uioiuu each of them had blm covered when ho com menced to pull his gun. Ho remained with thn forco until last summer, when nts neuiiu gave wny The Opportunity She Wonted. Cleveland Plain Deulcr: "Papa, don't you think I'm getting very stout.'" Tho old muii looked nt tho blooming cheeks and tho rounded llguro of his only child. "Why, yes," he playfully said; "I guesB we'll havo to get a tacklo to help you up and down stairs." And Ho chuckled at His own humor. "es, papa, dear," mild tho lovtvly girl "that's JitBt what 1 wnnt. Coma In. fleorirn.' And then as the large but sheepish young unu looonvu neiiviiy irum nriiiuil tne parti . i . n, 1 1 . .i . , , ...... ... '- null nun liuuru; urtHKU mitt me gia tucKier in uio -varsity oieven, uauuy. Keep the bowels nctlve If you would pre servo your health. A doso of Trlckly Ash Bitters now and then docs this to per lection, EAR'S LUCKLESS VENTURES Mere Numerous Than in 1809, but Not Moro Than in Other Years, 0TAL NUMBER IS ESTIMATED AT 10,690 Were Made rrinrr t' the Very Condition Thnt Created Sneli 1'he nrineniil Iteeord I, nut Venr und Arc ii Antiirnl .Seinienee, NEW YOKK, Dec. 2S. U. 0. Dun & Co.'s Weekly Review of Trade tomorrow will say: hi o It Is not vet bosslble to tirlnt accu rate figures of failures during the full venr 1900. a preliminary statement may be made iiiai win approximate tne unni result, re tailed returns for all but the last few davs of the year have been compiled nnd. adding i proportionate amount ror uie time still o elapse, It appears that commercial fall ires will number, about 10.CT). with liabili ties of J137.0n0.000. . Of this number 2.310 were In manufacturing for J49,7SO.OOO, 7.KW In trad ing for lt,X,0(i and t30 brokers, trans porters, etc., not properly belonging In liner or the other classes, for K7.2.i0.O0O. Besides these strletlv commercial ilefnullM. thero were slxtv flnnnclal concerns with liabilities of WI.OOO.OOO, swelling the total to 10. lu number and SlTO.WO.OuO In nmoimt. This shows n Inrge Increase over the pro- ceuing year, wnen nil failures numbered .km. nnd an lilt es were J123.132.079. it must not bo forgotten, however, that 1&99 was a cur or exoemlonal nrostierltv. niul wlillo trado was then stimulated by rising prices tho succeeding year hud to bear tho bitter fruit of reaction. Desplto theso disasters, made unavoidable by the very conditions that brought such phenomenal record for 1S99, It still will be found that lSCM com pares favorably with other recent years. Iluslticflx Will .Need .More .Money. So genernl nrcuaratlon has been made by eastern business Interests for n squeeze In money near nto end or tno year Hint tno xnecteii ndvanco did not occur nnd col ec- tlons In tho Interior wero so eood that banks made general complaint of (ho scarc ity of mercantile paper offered for dis count. This outcome was particularly en couraging, though business will need moro money after January 1. Meanwhllo u good noerinno lias nee n coin u a IV in evidence. founded upon tho nctlvo distribution of merchandise south and west, sellers ns- liming nn Indifferent attitude, except In otton noods and some branches of silk. where tho genera! improvement hns been retlected to compitrntlvely stnnll degrees, Both In cotton nnd silk circles better things re exnecied in January nmi 111 no direction has reduction of worklmr forces In mills occurred. Sonio wngo differences have been adjusted, lu this respect tho situation Is unusually bright. iworo tnlk of. a General reduction In coko nd cheniier ore after navigation onens might bo calculated to unsettle quotations of the llnlshed products, but Iron nnd nteel ontinue tno even tenor or tiielr way. In very department of this Industry moro business Is offered than oun bo accepted unless purchasers aro willing to glvo much tlmo for delivery. Ono largo foreign con tract was lost on this account and at many mints domestic operations nre delayed by liability to secure materlnl. Instead of the agitation for cheaper steel rails that was so prevalent a snort lime ago, producers arc mild to contcmnlnto nn advance. Do mestic contracts lir tills lino exceeded 50,000 ions at i nicngn unu among loreign orders Is noticed