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TRAGIC SEOUEL TO A PUN
Momentary Carelessness Causes the Death of
" * 'a Noted Lisbon Scientist.
INOCULATED WITH BUBONIC PLAGUE GERMS
Itllll .SCIiaiUlollN "t ll -
5 } MIlllOIIIN ,
IH-iiill- illmMirfe IModiU'il for < lie
1)-IK-III t > jM'U'iiri He
roic Dontli hccnc.
Tho-death of Dr. Canmra Pestanf. , tlio
head W the ' BactorioloKlcal Institute of
Lisbon , Portugal , has dealt the saddest blow-
to the scientific circles ot Lisbon that has
been struck at It slnco the organization of
the Institute. The manner of his death , his
heroic devotion to the cauao of bclenco to
which , ho had given the best efforts of his
llfo avil the trhlal circumstance tohlcli
his death was due , are graphically told by
o. correspondent of the Philadelphia Times.
Ho1 owed hl death to a Jest , a pun , the off
spring of hlH ready vvlt. Ho was standing
beblde. the , dissecting table at the tlmo and
had been studying the plague bacilli in the
corjiso' of1a bubonic victim brought from
Opovto. where IIP had devoted his services to
the relief ot the stricken. A friend had
called upon him and they were chatting to-
Kethcr. The doctor loaned against the table
beside him and lightly the two dlscuBsc.l .
BOIIIO trivial occurrence. Then the doctor
bet both laughing- a ready pun upon a
iiamo that was mentioned. AH ho laughed
his hand dropped to his side and In so doing
touched the sham point ot the n-alpcl bcslue
the body. A moment before It had been
liroblng the Ijmplmtlcs of the victim of the
deadly scourge and the ylrus was upon the
point. It Just penetrated the cuticle and the
tiniest Mi op lit blood showed on the surface
of HID skill'but tlw-diimago Irrevocably
dotio nnd the Inoculation had taken place.
The gravity of the circumstance was at
wu-o amirvciiitcd nndevery , posslblo precau
tion taken to prevent the taking hold tf the
Kcrm ot tllsiMSu. but all to no avail. Within
twenty-four hours the Im-ubatlon h.ul taken
place The deadly bacilli was In the blood
Bud doing-Its work atd ) all that remained
was for the p'ntlent to be re-moved to some
lhoUte I epot whcio he r mlil light with death
without endangering the ilvos of thoto about
for his removal
HP himself gave the directions
moval to' tuivwlnp or the Uospltal to which
virulent contagious diseases were assigned.
Once there ho was attended by two students
described th precautions that
of his , IJo
they bliould take while remaining with him
to prevent their falling victims to the con-
( afiion , nnd tlu-n set about studying the
p > n > ptomB of his dfseaso as they de\eloped.
analyzing iiml illbcuwlns'tUcm to his nttend-
nnts ull the time , and explaining the treat
ment that would rellcAo them of their p. tn.
Womlt'rrii ! SI < II > | HIII ,
Pn matVcra proceeded for another day uu-
III the dlscjisn ' becumo , more mnrknl and the
ceitainty of de'.uh iwamo to lilm. Ills stol-
i-ltm was wonderful. Not one thought of
himself appeared to enter his mind. He was
only Interested that the others did not be
come affected with the dUeaso and that
hdcnco should bencllt by his own experi
ence. So as the disease proureptxl heh -
' .dly descrlbenl the symptoms ami conditions
to his fellows and lectured to them upon the
theory of the awful scourge.
A more tragic scene can scarcely be pic
tured. In the lliiln plnln cot In the big
empty hospital rogm ho1 [ ay. There was no
furnishing HIV it. ' slnglt table lies hie him.
1Kb two attendants stoofl beside him and
noted the calm fnco and wonderful courage
nnd marveled. Ho was more settled and sod -
d to than the ) Hta uilud uecmed to be tbat
or the professor who had stood so recently In
the Institute amphitheater to describe the
ravages of the scourge , while his body ap
peared to bo that ot another a patient upon
whom ho was lecturing. Lifted entirely
nbovo himself he was two persons In one.
