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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 21, 1898)
THE OMAHA DALLY BEBt SUNDAY , AUGUST 21 , 1898. in RAISES A NICE POINT OF LAW Controversy Between Building Trades Conn- oil and Board of Education , ABOR UNIONS AND PUBLIC POLICV Ttilojllolil * One Wny nnit the Attorney fur the .School Ilonril Ulte * Illn Opinion on the Oilier Side , rte controversy between the Building Trades Council and the Omaha Hoard of Education has precipitated a nlco question vt legal Interpretation which Is arousing no little Interest In labor circles. The con tention of the unionists reals on a decision rendered March 12 last by Judge Tuley at Chicago. The opinion dcll\crud by Judge 'J'tiluy reads as follows : The questions submitted aio : Whether the Hoard of Education of the city of Chicago has "tho right to Insert In nil contracts and specifications connected therewith the provision that none but union labor shall bo employed In nny part of the work where said work IB classified under any 'existing union ; ' " and , second , whether nald Hoard of Education has the right to enforce a rule whereby "none but union workmen shall be employed and placed upon the pay roll ot the board. " Ther < i would bo no question raised If the contracts or pay rolls In question were those of a private Individual as to his right to provide for the employment of union labor only. A private Individual has the un doubted right to put such provision In nny contract that bu may make , or he tnay put In a provision that no union labor shall be employed In carrying on the contract. He nmy Insert cither provision that ho wishes , at 11 loss to himself , or from mere senti ment or caprice. The law recognizes the right of an Individual to do what ho will with his own In that regard. There can bo no doubt but thnt under rertaln circum stances the Hoard of Education might Insert In Us contracts a provision for the employ ment of none but union labor , or provision that no union labor should bo employed , but. being public officials , charged with the duties of a public trust , the members of the board could not act , knowingly , at a loss to the public funds , or from mere sentiment or caprice , or from nny motive other than to subserve the public Interests and to faithfully - fully discharge the public trust confided to them. If the board should find thnt the skilled labor of the country was practically organ ized Into "unions , " whoso members refused to work with non-unlonlsts , that unless a clause requiring all work to bo done by "union" labor bo Inserted there will prob ably bo "strikes" upon the work , causing delay , loss nnd trouble Incident to strikes , and If It should flnd that by reason of the situation confronting the board It would bo Vlso nnd prudent to Insert such provision , or , In other words , If the board should , In the discharge of Its public trust , be honestly of the opinion , after due Investigation of the work and the character of the work done , would bo best subserved by the In- pertlon of the union labor clnuso In the contracts , It would clearly have the right , nnd It would bo Its duty , to Insert such a provision. Union I.nlior Clnune lit Laical. There can , In my opinion , bo no doubt of the legality of the union labor clause , nor ns to the rule as to placing none but union ists upon the pay roll If the board should 1m of the opinion that the public Interests would be best promoted thereby. The pro priety of so doing , or the justification of no doing , Is n question solely for the board to decide. They must decide as to the proper performance of their duties and the proper discharge of the trust Imposed upon them. It Is urged , howcer , that the Board of Education being a public agency , nnd the work In question being work which Is for the benefit of the public , that It Is against public policy that the Board of Education should discriminate as between "union" and "non-union" labor. Be that as It may , It Is not for the Board of Education to decide itself , or to bo guided by what It believes to bo the best public policy. It Is for the legislature to determine questions of public policy. The Board of Education has no legislative duties to perform In connection with the carrying on of its public works , and lu the absence of limitations or restrictions Imposed by the state legislature , It must perform Ha duties and discharge Its trust with a view solely to the best Interests of the public , having regard to economy In the construction of the woik contracted for and the quality of the work to bo done. In my opinion , however , there Is no such legal "controversy" between the parties to this submission ( the Board of Education and the Building Trades councilsuch ) as Is con templated by the act under which this sub mission Is made. Certainly no mandamus would lie against the Hoard of Education to make it Insert in Its contract a "union labor" or a "non-union labor" clause , and there Is no agreement between the board nnd the Building Trades council which the latter could file a bill to enforce the spe cific performance of. In other words , there Is no controversy between these parties within the purview of the act In question. The submission made to the court will , therefore , dismissed for that reason. On Whnt the School IlnnrtI Rent * . The action of the school board , on the other hand , was guided by the opinion of the board's attorney , the Important parts In point being : * Tbla question Involves the examination of labor organizations , their purposes , rights nnd powers. Worklngmcn have the right to organize societies to protect their Interests by all lawful means. Trades unions when organized for legitimate purposes are not against any public