(
THE ILTjUST It ATE D BEE.
July l!i, 1000.
Modern Progress
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"Ily IIh position New York Is cortaln lo
liocoino u city of ninny ami mighty bridges,"
Bays n wrltur In AIiihIou'h Magazine. "Tho
llrooklyn brldgo lias been ono of tho city's
glories hIiico Its completion and lias been
ruckoned one of tho wonders of tho world,
lint othur bridges far surpassing It aro no.v
pioji'cted. Tho cornpletloti of u series of
groat bridges nrross tho Knst, North and
llnrlom rivers will do moro than provide
a great convenience. They will glvo tho
city an appearance- of sightliness and finish
which will greatly heighten Its Impression
of mngnlllconco ami power. Ah bridge arch
itecture In Its profcnt form Is distinctively
an Amerlcun product, It Is worth while- lo
consider at soinu length tho character of
theso now structures nnd their probable
effect upon tho city.
"Ilrldgo construction In New York will go
on at a rapid, rate for tho next decade
To unlto tho two great cities which now
constitute tho greater city no less than
four now bridges to span tho Hunt river
Clara Clriiy
COUNCIL I1LUFFS ANGLKUS
are planned ur actually In process of con
struction. On tho woBtorn sldo of tho city
tho greatest brldgo of tho world Is projected
to cross tho Hudson and contracts for Us
erection hnvu been let. Add to theso tho
existing llrooklyn brldgo and tho half dozen
great spans that now cross the Harlem,
nnd New York hoouis to be in a fair way
noon to realize Its destiny In this particular
direction.
"Of thosu vntloiiH enterprises tho ono
furthest afoot at present Is the new Kast
river brldgo. It Is to connect llrooklyn
and Manhattan at a point nbout n mllo
above tho present brldgo. Its piers are
now abovo tho water and, nB IIiobo familiar
with brldgo building aro aware, tlila moans
that In paint of tlmo it is more than half
completed. According to tho plans of the
construction, It Is to bo ready for uso by
tho end of tho year 1001,
"Tho Kast river bridge Is tho model of
the other three bridges which will bo built
about tho city. Ono of theso Is to cross
tho river midway between tho two bridges
mentioned, n second la to bo located nbout
a mile above tho Kast rlvor brldgo nnd tho
third Is to connect .Manhattan with Long
Island City. This will not bo n suspen
slon brldgo, but a cantilever, with one pier
resting on tho lower ond of Hlnckwell's
Idund.
A Wo iderfiil llrhlu.
"Although tho now Kast rlvor bridge Is to
surpass tho llrooklyn bridge ns an engineer
ing marvel, it Is not likely to hold 11 Ml place
for long, It will bo eclipsed almost as soon
ns It Is finished by n great railway bridge
across the Hudson between Now York nnd
Now Jerioy. It Is promised that this will bo
tho most woudorful span of its kind in tho
world; it will bo nenrly twice as largo as
any suspension bridge now in existence. Its
steel towers will rUo to tho height of 5S7
feet abovo high water moro than 250
feet abovo tho Statue of Liberty and half
ngalu ns high as tho tallest skyscraper In
tho city.
"Its main span will stretch 3,254 feet be
tween piers, twlco as far as thosu of the
llrooklyn nnd Kast river bridges. The
brldgu completo will bo moro than two
miles long.
"Tho purposo of tho New York and Now
Jersey brldgo Is to afford entrance to tho
city for tho various railroads now having
tholr terminus on tho Jersey shore When
fully completed It will Include an Immense
union terminal station In the vicinity of
Seventh avenue nnd Flfty-llrst street, In
Now York. Tho construction of this brldgo,
In Bridge Building
llko that of tho Kast river brldgo, Is In tho
hands of u commission. Contracts for a
part of tho work have boon let, nnd tho
promoters of tho project say that tho bridge
will bo completed In seven years. It will
cost $23,000,000 and with tho land approaches
and tho slto for tho termlnnl will Involve
tho expenditure of fully $60,000,000. Hut It
will bo tho Colossus among bridges.