one for 17,000 tons for Australia, with many smaller sales. Structural ma terial Is wnn ted for butldlncs and brldues. with noticeable nctlvlty In this department iur vxiHin. Ffictorlen nt I'nll Ciipnelty It Is not n bad slcn thnt tho local lobbtinr trade In footwear In quiet, nor that orders received by manufacturers from salesmen aro smnll, as most travelers returned homo for the holidays. Ileuco new contracts nro not large, but fuctorles uro runnlnc at full capacity ami in many cases refuse to du plicate orders at previous prices. Shops aro assured of brisk employment well Into tho new year and makers nxpoot to buy leather at ncuer terms, .siuo irnm ncmiocK solo. or which tnero ih ii scarcity, prices aro barely maintained, und export buying has neen proportionately lienor wmn domestic Hides average lower.. maklnir tho tlfth sue cesslvo week of docllrie 'at Chicago. Wool lost the temporary Iricroaso In activity, suios aggregating ijuiii.iH) pounds, a do crensi) of 2,001,300, ciunpuird with , tha. lire ceding week. ii.... ... i. o. , . oiutjvni. ui, uiu uiiihu oi mo year nro excessive although dealers are ncoiiragcu uy tno KiiowJeugo that manii, fncturers' supplies nro light. Contradictory estimates nre still heard regarding tlio cotton crop, port receipts show a. largo Increase over last year, but ho effect Is neutralized by reports that it much larger proportion of tho yield has been marketed, wi:i:ki,v cmsauims hounh taiimj. AgKreKute of IlusiuesN i'rnnsnctc it by the Associated IIiuiun, NEW YORK, Dec. 28. Tho following tnble, complied by Brndstrcot, shows tho bank clearings nt nil principal cities for the week ended December 28, with tho porcon tago of Increase and decrease, as compared with tho corresponding week last year CITIES. Clearings. Inc. Dec New York Boston Chicago Philadelphia. St. Louis Pittsburg , $1,178,383,111 10.2 110,300.! 122.S22.C27 93.G73.44fl SH.4tu.435' 5.8 1.9 31.203.1661 11.5! Baltimore 17.038,4771 17.361.0381 20. J San FranclBco ... Cincinnati 18.5 7.7 44.1 14,012,000 Kiinsas city Now Orleans Minneapolis Detroit Cleveland 15.7HI.2S0 13.431.3.18 29.8 9,ri93,20 2.5 7.793,531 10,202,395 7,531,853 U,2l"i,100 C.362.14S 12.9 Iyoulsvlllo , Provtdenco , G.l 2.9 2.1 Mllwaukeo St. Paul Buffalo 4,301,980 4.894,9!9 11,531,239 n,43.',03.r C;522.9J0 4,273,598 3,321,839 1.800,183' 2,031.133 3.116.115 8.9 4.5 26.0 OMAHA Indianapolis , Columbus, O , 10.9 33.7 uiivnnnnu , Denver , 5.0 Hartford , Htclimond Memphis Wnshlngton 1.8! 31.6 11.3 2.18.5.166 Peoria , -'.JJJ.lljl 1.948.211 41 Bochostor 11.4 New Haven 1,187,906 1,(IS3,C61 2,111,132 2,28I,35S 1.161,399 3.3 Worcester Atlanta 27.5 15.5 Salt Irfiko City ... Sprlimlleld. Mass Fort worm Portland, Mo Portland, Ore St. Joseph l.os Angeles 2.WM.302 26. 1,022,9871 1.992,298 3,119,0001 2,230,878! 1,078.151' 1,131,770 1,275.462 S.8 22.9! Norfolk 21 Syracuso Des Moines NashvHlo 8.71 10.0, 10.0 1,283,331 Wilmington, Del 772,297 Fan Jiivcr Scranton Grand Itutilds Augusta, Oa I.owoll Dayton, O Soattlo Tacotna Spoknno Sioux City New Bedford Knoxvllle, Tenn Topeko. Birmingham Wichita .. Bliighamton Lexington. Ky. Jacksonville, Fla Kalamazoo Akron i.. Chattanooga Hockford. Ill Canton. O Surlnglleld, O Fargo, N. D Sioux Falls. R, D..., Hastings, Nob Fremont, Neb Davenport , Toledo ("la I vest on Houston Kvansvlllo Macon Little, Hock Helena. Youngstown Sprlngflo'.d, III Totals. 1T. 8 983.731 "i&'.i 1.4I3.99S 2.1.2 10, 51 156.7i "is.o 1,119.170 1,990,673 478,916 1.1X8,633 13. 2.175.987 38.9 1,611,338 823,231 19.1 "islri 1. 068.477 361,518 518.783) 902,468' 1,085.7441 442,890 316,000' 609.176 9.2 66.3! 21,6 1.1 4.3 41. 231,19. 412,831 20.8 492.7001 353,613 3.1.1 329.741 :!54,010 248,988 33.3 304,012 149.321 1.3 15,5 149.3871 108,820 2S, 6)1.372 6 1.951,889! 7,024,OHO' 5.5! 7.744,571 817,236 SiO.OnO 739,606 656,436 32.1.880 4.S 15.1 4.2 .... 9.3 3,8 21.0 7u 1.5 437,901 $1,780,322,0861 TotalB, out, N. Y. 007,938,9.51 DOMINION OK CANADA. Montreal ,, Toronto Winnipeg Halifax ... Hamilton fit. John, N, II... Vancouver ..... Victoria Totals 12,C3l,7cB: iU 40,W7 l.DSI.hOO lfi.l 1,0 i,t:s.io) 7IU.9JS rai,70o 7.4 6.S! K15.G2I 53n,371 9. .1$ 27,.'9:i,755 4.41 ,o AKreeiuein 011 Siixnr. NRW YOUIC, Dee. 2S.