THE OMAHA DAILY 1VEE : FRIDAY , OCTOBER 7 , 3808.
CARE OF SICK ON WAR SHIPS
Perfect System of the Navy for Attending to
Disabled Men.
SHARP CONTRAST WITH ARMY METHODS
Ilenl of Cnrr , Coiufnrlntile ( lunrlrrn
and ricnnniit SiirroniiilliiKi Mnkc
Jnck'n Lot 1111 1'nnj- ( me
llow II IN Done.
\
While the whole country has been agi
tated by the discussion of alleged neg
lect and carelessness In the treatment of
our sick and wounded soldiers , not a word
of complaint has been heard In regard to
the administration of the medical depart
ment ot the navy.
Jack Is proverbially a growler. Ho never
loses an opportunity to take exception to
things , and a service must bo Immaculate
Indeed to escape his at least partial con
demnation. Yet ho baa nothing but good
to say of the arrangements provided by
the medical department for his care and
comfort during the past trouble with
Spain.
It Is true tbo various naval battles were
permit. Narrow passages , numerous parti
tions and small hatchways make the task a
difficult one. It Is found bothersome enough ,
even In drill maneuvers , to lower a well man
down through t'wo or three decks , but when
the excitement of combat and the possible
condition of the patient arc added , the work
Is greatly complicated. The late war did
not afford sufficient experience to solve tbo
problem.
On each vessel In eho service a call known
OB "sick call" Is Bounded by n bugler at
three bells , 8:30 : a. m. Just prior to the
sounding of the call the surgeon on duty
repairs to the examining room or sick bay
and takes his Htatloti In readiness to see
these requiring medical care. The apothe
cary and nurses nro also In attendance.
These members of the crew who wish to
consult the doctor form In line outside the
sick bay door and arc called Inside In their
turn. The surgeon examines each person
carefully and , It the case Is mild , the re
quired treatment Is entered In the apothe- >
cary's book. Those cases of a more serious
nature are given Immediate and personal at
tention. When It necessitates excusing the
man from duty his name and rating Is placet'
on the captain's dally report of sick and on
an extra list Intended for the executive offi
cer and officer of the deck. The latter re
port Is technically known as the "binnacle
list. "
In a war ship , where the crew consist's of
from 200 to COO men , Eomo special mark Is
wards , a long glass corridor ( or BUD baths ,
lounging rooms equipped with hooka and
magazines , an electric elevator , nnd one of
the best and most scientific operating rooms
In the country. In ( act , ho recognizes at
last that the medical department of the navy
has thoroughly kept pace with the march of
Improvements In other departments of the
service. And , although ho would like tu
grumble , llko the old "shellback" that he
Is , ho really cannot find grounds ( or one
word of complaint.
"Matey , " grinned a blue jacket who had
Just passed through John Smith's experi
ence , "this hero blooming picnic ain't Just
natural. When wo are fit let's go over to
the Dowery and git It In the neck. "
PLANS FOR PEACE JUBILEE
Proponed In Hurt-
lit Six of the I.nrur Hulls
of the Clly.
CHICAGO. Oct. 6. The committee on In
vitations and epeakcrs for the peace Jubilee
have perfected arrangements for the meetIng -
Ing of welcome. It will be held In the Audi
torium nt 10:30 : on the morning of Tuesday ,
October IS. George H. Peck will preside
and Mayor Harrison will deliver the address
of welcome to the jubilee gueets. Arch
bishop Ireland of St. Paul has accepted an
Invitation to represent the north In an ad
dress of welcome and Judge Emory Spocr of
Georgia will similarly represent the south.
Rev. Dr. Krnnk W. Gunsaulug will act as I |
chaplain of the occasion. The principal 1 !
peace Jubilee mass meetings will be held In 1 '
six different halls on the afternoon of the
same day. The following have accepted In
vitations to speak at these meetings : Archbishop - | I
bishop Ireland , Dooker T. Washington , I
Judge Emory Specr , General J. H. WllI I !
son , Senator W. 13. Allison , Clark Howell , I
Secretary of Agriculture Wilson , John O. I
Carlisle , W. lourke ! Cockran , Samuel |
Gomporc" " , General Henry M. Dutfield and \
General A. 11. Chaffee.
Iliifip Iron I'ool ninioM c .