The two companions were so Impressed by
the solemnity and marvel of the spectacle
tbat they drank In every word ho uttered.
Their minds retained every speech and either
of them could have afterward repeated al
most verbatim the conversation when they
finally left the chamber of death. This , In
deed , Dr. Cabllla did In his diary.
DrnrrllilnK \ r.SrliMiiUoilN. \ .
The first symptoms of the disease were sc-
vbro chills that afflicted him Immediately
after his removal to the isolated wing.
Tteeo are the natural forerunners of the
disease , " he said. "They Invariably appear.
They nrp harmless. There Is no need tryIng -
Ing to stay them except for the comfort of
the patient , for they mean nothing but a
piemonltlon of the change that is going on
within. Soon they will be followed with
HushcH of heat and with fever , nnd by to
morrow I will doubtless begin to feel the
rigors that are to announce the ical hold of
the dibeaao beginning. "
And , as he said , the next day the Hushes
of heat came , followed by the Inteneo rigors
of the muscles when the stiffened limbs
seemed as though they would never relax.
Ills mental and physical prostration at these
times was great , but he always managed to
gain Btrength enough to discuss his condi
tion and analyze It.
"Hcforo the end of the day , " he said , "I
Hhr.lt have severe headaches and vertigo , fol-
li.wcd by Intcnso nausea and vomiting.
There Is no relief from the headache , but the
vomiting and nausea may be stayed to an
extent without cither weakening the patient
or precipitating the fatnl stages of ihc dlu-
ease. When It comes blmply treat the ver
tigo as you would were It the result of a
slight stomach disorder and pay no further
attention to It. "
K.xactly as he had described these condi
tions existed. They weakened him materi
ally , and were followed by a Hteadlly gain
ing fever that seemed to consume every
mcmbrano of his body. Slowly U rose nnd
would not bo checked by any means that
could bo employed.
It was then the first evidence of a bubonic
swelling appeared. This began with tender
ness and some pain , followed by a gT.diMl
enlargement. The size of the swelling stead
ily Increased and the pain continued. Tor
this the only relief was an Injection of mor-
I lilap. but this ho would not permit , saying
Unit If the GcnalbllltleH wern dulled In any
way he might not be able to study them as
effectively.
"Tho swelling will Increase until It reaihrs
the slzo of an egg. It may oven he larger.
There Is no use trying to dissipate It , for this
Is the blgnal that the poison has entered the
blood and bcccmo septic and that all the
lymph glands all over the body are carrying
the virus All of them will bo similarly
effected , and If my strength lasts long
enough they will rupture and great ulcers
will form. Death will come about the sev-
onlh day with my vital force , I should cay ,
though there Is blight chanceof recnxer/
if I pasa beyond that day. There vae not
enough of the \lrus on the point of the
scalpel to produce death In lees time than
that , although In the most virulent comll-
ti-n deith Is almost sure to entue inilde of
forty-eight hours , certainly In four days.
1 The tinntal exhaustion ( f the patient was
'cotibtantly ' Increasing. At any time tint the
fever reso l.eycnd 103 degrees dcllrluri wag
likely to follow , and perhaps If the fever
was Intense enough , hallucination and ma
niacal excitement. If continued ! , stupor wag
' then sure to ensue , and possible coma , U
, was these that Dr I'estana feared most ,
for ho wished to die describing each uymp-
t < n and change In bis condition.
There really sccuieJ a likelihood tbat Jellr-
lum would como to him , but ho was spared
this except for n short time on the second
night. His face was flushed and daik. His
eyes were dull , with the pupils extended.
His expression was anxious and haggard. It
seemed that twenty years had been added
to his age In a day. Instead of a man of Ito
In the full bloom ot strength , he had suddenly -
denly become a man ot 50. Had emaciation
followed ho would have dried up and with
ered away like a man ot SO , but the disease
was too swift for that.