-The Journal of Commerce prints the following; An In formal meeting of tho directors of rhe American Sugar Uctlnlng company lias jus; been held here After the meeting It. O IInvemeer said thcro bed bofti no agro- ment with competing roinpHi'Us, and tint nt the coming meeting ot directors there would be no Increase In tho dividend on he common stock. iiii.vnsiitinn'M itr.n:v or iitvm:. :crillnnnl Venr Closed vtltli .n rut- Holiday 'Crude, NEW YORK, Dec. 2S. Bradstreet's to- morrow will say; A fitting close to n year of exception ii nd In some resnects uniirercdriited nctlv lty Is furnished by tho very general repoit of large holiday business In the last wak The best report ns to this sort of trad.' Otnes from the southwestern section, but except lu some parts of tno spring wheat and lumber belt of the northwest satisfac tory advances are quite general. Heavy clothing, too, has been measurably helped for the same reason, but desnlte a good biu'Jness In tho last two weeks, ill fur trade has been apparently lagging omewhat. In the wholesale trade bus- Inesfi has been of seasonably small propor tions, but renorts from leadlnu- lines, such ns Iron nnd steel, shoes nnd lenther, lutnb'-r, glass nnd spring dry goods nave been eu- ouriiging, cnteiiy, or course, as irganis uw lews entertained us to the outlcok. rather than ns to new business nctlinllv nccolll- bllshed. Stock tnkttnr Is now lu brcitrcss and details as to accomplished results prob- amy win uo rorincoiuiug soon niier ucj close of the year. speculation In cereals Has been light und ncrenses In F-untillrs and large surplus reports from the Argentine have still fur ther depressed the Ininr Interest In wheat Corn has sympathized with whent nnd coun try oirerings anil reccipis nave neen heavier, though complaints us to quality aro still almost universal. The corn crop the fourth Inrirest lu our History ana nntrt Is next to tho largest ever known, Worlds wheat supplies uio about on u bur with those of n year ugo und American sup plies are actually smaller. Prices as a rule nro steady und changes nre Tow. i ne conspicuous advances nro lu rellned petro leum on export account unci some gam is noted In tin on the week, although thu close Is below tho highest, Coffee s frnct onul v h cher. I.nrd Is weaker, but by foe the largest list of staples Is unchanged. Cotton bus been dull on slightly larger receipts. Cotton goods havo been quiet and clcnriincn sales by Jobbers are the feature. Wool has been met, but steady. I-alr orders ror women u ress uoods for mring nro noted. Shoe manufacturers are busy and some nre In dlffctent to new orders nt present prices. Boston shoo shipments aggregate l,si.t'i cases, a decrease of 10 per cent from a year ago. New business In Iron und cteel wns wen sustained and quiio good lor me period under review. The Impression pre vails that an Immense amount of heavy irldco material will be needed next year From Birmingham comes Intimations that lurce business In n ir Iron Is under con sideration nnd may bo nnnounced nest year oke prices promise to be lower, gotno cuu of 30 and to per cent being already nn nounced. F.xport trade Is quieter, u relic tion of the continued decline- in prices abroad. Estimates of pig Iron production are that tho aggregate will be little below ll,Ooo,(Kio tons and therefore slightly In ox cess of 1R9D, Iron oro shipments by lake routes will run neuiiy 19,000,000 tons, tli largest ever recorded. Whent. ncltid ne Hour, shipments fo tno week HKirreuiito 4.011.100 bushels, ngalnftt 4,123,3m last week. 3.010.5." bushels lu too corresbondlnp week of C.2922."i lu W; (i.l4j,R47 In H97 nnd 2.707,790 In 1M. From July 1 to date this season wheat evprirts aro 94,151.4.w bushels, iigulnsU 103,991,193 last season nnd 121,r,2S,70fl In 1S9S-!8m. Corn exports for tho week aggregate 3 ? C.S. 10.