PITTSBURGH Oct. 0. After an existence
of three years , during which time a unlfonn
THE FIELD OF ELECTRICITY
Problem of Cheapening Electric Ligbt
Approaching Solution.
FIRST STEP TAKEN IN NEW YORK CITY
1'rlvrn HruiiKlii WMIiln ( he ItniiKr or
GUN "HclliMvliiK" Telephone ! ! 11U-
c null t cd lit ? VP ! oilmen In I"
Oilier llrimelifs.
The Edison Electric Illuminating com
pany of New York City Is blazing a path
designed to bring Incandescent light Into
more general home use. Heretofore the cost
of Incandescent lighting lias been so great
compared with Illuminating gas as to be
prohibitory to nil who could not afford n
i luxury. The Edison company claims to have
j solved the problem of cheaper electric light ,
which It now proposes to furnish customers
I at prices as low as gas. The result has
I been achieved by new apparatus , combined
with cheaper fuel nnd cheaper materials.
In its prospectus announcing the cut In
prices the Edison company says :
"The Edison company , In accordance with
its declared policy of reducing rates and
encouraging the more general consumption
of I3io electrical current , particularly for
long-hour use , will replace Its present sched
ules for both Incandescent and arc lighting
by the reduced rates scheduled below on
bills due after October 15 , 1898. "
The new rates announced arc :
"Ko.1 retail use , 20 cents per kilowatt
hour , equivalent to 1 cent per IG-camllc
power , fifty watt Incandescent lamp hour
or 10 cents per standard are lamp , for first
hour's dally use ; 15 cents for second hour ,
10 cents for the third and fourth hours , 5
ccnta for all use obovo four hours.
"For wholesale , 10 cents per kilowatt
hour for the first four hours and G cents
< f
r
SICK BAY
ON BATTLESHIP
MASiACHUiHT
fought ivltlh marvellously few casualties to
the rank and fllo of the navy , but these
who were wounded and these who fell 111
because of climatic changes and the long
sojourn under tropical suns were looked
after with the solicitude of a mother.
War brought a decided Increase In the
navy , nnd now shlpa meant now crows nnd
greater responsibilities for the medical de
partment. There were few changes , how
ever. In the Bystcm followed for many
years. Surgeon General Van Hoypen , from
his offlce In Washington , boldly confronted
the different problems created by the
war , and laid 'his ' plans so carefully that
not ono lota of criticism has been made
on the results. It was he who first
originated the Idea of a naval hospital ship ,
and today the Solace floats the sea , the
embodiment of ono of the most Important
steps ever taken for the humane and scien
tific treatment of wounded and 111 sailors
In time of war.
The general plan followed by the medical
department of the navy may be considered
under three divisions first , the local med
ical staff attached to each vessel In com
mission ; second , the naval hospital ship ;
nnd third , the naval hospitals on shore.
Rvory vessel In the service carries at
least ouo surgeon , nn apothecary nnd a
bayman or nurse. The larger ships are
provided with two commissioned medical
ofllcers , nnd flagships with three , oho being
the fleet medical Inspector. These officers
nro n part of the staff , and to them Is
relegated everything connected with the
care ot the sick and the general sanitary
arrangements of the ship. They are ap
pointed from civil lite after a most rigid
examination held by a competent bo trd ,
nnd are given relative rank with other
officers of the navy.
The Slek liny.
Rvory war vessel has nn apartment known
as the "Sick Hay , " which though small In
Blzo Is well fitted out as a local hospital.
In times ot peace when there Is no danger
from projectiles , It Is generally located on
the forward berth or gun deck , although Its
precise location varies with each ship. A
elck bay's equipment consists ot n dis
pensary for the apothecary , a space for
swinging cots , nnd the most necessary of
the appliances to be found In every well-
conducted shore hospital. The limited space
confines the medical outfit to the absolutely
Important articles , the moro complicated
accessories , such as steam-sterilizing ap
paratus and modern operating tables hav
ing to be omitted.
During time of war It Is necessary to
locate the medical department In a place
removed from the possibility of accident
nnd where the surgeons and attendants can
work undisturbed by shot or shell. In con
nection with this matter It may be recalled
that , during the battle of the Yalu , the com
partment of the doctor on board a Japanese
ship , being exposed , was entered by a shell
which exploded nnd killed every ono present ,
surgeon , wounded and all. It Is to provide
ogalnst such casualties that the sick bays
on American vessels In tlmo of action are
located , In the battleship , within the citadel
or armored part of the ship. On board the
Philadelphia , a protected cruiser , a part ot
the forward torpedo room , situated under
T the curved steel dock , Is used. On thu
smaller vessels the wardroom and steerage ,
as the living quarters of the officers are
called , would bo utilized ,
IHItlcnltlfM of lU-moviil.
