;
TIH3 ILLUSTRATED HI3E.
Remarkable Devices
For Saving Life at Sea
Impracticable aa a llfo rnft. "Wlioro
would you put It aboard ship?" one of
tlio Jury asked tho Invuntur.
'1 hadn't thought of that," replied the
Hungnrlnn.
"Why, pu tho deck of cohrse," suggested
another juror, winking to his companion.
(Copyright, 1S0O, by V. Grlbaycdoff.) nny chonco ho flnda himself In tho sea, "s. t b bo," assented the Inventor.
1'AIllS, Auk. 21. "It's an III wind that tho pad wilt nwcll until It Is buoyant 1(1 0,1 ',0 dcck'"
blows nobody Rood," or, as soino other enough to float an olophant " ',,ut you wo"111 liav 10 1,1,11,1 a shlp
proverb-milker expresses it, "from groat Another comnnlltor for i, ri, arol,n'1 "" 8nl,l 11,0 chairman of the Jury;
calamities oft Isbuo public advantage." ' ".J0 P" TlJZ . nhu,, wWrti ".n"'1 11 W0,",, lmV l 1,0 fUr l"nt'9 W''lur
Whim on thn Fourth of Jtilv 1MJ8 the . . ,i, I'h'ivIiib pajamas which Ulnn nny 8hp 0VGr buu ..
hen on tho ! ourtu or Jtny, lbJS, tno "nro Juat llko any other harmcnt until tho So iiuncarlan's deslun did not cet
l.'rnnrli ntinmlilti I.ii Honri'OL'iin wont down ..n ,.... ,. .. . " tllL Hungarians uisihu tun noi hit
. "-'""' " ' wuior; mon moy in- eveI. honorable mention. Yet there was an
roust ho world w .(.rrllled by tho d s inomsoivM. nnu t would take ,,,CB , ,,, ,lcm, nm, Ulnt ,(,ett wnB m.lrnbly
i oast tno worm waH norriniu uy tno ins nfleon horsepower to pull thorn under." worked out In other exhlbltB. Thus a
UHlur and tho newspapers of different A i.'ronch rubber mnniifnctnrnr mtiihita , ,.,,,,, lxuiouh. iiius, u
. ..,. ,i. ,ii'Uui , roncn ruunor manuiacturer oxniblts French shipbuilding firm submitted a model
I , , Z l u .V w. , ,,r a,,m,rnl)I ylom oti P that could f n big transatlantic liner, which carried
ures to prevent such wholesale loss of bo worn constantly at sea. and which r.,. iim. ,.i
nnlllninwl ilirnlHflml
liifJ. milrn (inlv iitimit thlrtv hiwiwhIh hlnulntr tt .i .in.n,i i.......-.
. .4 . . . ... ' w w.w t, ...n w UIIU DIUl V 1111 1JIUVIBIU1JB, UIV, 1U1 IUBI.U11L
Among ho passengers on the way from dlstcnd tllom from R perfooUy nt Btnt0 UBCi Tho ..ninuenc88 of thl lnventlon con-
tho United States to ! runco who were lost to lho B,,Iipo of toy balloonB cnpablo of glgl8 , ln f t t, t th ,f t , ,
on the llourgoguu weru Mr. and Mrs. An
thony I'ollok of Washington, 1). C. More
keenly and personally allllctcd by the calam
ity than the general public, tho heirs
of Mr. and Mrs. I'ollok decided to found a
memorial prize to bo awarded for tho best
method or device for saving human llfo In
shipwrecks. To this end tho estate set
aside tho sum of $20,000 to bo stylod tho
"Anthony I'ollok Prize," nnd asked tho con
currence of tho United States and Kronen
governments In whatever measures should
be deemed tho most practical for tho
furtherance of tho project. Doth govern
ments promptly acceded to tho request, and
It was doclded to mnko tho competitive dis
play of Inventions for saving llfo nt sea
u part of tho l'arls exhibition of 1000.
