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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (May 24, 1898)
PRESENT NEED OF THE NAVY' i Lewraa Which Have Been Taught by the Existing War. FAST ARMORED CRUISERS NECESSARY All nittht In Thrlr Plncr , fcnt Are Too Slow for Ef- fccttTe OfTcniilre Warfare. "WASHINGTON . May 23. As a result of the maneuvers executed by the Spanish fleet under the command of Admiral Ccrvcra , future naval constructors will give armored cruisers a prominent place In the type adopted for offensive warfare. This , per haps , la the best lesson taught up to this" time In the war with Spain. Such Is the opinion of naval experts since Admiral Cervera with his speedy squadron arrived ten days ago at Martinique. It marks the downfall of the theory so strongly ad vocated by Captain E. F. Goodrich , now In command of the Yale and former principal of the Naval War college , that the armored cruiser had no place tn modern nuvlea. "Captain Ooodrlch Is now probably con vinced of the value of armored cruisers , " said a prominent naval officer , "In view of the fact that as commanding offlcer of the Tale he ha been scouting for the enemy's fleet since a few days before Us arrival at Martinique. "The armored cruiser is nothing moio than a swift , seagoing battleship. Japan recognizes this fact and Is the only nation that was quick to take advantage of such recognition. Us lesson was learned at Talu. where Its protected cruisers of great speed nnd equipped with rapid firing guns Orove from the scene of battle the Chinese [ battleships of slow speed nnd thick armor. That the lesson was well learned Is shown bfthe fact that Japan Immediately placed contracts with the Armstrongs of England for the construction of six battleships of great speed , in order to get the speed desired , eighteen knots , with , the protection and armament specified by the mikado's government , It wa necessary to make the hips of great displacement , and two of them , the Yashlma and Fuji , which are now on their T7sr t japan , are of 12,430 tons displacement each. The later ships have a displacement of U.850 tons each. On their trials the Yashlma and Fuji de veloped spec-da of 18.3 and 19.2 knots re spectively. : \ - < l Them Aon. "These vessels are really the develop ment of the armored cruiser type. What otild we now give for such vessels under . command of Uear Admiral Sampson. Two of thorn , with the New York and Brooklyn , would be able to destroy or drive away Admiral Ccrvera's squadron. This govern ment In building the Iowa obtained a typo In some respects similar to the armored cruiser , but Its speed Is only sixteen knots and under present conditions Is probably but thirteen or fourteen. "Since the war began we have been using vessels for purposes for which their tjpe unsulted them. For Instance , the Indiana and Mnssachusettb are coast defense battle ships. Yet they have bec'n sent to sea cruis ing for -the enemy , when they are really intended for defensive purposes. Then we have been employing harbor defense moni tors for blockading purposes and for offen- Ive warfare , the result being to cripple the maneuvering quality of our fleet and handicapping Rear Admiral Sampson seri ously In his offensive and defensive opera tions. Our ship building policy has been all wrong. The country has gone on the theory that a defensive navy was all that was necessary. The present war teaches thnt an offensive navy Is required. "The necessity of target practice In limit of peace la apparent when we think of the firing of the Spaniards nt Manila , at Matan- zas and San Juan on the American squad rons. Wo knew before the war began the desirability of employing smokeless ponder , but congress failed to make the necessary appropriation when it was recommended sev eral years ago , and the department hail to fall back on brown powder. "I think congress will now agree that docks are the crying necessity at this time. Although none of the battleships are capa ble of greater speed than sixteen knots an hour , under present foul conditions they cannot probably steam at a greater rate than twelve or thirteen knots. The divers sent to Key West from Norfolk will be able to scrape the propellers clean and thus In crease the. speed of the ships , but they will not remove the barnacles off the bottoms to any great extent , for it Is Impossible for ( hem to do good work under water. " TO I MM AN HILL. fMri-err S > Delay In Danarron * to the Mrnnure. WASHINGTON. May 23. ( Special Tele- | rram.I Congressman Mercer , speaking of the opposition vvhlch has suddenly made its appearance against the Indian congress nmendment , sold today that It was not so jnnch a questlon of money Involved In the Appropriation , but that an assemblage of FO many Indians as contemplated might bave anything but a beneficial effect on the red men and undo much that has been done for his advancement. He thought , tiowever , that the amendment might be udopted but admitted that delay was dan- Kerous to the success of the measure. Rep resentative Sherman is quoted today as enylng that the Indian will be among the last appropriation bills to be finished by congress on account of the war revenue measure , vvhlch Is developing greater op position every day. McCord Brady & Co. have written Rep resentative Mercer that they will be com pelled to form partnership should the cor poration tax be adopted as having passed the house. Opposition to this feature of the war revenue measure Is being most pro nounced and It promised to seriously enter Into the discussion of the measure , U. D. Dunham of Farnum , Lincoln county. is in the city. Senator Allen today Introduced a bill to divide a portion of the reservation