-, biifhels, ngalnst 5.4G3.57S last week, 3 220,239 In Ibis week n year auro, 3,CS9,74r, in 1SP8, 4,0S(l,Mfi In 1M7 and 2,712.991 In 1SW. From Ju v 1 to elate this season corn exports were 91,210.109 bushels, ugalnt 111,7,14.1 111! t season and w.nwi.iti'J in ims-isw. Business failures In tho t'nlted stales for the week number 213. ns ncnlnst 201 last week. 229 last yenr. 21S In 189S nnd 237 In 1S07. Cnnadlnn failures number fifteen. nguinst twenty-eight Inst week, twenty-two tills weoic n yenr ugo, sixteen in isji unu twenty-two In ISO". iihaistiii:i:t'h financial iwviirw, Week IIiin Been One of Hie Most Ite- niirkulilc Since election Jloom. NDW YOltlv. Dec. 28. Brmlstrcet's Fi nancial Hevlcw tomorrow will say: i Further Illustration has been (riven this week regarding the lorcc ot tho bullish Influences, which nt present govern tho movement of values In Wall street. An other good bank statement tandjd to ncu utlvo fears that there might be n check to tho liroLTess of the market cm ucciunt of high rates for money, a cause which hns checked so many promising movements in recent years, jn laci. tnnucu mo tirei orations for the largest January Interest nnd dividend disbursements In the lilstorv of the country havo been In full progress, tho urninKements hnve been so skllfullv conducted that, desplto the sustained nc tlvlty of tlio dealing lu securities, tho ex pansion or speculation unci the notable rise In prices, supplies of call money have never fulled, nnd Interest rates Havo not ndvanccd to llgurcs which would glvo occasion for timidity or lnduco liquidation. The street. In fnct, not unnaturally concludes that In terests WHICH aro concerned In the ilevel. opmentH regnrdlng various properties In uio siock maruei aro also using their In Iluoncu to keep moiioy lu such a condition mat no pressure or Ulsturlinnco can arlso from that Source. If this Is the cilsc thev havo been eminently successful, ns call money Has not been emoted above" 0 nor cent and stock market borrowers have had uo dllllculty Hi obtaining ample nccommo- iion. 1 Ho week in irnnv resnects has heen ono of the most remarkable ono Mnee tho "boom" which started Immediately nfter tho election beiran Its course. On last Saturday, nlthough the Stock oxchunge was m oo rioseci on .Monuny as wen us on Tues day (Christmas day), prlceH ndvanced throughout tho list, and tho volume of transactions surpassed ul! records for n hnlf holiday, saleii of 1,000,000 shares being olllclally recorded, and tho real total was, of course, considerably larger. On Mon day, however, the London market was open and great activity nnd strength de veloped In Americans there. The buying of our stocks was supposed to iiinnnnto largely from New York, but It wns supple mented bv covering by tho foreign bears nnd purchases by tho Kuiopcr.n public. F.vcn on Christmas day there woh a further exchange of bullish opinions in nil tho up town resorts of brokers und their ciiHto merH, and some transactions were reported to havci been mado nt advanced quotations In Sugar, St. Paul nnd other fnvorlto stocks. In splto of tho fnct thnt suport and ma nipulation by insldo Interests und pools Is appnrent in the movements of many stocks, It Is also evident that tho public Is In the market. Tho Inlying by commission houses, in fact, has been on an enormous scnlc. Moreover, tt Is tho general testimony that' tho amount of stocks purchased for In vestment nnd taken out of tho street Is exceedingly large, this tendency being il Ununited by the comparative scarcity of many high-grade, divldcnd-paylng stocks and the eaao with which they advance on moderate buying, In tho bond market also tho lack of of ferings on gllt-edgo securities has trans feree! tho demand to new or second grado railroad mortgages, some of which show siibntnntlal and rapid advances. Tho buying of Income-yielding securities of both bonds and stocks Is, in fact, ex ceptionally largo, and doubtless represents In a considerable degree nn anticipation of tho reinvestment of January Income. At tho sumo tlmo tho upcculutlvo participation is spreading, nnd both the street and tho public show n disposition to recognize that tho present market Is unprecedented In Its character and breadth, nnd have been Inn ing their fears that tho upward movement might bo suddenly chocked nnd u bcv-to break In prices follow. French HnyliiK Aiiierlt-nii (,'onl. PIllLADKI.PHIA. Dec. 2S.