Tho general charactor of tho I'ollok prlzo
and tho conditions attnchlng to its award
were widely ndvortlscd In all tho countries
of tho world, bo that through tho utmost
publicity every man or set of men In tho
universe who had an ldoa of Interest or
value in tho promises would bo Induced
to competo for tho prlzo and to disclose his
theories In tho Interest of humanity.
Appreciating tho vast philanthropic scopo
of tho undertaking, tho exhibition authorl- GENERAL VIEW OF TUB GALLERY DEVOTED TO THE I'OLLOK I'UIZE EXIIID1-
tlos sot apart for tho purposo n long, TION AT PARIS,
rapacious gallery in tho building known as
tho I'alaco of Navigation and Commorco, sustaining the weight of two mon In tho lble at all under normal conditions. It Is
whero nil designs submitted should bo ox- water. Imbedded in the forward part of tho ship,
hlbltcd; and, with tho approval of tho Still another Inventor submits n Bpecles nnd a passenger might walk over It a bun
I'ollok holra, placed tho wholo subject ln of automatically lnllatlng life-belt, the dred times without suspecting Its existence,
tho bands of a Jury of welt known oxporta prlnclplu of which la based on tbo ox pa ml- Hut In ease the big ship should be In danger
In nil naval and maritime matters. Tho lng inlluenco of wator on acetylcno guB, of Bhlpwreck the captain has tho deck
high and cosmopolitan charactor of this with which tho bolts aro charged. board covering tho lifeboat Instantly re
Jury makes tholr Judgment authoritative. Many of these Ingenious dovlcea aro per- moved and orders tho passengers to crawl
This export commission virtually feet in theory, but they apply a remedy "'own Into their places. There the passen
tormlnatcd its labors laat wook. throo only to tho cases of persons who have Kvra wait. If tho huge vessel Is destined
atoody months of tlrolosB dovotlon to tho csenped from tho damaged ship to tho to sl,'k tbo occupants of tho lifeboat aro
examination of nil tho invontlons sub- raging sea outaido. Moat of them would sa'c When tbo ship keels over and dlsap
mlttcd whothor In tho form of mlnlaturo bo usoless, and aomo of ttiom suicidal, If I,cnra beneath tbo wuves tho lifeboat is ro
modola or simply wrltton documents ox- worn by passongors on a ship afire, for Itm8ci1 automatically nnd Issues out of tho
nlalnlnr tho dovlces or methods. Tho duty tho olomcnts of a number of tho devices foundering carcass llko a phoenix from tho
was a most oxactlng ono, for tho collodion aro so explosive that thoy would blow tho n8,1L'H- A,r cuiunuers mauo tno lifeboat uiv
of llfo saving Inventions la enormous. Thoy unthinking wearer Into smltherocns In an l'iknblo and a clever dovlco Is provided
wore aent from all parts of tho world and Instant. " J the lifeboat to resist tho suc-
many of them evidently represent years of Mll - r;;,;hexh,,,b,t,nL8,:;,Ianotber French
enro ana proimiu . Anotticr Inventor submits a model mat- rm r Hi,lpbullders shows an automatically
in such a big exhibit of Ideas tl o aio trof)B whlch R ,,nB80Ileor am , (lutllcllnbIu (U.ck whIch mmratcH lt8t,lr from
naturally many hi. gs c f an . otci r;, blissfully In hours of repose or lloat ft fouiicl,.rlnK steamship and assures a safe
acter, plainly ho handiwork of cr aiikB. ,,isdalnfully in hours of danger, but tbo ngyiu, to hundred persons,
but, on tbo other hand many thorouhiuy UmQ rtulrui, t0 lriinaf0rm tho couch into "Kopor's Inventions for Saving Life nt
nruutlcnl dov ces aro submitted whoso ap- ,i.,..a,,vn , ni,. ii,. .im
plication hereafter will surely tend to mini- much nH ,8 ()ften nee(lcd for n burrleil trp '
mlzo loss of llfo by nccldonta at sea. ,nt)) utorntty.