policy , nnd when the purposes of such organization or co-opcra- tlnn are to obtain an advance of wages or to maintain n rate of compensation for labor nnd to better the condition of work- Ingmcn , they are legitimate and receive the sanction of law and approval of nil candid men. The right to organise nnd maintain tuch societies Is recognized both by the common law and by the statutes of this t > tato. But If Eiii'h societies use their pow < o oppress or Interfere with others In the enjoyment of their personal rights , then they exceed their legitimate powers , place themselves outsldo of the sanction of law nnd their acts become unlawful and against public policy. It la a settled principle of law that all contracts which are against public policy are Unlawful and void. In considering this matter wo must answer the questions : First , "What Is meant by public policy ? And sec ond. Are contracts such as proposed by the resolution against public policy ? The answer to the first question Involves the examination of the fundamental principles upon which our Institutions are founded , nnd In that examination we should confine our Inquiry to what the constitution , laws nnd judicial decisions make known. Other wise we will flnd ourselves In the realm of speculation and theory In which all sorts of opinions may bo formed and in which men may nnd will differ. There we will find ground so unstable that upon It we cannot rest the interpretation of a statute or contract. Fortunately wo nro not obliged to grope In the dark to llnd the principles governing this question. From the tlmo when the people awoke and threw off the chains fastened upon them by tyrannical rulers during the middle ages to the present tlmo the principles of civil liberty have been eteadlly advancing nnd It Is the public policy of our country to protect every citizen In the enjoyment of hli civil rights. It fol lows , therefore , that for the preservation nml enjoyment of these rights the Indl- vlJual citizen as n necessity must be left free to adopt and follow such calling , pro fession or trade as ho may deem most con ducive to that end. Without this right ho 1 * not a free man. The public policy do- innnds that every citizen shall bo fully protected in his personal rights , and the nctn nt any man or association of men whlcl destroy or Infringe upon the free enjoymcn of these rights by any citizen are agalns Jiubllc policy and unlawful. ( ourcrnliiK- Contract , In answer to the second question : Are contract * such as proposed by the resolu tion against public policy ? we have to tausldcr wherein such contracts Interfere with the rights of citizens. The proposition , .hat labor Is property , Is no longer disputed by thinking men. Now , what would bo the effect of adopt- ng the resolution proposed nnd following the policy therein laid down ? The first would be that all mechanics "now employed oy the board who do not belong to th& unions must be discharged ; second , no one who does not belong to the union could obtain employment from the board nnd compete with those who do belong to the inlons upon the same conditions. And such persons would therefore bo restricted in the "alo of their labor , In that , one of the narkets for their labor would bo closed igalnst them.1 These conditions are not such as apply equally to all citizens. The courts of several of the states have mssed upon this question and have held uch discrimination to bo unlawful even In he case of private corporations. The some ensonlng applies with still greater force to ho nets of public nnd municipal corpora- Ions , which form a part of the govern ment , and should afford the greatest free- ! om and protection to ull citizens consistent with the public welfare. The labor unions are not open uncon-ll- lonally to nil who may Bee nt to join hem , and they have no authority to make ules or regulations to govern the conduct f persons who are not members for the 'oason that such persons have no volco In he making of the regulations. If the board hould adopt the resolution proposed nnd Ivo up to It , the school district would have o submit to whatever terms the union men eo fit to Impose , both as to hours of labor and rate of compensation , and would have no voice In the making of those terms. Persons bidding upon contracts for con traction work for the board would not be ible to bid intelligently for the reason that hey would bo compelled to employ union abor without knowing upon what terms hey could employ It. One of the latest ascs upon this subject Is the case of Curran against Qalen , decided by the court ot ap- ) cals of New York In 1897. Curran , the complainant In that case , was an engineer , smployed by the Miller Brewing company n Rochester , who did not belong to the union. In order to settle a dispute with Its imployes , the brewing company entered nto nn agreement to employ nothing but inlon labor and agreed to discharge Curran f he did not join the union within one month. 