The provisions for transporting wounded
men to rhe temporary sick bay during nc-
tton have been rendered as perfect as the
construction of the modern war vessel will i
necessary to designate these excused from
duty. For this purpose each man whose
name figures on the binnacle list Is com
pelled to wear a white badge bearing a red
cross upon the arm. Malingering on fahlp-
board Is unusual. Each crew consists of a
certain number of divisions , and the neces
sary ship work is equally apportioned. It
naturally follows that each man of a divi
sion depleted by sickness Is compelled to do
extra work , a circumstance which makes a
ehirker extremely unpopular.
I'rlile of the OIHcerK.
It Is a matter of personal prldo with
both surgeon and commanding ofllcer that
the reports of sick sent quarterly to Wash
ington should contain as few cases as pos
sible. This In Itself Is enough to cause the
local medical department to labor zealously. ,
Tha surgeon In charge not only attends sick '
call , but ho supervises the selling ot food >
by bumboats In foreign and home ports i
as well. lie la consulted by the captain on I
all questions concerning the health of the j
crew , and his advice Is Invariably taken. I
"
Ono of the accusations made In the case
ot the alleged bad treatment of the 111 nnd
wounded soldiers returning from Cuba , and
also those In camps , was that poorly pre
pared and Insufficient food' was served out
Instead of a rational diet. This matter Is
carefully looked after In the navy. In
cluded In the medical stores of each ship Is
n quantity of canned foods such as tapioca ,
corn starch , etc. Liquors , wlno and malt
extracts are also supplied. When It Is
found advisable to give a patient a specially
prepared diet , ho Is fed from these stores.
Previous to the Spanish-American war , I
when It became necessary to tnvallde a dls- '
abled ofllcer or Bailer from a foreign station
home , the patient was sent either on some
returning man-of-war or by a regular pas
senger steamer. The advent ot the nmbu-
lance ship Solace has substituted a much
better means. While the Solace was In at
tendance on Admiral Sampson's licet she
made several flying trips north with 111
and wounded , delivering them at one of the
regular naval hospitals. The success of the
Idea was settled conclusively. The mode
of procedure Is as follows :
John Smith , seaman of the Indiana , for
Instance , happens to fall down a hatchway
and breaks his leg. He Is attended by the
surgeons on board , but It Is considered ex
pedient to send him nort'h for moro thorough
treatment and better climate. The admiral
Is Informal and an order Is sent to the
Solace to call for a patient. An especially
equipped launch presently steams alongside
the battleship , John Smith Is carefully low
ered over the side and finds himself a half
hour later In a delightfully cool and com
fortable ward on board the ambulance ship.
Tlu > Doctor nt Work.
Ho Is taken in hand by the surgeon on
duty , given a refreshing bath nnd a suit ot
pajamas , nnd generally looked after by n
trained nurse. John , who has served In tbo
old navy , concludes that ho Is dreaming , and
than ho will presently awaken In a stifling
nick bay on some old-time wooden corvette.
Out the Solace having received other pa
tients from the fleet , slowly steams from
Santiago , and , after a comfortable trip up
the American coast , Is moored tx > a dock in
the Brooklyn navy yard.
Modern ambulances carry the sick over to
the naval hospital on a hill back of the
marine barracks. It Is a great stone struc
ture surrounded by ample grounds and re
cently modernized In every particular , John
Smith , who had been a patient there several
years previously , Is treated to moro sur
prises. He finds new buildings , a now dis
pensary , splendidly ventilated and furnished
AWARD IN'THC ' BROOKLYN
HOSPITAL.
price was maintained , the hoop Iron com
bination has been dissolved by the mutual
consent of the firms which were parties to
Its formation. Unusual prosperity In the
business Is the reason given for the demise
of the combine. The dissolution of the trust ,
It Is expected , foreshadows lively cutting In
the price of hoop Iron , although this will
hardly take place for some time. All of
the firms nro said to be stocked with orders
whose delivery extends late Into 1899 , and
to fill which will require the steady opera
tion of their mills for almost a year.