of the Sioux nation of Indians In Dakota Into sepa rate reservations and to secure rellnqulsh- iiient of Indian title to the remainder. He alao Introduced a bill to pension William 11. Warhead. Fred Hendrickson of Casey , S. D. , ant Harry M. Faller of Council Bluffs , la. , were today appointed clerks In the railway mat ecrvlce. Among the appointments made In Sour Stomach After I wa. Induced tn try C-VBCA- RETV , 1 will norerbtt nlthuut them In I bo house. MT llrvr vat In a very to4 ikape. and 1117 bead coed and I ha4 itoinacb trouble Now ilnretak- Inn Caicarel * . I feel Boo. iljr lf tint alto u > e4 tfiem wltti beuuBctal remits lor tour iicmach. ' JUS. KlllilLUid , ly.'l Copgren btEt. . Luoli , Mo. ricuaot , PaUMblo , Potrnl. T te Good. Do fiooii. Merer Sicken , YVcakeu. or Grip * . ICc. ttc.Uo. . . . CURE CONSTIPATION. r T Hu Ut 0-Ti-MC the Treasury department todny was that' ; of John , W. tV Williams of Xi-braak * at. $720 a year. The comptroller of the currency today de- ctared a dividend of 10 per cent In favor of the creditor * of the Dakota National hank of Sioux Falls , S. D. , making CO per cent In all claims , amounting tn $15,621. Contract for furnishing the steam heat for the public building at Oltttnrwa , la. , for the next fiscal year was today awarded to the Ottumka Electric Railroad company at J4W n year. The comptroller of the currency has been advised of the appointment of A. J. Car penter as cashier of the Klrat National bank of Elkader , la. . In place ot 11. Meyer. The Third National bank of St. Louis was today approved as re erve agent for the United States National bntik of Omaha. Samuel Hotter wa * today appointed post master of Wayland , Polk county. Neb. , vice Frank D. Newcomer , resigned. > IMVH for the Amir. WASHINGTON. May 23. ( Special Tele gram. ) Army orders are Issued today as follows : Captain Joseph T. Clarke , assistant sur geon , will proceed to Tampa , Fla. , and re port to Major General William R. Shatter , United States volunteers. Second Lieuten ant Edward T. Hartman , rifteenlh Infan try , Is relived of duty at Fort Bayard , N. M. , and will Join his company. Leave of absence for fifteen days Is granted Chaplain T. J. Harbaugh , Sixth Ohio volunteers. Second Lieutenant Edward D. C.issltt , Fourth cav alry. Is relieved at the United States Mili tary academy , West I'olnt , and will pro ceed to Tampa and report to General Wil liam II. Shatter , United States volunteers. Plrat Lieutenant Clement A. F. Flagler , corps of engineers , will proceed to Chlcka- ruaug.i National park , Georgia , and report to General Jnmes H. Wilson , United Sta'ea \olunteers. Major Joseph M. Kelly , Tenth cavalry , upon completion of duties pertain ing to the purchase of horses for the Thin ! United States volunteer cavalry , will Join his regiment. First Lieutenant William Klynn , Eighth cavalry , Is detailed as a member of a board appointed to meet at Fort Leavenorth , Kan. , Captain Andrew G. Hammond , Eighth cavalry , relieved. Leave of absence Is granted Lieutenant George A. Nugent , Sixth artillery , to enable him to accept a commission as captain In the Third United States volunteer cavalry. Captain 'hlllp Reade , Third Infantry , will proceed o Tampa , Fla. , and report to General Jacob ' . Kent. United States volunteers. Captain ohn C. Hardy. Thirteenth Minnesota volun- cera. hating tendered his resignation. Is Uncharged from the service of the United States. Lieutenant Colonel George R. Cecil will proceed to Mobile , Ala. , and report to General John J. Copplnser. Fourth army corps. Major George Andrews , relieved rom duty on the staff of General John J. Copplnger , at Mobile , Ala. , will proieed to Governor's Island , New York City , and re port to the commanding general. Department of the East. Second Lieutenant Joseph T. 3rabbs. Eighth cavalry. Is detailed as quar- ermaster and commissary of the United States army hospital ship lit New York City. Major Edward M. Hayes , Seventh cavalry , relieved from duty with the national guard of North Carolina , will proceed to Tampa and report to the commanding general of the Fifth army corps. First Lieutenant Charles R. Noycs , Ninth Infantry , Is relieved from duty at Iowa Wesleyan university. Mount Measant , la. Captain George W. Goethals , corps of engineers , will proceed to Chlcka- mauga National park , Ga. , and report to General John R. Brooke. United States army. The following assignments of officers of the medical department are made : To west army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Rush Huldekoper , United States volunteers ; Second end army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Alfred ! . Glrard , United States volunteers ; Third army corps. Lieutenant Colonel J. Van R. Hoff , United States volunteers ; Fourth army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Robert M. O'Rollly , United States volunteers ; Fifth army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin F. Pope , United States volunteers ; Sixth army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Nicholas Senn. United States volunteers ; Seventh army corps. Lieutenant Colonel Louis M. Haus , United States volunteers. Snlillerx UrnTV Pay from Enrollment. WASHINGTON , May 23. The house today massed the senate bill providing for the pay ment of volunteers from their enrollment and authorizing the secretary of war to pay troops embarking for Manila one month In advance. > nius OF THE KANSAS SCHOOLS Serloua KitiiIt * In the System Pointed Out by the Snprrlntriident. TOPEKA. Kan. , May IS. ( Special. ) The schools of Kansas are receiving attention al the hands of the state superintendent of public Instruction , which promises to bring about many changes In their