4e refused to join nnd was discharged. He hen brought an action for damages and re covered judgment. Bthlo of Unlonlmn. In the opinion the court said : "In the general consideration of the sub- oct It must bo promised that the organlza- ton or the co-operation of worklngmen is not against any public policy. Indeed , it nust bo regarded as having the sanction of aw when it la for such legitimate purposes as that of obtaining an advance in the rate of wages or compensation or maintaining such rate. ( Penal code , Sec. 170) ) . It is iropcr and praiseworthy and , perhaps , falls within that general view of human society which perceives an underlying law that men ihould unite to achieve that which each 3y himself cannot achieve , or can achieve less rapidly. But the social principle which lusttfles such organization is departed from when they are so extended In their opera tions as either to Intend or to accomplish Injury to others. Public policy nnd the In terests of society favor the utmost freedom In the citizen to pursue his lawful trade or calling , and if the purpose of an organiza tion or combination of worklngmen be to hamper or to restrict that freedom nnd .hrough contracts or arrangements with em- pl"ver ? to coerce other worklngmen to be come members of the organization and to come under its rules and conditions , under the penalty of the loss of their position and of deprivation of employment , then that pur pose seems clearly unlawful and militates against the spirit of our government nnd the nature of our Institutions. The effectua tion of such a purpose would conflict with that principle of public policy which pro hibits monopoly and exclusive privileges. It would tend to deprive the public of the services of men in useful employments and capacities. It would , to use the language of Mr. Justice Barrett , in People , ex rol. aill against Smith , (5 ( N. Y. Cr. Rep. at p. 513) ) : 'Impoverish and crush a citizen for no reason connected In the slightest degree with the advancement Ot wages or the maintenance of the rate. ' "Kvery citizen Is deeply Interested In the strict maintenance of the constitutional right freely to pursue a lawful avocation under conditions , equal as to all , and to enjoy the fruits of his labor without the Imposition of nny conditions not required for the general - oral welfare of the community. The candid mind should shrink from the results ot the operation of the principle contended for here ; for there would certainly be a com pulsion or a fettering of the individual glaringly at variance with that freedom In the pursuit of happiness which is believed to bo guaranteed by the provisions of the fundamental law of the state. The sym pathies or the fellow-feeling which , as a social principle underlies the association of workingmen for their common benefit are not consistent with a purpose to oppress the Individual who prefers by single effort to gain his livelihood. It organization of worKlngmen Is in line with good govern ment , it Is because It Is Intended as a legitimate Instrumentality to promote the common good of Its members. If It mili tates against the general public Interest , If Us powers are directed toward the repres sion of Individual freedom , upon what prin ciple shall It bo justified ? Contract U No IJcfeni * . "The organization of the local assembly In question by the worklngmen In the brow-cries In the city of Rochester may have been perfectly lawful In Its general pur poses and methods and may , otherwise , wield Its power and Influence usefully and justly , for all that appears. It ls not for us to say , nor do we Intend to Intimate , to the contrary , but so far as a purpose appears from the defense set up to the complaint that no employe of a brewing company shall bo allowed to work for a longer period than four weeks , without becoming n mem ber of the worktngmen's local assembly , and that a contract between the local assembly and the Ale Brewers' association shall be availed of to compel the discharge of the Independent employes , it Is In effect , a threat to keep persons from working at the particular trade and to procure their dis missal from employment. While It may be true , as argued , that the contract was en tered Into on the part of the Ale Brewers' association , with the obj-si "I avoiding dis putes and conflicts with the worktngmen's organization , that featuw and such an in tention cannot aid the defense , nor localize a plan of compelling workingmen - men not In affiliation with the or ganization to join It at the peril of bolni ? deprived of their employment and ot the moans of making a livelihood. " CHUB of n Clothlnit Cntter. In the case of Lucke against the Clothing Cutters' and Trimmers' Assembly , decided by the supreme court of Maryland In 1803. Lucko was a cutter for the New York ClothIng - Ing House. He did not belong to the union and the clothing house was notified by the union that unless he was discharged a boy- cot would be declared against their house as a non-union house. Lucko was a com petent man , receiving a good salary , and In order to retain his position made applica tion to the union for membership , but was not permitted to join .because the union had pasted a resolution not to accept any more members , because there were so many union men out of employment. The court said : "A statute authorizing tlw formation of labor unions to promote the well-being ol their every day life and for mutual assist ance In securing the most favorable con ditions for the labor of their members and as beneficial societies does not authorize the promotion of such objects by making war upon non-union laboring men ot by Illegal Interference with their rights and privileges. The courts are bound to Impute to men that Intention which their acts and conduct disclose , and If a trade or labor union In forms employers of men that In case a non union man remains In their employment all the labor organizations In the city will bo Informed that their business Is a non-union one , the courts are bound to Infer an In tention to procure the discharge of such non-union men to the consequent Interfer ence with his right to labor for the support of himself and family. Interference with the free exercise of another's trade or occu pation or means of livelihood by fraud or force , such as preventing people by threats or Intimidation from trading with or con tinuing him In their employment , Is unques- tlonably an actionable wrong. " Indictable Connnlrno. In the rate of the State against Stewart , decided In Vermont In 1887 by the