20 TJ1E OMAHA DAILY BEE * SUNDAY , APRIL 24 , 1808 ,
GROWTH OF PARR SYSTEM
Ytlnable Tracti of Land /.cqu'rcd by the
City.
SEVEN CF THE Elfilir PARKS ARE IMPRSVED
Tlintixnmlii of Doltnr * Spent In
Ingntnrc < n Hcnatlfr the
UroiinilH I'lKiirrn on the
Kxpcunc.
Omaha has eight parka which comprise
bout D50 acres. Throe of them wcro lo
cated largely with a view to the future , anil
have not been extensively Improved. The
others have been artistically laid out and
successfully beautified , and even nojr they
compare ory favorably with thcoo of other
western cltleo. The work baa been done
KO gradually that few people outPldc ot these
who have made the parks their- hobby have
any Idea of the amount of , money and labor
that has been expended to bring this about.
Since the present Doard of Park Commts-
loners was authorized in 1SS9 the clt- Ins
expended ) about 1700,000 In the purchase and
Improvement ot Us parks and In laying out
what will some day be one of the finest
lysktn of boulevards ot willed any city can
boast. Of this amount { 400,000 was raised
by tbc sale ot bonds In 1892 and was ex
pended In the purchase of additional park
territory. The remainder has been raised
by tax levies and has been expended solely
for Improvement and maintenance.
To Jefferson Square belongs the distinction
ot being the flr.it piece of parked ground In
the city. It Is all that Is loft of the original
dedication , as platted In 1S34 , anJ In spite
of various effort * to divert It to other pur-
poies It Is likely to remain a park for all
time. Its mcst narrow escape from sacri
fice was In 1893 , when the city council pro
vided 'by ' ordinance that It should be used
, aa a site for the market house , for the con-
Rtructlon of which bonds had been voted.
A. I * . Tukoy. who was "then , as now , presi
dent of the park board , applied to ttio courts
for an Injunction to restrain the city from
diverting the park to this purpose
and hung Uie matter up until a
couple of weeks ago , wlicn the case was
finally decided In tola favor by the supreme
court of Nebraska. This decision promises
to end all effcrta to deprive the commission
ot this property and It will remain to con
tribute to tliu comfort or hundi-ids of people
who do not care to take the trip to any ot
the more remote rcsirts. The total expense
of beautifying UiU block of ground has been
$11,500. It has been Improved with neatly
graveled walks , handsome shade trcifl and a
luxurious turf and en warm summer cven-
lugfi It Is Invariably crowded with people , to
whom It affords a welcome relief from the
smoldering atmosphere of tdc surrounding
blocks.
SOME FIGURES ON COST.
Hanscom park , which Las since become the
most popular out-of-doors report In the city ,
Wfls the iflrst cf tdo large parka to be dedi
cated to the public. This tract of fifty-seven
and ono-h-ilt acres was donated to the city
by A. J. Hansoom and Joseph O. McGcath In
1872 , on condition that a certain amount or
money should bo expended In Improvements
during the next elx years , and that the nur-
roundlng streets tdould be Improved and
maintained at the expense or tdo olfy. This
latter provision has since developed Into en
expensive experiment , but the city lias the
park , \\blch It might not have bad If It had
been compelled to acquire the property In
another way.
When the Board of Park Com nl. stoners
came Into existence the only beauty of the
pack consisted In Its fairly diversified
topography and tdo growth ot handsome trees
that still remain Ita chief ornament. The
board expended nearly $50,000 during tbc
first year In toying out drives and walks ,
completing what grading was necessary and
constriiqtlng the two lakes. , In the following
year the erection * of the grecnhoueo was
begun and completed In 1893. It coat
J3.151.88 and since . ; den $4,495.95 has been
spent In , malntencnce. Last year a now
greenhouse for tropical plants and a. cellar
for winter storage were added at a coat of
$688.73. making * total expenditure of
JS.SSG.GG. During the firat two years It pro
duced JC.47S.30 worth ot plants and flowers
dn.d nearly aa much more since. Superin
tendent Adams estimates the value of tde
stock now on hand at $3,692.83 , eo Kae green
house has paid tor Itself at leaat twlco during
five years. The surplus products have been
distributed through the various park * and
thousands 'of ' dollars worth of handsome
planta have been added to the natural
beauties of the city at comparatively no ex
pense.