governmenl during the coming year- Superintendent Stryker has issned several circulars calling attention to the methods used In the school and rigorously has condemned the prevalent abuses. He advocates a thorough revision o ; management and it Is probable that the next legislature will consider some stringent bills looking to Important changes In the work of the schools. For Instance , he calls at tention to the discrepancy In payment of wages. The average number of pupils to each teacher In the cities of the first class Is flfty-six. In grammar grades forty-nine. In high schools forty-three. In corresponding grades In cities of the second class the Qgures are ilfty-nlne , fifty-two and fifty- four. four.The The salaries paid In cities of the first class are : Primary grades , J50 ; grammar , $54 high school , $78. Corresponding rates in cities of the second class are $11 , $43 am $67. The average attendance Is 76 per cen of the enrollment and the average length of term of eight months. The average for all schools In the state is $1.30 per month for each pupil. The average In the first am second class cities Is a little less than $1 a month. This makes the cost In the rura schools for the average of five months as great or greater than the coat In the city schools for a term of eight months , the smaller average attendance in the country schools being more than an offset for the smaller wages ( an average of $32 per month paid the country teachers. A remarkably crowded condition of school rooms In the cities Is reported , particularly tu the primary departments. Jn some place pupils are denied the privilege of attend Ing school because ot the lack of accommo datlons. The state superintendent has i plan by which every city school board shal employ a competent physician to examine th eyes of all pupils and to see that there are proper light and ventilation. He also want a truant officer to bring tn the large num ber of children on the streets , claiming tha It would Increase the attendance 10 to 2 per cent in the upper grades. The town for the most part have very lax laws fo attendance on the schools , and , considering the cost of the schools , It means a wasts o money. The low wages paid to Kansas teacher have become notorious and each year see them grow less. Ten years ago all the bes country districts paid $40 to $55 a month Now few ot them pay $40 , and the low marl has dropped from $3o to $20 , many boys an girls Just able to get a certificate beln glad to teach for tbl * amount. The itat superintendent has urged the school board to try to do better this year. May Be Cumtlf MUtaLe. CHICAGO. May 53. A special from Wash ington says ! The firing upon the Engllsl ship Roth by the Spanish cruiser Isabe promises serious complications. The Span- ; 1th tuy it was a mistake , but the Brills h ! and Americans think not. 'BRING ' . IN BLOCKADE RUNNER ' ! I British Ship Arrives at Key West with Prize Crew on Board. WAS ACTING IN A SUSPICIOUS MANNER In.l Iteen Warned Onrv HeforrJlot In Attempt to Enter llntunn and Compelled to Put Hack. KEY WEST. Fla. . May 23. The British teamer Ardandhor , Captain Dana , came Into ort this morning In charge of an ensign rom the auxiliary gunboat Osceola , by hlch vessel the Ardandhor was seized yes- erday off Gary's fort light , because It was cttng In a suspicious manner , and was sup- osed to be trying to enter Havana harbor , t was here several weeks ago with a cargo or Havana , having been turned back by he blockade fleet. The Ardandhor , which s chartered by James E. Ward & Co the New York and Cuba Mall Steamship ompany ) , then proceeded to New York , un- oadcd Its cargo of cattle and proceeded for Nassau and Mexican ports , Including Vera ruz. It stopped at Nassau on Its way outh , and when captured yesterday , was ar out ot Its course if bound for Vera Jruz. The British steamer Ardandhor , captured y the Osceola , was released this afternoon y order of Commodore Remey. NEW YORK , May 23. The British teamer Ardandhor , which sailed from 3uanta , Venezuela , on April i2 , Jxiund for iavana with a cargon of 873 head of cattla vaa turned back by the blockade fleet put nto Key West and reached New York on lay -4. It reported that when off Matansa * n April 27 at S.30 p. m. It was stopped , nd boarded by the United States cruiser Cincinnati and was warned that It must not nter any Cuban port. It only lost eighteen lead of rattle en the voyage and Its cargo was sold In New York. The Ardandhor has > een In the cattle trade between Quanta nd Havana for the last six months. It be- ongs to the Ardandhor line of steamers , eglsters 1,336 tons and Is chartered by 'ames E. Ward & Co. It sailed from here m May 17 , after having cleared for Nassau , i' . P. , and Mexican ports. At the office of James A. Ward & Co. to- lay It was said that there was no truth In .he allegation that the steamer Ardandhor was trying to run the blockade of Havana , and surprise was expressed at the fact that t had been ueized. It was added that the iVard line people had never had anything to do with the Ardandhor until after it dis charged Its cargo of cattle at New York , when they chartered It. When the steamer eft New York on May 17 It had on board a general cargo , principal ! ) of railroad Iron , manufactured iron and lumber. It was bound for Nassau and Mexican ports. It eft Nassau on Sunday nl ht of last week and was bound from there to Tamplco , Met. , and from there to Vera Cruz , re- : urnlng here after touching at Proferesso. The officials of the Ward line say there has not been the slightest attempt of entering any Cuban port , as demonstrated by the fact that the Ardandhor had nothing In its cargo for such ports. It was added that