supreme court of that state , it was held that "it tno I or mote persons combine to prevent , byfi violence and Intimidation , nn employer from I retaining or emplojlng certain persons or I employes from entering Into hltt service , it I Is n criminal conspiracy nt common low. " And n Indictment for that offense was held Under the law any person , possessing the lecessary qualifications may become a mem- jcr of the bar and be permitted to practice : hat profession In the courts. In almost e-vnry county In the land there Is a bar as- icclallon , to which only a part of the mem- jers of the bar belong. For example , the noml.ershlp of the Bar association of Doug- as county does not include more than half of the bar of the county. The association can limit its" membership nnd make such 'fgulallons as it sees fit for : no government of its members , but It has no power nnd no 'slit ' to Interfere with the business of those * no are not members. In the last cafe cited the court as an Illustration of the principle decided said : "Suppose the members of a bar association n Caledonia county should combine and de- "laro th.it the respondents should employ no .ttorney . not a member of such association , o assist them In their defense In this rase , under the penalty of being dubbed a 'scab' ind having his name paraded In the public iress as unworthy of recognition among his irethren. nnd himself brought Into haUad , nvy and contempt , would the respondents oak upon this as an Innocent Intermeddling with their rights under the law ? The 'reposition ' has only to be. stated to dls- IOBO Its utter Inconsistency with every irlnclple of justice that permeates the laws under which we live. If such conspiracies are to bo tolerated as nnocence , then every farmer In Vermont , now resting in the confidence that he may mploy such assistance In carrying on his arm as ho thinks he can afford to hire , Is ixposed to the operations of some secret ode of law , In the framing of which ho ias no voice , and upon the terms of which le had no veto , and every manufacturer Is landlcapped by a system that portends cer- oln destruction to his Industry. If our igrlcultural and manufacturing Industries ire sleeping upon the fires of a volcano lablo to eruption at any moment , It Is high Ime our people knew It. But happily such s not the law , and among English-speaking people never has been the law. " The cases herein cited establish the principles governing the subject of the reso- utlons and numerous other authorities might bo cited to support them , but It Is not con sidered necessary to state them here. The only conclusion the writer can deduce rom the reasoning of the authorities and an analysis of the Institutions of our govern ment Is thnt the agreements proposed In ho resolutions would bo ngalnst public policy and unlawful. There Is one opera which every opera louse manager In the world desires to pro duce and which every public Is anxious to hear , but It can be given only In one ilaco and none can hear It unless he chooses to visit this place. The opera Is called "Parsifal" and the place Is Bayreuth. Any other composer but Wagner would be glad to have his works produced all over the world , and In all the treat theaters , but after the Bayrouth theater was built he composrd a drama almost sacred In its character and consecrated It to his own theater. There pilgrims from all parts of the world congregate on festival Jcars to listen and reverently admire. The story upon which "Parsifal" Is rounded Is the familiar one relating to the Holy Grail , which bad already served the with the basis " " composer for "Lohengrin. The grail was supposed to be the cup from which Jesus drank at the last supper and which received the blood drawn from his side at tbo crucifixion by the spear of Longlnus , the Roman soldier. Wagner was not a believer in Christianity as It 13 pop ularly considered , but Inclined strongly to. a belief In mysticism as it is taught In the tar east. There Is reason to bollevo that he contemplated another music-drama to suc ceed "Parsifal , " which should bo founded on the life and work of Buddha. The doctrine of brotherly love which the sage of India Introduced to the world was especially fascinating to Wagner nnd a study of bis operas will disclose the fact that ho has solved all mysteries by Its potent influence. A German critic said of two of his worKs , perhaps the greatest two : " 'Parsifal' is the song of songs of divine love ; 'Tristan' Is the song of songs ot terrestrial love. " The poem of "Parsifal" was written by Wagner at Bayreuth during 1876 and 1377 , being based upon a sketch made at Zurich some years before. The music for the first act was written In the spring of 1373 , the second was finished on October 11. The third act occupied him till April , 1S79 , when an attack of erysipelas drove him to the south of Italy. On January 13 , 1882 , at Palermo , the entire work was com pleted. fitural , so the story runs , chief of the Knights of the Grail , is old and desires to yield the throne to his son Amfortas. Op posite to Monsalvat. the home of the knights Kllngsor the magician , formerly one of tbo knights but expelled on account of unwrtth- Incss , baa established his palace and adorned It with everything beautiful , Including en chantresses who are at the name time maid ens and flowers , Amfortas , armed with the spear with which Jesus' side was pierced , went out to meet and conquer the evil one but fell under the spell of the maidens. Kllngsor seized the sacred weapon and In flicted a wound which never heals. The Knights await o knight who shall be pure In body and mind and who shall liberate them from the great misfortune under which they all suffer. Parsifal Is this liberator and the working of