1'riililfiu a tlil UiiNolvfil. Somu mothoilB of llfo preservers aro sub-
The Jury, howover, regards tho great tnllted, to which tho Jury's objection about
problem of llfosavlng ln shipwrecks as still inflatable substances does not apply. Ono
unsolved. While admitting tho Inestimable 0f these, Invented by an old English sea
value of somu of tho Inventions, It consld- captain, has tho merit of serving a double
orB thnt none of them quite fulfills tho purpose equally practicable. If ovory-
speclllu object of tho founders of tho I'ollok thing Is going all right aboard ship tho
prlzo. Some of the dovlces, Bays tho Jury, thing looks Just whnt It Is, a comfortable
would vastly lessen tho chance of accident armchair. Tho sent of tho chair Is formed
on vessels, but such accidents may occur by two transverse straps of wide leather. If
for which no sure means of saving llfo by any sudden exigency necessitates tho pas-
tho wholesale, as it were, hnvo been pro- senger going overboard ho unstraps tho
vtded. For thlB reason tho Jury Is of tho leathor band, pulls tho framework of tho
opinion that tho sum of $20,000 should not chair up under his arms and attaches It
be awarded In Its entirety to any exhibitor, there by fastening tho straps over his
but that a certain part of It should bo Hhoulders. Tho thing Is light enough for
awarded to tho Inventor of tho best a child to handle, for besides tho woodwork
method or methods proposed, while tbo the only other things nhout tho chair aro
balance of tho prize should bo set apart as two large tubes of aluminum, charged wltl)
an Incentive for further competitions of tho nlr. A projecting nnll, or sharp corner, or
same kind, to be held during tho next two coUIhIoii with a pointed object In tbo
or three years. If tho group Jury approves water, Inlllcta little damogo on this llfo
this decision of tho class Jury perhaps only saving apparatus.
two or three of all tho exhibitors ropro- Tno cx,bt 0f llfo rafts Is vast and vn-
sonted at l'arla will come In for n share of rlt(i T1,oy nro ui0 ot 0V(,ry possible
the prlzo. H(,rt of substanco and of every possible
The utmost secrecy Is preserved by tho Hlmpo nm, gj!0f 0no is built on tho nrchl-
commlsslon as to tho Inventions that hnvo tectural linos of a string of linked sau-
been deemed of tho highest merit, for It Is 8,,Ke8. ,no8l 0f thorn nro "double barreled." .
not expected that tho names of tho winner 1U)ll tWo or throo havo throo or more nlr '
or winners will ho announced within a chambers. Tho Catnmnran Idea Is worked
month, lour correspondent learns, now- .., , Pvtromo. For nil these rafts tho i i, ..-..-..u.... ,
ated by two men, n boat with Ita full com
plement of passengers nnd stores already
aboard can be lowered In less than ono
minute, however rough the sea. An Im
proved releasing genr, oporatcd by ono per
son, disengages both ends of tho brat si
multaneously, doing away with the dan
gerous "hanging up" of lifeboats, so often
responsible for great loss of life.
A patent process for closing bulkhead
doors Is another practical Hrlilsh exhibit.
Tho invention Is made applicable equally
by electricity, by hydraulic or steam pres
sure, or automatically. Hy the simply
turning of n lever, requiring no expendi
ture of force whatever, nil the bulkhead
doors of a ship may be closed simultane
ously from tho captain's brldgn or the chart
house. Experts consider this a most vnlu
ablo contribution to tho moans of prevent
ing wholesale losa of llfo at sea.
Telegraph and Cable
The building of tho system of telegraphs
that Is to connect St. Michael, tho head
quarters post In the military reservation,
with Nome and other points along the
northwest Alaskan coast ami also with the
Yukon and all posts up the river to the In
ternational boundary line, a distance of
1.K0 miles, will soon be begun. At the
same time the Canadian government will
be pushing their line from Dausui to tho
Klondike, down the Yukon till it meets tbo
United States line. These two lines, each
beginning on the sen, will thus extend In
the form of an eclipse through nil the main
mining districts and settlements nnd gov
ernment posts thus far established In the
Interior.