Washington would be at once communicated with and a demand for the release of the steamer would be promptly made. CITIES WELL GOVKIl.Min. Old Grrmany Teaching Xew Ainrrlca a LeMon. In a recent number of the Outlook. Frank Hoffman writes an Informing article un der the title "Municipal Activities in Ger many. " Mr. Hoffman refers to the oft-ex pressed supposition , on this side the Atlantic , hat the old and over-crowded cities of Europe are at a standstill and have , little or nothing of the progressive spirit of the new world. Mr. Hoffman tells us that this s far from the truth. As a matter of fact , le proceeds , "one sees now so few Indica tions ot antiquity In some of them that ! fear before another generation passes away one will see of It almost nothing at all. In many German cities acres upon acres of densely populated areas have been demol ished by the government In making way for wide streets and stately buildings. Ham burg , since Its terrible experience with the cholera , has been transformed esthetlcally. It has grown faster than Boston and It Is "more attractive than Paris. " Cologne has nearly doubled In population during the Ia t ten years. Berlin was smaller than Phila delphia In I860 ; now It Is 500.000 larger. Other German cities have kept pace with our own always excepting Chicago. "A German city Is governed by a burger- melster and a Stadtrath , or , as we should say , a mayor and city council. They are elected In different ways , but In general the Berlin system prevails. The voters of each district are listed in the order of the sums they pay for taxes. Then they are divided up Into three groups , each of which has paid one-third of the entire amount of the tax. Each one of these groups then selects a member of the council. In the city of Essen , where the Krupp gun works are. It recently happened that four voters were tn the first group , 353 In the second and 12,137 tn the third , and they each se lected their member of the council. "It Is an honor In Germany to be elected to the Gemelnde or Staatrath and the title Is much coveted by scholars and professional men as well as merchants and other men of affairs. In Berlin several of the uni versity professors are on the council , among them the celebrated Prof. Vlrchow , No sal aries are paid to the councilors and a pen alty Is attached to a refusal to serve , al though there is no occasion to Inflict It. The council selects the mayor. It designates the mayor's expert associates , who ar * > the heads of the various departments , raises the means for carrying on the government and represents in general the standards and as pirations of the community tha whole au thority of the community being In Its banda "The mayor and the council attend to al most everything. The German conception ol city government recognizes no limit what ever to Its functions. To the German mind a municipality Is a great family. It or ganizes for business and social enda and the government It selects Is the meam lor the accomplishment of thooe ends. It is bound to do everything it can to promote the welfare of its members. For thia rea son It does not hesitate to engage in any kind of business in vvhlch the public baa a direct Interest. Of course , It provides for education , and education Includes technical education. Besides the schools for archi tecture and commerce and similar pursuits , there are In Prussia alone thirty-five schools for painters and decorators , nine fo : shoemakers , twenty for bakers , six foi butchers , and so OIL. "The theater also Is universally regarded as a nece&sary part of the educational sys tem of the country. There Is no doubt In my mind that It exercises a strong human izing and refining Influence on all classes , Many of the principal cities and towns al Germany have taken the management ol the theater into their own hands and de termined to conduct It Independently of the one supreme aim of making money. Th < same may be said of the German opera. ' Only the elementary schools are free Ic Germany , and In some parts of the countrj even In these a small tuition fee Is required Nowhere do they have free books. Everj scholar is thoroughly trained in music , con- istqutntly everybody sings , from the kaUei down to the humblest peasant , In all gath- jertngs of the people , great or small , elngtnj * ls""alwiys a chief fMure. and everybody Joins in it , from theiefehht to the youngest. No teacher can get < l < foSltlon In Germany , 1 am toU , who Is unatyp to sing and play on an organ or piano. "All cartful student ! ot modern life In cities are agreed that'ihKhousIng of the poor presents one of the 'irtfet serious and diffi cult problems of ountlmo. in many German cities It Is required t' ' > W > ° np-thlrd of every building lot shall b < { , lf < t unbuilt as space for air and light. Also that no apartment shall be used for humitinccupancy _ contain ing less than a prescribed minimum of cubic space fnr each Individual or lacking the te- qulred provision forjllfent , heat and venti lation. The whole pretcmt and prospective area ot Greater Berlin Uilnlil out In district * , each ot which has hlrt'ady had prescribed for It the kind and character of the houses that may be erected In them. For example. In one district detached villas must be con structed If the lots arc to be built on at all , and these must be of a certain size and general character ; Besides these ways of attending to the comfort and health of the public , most of the , German cities have es tablished great hospitals for the treatment of Infectious and contagious diseases. Under the guidance ot Prof. Vlrchow as a member ot the municipal government , Berlin can now defy cholera ; such diseases as typhoid ever and smallpox are fast approaching the olnt ot extermination , "It Is also the policy ot German cities o bring under strict governmental super- Islon all articles of ordinary diet. ThU s especially true of the meat supply. Al- nest everywhere the meat must be slaught- red under municipal auspices , and public nspectors are constantly going from shop o shop where It Is being offered to the pub ic. It may fairly be said that adulterated oods do not exist In Germany. The law provides that even those who are Ignorant ot their nature shall be liable to fine and mprlsonment If they attempt to expose hem for sale. And this is done when th adulteration of food Is rampant tn nearly all other civilized lands. 