-R If. Mc Ilwaln, a member of tho American Chamber of Commerce In Pnrls, Is now In this city closing negotiations for tho sale of coal to tho French government. Tho order, ho says, may reach 200,000 tons. The m mcdlato necessity, covorlng principally rail road supplies, roejulro 70,'niO tons, Mr. Mc Uwnlti says ho believes a substantial coal trade between this country and Franco will soon bo established. Ho nsserts that tho coal supply of Franco is lO.OOO.ono tons short of tho demand, Formerly this dellclency wiih made up almost entirely Hy .iiKuto" i hicui iiiuuHiriai csuiuusn mcnts uro becoming alarmed, Mr, Me iiwam sain, ai iii possnuiiiy or tins sup ply being cut off, owing to tho scarcity of UWIll III I.I II,. "Tho government," ho continued, "Is do pendent upon Kngllsh coal and It will reudlly bo Heen thnt the French jiavy would bo nt n serious disadvantage In lime of wur. 1110 niuiuue 01 1110 I'Toncii govern ment toward American coal Is distinctly favorable." Seven Soeietlc., Porlleliuile. PHILADELPHIA. Dec, 28. The work of louuy Hussion 01 me c ongress or Arcliue- ologlcal nnd Phllllnglcnl Hoclotles of America, consisted of separate meetings of tho seven societies represented ut the convention. tho nrst, 01 1110 societies 10 meet w,ih tho American oriental noclety. to which delegates were present representing tho fol lowing colleges: l.'ryn Mawr. Columbia. Yale. Cornell. Houton. Harvard und Johns HopKins. 1'rcsiueni unman or jonns Hon kins university presliled, mid a number or interesting pnners wero read uy mem. bers of tho faculties of nil tho Institutions Thoso who presided over thn other meet ings were,; pror. J. w . wnilo or Harvard, over the Archaeological Institute; Prof. Pluttern of Adnlhert college, over the Philological association; Prof Thomns Price Qf Qolumbla, over the Modern Lnneuneo association, nnd Prof F A Manii of Lafayette, over the Spelling Re form association. I'nrni etv l.nlmr t nlon. CHICAOO. Vet 2 The Itecrrd rxyt: Chicago saw the birth of a new nattornl labor organization hist nlgut whose heii'l- qrarters wi'i tie in tins city, i no new nouy Is tho tins and Hlectrlc Filters' National Association of America. The object of the organization Is to effect t.u amalgamation of the lighting trades, so that internal dis sensions over trade Jurisdiction may cease nnd the better Interests of all be conserved. The Cins litters' unions In Clnclnniitl, St. Lou s. Boston und New York linve been in cominunlcntlon with the Incnl union hero nnd havo applied for charters of atllllntton. The Idea of amalgamation Is In line with ttie policy mid clown ity me American Federation of Labor ns u means of settling disputes which come before that body at every convention, rel.itlvo to tho classifica tion ot worK. Three Children Burned. ni.VMPIA. Wash.. Dec, 28, The Hire.' children of Mr, Lnvery, u daughter nged 4 years, u son iigeu unci u o-montns-oii Infant, have been burned to death near . here. The parents wero temporarily ib sent, leaving u hired man nt work cuttlu.t wood nbout 200 yards from inn House. A I few minuter after the narents left be dis covered thu house on lire. Beforo ho could I reach the scene an explosion occurred, I supposed to be of dynamite stored In tho upper part of the building. The building wns entirely consumed invl tho bodies of 1 tho two eldest children were found whero I the bedroom had been. The Infant wns in I the cradle In tho front room. A few charred boncH wero nit that was left. Kd ii en tors of the Smith, niCILMOND. Vii.. Dec. 28.-The second day's session of tho tenth annual con ference of the Southern lMticittlnnul ns. soclatlon was opened this morning with u strong tuldress by Hon. William T Harris of Washington, national commissioner of education, on the relation of universities nnd colleges to public schools. Prof. K. C. Branson of the Oeorgln State Normal college discussed tho features of the address. President J. C. Woodward of South Carolina college also spoilt) at length. Six of the speakers announced for this session wero not present. Should Know THE Secret of Nervous Women Theru is a world of comfort and c'ttrc in these little powders. Thou s.nds of women the world over testify to their accuracy for "tired nerves." 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