The pavilion which now stands at the
east sldo ot the park was built In 1 03 to
replace the one destroyed by flro about the
beginning of the year. ) It cost $14,028.77 ,
and the band'stand which was erected two
Tdo following shows the amount that WHO
lUvcr- lE'.m-
IHanslUvcr - ]
[ com. view. Miller. | I
yean before'represents an Investment of
11.672.60' Tho" driveways ? 1n Hunscom park
are composed of a macadam of cinders and
gravel and the walks are built ot cinders
covered with a surface dressing of Hme-
" tone ecreenlngs. The park as It now
tands rppresents a total investment of
$141,010.20 In Improvements.
, EXTENDING THE SYSTEM.
The only other park which existed prior
to 1889 was the original Bemls park , vvhloh
then consisted of six and one-half acres of
the ravine which extended from Thirty-
streets Just'north
fourth to Thirty-seventh
of Cumtng street. As the property then
totood It wasscarcely available for park pur
poses. It was necessary to fill the ravine
at a cost of $10,000 or acquire the lota
which separated it from Cumlag street. The
latter policy waa decided on anJ In 1893 the
city council Increased the park to a little
less than ten acres at' a cost ot $30,000.
Walks and drives were constructed somewhat -
what after the plan followed In Ifotiscom
park and a very pretty lake waa formed
In the center of the ravine. A consider
able amount of trees and Ehrubbery has been
planted , the total cost of Improvement to
date being about $17,000.
The tulk of the park property now owned
by the city wgs acquired In 1S93 when the
proceeds of $403,000 In tonda were appllcJ
to the enlargement of the park system.
The purchase was not accomplished without
a. decided clash ot opinions between the city
council and the park board and some vig
orous criticisms from taxpayers who were
illsatUneil with the manner In which the
money was expended. The result was the
purchase o ! the eighty acres now known
aa Miller park for $76.009 ; Fontenello park
bf 110 acres for $90.000 , an I the enlarge
ment of Elmwood park from fifty-five to 215
acres at a cost of $135,110.10. This left a
balancd of about $70,600 for 'the purchase
of a park In the southeait part of the city
for which the board had been unable to
agree on a location. Some time after the
boird c'ociJil to acquire lllrervlrw addllnn
together with enough territory on the north
to make a park of sixty-seven acres , by
co-dcmnatlon proceedings. This was ac
complished end the appraiser's reports al
lowed the property ownern $69,552. Only
one-third of the account was accepted , the
other prororty owners going Into court to
protest against tbe appraisement. They
were successful In the district court and
then the city carried the case to the supreme
court. While the appeal was pending tin
city compromised with W. E. Clarke , who
represented tha conteatats , for $55,00. ) ,
making the total cost ot the park about
$78,000.
A POPULAR RESORT.
tf the new -p rk , Rlvervlew has since be
come the most popular , largely by reason
of Its comparative accessibility ,
o-.d during the last t o or
three yevw a con ld rable amount lisa
bv n expended in Its Import mt At. TA
tame stops were taken that * iad been taken
In other parks to provide drives and walks
and tha t.atural topography of the ground
was such that more wai accomplished for
the amount expended than In any other
park In the city. This Is the only Improved
park In which the plan's wcro drawn In
Omaha , Superintendent Adams having made
all plans as well ai superintended tha work.
During the present year an additional strip
ot land on the north has bcrn condemned
and appropriated and n very respectable
collection ot animals of specie ] peculiar to
Nebraska ml the Rocky mountains lion
been added to the attractions. A very pretty
lake has been constructed with the assist
ance of an artesian well and with the ex
tension of the street railway system It Is
expected that Rlvervlew will now rival
Hanscom park for public favor. The total
cost of the Improvements up to 1893 has
been less than $30,000.
The only remaining park In which any ex
tensive Improvements have been undertaken
Is Elmwood , where the board has expended
over $45,000 since 1SS9. Th-j original park
was donated by Lyman Richardson , John T.
