August 11), 1000. THIS 1LLUSTHATK1) 11 IS IS. Chinese Poor Folk Wages Seven Cents a Day A rich Cliluniniiii wears silk, n poor ono cotton. Since tlio proportion of rich to poor Ih about ono In u thousand, It follows that tliu growth ami manufacture of cotton nro vital necessities. It Is thought that cotton culture was begun In the thirteenth century, the plant coming In from India, where U has been known for L',000 years. In spltu of Its uiiciiiulod agriculture, China tides not raise cotton for export, nor In fact enough for Its own needs. In tho growth and manufacture of It, as In every thing else, the aim Is not, as In these United States, save hand labor, but to use us much of It as possible. There arc no power-gins for taking out the seed. In stead, the Chinese use the little hand-gins very like those still to be found In tin homespun regions of the Appalachian chain. The gin Is nothing more than a couple of small wooden rollers, made fast In uprights ulHxed to a bench. They nre turned by a wooden crank, revolve one against the other and free the cotton of seed by drawing the lint through the nar row space between. The lint Is fed to them by hand and It takes a long and steady day's work to gin live pounds ol lint, which means twenty pounds of cot ton In the seed. The cotton Is carded simultaneously with the ginning. A second man stands at the end of the bench beating the clean cotton with the tee-kung, or earth bow, Into big, flaky "bats." These bats the women spin In vurlous wnys. Sometimes they use the of transportation anil travel over these eighty tulles that Is engrossing the experts of Kurope, America and Japan. Hannibal and Napoleon crossed the Alps, but 1 doubt If that was a feat which required better engineering or more endurance than would be required to transport an nrmy from Tien Tsln to I'ekln during the mouths of - --rf-. ' "'4, . ,J . , , ,MTr m 1 1 nil an CKM.; COTTON IN A ClllNUSH HOMU looked, but I know I was tb must 1111 attractive bridegroom that ever looked into a mirror. We arrhed at Tien Tsln, how ever, after four days and were properly married In I lie presence of the consul. The .Itiu cue lij Dirt Itoml. The Chinese have a saying that "men may trawl b dirt road or by water road, but the water road Is much the preferable " If what we have Just described Is the best method of travel In China any one en Imagine (he less desirable methods. How. ever, to Imagine them a little experience Is necessary. One of the Chinese ministers In Wnh Ington a few years ago in speaking of the various methods of travel said: "Yes. our Heating palaces ami I'ullman cars are all right for rapid transit, but for real solid comfort give me a I'ekln carl." The I'ekln cart Is like a large Sarntog.t trunk on two wheels. The shafls extend out behind a foot and a half and form a platform on which to strap one's baggage Ah I Ik mule trols the cart Is given a rocking moliou backward and forward similar to (he motion one gets In riding a camel Tlx' tart Is without springs and the wheels are made sullleieutly strong to carry the weight If they were without tires The tires are put on in sections elghieiu Inches In length and are only to keep Hie wheels from being worn out on the ground Add to this the fact that tho Chinese ncwr "work on the roads," but that a road is wherewr the earls happen to drive, and you get Home Idea of tho "solid comfort of a Chinese cart." Tho paHsenger la bumped up and down until he wishes his brain were resting upon a patent air cushion; he Is bumped backward and for ward and from Hide to side until, If he Is not careful, his head will be pounded iuin :i and one's shoes nre covered with a green tin old owe night, when they are lompelbd to carry with them their bedding and drag after 1 Item all the accouirciueuiH of an nnnj and bo prepared lo resist the at tacks of a hostile army strongly Intrenched and accustomed to nil the Hiiroiilldtiiit eon dll inns. Those who criticise the nlllcd I l oops for saying II Is Impossible to go in I'ekln befote September do not know the existing conditions in north China. 