Ho w-as constantly asking about the con
dition of his mouth and throat. "When the
ulccratlon of the tonsils , the congestion of
the pharynx nnd the parching of the tongue
and Bkln begin , then the dissolution will
probably follow within forty-eight hours.
Is my tongue coated or the pulse Irregular ?
I feel no great thirst. These are the signs
of death. When they como watch for the
abeccsses nnd carbuncles that nro likely to
follow. Do not try to relieve them. I want
you to dissect them and study them partic
ularly after , for wo know almost nothing
about them. "
At the beginning of the. third day ho be
gan to ask for drink more often than be
fore. "Is my tongue not parched yet ? " he
asked , and his voice was almost eager , as
though ho were anxious for the signs of
death to make themselves manifest. And In
truth ho was ; not that ho wished to hasten
It through any desire to have an end of the
sufierlng , but simply that ho wished his case
to bo a perfect example ot the disease and
1U ravages.
HiiMliI I'rojrrt'HM of ( lie Mlcrolir.
"You see that the culture of the microbe
In the blood is very fast , and once It attacks
tbo UFHUO there Is no staying It. It travels
to every part ot the body nnd every mem
brane IB affected by It. Kvery organ Is op
pressed by It except the pancrease. All the
others must product ! ulccratlon. In my case
the stomach and heart should bo splendid
specimens of its effect , unless , " and his face
darkened , "tho slight weakucts of my heart
should glvo way under the strain and I
should dlo of heart disease.
"Hut I do not believe It will , " and ho
looked relieved. "I hope that the effect will
be very plain. "
"When you examine the heart look for a
degeneration of the pericardium and an ex-
cefB of the pcrlcardlac fluid. You will find
the stomach ulcerated anil perhaps a few
small hemorrhages have taken place In some
of the smaller glands. The liver , spleen and
kidneys should show the same condition ,
perhaps to a lesser extent. The Intestines
will probably show a tumor or two , and
perhaps hemorrhages of a similar character
to those of the stomach , Dut I do not believe
that mine will show a well developed tu-
morlc condition , so they will probably not
bi > aa good bpcclmens as I wish they were.
"If my death Is long delayed you will
likely find u brownish degeneration of the
bones , particularly of the femur.
"Tho lungs will surely bo blood full and a
condition will exist somewhat as In pneu
monia. There will ho abscr te.s , too. I do
not think the aesophagus will bo altered
while the larynx and pharnyx will present
an Interesting study. Cannot you see the
j ( brownish mcmbrano forming over my ton-
alls as he opened his mouth I feel as
thnnp.li that were cnmlng on now. "
Dr. Cabllla examined the throat and
mouth of the patient carefully. When ho
ceased Dr. 1'c.stana had read In his face the
truth. "Tho end Is coining , " ho cried.
"Well , you can do nothing further now.
The death agony will begin In about ten
hours. "
l'"a r > - \ < 11 I n M I r HIT 11 o u N ,
Then ho began to talk of the arrangement *
for h's ' funeral , and hl post-mortem ex
amination. "You must very carefully com
pile the results you find and send them to
the Pasteur Institute in I'arls. When 1
studied there I promised that they should
have the results of a post-mortem examina
tion of my body If it were worth while. I
did not dream then that so important a re
sult would attach to my death.
"Do very careful in dealing with the mi
crobe. I would examine a bit of blood from
, the linger tips Immediately after death. You
:
' will find that it contains many of the rod-
! shaped microbes , rounded at both extremi
ties. The poles will he more deeply stained
than the central portion , much like the
cholera bacillus. In the glands , which you
need not examine right away , you will llnd
I many of them , and you may find some In
'
the lungs , the heart , the brain and the spinal
I cord. You ought to llnd the brain rather
softer than you would expect. Kxamlne It
carefully and see If you can detect any or
ganic change. If you propagate the bacilli
be very careful with It. You can cultivate
it in blood serum or In bouillon or in steril
ized milk. You will llnd that It will retain
Its virulence almost Indefinitely , but that it
can bo killed In a temperature of SO degrees
Centigrade. Carbolic acid and concentration
of lime will do It as well.