To I.lvo Wei ! mill ! uiiill | > -
Use "Garland" Stoves nnd Hanges.
KDUCATIOXAI.OTKS. .
The school board of Nashville. Tenn. , Is
considering the question of Introducing In
dustrial training In the public schools of
the city.
Smith college has Its first negro student
this year , a Miss Otella Cromwell of Wash
ington. She entered the sophomore class ,
and proposes to complete her education In
two vear .
The first chnlr In Oaellc to be established
In nn American university will be filled by
Rev. Dr. Hlchard IKuebry. who hns just come
from Dublin to the Catholic university at
Washington. The new chair was founded by
the Anqlent Order of Hibernians , which sub-
perilled $50.000 for the purpose.
The scholastic census returns of nearly all
of the counties ot Texas have been received
by the state department of education. It Is
conservatively estimated that the total de
crease In the scholastic population of the
state under that reported one year ago Is
90.000. The per capita last year was $1.
which would make a total decrease In the
state school fund apportionment of $3BO,000.
This great decrease In the reported scholastic
population is duo to the operation of the
new law , which provides that the ages of
children of scholastic nee c-.ust be sworn to
when there Is any doubt In the mind of the
census taker as to the fact. The per capita
this year has been Increased to J-l.GO. Under
the old law the available school fund was
outrageously raided each year by officials of
many cities and counties of the state , who
padded the scholastic returns In order that
n larger apportionment of the school fund
might be received from the state.
The higher education for women Is gen
erally accepted now without question yet It
is Interesting always to hear what the best
thinkers In the land have to gay on a sub
ject of such Importance. In a notable ad
dress before the students of St. Mary's
academy nt Notre Dame a few nights ago
Archbishop Keane. formerly rector of the
Catholic university nt Washington and now '
the representative of the American hier
archy at Itoue. said that from the very fact
that women have facilities that enable them
to master the higher branches of knowledge ,
It Is manifestly In the designs of the Creator
that they should have the highest education
they are competent to receive. "There Is no
reason , " continued the archbishop , "why she
should bo prevented from becoming an ex-
jilorer or nn Inventor If she In so minded ,
for there Is nothing In the laws of nod to '
hinder woman exercising any faculty she
may possess or power she may have In any
of the higher domains of knowledge , if her
inclinations lead her to the laboratory or thI I
observatory let her follow the divine call , "
for all use above four hours , with reduction
for quantity. "
In explanation the manager of the com
pany said :
"These rates glvo customers the benefit
ot the fact that electrlctly for long-hour
use can now bo produced nnd sold cheaper
than any rival lllumlnant.
"A consumer using ono lamp eight hours
a day requires nn Investment in station
apparatus and street conductors only one-
eighth that required by. a consumer using
eight lamps ono hour a- day , though the
consumption for ono day Is the same In both
cases.
"Although operating costs for coal and
other supplies , varying almost directly with
the amount of electricity produced , do not
show a like saving , yet the long-hour user
can bo supplied at a much lower rate per
hour than the short-hour user , reaching half
or less proportion of the one-hour price. "
The significant statement Is made that It
the present experiment proves as successful
as the directors of the company expect It to
be , a still further reduction will bo made. It
being the ultimate Intention ot the company
to get the price down to three-quarters of u
cent per slxteen-candle power lamp , which
Is much cheaper than coal gas at the rates
now charged by the New York gas com
panies.
About "Hello wliiK" Telephone * .
At the meeting of the British association
a sort of general conversation took place
In connection with n paper contributed by
Prof. Oliver Lodge , P. II. S. , on a mag
nifying or "bellowing" telephone , an at
tempt to provide means by which , In con
nection with wireless telegraphy , an oper
ator might easily bo called up. Lord Kel
vin said It would be a great thing If they
could enable the human voice to be heard
'
nnd distinguished ten or twenty miles oft ;
but nt present It seemed that the problem
was unsolvable. Mr. W. H. Preece , C. B. ,
referred to the experiments with wireless j
telegraphy , and said that , If Prof. Lodge desired - I
sired , ho could try his Invention between
Lnvernock nnd Flat Helms , and put It Into 1
competition with the system already In use I
there , nnd the best should win. So far as j
he could see. he liked Prof. Lodge's method |
the better of the two. Ho had had a number '
of loud-Bpeaklng telephones submitted to :
him ; but they all Involved great loss of
energy or great loan of clearness of articula
tion. In this particular case ho feared It
would aUo be found that It was compare-
lively easy to produce very loud Bounds ; but
be doubted whether It would be accompanied
by clearness of articulation. Prof. Lodge ad- J '
mltted that the difficulty was undoubtedly
clear articulation , but It was easy to mag
nify noise or roars.