'lo I'll. Ill It Itlllll'Mllll. The third method of going to PcLm from Tien Tsln Is by railroad. Ily rati we are able to make the trip lit from throe to r.nir hours, wlih all the comforts attached to ralll'iad traveling Second -class the fare Is T." cenis. Ilrst elnss twice thai amount, ami In the postal car. which cor i t spends lo our parlor 01 sleeping cars the fare Ih 2."S. And yet this Is the method the conservative Chinese are light lug as compared with the other Iwo I haw Joel named. Their practice, however, t belter than their theory, for when th w Mi to go from one place lo the other they go by train and not by bent or can anil the railroad as a eons tpi -nee, In spile of nil the client lug done, has been paying some 20 to 110 per cent on the In vt simetit. Of course under the present condition--It Is unnecessary to speak of this a one of tho present methods, for the rallro:nl Is more or less destroyed, and will probably not be used until peace i restored and Ihe railroad repaired It t . folly lo talk about tho Chinese Innliiu but lied the large bridge tit Vang Tsuti, lie cause it Is made of Iron and could not be burned. A few of Ihe erosstles might lie burned, but otherwise n n Hreproof. The hii aller bridges over small streams and places whole Htreains are allowed lo p.n. 1.rSer dim CIIINKSK MKN WHO 13AHN SKVRN CUNTS A DAY. old-fashioned spinning wheel. Much oftener It Is something approximating tho ancient dlstnff. Tho spinner twirls it steadily, walking nround and nround as she twirls, thus winding tho lengthening thread Into very long hanks. If U Is spun and run Into broaches, or quills, they aro often reeled with a hand reel. Chinese In dustry Indeed Is ns Inveterate as Chinese economy. Women usually work at such reollng while thoy stand at gossip In tho alleyways between their houses. If thero Is no reel handy they will bo stitching upon a shoo sole, always a salable article Baro feet aro unknown In China, Even a beggar wears shoes, though ho may havo no other clothing than tliu head bowl, which serves both ns a hat and to hold out when thero Is a chance of alms. NiilliliiK Wasted In CI1I1111. Nothing Is wasted In Chlnn. Kven grass and wheat roots aro pulled up, washed, dried and used for fuel. Scraps of paper and cloth aro pasted togother to make tho In-soles of shoes, nits of wood aro glued to build up either a board or a post Women spinners ami strnw-plalters tarn 2 cents a day. Tho spinning, though, Is most commonly llko tho weaving at tho hand looms, only a part of unpaid house hold labor. Machlno-mado cloth and thread havo of Into come to bear heavily upon the cotton workers, hut that fact Is In a degroo offset by tho growing Importa tion of raw cotton. Still some of tho light yellow hnnd-mado fabric known tho world over as nankeen, from tho city of export, Nankin, Is shipped abroad. It Is made from a peculiar yellow staplo cotton, honco not dyed. Tho same yellow staple cotton Is grown and manufactured by Arcadians In Louisiana, hut tho fabric Is so coarse It does not compcto with tho Chtncso one. Flvo dollnrs a yonr will clotho a Chlneso husband nnd wlfo somothlng moro than decently. Underwear Is unknown, so Is fitting a garment. Tho only measures taken nro from the hip to tho ground and from tho mlddlo of tho breast to tho finger tips. Fnshlnns do not change. Winter garments and bedding nro wndded with cot ton. Onco n yenr thoy must bo ripped apart and washed, padding and all. How needful Is economy may bo Judged from a few figures, Unskilled laborers aro paid upon an averago 7 cents a day. Masons, carpenters and stonecutters, here a3 olsowhero tho aristocracy of labor, get from 2D to 30 cents a day. Work begins at sunrlso nnd kcops up until dnrk, not withstanding all which strikes aro vlrtn ally unknown, nnd tho Chinese laborer is tho happiest nnd most contented In all tho world. Three Routes to Pekin (Copyright, 1000, by I. T. Headland.) Thero aro no eighty miles In tho world today which are attracting so much atten tion ns the eighty miles of space between Tien Tsln nnd I'ekln and It Is the problem July and August and a part of .September Winter's cold stimulates to greater exer tion, summer's heat only enervates. Climbing mountains in winter tills men's blood with lire, wading through mud and water and mlsismic swamps in the heat of summer Mils men's blood with malaria and saps away their lives. Food can be kept for 11 whole nrmy in the cold of the Alps, but It soon spoils on an August day In the heat of a Chinese plain. Tho trip from Tien Tsln to I'ekln under ordinary circumstances may bo made In three ways Ilrst, by boat; second, by dirt road; third, by railroad and, as we have made the trip in all three ways and at all seasons of tho yenr, a description of how wo made it may not prove uninteresting. The Trip h limit. An