'The German cities also do all they can o encourage small wage-earners and pro- ect those In temporary distress. To this end they have established a system of mu nicipal savings banks and municipal pawn- hops. The Berlin savings bank system has more than 400,000 such depositors. In \achen ( Aix-la-Chapelle ) It Is said that al most every man , woman and child has a > ank book. These banks pay about 3 pat ent Interest on their deposits , and It Is paid with the greatest regularity , as the funds are usually Invested in government securl- tes ot some sort. Many such cities as Jresden , Munich , etc. , have been engaged n the pownshop business for over a cen- ury , and experience has shown this to beef of the greatest practical benefit to the poor. The rates are usually 2 per cent a month on small sums , and 1 per cent on amounts over $7 or $ S. Perhaps the most noticeable of the many spheres ot activity of a tjplcal German city are Its public parks and playgrounds. Ber- In has about eighty such places open to the ; eneral public. Dresden thirty-five , Chem nitz twenty-four , and so on. Heidelberg , a city of about 30,000 inhabitants , has over 5,000 acres of parks ind"voodland under Its ownership and control.-t Most of this area 3 , of course , outsdUw.heart ! of the city , ) Ut It Is laid out with firy walks and drives , with resting places and good restaurants at short Intervals , air under governmental con l : " trol. " _ VVOHSK THA * A .TIGI1T31AHU. t > The ThliiK thnt nnU.iir a Chlengo Mun. Hwll O\er'n'lih Groan. Mr. McSwat groaned'in his sleep , rolled over and awoke. | ' He sat bolt uprlght'ln'hls ' bed. reports the Chicago Tribune. ' * "What is the majterBllllber ? " asked Mrs. McSwat , vvhom ii jweasy motions had aroused from her alumUers. "Nothing much , " ho nniwered. " 1 had something like a nightmare. I think. " "Were jou rolling off the roof of a house and did you wake up Just before you hit Lhe ground ? " queried Mrs. McSwat , becom ing Interested at once. "Do you know some people think that If you doa't wake liefore you do reach the ground jou " "I think I'd like to go to sleep again. Lobelia , " mumbled Mr. McSwat , lying down and emitting a large and lugubrious yawn. "But what was your nightmare , Bllllger ? " persisted Lobelia. "I didn't say It was a nightmare. I said I It was something like a nightmare. " "Something terrible looking at you o\er the footboard of the bed and you tried to scream-and couldn't ! Was it like thatJ" "No , and It wasn't a big fish with horns and a contralto voice trying to swallow me. Suppose > ou quiet down now and go to sleep. " "I think that's as mean as It can be. You wake me up , tell me you've had a nightmare " mare "Great Scott , Lobelia " "Something like a nightmare that's what you said. It was enough to wake you up. \ and you \voke me , and now you won't tell j me what It was ! You must have some rea son for It. How do you suppose I can go to sleep again when you act like that ? Was , It a note coming due ? Have you been run nlng Into debt without saying anything to me about " "If you'll not say anything more I'll tell ' you as nearly as I can " "There's no use tn your saying that. You ! know exactly what it was. I want the ( whole story. " "Suffering Socrates ! There Isn't any whole story. All there Is to tell Is that I seemed | to be oppressed by some premonition ot coming evil a vague sort of feeling that t Eomethlng weird and unearthly was about t to happen do I make myself clear , Lo belia ? " "Yes , yes. Go on. " "There was an Indefinable sensation of dread , an uncanny , creepy kind of impres sion that seemed to portend some myste . rious calamity untoward event of whose precise nature 1 was Ignorant save that It was inevitable and was swiftly Impending are you quite sure you follow me ? " "Yes , yes ! What else ? " "So strong was this impression upon me that I awoke. I awoket Lobelia , to the Im mediate realization of the calamity whose shadowy or foreshadpwy horror had 1 weighed upon me ! It -present now , Lobe lia ! Does not your soul.slnk beneath Us " "Don't talk that way , Bllllger ! You frighten me ! What i ) . ,112" "What Is it ? Thati everlasting dog-goned 1 smell from the stock yards ! Where's your nose ? You're nearest tha-'wlndow. Oblige me by getting up and puttlac it down. Thanks i. Now will you have ihe igooJnesa , Lobelia i , , to consider this a closed incident , and lei t me go to sleep again1 * i RIM COAL IN MODERN WAR Why His Jolly Old Soul Should Hejoica More Than Ever. HUGE DEMANDS ON HIS STOREHOUSE Hrnintt * Wlir HP l n Tmn.-n.loim Knotor In > n\nl Operation * Slant lip r.inttilfr.l In Ktcr > Prononetl 3l.ttoiu.