"Tho effect of all theso bridges with their
lofty steel columns nnd Blonder spans will b3
very grncoful and pleasing, nnd thoy will do
much to glvo tho city n distinctive and at
tractive charncter. Tho usefulnes3 of tho
llrooklyn brldgo has boon hampered and Its
appearance impaired by Inadequate ap
proaches. Tho now bridges will not sudor
from this defect, for tho approaches aro to
begin four or llvo blocks away, and by tholr
artistic treatment tho surrounding district
will bo greatly improved.
llrnoUlj'ii llrlilK' Oiid-liiNNCtl.
"No bottor Illustration of tho rapidity
with which tho art of brldgo construction
A " KINK" CATCH.
has been advancing In this country could
bo obtained than will bo presented by theso
two bridges of almost equal dimensions,
standing only n mile apart. Tho llrooklyn
brldgo Is, comparatively speaking, n new
t'tructuro. It was opened for tralllc In 18S1.
Nevertheless, tho new span, while built on
tho same principle, will bo very dlfforout In
general nppenrnnco.
"The contrast that will appeal most strik
ingly to tho eyo in a comparison of tho two
structures will bo in tho nppenrnnco of tho
great lowers cnrrylng tho cables on which
tho bridges rest. In tho Brooklyn brldgo
these towers aro of solid masonry for their
full height, nnd their dimensions bring
homo to every beholder nu ldcn of solidity
and strength. Firm as tho eternal hills
whence wo camo, thoy Beem to any. In tho
new bridge tho masonry piers will extend
only n short dlstnnco nbovo tho wnter The
towers will bo of skeleton stcol construction
Slender nnd open, springing nway to the
MH. AND MRS. CHAHLKS F.
5
height of 333 feet, they will look light nnd
fragile besldo tho solid stone of tho older
brldgo. Hut stool plates nnd nngles nre us
durabln ns mnsonry, much cheaper, moro
elnstlc nnd cnsler to erect. Of tho Hrok yn
brldgo tho towers weigh five tlmos nB much
n nil tho rest of tho structure together.
Of tho Knst river brldgo they will weigh
ntout tho snmo as tho mnln span. Tho sub
stitution of steel for stono In brldgo work
Is an American development. It hns made
Amorlcnn bridges tho lightest nnd cheapest
In tho world.
Tin- SdlTeiiliiK TriiMN.
"Next to tho towers tho most unique fea
turo of tho new bridge will bo tho great
Btlffonlng truss which will extend from pier
to pier. In tho past ono dllllculty with
suspension bridges hns been tho swnylng of
tho main span duo to tho force of tho wind!
or tho shocks Incident to tralllc. The truss
will prevent this, will glvo stability to tho
structure nnd will relievo tho strain which
otherwise would cotno upon tho towers nnd
cables. It will bo of steel, forty-flvo feet
high, n groat metal fence along each side
of tho brldgo rondway.
"Tho work of building tho Kast river
brldgo may bo said to have begun In 1802,
when the charter for It was granted. It was
not until three years later, however, that tho
plans weru completed nnd tho legal dllll
cultles clenred nway. Then tho cities of New
York nnd llrooklyn, at that time two dif
ferent municipalities, took up the matter nnd
turned it over to n commission which has
had it In charge since that time. In the
spring of 1S97 tho work of nctual construc
tion was begin and has since gone steadily
on. Tho construction of the bridge began,
as otic might naturally suppose, with the
laying of the foundations. Hut theso liavo
been built, contrary to natural supposition,
from tho top downward. Tho task of carry
ing the foundations to bed rock, beneath
tho wnter nnd mud of the river, has been nc
compllshed by means of caissons such as aro
now used In all underwater work of this na
ture. "The tops of the four niasonnry piers of
Hie completed bridge nri to bo twenty-thrco
feet above high water. The towers will rlso
above them to tho height of 333 feet, or six
feet higher than thoso of tho llrooklyn bridge.
The object in having loftier towers Is to glvo
n shnrper deflection to tho cnbles carrying
tho bridge platform than there Is In tho
older bridge.