General Oreoly says that 200 miles f
the United States line will bu cable, one
extending northwest to Cpe Nome and the
other southwest to the Yukon. This Is an
Interesting Illustration of government own
ership and operation of cable lines, ami
the facts may not generally bo known.
Tho governments of tbo world, says tho
New York Sun, own nbout three times
as many cable Hues as are In the bauds
of private companies. Government cables,
llko those tho United Stntes will build from
Capo Nome, nro almost Invariably short.
They usually extend from ono point to an
other of tho snmu const or from tho coast
to islands forming part of tho country. Thus,
tho Ilritlsh government owns 12." cable
Hues, n largo part of them extending be
tween Great Britain and Ireland. Denmark
owns sixty cnblo lines between Its various
Islands and also connecting with tho main
land. Turkey has thirty cables connect
ing Its European with its Asiatic territory.
Tho longest cable lines owned by tho gov
ernments nro thoso of Ilritlsh India. Thero
aro only four of them and their averago
length Is nbout COO miles. Our govern
ment hnb recently been laying cable lines
between some of tho Islands in tho Philip
pines and also across deep indentations
In tho coast lino of some of tho largo
Islands,
Thoro aro all told about 1,000 cablo llnc3
owned and oporatcd by thirty-four govern
ments, whllo thoro aro only nbout 325 lines
owned nnd oporatcd by prlvnto companies,
Hut It 1b tho lines of tho prlvnto companies
tl.ni II .to iinnn nnl u fl.inl.li.il ft
kiui . iiuiL il i.iio if til. i ilii i 3 iiviitii-.i iw an..,. ni..nn, timtr vipiiiii la n fi , Ml ... , n n - ., .1... I I, n,, ,. , - ...
. r . ,. , ., , ... , " i'. u-v......i...v ....-v. w i iu WOK Kuncry. j no cxuidii oi mis
rule out all Inventions whoso llfesav ng slnkableness. fn most cases this merit English manufacturing establishment, that
qualities depended either upon any Inlla cd wnH demonstrated by tho export tostB, but B fanioiiB for that branch of Industry. Is tho
neiiB, garments or equipments, or wnicn .,. ......iimch woro romilred. too. tho chief i..n..H( .., n..., ,,c n,., .,, ...,,,.... i ,.n
employed any mater al whoso omcucy could of whch wn8 thoir portability and got-at- the exhibition. Each device Is demonstrated
be destroyed by perforation. This decision nbiunoSB, Somo 0f tho Inventors seemed by working models, shown In a big tank
very materially lessens the range of likely to ,mvo forfil,tton all about this quality, or tilled with water. Ono of tho most practical
winners, for tho greater part of tho dovlccB t0 b(lvo natUllncd, porhaps, that steamship and effective of tho Hoper Invontlons is n
exhibited rely entlroly upon the buoynncy ,lnt,8 wouIl, koop R supply of tho rafts steel life raft, built In collulnr compart-
they Impart to a human being, thus pro- floating nb0ut tho ocean, after ordering ments for air chambers. Ono device em-
vidlng against death by drowning. t,0 c,,Mtnlns never to got shipwrecked un- ploys this raft as the captuln's brldgo on an
Viirlety of Invention.. jt,B8 ft jfo r(t wnB nenr, ocean steamer. Another shows It stowed on
Invontlons of this sort extend over an Ono of tho most amusing of this sort of top of tho deckhouse. For both of those
Infinite range of Ingenuity. If protection absent-mindedness on tho pnrt of Inventors methods a thoroughly practical apparatus
against drowning were tho only condition Is tho model of a so-called llfo raft sub- with which tho ship Is equipped ennbles two
to be fulfilled to win tho I'ollok prlzo nny mltted hy a Hungarian ship carponter. persons to launch tho raft, right sldo up,
one of these lullntnble devices could lay a It is shaped llko a gigantic pear and tho with the utmost speed. When this nppa-