"If you Inoculate animals with It try In
halation. I ha\e not been very successful In
infecting by this means , though It can un
doubtedly bo done. It is done , in fact , In
human life. The contagion Is certainly spread
In that way. H can be roadlly administered
through the food , too , quite ns readily as
by Inoculation.
"In making an examination you will find
that the blood of the finger will tell of the
presence ot the disease more often than any
other means. In 97 per cent of the casw I
have known the germs were so discovered.
To make euro of your diagnosis nfter the
disease develops examine the lluld aspirated
from the glandular swelling. It Is sure to
betray the truth If the other has not cer
tainly fattened you.
"I hope you will be nblo to find Inoculation
preventive. I am sure It can bo done , though
1 have not succeeded as well as I had hoped
in my experiments. "
And ho continued until he had explained
every detail of his disease and Its patho
logical effects upon his body. Ho described
minutely ull that they could expect to find
In every part of his body and asked them to
bo verv careful to understand clearly cer
tain things that were still obscure to him
about the effects of the disease on the sys
tem. Ho emphasized ngaln and again the
need of the dltcovery of a preventive In In
oculation and explained over and over
again the precautions they were to take to
prevent contagion and the spread of the
malady.
In Ihr Vllll ' .v of Uic Shining.
This continued until night when the fever
had reached Its height and had deprived
him of his power of thought. Ho was delir
ious all tluough the night and conbtnntly
was opprei-sed by hallucinations , Imagining
hinuclf nguln at Opoiio working among the
plague patients for whom ho did so noble a
work. Then the cxi-ltojutnt Increased and
maniacal tendencies were displayed , and
finally the stupor nnd coma that ho had pre
dicted. Thcro were no spasms such as ho
bald might eneuo after the coma disap
peared. On the other hand , ho came out of
It f lowly back to hl own strong mind.
jlo was greatly cnerxatcd and had not the
strength of mind or body to contlnuo his
dlscufglons of lilt ; condition. That hi * mind
was btill working with It was plainly evi
dent , clnro from time to time some remark
would Hash out that displayed BOIDO new
feature of tbo cabe. Hut ho ha < } evidently
exhausted the possibilities of his case , for
he finally began to simply repeat the more
Important admonitions.
In thin way be slowly aunt. , his strength
leaving him gradually with muchlegs Buf
fering than he had expected. Gvcn at the
end though bo allowed thorn la give him
b'tlmulanU , he would not take anything to
deaden hlu sensibilities. Shortly-before ho
died he eald ; "U cannot laat more than a
half hour longer. " And then ho began
again to lecture In broken sentences until
the words died on his lips and he gasped his
la&t breath.
A more complete abnegation of self and
Its Intel ests for the benefit of science has
never come to the attention of the medical
profession In Lisbon. Every one is praising
his heroism. Naturally the death has made
a deep Impression on all his comrades , and
as a mark of alfectlon an much as anything
else they followed his instructions to the
letttr In the matter of conducting a complete
post mortem examination. No precaution
was neglected , nnd the results attained
when ( hey are summarized will be sent to
the Pasteur institute at Paris , and will bo
formulated and published , giving the re
sults to the world with all their Important
bearing on the dreadful disease and Us al
leviation , If not Its cure.
At the present time , according to Dr.
Pcstana himself , there is no cure. Any one
who In afflicted and escapes death recovers.
Ho' is not cured.
A curious fact was the verification of the
last sentence he spoke before death. He
said : "After death the temperature of the
body will Increase rather than diminish for
several da > s. In about four days it will
reach Its maximum , probably 10S degrees.