-ut. The American Navy department has been obliged to consider In the present war a factor which was entirety omitted in the famous struggle of 1S12. and which did not exist before the present century. ThU la. briefly , the question of supplying : coal to war ships. Those who are not posted In modern naval tactics and who are not posttd In n.tutlcal affairs , says the Olobe-Dcmo- crat , cannot realize the vital necessity of having an ample supply of fuel on ship board or the quantity consumed even by a gunboat running at high speed. With the exception of Its Asiatic fleet , the UnlUcl States Is In no danger from this cause , un- I less It sends a force to attack the Spanish coast , when some nice calculating would have to be done to prevent our vessels from becoming useless for lack of coal. Useless Is the word , for fuel Is Just as necessary as shot , shell and powder. Today we have not an Inch of salt area on any of our battle ships or cruisers. Only such craft as the Bancroft , Helena nnd others of the gunboat type carry canvas , and the amount Is so small as to give them but a nominal speed. The quantity of coal which the furnaces of a modern steamship "eat up" is almost Incredible. The great liners running between New York nnd Europe at a speed of twenty knots and over per hour are obliged to carry enough fuel at each trip to fill a coal yard. The supply ranges from 2,500 tons to 3.500 tons , and the expense of coaling , not Includ ing the price of the fuel , alone runs up from Jl.OOO to J1.300 each trip. Unless pro-eedlni ? under "hurry orders" a battleship or cruiser seldom averages over twelve knots per hour , for to Increase the speed beyond these figures means "forced draught" for the furnaces. In other words , the Intensity of the heat la Increased by more air beln forced into the fires , with the result that Ihc coal consumption Increases at a very 'rapid ' ratio. As Is well known , the Minnea polis , Columbia and others of our cruisers can travel at the rate of over eighteen knots | per hour when required , but to do this ru- j quires the use of three times as much fuel 'as ' at the twelve-knot rate , although the In- jcrsaso In speed Is but DO per cent. The .North German Lloyd company made a series jot experiments with one of their express [ ships a few years ago. It was found that the furnaces of this steamer burned ninety I tons of coal per day when going at the rate of twelve knots per hour , ISO tons at sixteen knots an hour and 300 tons at twenty knots an hour. Limited Caimvlty of Wnr Slil | > . If the coal-carrying capacity of war ships was as large In proportion to their slzp ai merchant vessels , the fuel question woull not be as Important. But even our largest battleships , such as the Massachusetts and Oregon , cannot take on more than 1,300 to 1.350 tons at one time. From this figure the capacity Is narrowed down to 100 w > 200 tons for' the gunboats. European pow ers have followed practically the same esti mates In allowing for fuel , and , consequently quently , the Spanish ships are also limited. The principal vessels in Its service on the Atlantic at present have a tonnage ranglnc from 5,000 to 10,000. Including those re ported to be In dry dock , Spain has nine of these ships , in addition to several torpedo boats , which burn petroleum , and eight or ten gunboats and email cruisers varying from 700 to 1,200 tons. The Pelayo , Us largest vessel , would require from 730 to SCO tons , steaming at the rate of ten knots art hour across the Atlantic to Porto Rico , estimating the distance from Cadiz which Is one ot the Spanish coaling stations to Porto Rico at 3,000. The Alfonso XIII , a 5,000-ton cruiser , would require over 500 tons covering the same distance at the same rate of speed. This Is supposing that the vessels have enl > fair "weather and are not obliged by' storms or other conditions to Increase their speed. If the Alfonso were required to average fifteen knots per hour It would burn 1,600 tons and run out of coal long before It reached this side of the water. Mirine ex perts calculate that the Spanish fleet now In the Atlantic would require fully 7,000 tons of coal to reach Porto Rico , even at the slow speed referred to. If their bunkers are empty when they reach this side and they are kept from coalIng - Ing by our war ships , the shortage of fuel would mean a sweeping victory for ths United States vessels , as they would have the enemy practically at their mercy , and could force them to surrender possibly wlth- I out firing a gun. This may seem at first extravagantsupposltlon , but It Is really what the Navy department has taken Into serious consideration. Besides having col liers with the fleet each containing several ri thousand tons of coal. United States ships fcan obtain coal at half a dozen points on th south Atlantic and gulf coasts -within 300 j miles of Havana and within 1,300 miles of Porto Rico , supposing that these points were ! not captured by us. Not only has Spain the danger of a fuel * famine at sea. but also slight chances of > reaching her own bases of supplies. This Is ' by the number and location of the j coaling stations in the West Indies. The four most important are at Havana. Kings ton. Jamaica , San Juan , Porto Rico and St. | Thomas. In the Danish West Indies. The j nearest port to Europe where a vessel can j ordinarily obtain coal is at Santa Lucia , I v.hlch Is nearly 1,200 miles east of Havana. j Besides these places are Matanzas and Cac- 1 denas , on the northern coast ot Cuba , both 11 within 100 miles of Havana ; Clenfuegos and St. Jago. on the southern coast. Only small vessels could enter Cardenas and St. Jago. while , as is well known , all of the Cuban coast Is so closely watched that an enemy's war ship could not enter without a battle. Spain has no other coaling station except San Juan and Ponce , on the Island of Porto Rico , the latter place being too small to beef of strategic Importance , As Porto Rico Is nearly COO miles nearer Europe than Havana , it would be the natural base of supplies , but there Is no question that a Spanish