I'oriiihlc Kleotrlo Safely Lump.
A new portable electric safety lamp is findIng -
Ing Its way Into many coal mining districts ,
where it Is accepted as the best form of lamp
that has ye-t appeared for certain needs
of the miner. It can bo carried on a belt
or In the pocket. A dry battery Is used.
The lamp Is of six candle power , with a
white enameled parabolic reflector , which
IB connected to the battery by a flexible cord ,
It gives n radiation of light n strong that
by It ordinary print can be rend 100 feet off.
The lamp , with KB rcfleclor , can be attached
to the hat or any part of the clothing , having
a stick-pin for that purpose. The operation
of the light Is so simple that no special
knowledge on the part of the operator Is
required. The outfit gives a brilliant light
for about twenty hours nt n cost of 3 cents
per hour. A great advantage of this lamp
Is that It gives very much moro light than
Ihe ordinary safety lamp. It Is likely to
bo of special service for gas Inspectors' work
In reading meters , exploring cellars nnd
trcncb.es , In powder mills and warehouses
and In repairing oil and gas tanks.
Hleotrloltr mill Slcnni.
A great many Intelligent people have the
Impression that by the use of electricity five
or six horse power will do the work of fifty
or sixty horse power produced by atenm.
Such a person recently Bald to nn electrician
In good faith that ho believed the electric
motors would soon take the place of steam
locomotives for general railroad use , be
cause a little electric motor of a very few
horse power would bo able to do the work
of the heaviest engine. The electric motor
cannot do any more work for each horse
power lhan > ho steam engine , but Its real
economy lies in the fact that the power
for many motors can be generated nt ono
central station under much more economical
conditions that can bo secured In the loco
motive or In small separate plants. There
Is another element of economy In the greater
efficiency , for certain purposes , of a rotary
mater over the reciprocating action of the
ordinary steam engine. The fact IB that the
power nil comes from coal originally and the
steam Is used to drive the electric generators
or dynamos. If there are 100 machines to
bo driven , and each of these would take five
horse power , they would each require nn
electric motor of Iho earno power as If the
motor were a steam engine , and the whole
would require a central station engine which
would furnish them 500 horse power In the
aggregate. The loss of power that Is still
unavoidable even In good practice Is from
D to 10 per cent , BO that the central station
must actually produce In such case , say ,
fifty horse power more than would bo needed
from the separata steam engines for the
same work. That the electric locomotive
will In course of tlmo oust the steam motor
for nearly all classes ot transportation work
Is certain , but there are certain obstacles to
bo overcome first. The vital problem at
present Is the difficulty nnd cost of distrib
uting the electric current for long distances
without a great loss of current through the
resistance of 'the ' wires. To overcome this
the roads operated by electricity are divided
up Into short sections nnd separate copper
feeder wires are run from the power house
to each section. The further the distance
traversed the greater must bo the diameter
of the copper wire , and the cost of the cop
per eventually becomes prohibitive. It maybe
bo stated as a general rule that the cost
of fuel on electric roads Is about G per cent
of the operating expenses , while on steam
roads It Is about 10 per cent. A steam loco
motive , running under favorable conditions ,
burns from three and one-holt to ten pounds
of coal every hour for each horse power. In
good stationary plants power Is produced for
the consumption of 1.5 pounds of coal for'
each horse power per hour , while It Is a
poor plant which requires moro than two
pounds.
Involution In Switzerland.