American In I'ekln who wishes to be married must either Import tho United States consul from Tien Tsln or himself go to Tien Tsln to be married. We choso the latter method nnd started from Tung Chou on a bright day In tho early part of June. It was In tho evening when wo weighed anchor, which wo did by unhook ing the anchor from tho shore, tho women of the party In ono bout nnd the men In an other. The wind was not quite fair nnd so our boatmen concluded to row rather than hoist the sails. Wo traveled until about 10 o'clock, when we dropped anchor by hooking ourselves to tho bank out In tho open country. Tho next morning tho wind was blowing so strong as to mako It almost impossible to travel, but wo Insisted upon moving nnd offered extra money for extra work. About 10 o'clock, however, tho wind was so strong ns to make It impossible for us to round a particularly sharp curve and we were blown ngalust Hie bank, where we remained three days anil nights, the wind blowing a gale and tho ulr Illicit with clouds of dust so that we could not see a distance of a hundred feet. Wo shut our boat up tight and concluded to wait for the storm to pass over. All day It blew and the boats being full of cracks and hides tho dust and dirt sifted In on us from every Hide. Wo went to bed nnd In tho morning when we awoke wo could not open our eyes; the eyelids were glued together with mud. 1 cannot tell how my wife SIIOttINC HOW A CIIINUSF YUiMW I SI'S 1 1 lMt I UST ! I' ll Jelly or covered over with scars ir though It had come In coiii.m t with John I.. Somebody's strong right arm. For three days you must bump over these roads, bieathlug In the clouds of alkali dust which Is kicked up by your two mules, or perhaps by the mules of a cart or two Just ahead of you, so that when you nunc into ihe Inn you are covered from head to fool with dust in a way that would make a coal digger, as compaied with youtxcir, a respectable looking guest. Thero aro two other met hods of mak ing tho trip from Tien Tsln to I'ekln by dirt road. Tho ono Is by horse, mule 01 donkey back nnd tho other is afoot. How ever, I have known members of our uui vorslty in I'ekln who, when going from tin city to tho western hills on horseback, had to dismount, strip and lie their cloth lug to their horse's head and swim with their horse across the mads whii h ha I turned Into rivers. In such a condition ol affairs it Is easy to understand what wmi'd bo the dilll ultles of making a Hip to I'ekln in tho heat of August by soldiers who an unaccustomed to the climate, whore a drenching rain comes up in half an h 111 undi r the i.iilrnail (luring the raiu sea sou might easily be burned If they could got other fuel to pile up uriiund them. Uui this Is not an easy matter In a country where one may walk miles without llmllng a piece of wood large enough for a wulMug stick. However, It is certain Hint both the railroad ami some of the bridges are de stroyed and that when Ihe nllles wish go to I'ekln they will have lo go by dirt road, which Is Ihe worst of bad methods of travel In China. Direct from ffSSi J f f Consumer TO I F Pu I i'qii rt 8, j fl 1 "A i!prcn i'aiJ.'rrrYii H Saves Middlemen's Milt iV H Profits. I'revtMtls I AVV Lm A il ii 1 1 it rn 1 1 ii m II I tl.irlj- L . F"P Effl HAYNEEB gEVEll-YCAn OLD 0 frWT n i'AW'ER DSTILLlNpp i ! ffefffl ft. B t sir SPINNING HY MISSION WOMEN IN CHINA. rilileejclirHttK I Il'-H(ilnf died Ihe In d uIiihIik)' mad. miiiIhoM it illleet t il coll. HIIIIUMH We l .nc tliollH-iilld- (if cliullilll i'H in i c J ftulo iiinl want more; e t Ii e re f n I o M.I,. t Ii f o I . I..VVH u Proposition: Wc will .lend you foil r lull quart buttles of II... u... ... . ...j ... . " sS, ri ear Old Double xBu ctineer IMslllliil Wye lnr $.t.io, Hxpreis Prepiild. We ,lilp in pbiln pnckiigcs no niurkti In Inilli'iite I contents. When ytui get It and test It, I II It Isn't xatlslaticry return It at our I cxpcuie, nnd we will return your S.t.Jo. Such w liUkcy cannot be piuchujeiUi.se- wlivre lor less tluin fl.iio, Kri Kiii n('.h Htiiln Nul l Hunk, 81 Louis, ( i nun am i iiaiuc, nayioii. or an) of tho I'.xpieHH i ouipanies. WUITIJ K) NI1AKI1ST AI)l)UI!SS. THE HAYNER DISTILLING GO. 305 307 $. Seventh St., ST. l.OUIS, MO. 226.232 West rifth St., DAYTON, OHIO. P S. Oritur fur An: , Col., (!al . Mnliii, Mimt Mv , . JIM ()i.i . IMiih, nli ,)0. mii.i I uti ii,r 'iiiim,,ii) iitiiuui i.riM'iiei, oginiruiuciinimvo in in w in tin its iiiiiynyren -r.