fleet would be obliged to encounter the best ships of our navy In order to enter the harbor. , The other places are controlled by neutral ' nations who could not furnish fuel from the fact that It Is contraband of war. | Estimates which have been obtained on Uncle Sam has a surprise for the Dons and Drox U Shoomnn has the bllwst klnil of a &urprl > e for'thu ' boys UMmlly Ki'iin'ne Ktiss-hi cnl ; * bV- . only In man's hhoi-.s but the-c boyV j.uoenrc Rpnuinu Itiivthi calf in the rk-hi- and ni'wvit tan ! haiU > - that will bi shown this sea > on. HoyV sizes ' _ ' A to 5H- are $2.00 ; youths' Mz , illto 1' , are $1.75 and Iltttle cent's sizes , 9 to 13 , arc $1.50 there'll bo a bl run on those shoe- . we sell lots of UIOM hoy's tan bboes at $1.50 but they're not genuine Iltiss'a calf like these. Drexel Shoe Co. , Oui tiu' > Cp-to-date Shoe Home. 141 $ ) FARXA.H STREET. Lithia Waters Arc divided into two classes , the Natural and their imitations , the Artificial. Of the former only two com mand any considerable attention among the medical faeult\ ; while of the latter there arc thousands , and all "better" than those which they vainly try to imitate. has been prescribed for years by lending' physicians all over the land as the medicinal water containing the I proper elements to antidote the effects of high living | as manifested in RheumatismGout , Dyspepsia , Gravel , I and all Kidney Ailments. There are many waters , 1 but only one Londonderry. Sold Everywhere. good authority of the supply ot coal In the West Indies show that there an * not over i 50,000 tons at San Juan The government statistics Indicate that within the last twelve months from 20,000 to 23,000 tons j l i were sent t& this destination , while It Is claimed about 20,000 tons have been bought t , by Spain and shlpiied from Wales slnre j t 1 January 1. In spite of the Insurrection In | I 'uba the sugar refineries , steam plants In , I the mining dUtrkts , electric light works and factories In the cities HUvo consumed much of the coal sent from this country. During the lat five years from 200,000 to 210,000 oiu have been exported to Cuba annually from the United States. The average for the ' ast > ear was about 225000. Supposing the consumption to be about as usual. It Is ral- i culatcd that there cannot be over 25,000 tons i n Havana today. The supply at either Sail Juan or the Cuban capital Ii , therefore , imlted. | Considered from every standpoint , It ! truly a hazardous venture for tin ? fleet of . any country to proceed at any great dU- ' tance from the base of fuel supply unless they can find en route a coaling port at some friendly nation. In the sane ot Spain our government , by taking gdvantage of the1 situation as to fuel , can poaslbly accomplish for more than by carrying out plans generally - erally adopted In naval warfare. Tti strict neutrality toward Uncle Sam Is aUo of very great advantage. As already stated , con siderable WeUh coal has been sent tu Porto Rico , but all of It was shipped prior to the beginning of hostilities It may also be stated that the same coal U used principally In Spain Itself , and that as It is now de clared contraband by the English govern ment Its delivery will be greatly curtailed. The manufacturing Industries of the king dom , the steamship companies which depend upon Welsh coal for their bunker supply , the government plants for making ordnance , ammunition , etc. , the dry docks and ship yards will all be seriously affected , as the Spanish coal production I ? so small as to be Insignificant , The entire country does not mint over 50,000 tons annually lesi than 25 per cent of what Is exported from Newport News , Va. , alone In the same > erlod. With this accessible to the. acacor-st t would be of much value to the govern ment , but most of the mines are located In : he Biscay provinces , where the country Is so mountainous that there Is no means ot transporting It to the seaboard except oa the backs of mules , which prohibits Its use except locally. SUPREME COURT SYLLABI Home Fire Insurance Co. against Weed. Srror from Lancaster county. Afllrmed. Norval , J. When a bill of exceptions has beer lunshed no question T.ill be considered n determination of vvhlch necessarily Involves ' an examination of'the evidence adduced in the trial conrt. 2. In the absence of a bill of exceptions. instructions to the Jury wiU be presumed to jo free from error , unless they contain statements of the law which could not be correct In any oossible case made by the iroofs under the issues tendered by thu leadings. 2. Where there has been a total loss by Ire of insurpfl realty a clause In the policy limiting the amount of recovery to a sum ess than the amount written In the con tract of Insurance is Invalid and -will not be enforced. I. L'nder the provisions of section 43 , chapter xllll. Compiled Statutes , plaintiff U > nttlcil ! to l\i allowance of a reasonable attorney's fee on the rendition of n Judg ment on a policy of insurance on realty , to > e taxed n * jiart of the costs , and the court mil Jurisdiction to allow- such fees nt the time the ruling is made ui > on the dufemi- int's motion for a new trial , although such motion H not passed upon at the term dur ing which the verdict and Judgment were entered. Bol.se against Knutter. Appeil from Sew- anl county. Judgment. Harrison , C. J. An adjudication , by v. lilcli tlio res on which a writ of attachment had been levied was sold and the proceeds appn > 3 prlatcil to the satisfaction of the di-lit In suit , where the ground of attachment Htate.1 in the utHd.i\1t tlle.1 m the noni residence In the state of the debtor , and hd wa.s not otherwise served tlmn rurHtruc- thfly and did not appear In the Bull , may b by him attacked anil shown to tie void * for the reH ou that he was , at the time of the Iniepttnn and prosecution of the null a resident of the state and then therftii. In a sulnemient litigation between him undv the pi lint la In the attachment suit wherein the adjudication In said null is Invoked al n. defense to the denmnd of the debtor In the attachment oil the plaintiff tlierelrt1- h This muy be done notwithstanding thft record of the ntta'-hrntnt ult on Its fucO ' shows nil acts and facts to constitute It uirrvrt anil regular and with Jiiri.sdlttlon. ' 2. An utt icliment based on an uflhlavlt of * the non-reihlento of the debtor. If sucM statement l.s untrue. Is wrongful and th * l > roceillnis void * , .T Tbe cmsnttltlon herein held stiftklent as a sTatetnent of a oausp of action for th * relief demanded and nlfto for that afforded against an utl.uK by demurrer ore tenusr. " I. A simimtinls of error In this a trial tft tlie court v.Ithout a Jury , of the ndmlsslorf of testimony , of Improper cruss-evimlna * .tlon and Incorrect order of liuroduitlon of evidence examine. ! and determined without forte. 5 evidence held sutllclent to hustalu the judgment against one of the plaintiffs In error and Insutll. lent as to another State ex rel Patterson ngalnbt Venit. . Krror from Pawnee county. Atllnned. Ua- ean. C j Chicago , Rock Island & Pacific Uallroafl against J5turey Error from Lancaster county. Atllrmed Norval , J A repetition of n proposition of law In tli * Instructions Is not reversible error , unless It appears that It operated to the prejudice of the unsuccessful party 2 Where a railroad Is built In nil alley the owner of the lot tthuttlng thereon Is en titled to recover from the railroad com pany the depreciation In the value of the lot resulting from such construction of ths railroad 3 Where the answer of a witness Is not responsive to the question piopouncTed th * proper practice Is to move the court to havs such ansv.er eliminated from the record , 4. The rule for ascertaining damages to real eftate oc.a lone.l by thu construction of a railroad contiguous or adj.irent I thereto. Is the dllloronco In the value of the 1 propertv lmmeillat"ly before and lmme.lf < ntely utter the Improvement , unaffected by ' any Increase or depreciation of property 1aluej 1 generally In the came vicinity. 1 5. In ct.tlm.UlnK the Viluu ) of real eatat * Its rental value may be taken Into con lcU eratlon. I 6 Certain rulings of the trial rourt on ' the admission < jf evidence examined and I approved < f i\vlngs against Ilolline. terror from Otoc county Ilcversed and remanded. Harr'son , C. J. Jurors mny not state to fellow Jurori , while considering their \erdtct , facts rel.i live to Lssues In the case within their own personal Unov. lody. but not of the evl- dence introduced. They should make the satno Xnonn during the trial and If .leslred. testify as witnesses. ( Wood Illver Hank awlnst Dodge. i Neb. , 70 } ; HlchariU utralnst state. 33 N l > , 13. followed. ) i Og.len against Uosenthal. LIrror from W Douglai county. AlTlrmed. Sullivan , J. * An ouier of the district court granting a new til.il on conditions to be performed by the movlni ? partv after the adjournment cf the term Is vullil. 2. In htich case the right to a new trial becomei absolute on performance of the condition. 3 , An order of the district court con strued and held not to be n mere declara tion of Intention on the part of the court , but a positive adjudication establishing at once plaintiff's ricrht to n retrial of tha cause on compliance with certain condi tions named In the order. Alllns against Nelson. Appeal from Daw.-j * county. Affirmed. Sullivan J. Where a case Is tried to the court with out the old of a Jury the admission of Im proper evidence Is not prejudicial error. 2. The nillngs of the trial court rejecting evidence rendered by a party cannot b reviewed by this court on appeal. 3 A party who lirlnss a case to this court by appeal Implledly consents to submit th . Issues for decision upon the evidence ac tually In the record. t. A decree in n foreclosure suit whlcl * llnds the amount due , directs thnt It l > * ji..ld within a tlxed time and provides for the sale of the promlsen In default of pay ment Is not a personal Judgment. 5 On the foreclosure of n tax Hen ba pfl oil n valid tax sale the holder of such Hen Is entitled to recover the amount bid at the tax sale together vslth Interest thereon at thc rate of 20 per cent per annum for ths period of tvo years from the date of 111 * Cfitltlcitte and 10 per cent thereafter. An aKWP-wlvc campaign against lilsli prices mill bi > our iwlh-y from now on. A nt'vv btrforo Imposition * twk in ln > n\itl- ftil new ilesiinis nt stri't'y jvoptilar iirhvs thus jlv ; UK all an opportunity to own a < > oil piano. A few dollar.catli month will buy a standard Instrument siu-li as the pot-rles * "Knabe. " lu-vv scale "Klmlmll. " tlip brilliant "Hallet t ; Davis , " or NVw York favorite "Ki-anacli A : Hiieji" pianos , all with woild-wdo ! reputations. No dealer in Nobr.i-sl.a can set a Klinlmll piano anywhere but ht-te. A. HOSPE , liliSlG 011(1 ( Un I5'3 ' Douglas "What's the difference" between our cabinet and other. ? run tlon don't pur- cliu o any cabinet t.H you know how it N constructed. 15o sine and a k If thtj cabinet has a door Kvery day \\e 10- celve letters from disgusted people who have been dec-leved by cuts and nils- representations .stating that they Pent their ? r > .00 and expected to jet a real cabinet , but Instead they jcot alwut three yards of ooils with a hoop at the top and Irtttom our cabinets have n door. TheAloe&PenfoldCo fl Hclall Uruff Mouse 1403 Farnam Street. f\M A H A Oppo IU Paxtcn UotiJ. VIUAX1A