the drama shows by what peculiar means he attains to the exalted position ot chief of the order. U will be easily seen that Wagner has given himself ample opportunity for beautiful stage pic tures anil that ho availed himself of them goes without saying. The music of the work is deeply religious where the grail Is con cerned and full of magic power In the great scene where Kllngsor's maidens try to tempt Parsifal and so destroy his power. There is a likeness between the grail motif as It appears in "Lohengrin" and as it Is found In "Parsifal. " In the original story Parsifal Is the father of Lohengrin , but In the evolution of the operas It Is Just the other way. "Parsifal" was the composer's last work ; "Lohengrin" was one of bis first. Sixteen performances were given during July and August , 1882 , nnd In order that the artists should not suffer from fatigue by reason of the frequent repetitions , three separate casts were provided , the greatest singers in nil Germany being selected and assigned suitable parts. Among them there were Mme. Materna , Marianne Brandt , Frau Malten , Scarla , WInkleman and Gudehus. Herman Levl , director of the Royal opera at Munich , was the conductor. Princes "and musicians from all Europe and numerous admirers of the composer from America , were present. Wagner was lionized and treated as If he were a king. He made tbo usual number of speeches in which he , as usual also , made unfortunate remarks and secured additional criticism both for him self and his work. When tbo Nlbelungcn Trlloijy was given In 1876 there remained a deficit of some 120,000 marks , which were r-uld off only by tbo most arduous effoit on the part of Wagner and his frlcndj. The last peiform- ance of ' 'Parsifal" found a profit of 7B.OOO marks and this fund was directed to assur ing the continuation of the Bayreutb festi vals and to furnishing to poor artists the means by which they could attend these remarkable performances. "Parsifal" was Wagner's last music-drama and its production his last great triumph. Two months after its last performance be established himself In Venice , upon the GrandCanal , at the Pallazzo VenUromln , Tbo wsrk of rehearsing the optra and of T attending to all the details of coatumcs , scenery ; and stage business , concrrnlni ; which no onn but the composer himself could have any Idea until he had told them , fatigued Wagner and literally wore him out. He was then nearly 70 years old and his eventful life had loft many marks upon his constitution nnd nervous system. He wa * subject to asthma and at the rchearsaU had been known to go Into convulsions dur ing sudden attacks. He was also afflicted with heart trouble and his physician had noticed Its recent rapid progress , hence his trip to Venice In search of rest and strength. He seemed to believe that his work waa done and that the nature which had been able to defy the whole world was fast going Into decay. On Tuesday , February 13 , 1883 , as ho was about to step Into his gondola , ho became excited , started up from his sent choking , and exclaimed : "I feel very badly. " Afterward ho fainted. Ho was car ried to his bed nnd his physician arriving In haste found him dead In the arms of bis wife , who believed him to be sleeping. The city "of Venlco proposed to give him a public funeral but to th'c ' Mmc. Wagner ob jected and It was dUpenseJ with. The pro gress of the funcril train on Its way tu Bayreuth was attended by a ncrles of ova tions such as few kings o , ' king's minister * have ever received , thousands of pcorlo thronging nrnur.d tha car tc plac vreaths upon the cofflr Saturday , the 13th , the body reached Bnyrcuth nml the funeral was fixed for the following Sunday. The whole city was In mourutn ; nnd tnt.ners . draped in crepe , bearing the names ot Wagner's works , were displayed Hundreds of wreaths were sent from all parn of Kuropt from men nnd women of all stations , conspicuous among * hem wore several composers who hnJ been none too friendly towaids the great dead while he was alive. From 'he dome ot the Wagner theater the Gvman flag floated veiled In crepe. The funeral ceremony is thus described by one of the composer's bi ographers : At 4 o'clock thn colTln , pUccd In a hearse drawn by tour horses , was con ducted , to the sounds ot the Siegfried funeral march , before a high tribune , where , the burcomaster Muncher , In the name of the city , and the banker Tcustcl , In the name of the administrative counsel of the the ater , addressed a supreme farewell to the great master ; then the Ltederkranz ot Bay reuth sung the piece which Wagner had composed for the Weber obsequies. Imme diately after , the procession , lighted by torches , marched to the tolling of bells through the streets filled with flogs , toward the villa Wanfrled. At the entrance of the garden the throng silently halted while the body was received by the family , ex cept Mme.1 Wagner , who was crushed be neath her load ot sorrow. The disciples of the master then carried the coffin In their arms to the entrance of the vault which Wagner had had built for himself , and In front of which he had Interred his faithful dog , with the touching Inscription : "Here Russ reposes and waits. " No discourse was pronounced over the body , and In response to Wagner's oft expressed desire , they sim ply eft Id the prayers and benedictions used In the Protestant church. At the close of the ceremony all retired ; In death , as In life , the man was guarded by his dog. The next day a lonely pilgrim visited the tomb to paya last tribute of esteem and affection nnd to place flowers , upon a grave which hid forever all that was material of one whom he , moro than any other , had protected and honored. The pilgrim was King Ludwlg. HOMER MOORE. Note * . Siegfried Wagner , son of the composer , has written a comic opera. The Philharmonic orchestra , of Berlin plays on nn average 100 concerts a year in that city , Berlin has eighteen schools of music. Herbert Butler , formerly of Omaha , Is still In Berlin , is the best pupil In the music school which ho attends and Is a great fa vorite with Joachim. The "T. K. Quartet , " of which Mr. Lee G. Krnts Is director , has been doing some very successful work at a number of Chautauqua assemblies. Mr. E. D. Keck ot Chicago Is In the city looking over the musical field with a view to locating here. He has expressed himself as much pleased with what he has seen and heard and will doubtless soon take a place in the front rank of the local musicians. Mr. Thomas J. Pennel has returned to this country from Italy , where ho has been studying singing for the last year. He Is located in the east , but would have no ob jection to visiting the scenes of his many amateur triumphs if the requisite induce ments were In sight. Sauer , the great pianist who Is to visit this country this season , Is said to outrank Padercwskl in technic , eccentricity and long hair. He must be not only a great artist , but In need of money. When the hair Is long and the pocketbook short they nil head for America , the land of shopkeep ers. ers.Mr. Mr. William Manchester began about three years ago under Mrs. Cot ton's Instructions and Is now cre ating a great furor In eastern mu sical circles. A few evenings since he sang at Vineyard Haven , Mass , , a summer resort on the New England coast largely fre quented by musical people , and scored a de elded success , receiving a triple encore. AS an Immediate result of this , Mr. Manchester was offered and accepted a position as basso In a quartet choir at Cottage City , a situa tion that was much sought after both for Us associations and remunerations. Mr. Richard L. Percy , organist of the Marble Collegiate church , Fifth avenue , New York , heard Mr. Manchester and was much taken with his voice and style and declared that his voice was perfectly placed and paid a great compliment to hla teacher , Mrs. Cot ton. Ante Room Echoes Tangier and Sesostrls temples of the Knights ot the Mystic Shrine have com pleted arrangements for a Shrine day at the Transmlsslsslppt , and September 13 , 14 and 15 have been set aside as the days upon which visiting nobles will be entertained. A tasty booklet and Invitation , Illustrated emblems of the Shrlners and views of the exposition building , and giving the program of the meeting bas been Issued. On Tuesday , September 43 , a general reception will be held at the headquarters for all visitors and Wednesday , September 14 , will bo Shrine day at the exposition. A reception will be held in the Auditorium at 10 a. ra. and at 11 a. m. addresses of welcome will be made and badges will bo distributed to guests. At 2 p. m. there will be a special Shrine concert In the Auditorium. From 3 until 9 p. m. there will be Informal receptions hold at various state buildings. At 6:30 : p. m. a grand oriental parade , participated In by all the camels , menageries , bands and or ientals of the Midway will take place and the remainder of tbo day will be devoted to making merty on the Midway. On Wednes. day , September 14 , no special entertainment has been provided until 7:30 : p. m. , when all Shrlners will meet on the Midway and later attend the special Shrine fireworks. Thurs day morning will be devoted to a visit to the packing establishment of Swift and Company in South Omaha and after looking over the plant , the Bhriners will eat lunch eon as guests of the company. At 2 p. m. a special matinee for the women of the party will bo given at Crelghton theater and the Shrlners will hold Initiatory cere monies at Boyd's theater. At 7:30 : thcro will bo a grand street parade and at 8 p. m. a farewell reception will bo given. Odd PrlluvtM. Tbo Omaha Odd Fellows are still firm In their determination to make Odd Fellows' day at the exposition , October 14 , the great est fraternal day at the Tranamls- slssippl Eipoeitlon. During the last week the committee * oo- publicity OBCHMD i WILHELM CARPET CO. a a Mahogany Furniture a a e 9f The majority of the pieces left front our Fire Sale are the finer ones Wo couldn't got them all'on the floor at one time , but they have been repaired and polished by degrees and are now ready for sale The Swan Carved Exposition Suit of 3 " pieces solid mahogany showing some of the llnoat wood carving in the country was $73.50 now 84 , " ) . Mahogany Inlaid Curio Cabinet Table , hand carved "Draperies was $24 now $15. Mahogany Library Suit 2 pieces , settee and arm chair , hand carved claw foot covered with clog ant Boknro was $122-now $34. Exposition Parlor Chair Inlaid Mahogany was $25 Not a fire sale but a firing sale of all the now 115.00. Very flne Shaw Boston Settee , mahogany was $53 odd lengths and remnants in our Drapery now 117.50. . Chair to match was $27.50 now $10. department lengths from one to five yards Mahogany Corner Chnlr was $14 now $8.93. Mahogany Parlor Chair was $18 now $11.75. the cream of our spring buying orien Mahogany Llbtnry Chair was $17 now $10.00. tal stripes metal stripes cotton and wool . . . , , Mahogany Kxtru line Chair was $12.50 now $8.75. Mahogany Parlor Table was $13.00 now $8.60. tapestay for coverings these hints of the Mahogany Ilocker was $1250 now $7.50. Mahogany Kocker was $20.00 now $14,50. prices Mnhognny Chair , upholstered In silk velour was $30 now $19.00. Mahogany I'arlor Chair was $1150 now $8.00 , $2.50 goods now $1.25. , Mahogany I'arlor Chair was $22 50 now $14 50. $2.00 goods now $1.00 , Mahogany Ladles' Desk-was $47.00 now $30.00. $1.50 goods now 8T c. Mahogany Parlor Table was $10.00 now $6.25. $1.00 goods now 65c. , Mahogany Dresser was $60.00 now $23.50 an extra flne 75c goods now 60c. . piece. COe goods now 35c. Mnhagany Work Table. Inlaid was $30.00 now $19.75. Mnhognny Dresser , brass standards was $ ! 