"The main span of the bridge will be sup
ported by four cables, each one eighteen
Inches in diameter. Tho strands of tho ca
ble aro to bo three-sixteenth of an inch In
diameter, and CS.O0O of them will be required
to make ono of tho big supports. Knch sep
arate wire has n sustaining power of two
and one-half tons, which makes tho full ca
ble strength equal to a strain of 170,000
tons.
"Tho cables will pass over the tops of tho
steel towers on grent sliding saddles. Their
weight nnd thnt which they will carry will
bo held In position by linmenso nnchornges
placed between COO nnd nnd GOO feet back of
tho bridge piers on each shore. These
nnchornges nre of masonry, 100x150 feet, and
together will weigh, when completed, 160,
000 tons, or thirteen times as much ns tho
main span of tho bridge itself.
"Tho new brldgo will bo n mile nnd three
quarters In length, 135 feet above tho water
ELLER, FAMILY AND GUESTS PICNICKING AT FlllESS' LAKE.
In the center nnd US feet wide It is In
tended to enrry two elevated ral.roa 1 tracks,
four surface car tracks, carriage ways, foot
nnd blcyclo paths. It Is estimated that tho
cost of the brldgo proper w.ll be $7,500,000,
but with the expense of approaches the cost
will more marly reach $12,000,000."
Told Out of Court
In a sketch of the career of Lord Morris,
a representative of the "Tribes of Calway"
and a member of the Irish bench for thirty
three years, a Iimlon paper relates a num
ber of stories Illustrating his wit and wis
dom. Lord Morris never lost the melll
llutus broguo vhlch distinguish West cf
Ireland folk. This characteristic provides
the groundw rk for at least two stories told
of him. On one occasion the noble lord,
twice an occupant of the Irish bench, was
present nt a wedding In c mpany with
Judge Keogh. Morris was lamenting that
he had forgcttou to throw an old shoo after
the bride and brldegr om, when Keogh re
marked: "Throw your brogue after them;
It will do Just as well." At another time
Lord Morris was sitting at the Four Courts
as lord chief Justice of Ireland, when a
young barrlnter frcm the north arose nerv
ously to make his (list nntlon. Tho Judge
had declared that no one listening to him
self would ever take him for anything but
an Irishman, v.hlch was prefeclly correct.
Hut Oalway c uld net understand Antrim.
Tho lord chief Justice leaned over the bench
to ask tho ass elate where tho barrister
hailed from. "County Antrim," was the
response. Then asked his lordship of the
nllUial: "Old ye Ivor enme across slch a
frightful acclnt in tho cotlise of yer loife?"
When Lord MorrU' first went the Cju
naught circuit, whero he had practiced be
f. re his elevation to the bench at the early
ago of 31), ho gave many specimens of hU
natlvo wit. At one assize town tho Judge
arrived late, and tho grand Jury, after being
sworn In, sent down a true bill In a very
simple case. Intended to 111 1 up tho spare
time of tho court for tho "heel" of tho even
Ing. It was a case of tho abducticn of a
small farmer's daughter by a shopkeeper,
who could net nrrange tho matter of duwiy
to tho satisfaction of his sweetheart's re
lations. Tho accused had met tho maid
near his shop, and had kept her, halt
resisting, half-consenting, on his premises
In company with nn elderly female relative.
Tho offense was, therefore, only of a tech
nical character. Mr. Charlie O'Malley
made n wonderful speech for tho prlsjner,
In tho courso rf which ho told tho frlezo
conted Jurors that thoy wero tho most In
telligent, high-minded nnd naturally gifted
men ho had over nddresscd. Mr. Justice
Morris, when tho proper tlmo came, said
to tho Jury: "You havo seen by friend's,
Mr O'Malley, nmuslng performance. Dis
miss it from your minds, and don't go homo
to your honest wives with peacocks' feathers
In your hats to proclaim tho distinction he
pllts upon you. I am compelled to direct
you to find a verdict of guilty In this case,
but you will easily seo that I think It is n
trilling thing, which I regard ns qulto unfit
to occupy my time. It Is more valuable
than yours. At least, It Is much better
paid for. Find, theref re, tho prisoner
guilty of abduction, which rests, mind ye
on four point j the father was not av. re,
tho mother was not opposed, the girl was
willing and the boy was convaynlent."