strong claim to tho nward, Intorlor !b nrranged In four atorloa. Tho rntuB, hastily sprung Into position by turn-
Tho old-fashioned life-bolt Idea la worked lowest, a sort of sub-collar, Is ladon with lng a crank, Is In placo the raft glides
out In n bewildering varloty of methods, ballast weighing many tons, so disposed smoothly to the sea surface, oven If loaded
from tho simplest to tho most complicated as to keep "rear" upright. Abovo that to Its maximum capacity. "Ours or sails may
system. Ono exhibitor contemplates the nro tho storerooms for tho provisions and be employed ns a motor for tho raft,
presentation of n llttlo pad of rubbor about general supplies. On tho next floor nro " Othor practical Inventions of tho same
nB big as a cardcaso to every passengor tho sleeping quarters and hospltnl and oxhlbltor nro a series of patent davits,
who mounts tho gangplank. "All a paa- abovo that tho dining and living rooma, Infinitely simplifying tho usual mothods of
songor hna to do," soya tho Invontor, "la As n design for a floating model the shipping lifeboats. Ily tho use of these
to hang tho pad around hla nock, If by plan wns oxcellent, but It was somowhnt davits, worked by powerful wlnehos opor-
UUNOAHIAN SHU' CARPENTER'S AHSENT-MJN11EI) DEVICE FOR LIFE-SAVING.
that aro used for most of tho commercial
cablo business and tho total length of tho
prlvnto lines Is nbout eight times that of
tho government cables.
Of courso on lnnd tho postolllco Is usu
ally established for somo time nnd porhaps
yenrs boforo tho Introduction of electrical
communications. Wo already havo poat
onlcoa at all tho posts up tho Yukon
through which tho telegraph will pnss.
Finland hns recently published a beautiful
atlas of that country giving tho minutest
Information about It In tbo best stylo of
tho cartographic art. It ahowa that across
tho oxtremo north of Finland thoro is no
moans of communication uxcept a slnglo
footpath. Tho post follows this narrow
path almost to tho extreme frontlor townnl
tho Arctic ocean, but tho telegraph hardly
crosses tho sixtieth parallel.
It may bo a long tlmo beforo tho tolo
graph Is extended to tho southom end of
South America, but for many years boforo
thero wns a sottlomont In Mngollan straits
all mariners passing through know of tho
keg fnstoned by a chain to a rock and thoy
wero expected, If thoy desired, to open It,
take out nnythlng addressed to them and
August 'JO, 1000.
deposit lottera to bo taken up by vessels
going ln tho other direction. No cable
passes through Torres atralt, but on th
unlnhnbited Hooby Island there la porhaju
tho most unlquo postolllco in tho world
Rough rocks havo been piled up to onclos"
three aides of a small square Bpaco. A
flat board roof Ilea on top ot tho walls
From the open side a box la seen within
and In tho box nro writing materials and
mail and white men travel from tho shores
of New Guinea to deposit or tako out let
tors. Many ships passing Ilooby Islntid
make a regular practice of stopping there
to put mall In the box or take letters
from It.
Englishman Surprised
Englishmen know llttlo of tho geography
of the "states," and whnt little they do
l.uow dors not object to putting Phllndcl
phla next door to Huston, or San FrnnclBco
alongside of Now York. An Amerlcnn nnd
nn Englishman, who had become friends
aboard hliip. had a pleasant encounter about
dlHtnucoB on reaching New York, relates
Youths' Companion.
Thoy breakfasted together, and the follow
ing conversation ensued:
"I guess I'll turn out to sec Hnrry, after
hieakfnst." snlil the Englishman.
"Harry?" queried the American, softly.
"Yes, my brother," explained the En
glishman. "I've two here. Harry lives In
San I'ranclsro and Charlie In Chicago,"
"Hut you'll be back for dinner?" face
tiously asked the American.