American electrical engineers are keeping
a closely Interested eye on nn evolution
which seems Imminent In Switzerland. In
the old-fnshloneU little town of Thun nn Im
portant power transmission plant Is being
built , which will bo the first attempt In
Switzerland to use electricity on a large
scale for heavy railways. If this trial Is
successful it will In all probability bo fol
lowed In the near future by the adoption of
electric in place of eteam traction on all the
Swiss railways. Fuel Is notoriously dear ana
bad In that country and the briquettes that
are exclusively used for the locomotive fur
naces produce abnormal quantities of smoke
and clinker. There Is sufficient water power
In the country to drive not only all the rail
ways , but also all the factories , and that
without spoiling the natural beauty of the
econcry. The power of the Thun Installation
will be derived from the river Kandcr , which
flows Into the Lake of Thun. A fall ot 21b
feet will bo obtained. About half the power
generated will bo transmitted to Berne ,
twenty-flvo miles off , at a pressure of 16,000
volts , nnd after the current has been reduced
In stcpdown transformers to 300 volts It will
bo distributed by underground cables
throughout the city. The remainder of the
power Is to bo used for the moat Important
part of the project , viz. , to work a twenty-
five-mile line of railway from Burgdorf to
Thun. Each car will carry sixty passengers
and trailers will bo used when necessary.
As the gradients are very heavy , the speed
will only be about twenty-two mllea nn hour.
It Is Intended to build special cars for goods
traffic , with powerful motors designed for
lower speeds.
VANISHING WILI1 THINGS.
AilvniicliiK Agriculture no iioimlble
for Their Ulmiiiiicnrniitie.
Sentimental reflections are not ot much
value to n column of statistical figures , or to
any dry problem of science , In the way of
aiding our understanding , writes Maurice
Thompson In the Independent. It Is bet'ter '
to bo right than oratorical or poetical when
wo have to deal with facts , no matter how
pathetic may be the significance of those
facts. Even the unwelcome evidence that
forces Itself upon us year by year , tending
to prove a constant and rapid decrease In
the number of our familiar and Interesting
American birds , should be studied without
prejudice. We love the 'birds of orchard ,
Held , flood and wood ; but that Is no good
ground for neglecting any fact ! In consider
ing the causes of their vanishing from the
areas once teeming with them.
The birds disappear , nnd In our grievous
disappointment when they do not come back
wo hastily look about for somebody to lay
the blame upon and so scold with duo vigor.
Then It Is time for sportsmen to dodge tmrt
wince. The man with the gun must be ready
to bear almost Infinite abuse , or he must be
take himself beyond reach of H. He is
guilty of sundry depredations , sins agolrist
the law of universal bird protection , t'hat he
cannot deny , but he may well object to
vicarious receptivity when the day ot puni
tive gift-offering comes nnd somebody pro
poses making him the recipient of every
other transgressor's share , as well as his
own.
own.Tho
The boy who shoots an air gun , or a ch np
fowllug-plcco , or an India rubber sling must
take second place In the rank of mnrtyra.
Ho kills a few little birds nnd frightens
many. He Is a nuisance and should be purl-
tied ; but he gets far moro blame than his
actual misdemeanors deserve. Thun comes
the collector of skins nnd feathers , the man
who supplies museums , private collections
and milliners' shops. Ho is a bad fellow ; ho
kills for money , Stllf his slaughterings , nu
merous as they certainly are , seem Insignifi
cant when compared with the enormous de
crease of bird life.
The reports once In a while made out by
zoological societies and other organizations
In the Interest of natural history study are
valuable In a way , but ono cannot read
them without smelling book dust where the I
pure air of outdoors ought to bo and feel- j
Ing that 'they are based upon scattered and
somewhat Insignificant details , rather than '
upon the larger and more generally Influen
tial facts of nature and life. This Is espe
cially true as regards what hasi been done
In the matter of accounting for the remark
able disappearance of birds from large dis
tricts In their natural domain. The gun-
bearer , the feather hunter and the murder
ous small boy with the gllne , are not th9
main ngcnts of bird destruction , nnd I wish
to give n few items of evldencn in thin
connection.
Oame Inw0 for the protec-tlon of deer fan-
not prevent the complelo disappearance of
those beautiful animals from a country de
voted to modern agriculture. When nil the
woods are cut down nnd all the plains arc
put to the plough , there Is no homo left
for the bcnr and the bison. Drain the bogs ,
nnd what can the woodcock do for n living ?
Heclalm all the wet lands nnd ditch away
the waters ot ponds nnd lakes ; but after
that look In vnln for snipe and duck. De
stroy the .thickets nnd briery tangles ( they
nro unsightly nnd unprofitable on the farm ) ,
no matter how necessary they are 'to ' the
quail , and then look In vnln for bevies In
the neatly shorn fields. Your bluebirds , that
once had the old worm-fences with hollow
stakes to build In , cannot accept n barbed
wlro substitute ; where shall their nest ? bo
hidden ? What are the gay woodpeckers to
do when you carefully cut away and burn
every dead tree nnd bough ?