Then It will subside. " The only thing In
which his prediction failed was In the fig
ures. The body recorded a temperature or
109.4 degrees four days after death. It thor
subsided.
WAR IS XOT SO DK.Ull.V.
.So I'lum-CN Sn.v , lint SolillrrH I'rohalily
\ \ oii'l llcllcvo Tin-in ,
Statisticians excel In presenting proof In
figures which nro bald to bo the only
things above ground that don't lie that war
Is not deadly , says the New York Proas. They
exhibit Incontrovertible evidence that , war
or peace , so many persons would dlo each
year anyway. The coiuoling fact that
dlscaso kills morn soldiers than bullets Is' '
made etlll moro absuaglng by the cheerful' '
announcement that half of the army deaths
from disease would have occurred oven In
peace. The old axiom that It takes a ton
of lead to kill a soldier.Is . bupposod to throw
valor Into the soldier's'soul. Grant's illus
tration shake up a black bean in a hit
of white ones and , blindfolded , pull out the
black one Is used as showing the chances
of being hit In battle.
English , newspapers are compiling col
umns of figures designed , apparently , IT
show to those that Tommy Atkins leaves
behind that Tommy Is pretty sure to comeback
back from the Transvaal after all. Amor-
lean newspapers prepared ulmllar joyful
Intelligence for our soldiers In the early
stages of the war with Spain. We showed
thnt It took more than 3,780 cartridges to
kill a Johnny Hob in our civil war , net to
mention a ton and a half of lead and
nearly half a ton of powder. And , after
wo had wiped Spain off from the map of
the western hemisphere and began to ba'- '
anco up accounts wo were gratified to
learn that ammunition worth $100,000 and
ono priceless human life were expended In
using up Cervera's squadron , while Dewey ,
a few months before , had put Montcjo to
sleep by the Judicious expenditure of shot
and shell worth $45,000 and losing no lives.
So England Is congratulating herself that
at Majuba hill , In the last war with the
Doors , only eighty-three out of the RM Uni
ons engaged were killed , hoping , however ,
that such a mortality won't occur again ,
At Omdurman , In the. Soudan , when th
dervishes lost 10,000 of their force of fiO.COO
England lost only fifty-two killed.
Though no artillery ever was handled bet
ter than that of the fiorma.ns In the war of
1870 , yet when they shelled Mczleres in that
year at the rate of three and a half shells
a minute , and when they had dispatched
IBS,000 piojcctlles into the town , IMS than
Ha per cent of the inhabitants were killed ,
or , It took CIS shot or shell to kill one per-
ton. At THonvlllc it took 15,000 shells to
kill each person falling , while at Lorguy
30,000 shells failed In wounding a single in
dividual. At Itelfort , OU.IGS German shells
killed sixty Frenchman ; at Strnsburg , lt 3,72
shells found " 00 victims ; while each Parisian
killed In the hlcgo cost the Germans over
1,000 shells.
It took 00,000 rounds from the German
< sae * > * r
Hejoctcd Suitor Your daughter , sir , Is the only girl I over loved and I tan never
love another
t
Father I congiatulato you on shaking oft a troublcaoino habit BO easily.
hattcrlrs before Strabburg to break up100
houses , or 000 missiles to a house. At Glb-
ialtar's great slegu more than a quarter elI
I a million shot and shell weio hurled al
I the garrison , killing nnd wounding 1,311 per-
'
sons.
At Salamanca only one rlllo shot in 137
took oflecl ; In the Crimean 15,000,000 shots
filed by the llritlsh troops killed 1M.OOO lEus-
slaus , ' .1,000,000 French hhots accounted for
51,000 of their allies of today , while tfi-
000,000 HuKslan bhots placed 48.000 Frenen
and Turkish troops out of the fight.
In the Franco-German war the Teutonic
invader fired olT 30,000,000 cartridges and
303,000 rounds of artillery , with the result
that It took about 100 bullets and live rounds
of artillery to kill or mortally wound a
Fienchmaii.