2.00-now $31.00 ' to match Iron bed. Travelers' Mahogany Dresser was $32.50 now $22.50. samples - Mahogany Cafe Sideboard was $100 now $60.00. Mahogany Sideboard was $55 00 now $39.00 ' Mahogany now $30.50. Dining Chairs , seven , 1 arm chairs was $14.50 Just 24 inches square so suitable for pil low and chair lot of coverings a new The former prices herein stated are the been of these just purchased by us go on sale Monday lowest that have over quoted , many those pieces have boon re-rubbed slnco the fire and while wo can't day morning like our former samples put thorn In our regular stock they are worth as much less than third the they are a regular to the user as over. The designs are the choicest and the goods are ex price of the goods actly as represented. In this lot of fine- furniture are bargains that our cus tomers need not hesitate to take advantage of. Fish Net and Embroidery Some of the cheaper pieces : Swiss ery Samples Iron Beds $1.25. Woven Wire Cots 55c. ' . Woven Wire Bed Springs 53c , 75c and $1.10. Each piece three yards long Upholstered Parlor Chair , $3.60. ' Rattan High Chalrs-$1.75. Dining Chairs , Solid Oak , Cano Seat , a whole lot to select Goods that was 45e a yard- now "lie for the plere. ' from nt 25c each. Goods that was 30c u yard -now 65c for the piece , , Folding Beds , damaged a little $3.50 , $5.90 , $6.50 ; good Goods that wa 23o a yard- -now 45c for the piece , , ones $12.00. Goods that was 50o a yard- -now 8oc for the piece , Ladles' Sewing Table , folding , 50c each. Goods that w as 22c a yard -now 45e for the piece , Oak Parlor Stands 50c. Goods that w as 40o a ynrd now 70c for the piece , Three-piece Parlor Suit. $10.00. Goods that w as 35c a yard now HOc for the piece , These are closing out prices , the last pieces must go now. Goods that was 28c a yard- now 50c for the piece. Orchard Wilhelm Carpet Co. , 1414-16-18 Douglas Street. mailed more than 20,000 announcements of the celebration and the grand coming together of the military branch of the order which will be held at that time. Together with the leaflets announcing the meetings were sent exposition booklets which give pictures of the buildings and a full history and description of the enter- price. The attendance of Odd Fellows on that day has been set at 30,000 and with such a large membership to draw from there Is reason to believe that the estimate is not too high. Mrs. Belle Boyd Hetzel of Avoca , presi dent of the Rebekah assembly of Iowa , was among the exposition visitors ot last week. R. B. Somers of Waltham , Mass. , busi ness manager of the Dally Free Press-Tri bune and the Weekly Free Press of Wal- tbam , was among the Odd Fellows who paid the Information bureau a visit during the last week. Mr. Somers Is a brother ot Dr. Somers of Omaha. Hesperian encampment No. 2 conferred the golden rule degree on one candidate on Thursday night. Beacon lodge No. 20 conferred the second ! degree on one candidate , and State lodge No. 10 conferred the first degree on one candidate during the last week. Woodmen of the World. An excursion of members of this order from Kansas City has been arrunged to leave there on Saturday , September 3 , ar riving In Omaha on Sunday at 6:30 : a. m. They give as their reason for coming at thli time , Instead ot waiting for Woodmen day , September 9 , that after canvassing the two cities they flnd It Impossible for molt of tbo members to leave at that time. The party will remain two days at the exposlton. Al pha Camp Guards and bond will meet the Sovereigns at the Burlington depot , and escort cert them through the city to the grounds. The Woodmen ball at Sixteenth and Capitol avenue , will be their headquarters while in the city. Arrangements are about completed for the prize winners ( ono in each state ) to assemble at Omaha at an early day. The prize to one member In each itate who eent In the most applications In a given time U , free trans portation to Omaha , free admission to the exposition and carriage thereto , hotel ac commodations , etc. , etc. , for one week. Ex cursions are being arranged for Woodmen of the World day , September 9 , In all parts of the country , and from the present out look there will be a great pouring In ot choppers to swell the gate receipts at the exposition on that day. .Hon. of Veternn * . encouraging answers are being received to the circulars sent out by tha committee on arrangements for the national encamp ment of Sons of Veterans to be held In Omaha , September 12 to 18. Large dele gations will be present from Chicago , Min neapolis and St. Louis , In fact all arrange ments have been completed for the trans portation of these delegations and prepara tions are being made for excursions from other cities. On Sunday , September 11 , a watermelon plctilo will be given at Rlvervlew park Monday , September 12 , will be devoted tea a visit to the exposition. On Tuesday evenIng - Ing there will bo a camflro at Crelghton ball ana on Wednesday evening a trolley ride will be taken to all points of Interest , Charles K. Darling , commander-tn-cblet of the Sons of Veterans , and major In the Sixth Massachusetts volunteers , who Is now In Santiago , baa Informed the committee that be has made arrangements to attend the encampment and will be here without fall. Fraternal Union of America. Mondamln lodge , No. Ill , Fraternal Union of America , met In Its ball In Patterson block , corner of Seventeenth and Farnam , and Initiated several candidates. This lodge will give one of Us popular public enter tainments lu the near future , the time of