The Hrltlsber took him seriously. "Sure
for dinner, If not for lunch." he answered,
And nc(oiiipanlod by hla friend, now thor
oughly alive to the humor of tho Incident,
he found himself u few minutes Inter In tho
line of ticket buyers In tho Grand Central
depot.
"An excursion ticket to San Francisco,
stopping nt Chicago station on return," he
ordered.
Tho ticket agent put nbout a quarter of a
mile of pasteboard under bis stamp, pounded
It for a minute or more, thrust It beforo the
explorer nnd expectantly awaited payment.
"When does tho train go?" naked the En
glishman. "In ten minutes," wns tho nnswer.
"How much Is It?"
"Ono hundred nnd thirty-eight dollars and
fifty cents."
"What?" the Englishman gasped. "How
far Is It?"
"Threo thousand miles."
"Dear mo! Whnt a country!"
Prophecies of Malachi
It doesn't matter whothor you call them
tho "Prophecies of Malachi" or tho "Writ
ings of Malnchl," or whether they wero in
spired or not, says tho Now York Po8t, tho
fact remains that thoy aro Interesting. St.
Malachi was an ecclesiastic of tho oloventh
century, and If ho did not havo tho gift of
prophecy ho had a mnrvolous intuition aa
to future events. Ho mado a number of
famous predictions, many of which camo
truo, notably bis forecasts of tho succes
sors to tho Papacy, ills "century endings,"
too, havo been wonderfully accurate. For
tho close of tho present ho predicted a
"universal war, with fires and famlno."
Should China contlnuo ln Its present mood
thero can bo llttlo doubt of a universal
war, or, at least, a war In which nil of tho
great powers of tho earth ablo to wago ono
will bo engaged. With America, Great
Hrltaln, Russia, Franco, Germany and
Jnpnn In conflict against China, with nil
tho probable entanglements ensuing; with
Grcnl Urltaln nnd tho Uoors ln conflict in
South Africa; with ourselves suppressing
a banditti In tho Philippines, tho century
gives promise of ending in a riot of blood
shed. Of fires, wo havo had moro than tho
usual percentage, and of famine, India is
perishing. For tho first tlmo since tho
twelfth century thero Is n dlsputo as to his
prediction for tho Papacy. Hla characteri
zations In advance of 1'Ius VII, of Leo X, of
Pius VIII, of Gregory XVI, of Plus IX and
of Leo XIII, who havo been tho popes In
this century, havo boon exceedingly npt.
Ills prophecy for tho next, nccordlng to
somo, Is "Ardent Fire," signifying extra
ordinary zeal. According to others it is:
"Ono who hns earned distinction in forolgn
lands." Tho lntter la tho ono accepted most
generally, and of thoso ln tho cardlnalato
whom this would fit peculiarly well aro
Gotll, tho Carmollto monk, nnd Satolll,
who Is woll remembered ln this country.
Cardinal Gottl is tho son of a dock laborer
In Genoa, nnd wns a barefooted friar when
ho wns sent ns Internuncio to Ilrnzll ln tho
reign of Dnm Pedro.
What He Omitted
Chicago Post: "When you naked mo to
marry you," she said regrotfull,, "you
mado an oversight."
"In what way?" ho demanded.
"Well, you told mo how much you loved
me, but you neglected to say haw much
you loved your club. I didn't reallzo that
I was to havo a rival."
"Now. Is there anything meaner thnn a
sarcastic woman?" ho asked himself ns ho
stnrted for his cnr.
Pressure
Detroit Journal: "Tho Americans,"
observed the grand vizier, "nro pressing
their claims again."
"Isn't it funny," exclaimed his majesty.,
tho sultan, "that with all their being pressed
to much thoso clnlms don't get any
smaller?"
Forthwith the proper functionary of the
Imperial household promulgated an Irado,
or decree, cnlllng for general laughter
throughout thu empire.