Every summer I am more nnd moro curi
ous to know how the meadow lark survives ,
how It succeeds In rearing a brood , when
year by year the meadows In which It builds
nro cut closer and closer with the clanging
mowing-machine , nnd when thu seeds It
loves are not permitted to ripen. Where do
the quails find winter shelter on our highly
cultivated and wioothly shorn farms ? The
food of the wild pigeon IB gone , nnd gone
forever are the countless hn ts of P.CCOUB.
When I was a child the beautiful and mag
nificent log-cock was cvciywhere seen In the
woods of our country. Now It Is rare , save
In a few remote wildernesses. Why ? Be-
cnuso the rotten wood In which Its food Is
found 1ms been long ago made Into heaps
nnd burned by the sturdy men who have
caused farms and plantations to supersede
the forests.
In the old days of bramble tangles nnd
hazel thickets there wore no frozen bovles.
Lately I have seen sixteen quails as stlft
as Icicles in a pitiful little cluster where , nil
unprotected , the zero weather had caught
them , as Tennyson has It , In Its "frozen
palms. " Then the hungry hawks have their
will of birds where there 1 no thick cover
for" them to hldo In , nnd the farm-house
cats , prowling from Held to field nnd from
orchard to orchard , devour every fledgling
that they can flml. By night the owls hunt
with the cats. The farmer's pigs , nosing
everywhere , eat up the eggs of nil birds tliat
nest on the ground.
H Is true that the plume-gatherers have
killed thousands of herons , but the farmers'
drains the canals and covered ditches
whereby vast areas of watery fecOlng
grounds have been made dry have killed
millions. Fifty years ago the sloppy pral-
rlca and queachy boglands of Illinois , Iowa ,
Indiana , Michigan and Ohio were the haunts
of countless swarms of migrating herons ,
geese , brant , duck nnd crane. Now very
few are seen , because this Intermediate rest
ing and feeding ground has been unavailable
for years. Even the small herons and bit
terns , never much shot , nro becoming scarce
for the same reason. Hundreds of small
streams once In their feeding nnd breeding
places are now as dry as a bone. Not long
ago I revisited a spot where formerly the
wood ducks bred. I found that the wood
and the pond had disappeared and there grew
a vast field of corn.
Glvo wild things the least bit of wilderness
nnd they will survive In spite of nature
and man. The other day a wildcat attacked
n child In ono of the oKlost seltted parti
of Indiana. It come out of an unreclaimed
ravine on < lu banks ot the Ohio river , t
saw a lone log-cock In n considerable wood
of the Knnkakeo region a.few years ago.
But you cannot save the bird * nnd nt tha
same tlmo starve them nud refuse them both
nesting places and shelter from the cold.
Women's hats and men's guns are hard on
birds , but civilized doings are harder on
them. Enlightened farming , the making of
productive and neatly shorn estates , the
march of the plow , the ditching machine ,
the underground tile , the patent reaper and
mower and throshor. Iho cats , the dogs , the
hawks , the o\\ls. winter without shelter ,
summer without food , spring without nest
ing places these nro the agenclest that are
destroying birds by the wholesale. And
then there Is the English sparrow , a mur
rain sclzo him ! What Is left ho takes.
Siultli'N ( 'oiiilttlun I , > NN I'nvornlilp.
LOS ANGELES. Oct. . The condition of
Governor Smith of the Soldiers' home , who
was shot by nn Inmnte of Iho homo n week
ago , Is not its favorable today IIH It has bern
for several days past. Ho passvd a very
restless night nnd bns a high fever. The
physicians do not consider his condition
alarming , however.
REGAINED HEALTH.
Gratifying1 Letters to Mrs. Pluk
ham From Happy "Woman.
"I Owr You My Life. "
Mrs. E. WOOLIIISKK ,
Mills , Neb. , writes :
"DEAIS Jtiis. PINKIIAM : I owe my
life to your Vegetable Compound. The
doctors snid 1 luul consumption nnd
nothing1 could bo done for mo. My
mcnslruiition luul stopped ami they
snid my blood wn.s turning to water. I
hnd several doctors. They nil said I
could not live. J bi'frnn the use , of Lydin
K. J'inkhnm's Vegetable Compound ,
and it helped mo right away ; mouses
returned and 1 have gained in weight.