Compared to bombardments , p'tohcd ' bat
tles are far moio deadly , but since the
days of Waterloo the ( Linger bus decreased
greatly. At Wellington'ii great \i''ory ' the
mortality of the Ilrltlsli combatants was S'j
per rent of these engaged. At the Alma 7'j '
per cent , while in the hard-fought battle
of Gravclntte the proportion of German nnd
French soldiers lighting who wt-ie killed
was over 32 per cent.
With regard to the Franco-German rtnr ,
I which cost the French In war expent-es aloiu-
about $ lfi,000 for each German killed ( ib-
| total cent to Kronen eventually wiis about
$80.000 for every Invader that foil ) , II Is ca-
t'mated that 5 per cent of the Germans en
gaged were killed in battle , died of their
wounds , or of disease , but of the 50,000 who
owr-d thr-lr death to this campaign only
28,000 fell to the lire of the enemy , and of
the remaining 22,000 who succumbed from
dlbeaso , 10,000 probably would have died In
ordinary circumstances npiut from war. It
took 100 shots to kill each of the 77,000
Frenchmen who fell.
In the Crimean campaign , Including HIT
hlegc of Hubastopol , 710 shots wne flro I
for o\e'ry Husslan killed. Of the 22,000
Ilrltlsli lives lost In this campaign only 1J > { ,
per cent , or about 22,750 died In battle ; the
remainder succumbed to dlscaso nnd priva
tion , iibsaliants far moro deadly , as a rule ,
than bullelH.
The PriiBslan-Austrlan war of 1SGC and
the Japancfco war entailed a ICBS of life of
less than I per cent of the combatants.
TinI'OII'H ( ; rliiinin * .
The eill'or was hlltlni ? In hs ! oflli-c one
day relates Collier's Weekly , when a man
whoxu brow was drithed with Ihuinlei in
lured. Fluri'ely selling a chair lie Mamim-d
his hat on trie talile , hurled his iimbi.ll.i
on tlir Iloor and H.-U down.
"Aro vou the editor ? " ho asked.
"Yes. "
"Can you read writing ? "
"Of coiirtv. "
"Head that , then , " he said , lliru.silng tit
the editor un envelope with an Inseilptlcm
on It.
"II , " said the editor , tiyliuj to H" II It
"That's not a B. ll' an S , " s.ild ili -
inn n.
" 8 oil , jet ) , I see ! Well , It looks Illo-
'Sn'i for dlnnur' or 'fiouls of einne-iH ' "
"No , sir , " implied the man. "nothing I
tbo kind ! That's my imme Samuel II
Hnimiei. I know you eollldn't lead. I'llli'l
to fee yon nliout that nooin of mine > i > u
primed Iho other duy on the ' .Suneanu of
Sot rov. ' "
"Uiin'i leinemher It. "
"Of < niirHc you don't. ' lipcnilH' It went
In a the puper under the Infanu/iu tlllu .
Hmear < Mo Tomorrow. ' "
Tim editor llud.
SUe doesn't Indicate quality. Dcwaro of
counterfeit and worthless salvo offered for
DoWHt's Witch Hare ) Salve. DeWitfs is
the only original. An Infallible cute for
piles and all skin ill
I'lni-ii Illume on roniliiitloi- .
PKNVKIl. Jan. 4Tlio coronor'H Jui > ihut
Investigated l'ie ' death of Wlnlleld Itandli1-
inin : , HID exproyH inenwenger who wax kllle I
In DID wreik < > n the Cnlon I'arllle r.illru.iil
at Brighton lias found that the cc.llUlou
was caUKi-il by the erlmtiial cuntli'1-.ni-tn
of Conductor K. W. McAllister ThlH inHI
lost his rciiHi'ii at the . .Hcemuf the a > i I
limit , lint Is sluwly li-euveilnu hi * in'iial '
baliuuo.