After tho verdict the Judge sentenced tho
prisoner to remain In the dock till the ris
ing of the court. Then, turning to the
sheriff, ho said: "Let's go." Ileforo the
"boy" was clear of the dock the Judge's
head appeared again. Marry tho girl nt
once," he said, "and God bless you both."
Ono day It fell to the lot of Lord Morris
ti hear a caso at Coleralno, In which dam
ages wero claimed from a veterinary sur
geon for having poisoned a valuable horse.
Tho issue depended upon whether a certain
number of grains of a particular drug could
be safely administered to tho animal. A
dispensary doctor proved that ho had often
given eight grains to n man, from which
It was to bo Inferred that twelve for a
horso was not excessive. "Never mind
yer eight grains, docther," said the Judge.
"We all know that somo poisons aro cumu
lative In effect, nnd ye may go to the edge
of ruin with Impunity. Hut tell mo this:
Tho twelvo grains wouldn't thoy kill tho
dlvll himself If ho swallowed them?" The
doctor was annoyed and pompously replied;
"I don't know, my lord, I never had him
for a patient." From tho bench camo tho
answer: "Ah! no, docther, yo nlver had,
more's tho pity. Tho old bhoy's still alive."
The30, of course, nre stories of the early
days of a brilliant career, in which politics
it one time played a considerable part. In
later years Lord Morris has always followed
with keen ci ncern the fortunes of his coun
try, and he Is credited with sundry caustic
observations concerning home rule. An
. 'dent bcpnrntlst emce observed to him that
in his opinion Mr. Gladstone was a heaven
born genius. "Then," said Lord Morris,
"mny It be n Rug time before heaven is
again In nn Interesting condition."
"You understand, of course," pursued the
law or, "what Is meant by a 'preponderance
of evidence?' "
"Yes, sir," replied tho man whom ho wns
examining with reference to his qualifica
tions as a Juror.
"Let mo havo your Idea of It, If you
please."
"I understand It, I toll you."
"Well, what is it?"
"Why, anybody can undorstnnd that."
"Still, I would llko to havo your dotlnl
tlon of It."
"I know what It Is, all right. When I
tell you I know what n thing Is I know It.
That's all thero Is about that."
"Well, What was tho question I nskod
you?"
"You ought to know what that was. If
you'vo forgot your own questions don't try
to get rao to remember them for you."
"I don't want to henr any moro of that
kind of talk," Interposed tho court. "An
swer the questions addressed to you by tho
counsel."
"Judge, I did. Ho asked me If I know
what It was, and 1 said I did."
"Aro you suro you understand what Is
meant by tho term 'preponderance of ovl
donco?' "
"Of courso I am, Judge."
"Woll, let us hear your Idea of It."
"It's evidence that has been previously
pondered."
When You Visit
Washington Post: If a pleasure Is pro
posed, accept It. You aro expected to be
entertained.
The host's chair nnd tho host's desk nre
not to bo Invaded.
Keep your own room neat. Disorder Is
most trying to tho maid, who will complain
of It.
And bo agreeablo to all guests, whether
you llko them or not.
Always ask your hostess what her plans
aro for tho day and abldo by them.
All visitors should recollect that their
ovenlngs belong to tho host and hostess and
they are expected to add to their enjoyment.
Absent yourself some hours In the morn
ing, so that tho mlstreps of the house will
have n chance to sottlo her nffnlrs. This
sort of consideration Is appreciated.
Ho stono blind, deaf and dumb to nil
family matters of nn unpleasant nnture In n
household. Ilo punctual at meals. To bo
lato is a disrespect to your hostess -bad
form for yourself.
His Own Medicine
Philadelphia Press: "Yes," said the
faith curlst, who had taken tho stand In his
own defense, "wo euro by tho laying on of
hands."
"Well," thundered tho coroner, forget
ting his oniclal dignity for tho moment, "if
I wero a relative of tho deceased you'd be
cured In tho samo way and tho hands would
bo laid on pretty violently, too,"