which will be announced later. The boat excursion under the auiplces of Mondamln lodge on Wednesday evening was attended by COO people , who seemed to ap preciate the Attention of Its members. Music nod icfresbd'eoU wert served , ' " . " Banner lodge , No. 11 , Fraternal Union of America , Initiated two candidates Thurs day evening and a committee was appointed to arrange for a boat ride and excursion to be given on the evening ot August 31. The committee has had 1,000 tickets printed and desires that each member assist In the sale ot these , which may be had by calling upon the secretary , J. H. Mason , at 1614 Farnam street. The treasurer and twenty members of Oelwein ( Iowa ) lodge , Fraternal Union of America , will visit Omaha and the exposi tion tomorrow. A large lodge of the Fraternal Union of America will be Instituted at Crete this week and another one at Pawnee City , Neb. Plattsruouth lodge , No. 125 , Fraternal Union of America , gave * public entertain ment that was well attended on Tuesday evening last. An interesting program waa rendered , after which refreshments were served , Bnilnei. and Fraternal Association. Last week was an Important one In the history of the Business and Fraternal as sociation. Monday was the day devoted to the order at the exposition and after being called together and completing an organiza tion down town the members went to the exposition grounds , accompanied by the Wllber band , which , was especially engaged for the occasion. Tuesday and Wednesday were devoted to business meetings. On Tuesday night , After an exemplification of the new ritualis tic work , Omaha lodge No. 1 entertained the visitors with an excellent musical and literary program , which was followed by refreshments and dancing. Thirty-six lodges were represented at the meetings and all of the delegates left Omaha strengthened In their loyalty to the order. Highlander. . Grampian castle of the Royal Highlanders was established at Clarion , Neb. , August 13. The following Is the list of officers who were elected and Installed : Charles D. Osborn , P. I. P. ; Thomas Lee Osborn , I. I. ; Charles Boyer , C. C. ; Charles W. Clute , W. E. ; Charles G. Andllng , 8. ; Rush F. Osborn , T. ; August Volk , W. ; Simon VIn- negan , G. ; James Casey , 0. O. S. ; Oscar S. Reeves , C. O. A. ; Zacharlah M. Osborn , F. P. C. ; Charles W. Clute , S. P. C. ; Rush F. Osborn , T. P. C. ; Dr. Daniel , P. C. Supreme Deputy H. C. M. Burgess and Deputy Frank R. Pettlt are actively en gaged In organizing castles In Nebraska. Ladle , of the Maornber. . The Nebraska state convention of the Ladles of the Maccabees of the World will be hold lu Omaha September 28 and 29 , for the purpose of electing representatives to the supreme hive. The supreme com mander of the order , Lilian M. Holllster , and Supreme Record Keeper Ulna M. West of Port Huron , Mich. , will be in attend ance. A Joint meeting of all hives In Omtba and South Omaha will bo held In Labor temple , Fifteenth and Douglas streets , at 8 o'clock on the evening of August 21. Farr.ter. . Tinley L. Combs , delegate from Nebraska to the supreme court session of the Inde pendent Order of Foresters , has been noti fied by Dr. Oronhyatekha that ho has been made a member of the committee on dls * trlbutlon and leaves Omaha tonight for Toronto. Lelonso court of the Companions of the Foresters was established last week in South Omaha. Secret Hoplety Note. . Royal Oaks grove meets for Installation , of officers at Myrtle ball on Monday , Aug ust 22 , at 8 p. m. The Installation will take place after a short musical and literary program. The national encampment of the Grand Array of the Republic , which Is to held In Cincinnati September G to 10 , Is attract ing considerable attention and promises to be one of the largest In the history ot the organization. The Pythian lodges throughout tbo city have been enjoying a season ot prosperity In the war. o ( InlUtlc-ai/ , Nebraska ledge NHW PUBLICATIONS. BendMenrttnaw will mud nuiniiM i Inoothi and lBl BIlnolHoll plttt Ch lD boitptld.Thli bis nidi la Introduce out HOUSEHOLD JOtmNAL , 1.1. Cor. Rlatb tni rUbrt Btrt.ti. FUltitlpUt , ! EDUCATIONAL. DAY ACADEMY OF THE Cor. 27th and St. Mary's Avcnuj Classes will bo resumed Wednesday , Sen * tember 7th. The Academic Course contains every branch of a thorough refined and literary education. French , German and Latin are Included In the curriculum of studies , free of charge. Brownell Hall Opens Sept. 10th , 1808. Boarding and Day School for Girln Under the direction of Rt. Rev. George Worthlngton , 8. T. D. , LL. D , Primary , preparatory and collegiate courses. Com * petent coips of teachers. Modern meth ods and every advantage offered. Strict attention paid to the moral , mental and physical well being of the students. Diplo mas conferred. Prepares for all colleges open to women. Special courses In Hl > b > er English , Sciences , Ancient and Modern Languages. Music and Art. Terms mod erate , uuildlnc repaired and In excellent order. Sanitary plumbing. Satisfactory steam heatlnc. Parents and guardians desiring to enter pupils will please send for catalogue , or apply personally to Mrs. L .R. Upton , Prin. Brownell Hull. Omaha. Neb , St. Mary's Academy C l r Iki DlncUoi .f U lUltn t tki Uol ; CrtM. I0n mlle wMt ot Notre Dam * Untreriltr. ; St. Catherine's Academy 18th and Cass Streets , WILL BE OPEN As a Guest House for Ladiefl during the mouths of July and August. No. 1 has been , doing work at every meet ing nnd some times It has conferred two or three ranks on the same evening. tn Monday evening the tblM rank will be coiv fcrred and after the work Is completed tb.4 entertainment committee ban promtte4 something of Interest to all visiting Knlth Ot Pythias who alt-ma the meeting.