I have better health than I have had for
years. 11 is wonderful whatyour Com
pound has done for inc. "
"I Feel Like a N w Tenon. "
Mrs. OEO. LEACH ,
IGO'J Belle St. , Alton , 111. , writes :
" Before I began to take your Vege
table Compound I was a great sufferer
from womb trouble. Menses would ap
pear two and three times in a month ,
causing me to be so weak I could not
stand. Icould neither sleep nor cat , and
looked so badly my friends hardly
know me.
" I took doctor's medicine but did not
derive much be no lit from it. My drug
gist gave mo one of your little books ,
and after reading it I decided to try
Lydia E. Tinkham's Vegetable Com
pound. I feel like n new person. I
would not give your Compound for all
the doctors' medicine in the world. I
can not praise it enough. "
OR OMAHA.
BOILER AND SHEET IRON WORKS
SucccwNorN WIlHoii & Drake.
Manufacturers boilers , Ptnoke stncka nnd
fcreechlngs , pressure , rendering , sheep dip ,
lard and water tanks , boiler tubes con
stantly on hand , second hand boilers
houpht nnd sold. Special and prompt to
repairs In city or country. 19th and Pierce.
BOOTS-SHOES-RUBBERS ,
M'frs | Jobbers of Fool Wear
WKSTEnN AGENTS TOK
Tha Joseph Banigau Rubber Oo.
T H. Spragua & Go. ,
Rubbers and Mackintoshes.
Cor. Eleventh & Kiirimni Sts. , Omnhu.
P.P. Kirhendall & Co
Boots , Shoes and Rubbers
atliroomi IfOMlOl-ilM Utrney 8tr * t.
CAHRIAGE3.
estab
lished ,
1858.
Sldo bptiug \ ifataaieniNo Horse Motion.
Get a Simpson Bugsy with the Atkinson
Spring beat and easiest rider In the world.
1400-11 UndueStreet. .
CHICORY
Chicory Go.
Qrowcri nnd manufacturers ot oil formi ot
Chicory Omalm-Fremont-O'Nell.
Jackson St.
7. O. RICHARDSON , Pre t.
F. WELLBR , V. Prrat.
T
il'frt Standard J'liarinuoeutloal I'repura-
tloiu. Sptotal formulae 1'rrpared to
Ordtr fiend for Catalogue.
LiberatorIUI Howard Et , Omaha.
p. E. Bruce & Co.
% - . - , - - , - * = :
Druggists and Stationery
XJuew ntt" SpecUltlea.
Clrara , Wlnai und Ornndlti ,
C rn tdh and llaratr Blrwu.
DRY GOODS.
M. E , Smith & Co.
Importers and Jobb r of
/
Dry Goods , Furnishing Goods
AND NOTIONS.
CREAMERY SUPPLIES
The Sharpies Company
Creamery Machinery
and .
Supplies.
pollern , Enclnes , feed Cookers , Wood Pul
leya , Shaftlnc , Belting , Butter Paclt-
uses of all kinds.
M7-809 Jonea St.
ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES.
Company
Elc trical Supplies.
Electric Wiriner Bolls and Gas Lighting
O. W. JOHNSTON. Mgr. 1510 Howard at.
John T. Burke ,
COXTltACTOK 1OK
ELECTRIC LIGHT
and PO WER PLANTS
424 South 15th St.
FRUIT-PRODUCE.
u Supply Co. , .
iioS-nio Harnev St.
Steam Pumps. Enjjlnei and Boilers. Pip * ,
WlnJ Mills , Steam and Plumbln
*
Material , Ueltlnc , Kos , Etc.
HARDWARE.
Pector & Wilhslmy Co
Wholesale Hardware ,
Omaha.
Lee-Clark
Wholesale Hardware.
Wloycle * nd Sportier Good * . UJO-a.1-25
007 * tr et.
HARNESS-SADDLERY.
J H Haney & Go.
W
'
Jf'/V
JIAJJNESi , HADDT.Kfi Af/D CULLAftB
Jobber * of Leather , AdddJrt'j/ Hardware , EU
We solicit your orders 1315 Howard EL
STEAM-WATER 1J'L J J ,
rane-Ghurchill Co.
1014.106 DonKlas Street.
Uuufictureri and Jobber * of Stetm. On n
Water Supplies of All Kinds.