Belt and others , and came under the control
of Iho board In 1890. In 1691 nearly $20,000
was expended In improvements , the principal
expenditure previous to the enlargement be
ing for roadways and three Iron bridges , the
cost of which aggregated about $25,000. In
1891 two miles of additional roadway were
built , a pewprago xynteni was put in , and
grau nas sown And a large number of addi
tional trees planted. Since then only enough
has been expended to keep the park In con
dition , with the exception ot the boring of an
artesian well In .1890.
AH Miller and Kontenelle parks were pur
chased largely with a view of the anticipated
growth of the city , no extensive Improve
ments have been undertaken. During the
first year the board expended $2,500 in sur
veys of Fontenello park , and In plans for Its
development , and In 1891 nearly 7,000 trees
were planted at a cost of $ S37. Since then
the park has been rented out as a pasture
and It will probably be several years before
the work of- permanent Improvement Is
undertaken.
Some work has been done toward the Im
provement of Miller park , but It has been
largely of a preliminary character. In 1S93
plans were prepared and some grading and
read building accomplished at a cost of
over $7,000. In 1894 the lake , with the
bridge , dam and spillway , were constructed ,
5,000 trees were planted , and the entire sur
face sowed with Crasa seed. Since then no
money has been expended beyond the small
amount necessary to retain what has already
been accomplished.
PLANS OP BOULEVARDS.
The board also has about three acres at
the Intersection of Forty-seventh and Decatur -
catur streets , which Is known as Hlmebaugh
park. Nothing has been expended on It , ex
cept a Tew dollars in surveys , etc. , but when
that section of the city becomes more closely
built up the plot Is capable of development
Into a very pleasant breathing pHce. The
board has also expended about $10,000 In the
partial development of what will eventually
become an extensive system of boulevards.
.Of these the Florence boulevard Is the only
ono that has been brought to perfection and
fcr some time past It has been the favorite
route to the north for wheelmen and vehi
cles. The Southeast boulevard , whlrh leads
from Seventh and Bancroft streets south to
Rlvervlew park , has also been mide a very
pleasant drive , and 'measures are now under
way which contemplate a Central boulevard ,
which will run from Bemls to Hanscom parks
j and thence cast to Rlvervlew. Plans have
also been prepared for boulevards from Miller
to Fontenelle , Fontenelle to Elmwood and
Elmwood to Hanscam , but these form a part
of the work that lies in the future.
In connection with a review of what has
been accomplished by the Bozrd of Park
Commissioners duri > 3 the last nlno years
the personality of Us members becomes of
KHerest. The first beard was composed of
Dr. George L. Miller , president ; George "W.
Llnlnger , vice president ; Augustus Pratt ,
Judge George 'II. Lake and Alfred iMlllanl.
Dr. 'Miller remained president of the board
for five years , and to hla energetic err.rts
and enthusiastic devotlcn to park Interest )
much cf the success of the board was due.
He was succeeded by A. P. Tukey In 1S91.
A me/.ig other well known citizens who have
served as members of the beard arc Thcmas
Kllpatrlck , .M. . H. Redfleld , Charlcj E. Sates.
( E. J. Cornish. John C. Wharton anJ Cap
tain H. 'E. Palmer.
\F1LGURIEI5 FOR CONSIDERATION.
During the period that the board has ex
isted It has received and expended nearly
$350,000 , In addition to the $400,000 In bonds.
The premium received on the bcMds.which
amounted to $26,723 , was covered Into the
maintenance fund. The following table
shows the amounts received from taxation
l > a each year , together with the total amount
expended foH improvements and maintenance :
Levy. Expended.
1889 $53.9 < 5234 $30.41301
1S90 27,00322 1X310 42
1K91 29,437 H7 44,01365
1892 45,7.1 ! 73 3S.564 92
1W3 ai,303 05 9,9i7 53
1S94 37,08723 50.93601
JSM 17.889 M 2 ,109 16
1896 1.1,71524 13.958 OS
1S97 49.C29 67 33,231 11
$314,840 51 $ IH7,55G ! M
expended each year on each of the pa'rks :
I I Jefferson I Capitol IFon-
aood ] Bemls. I Square. | Avc. | tcnelle.
I..VIIOH A O IXIHJSTHY.
A Muskegon , Mich. , house recently
shipped furnJt-ure to the sultan' of Turkey.
Russia has ordered twenty more locomo
tives from Uie Baldwin worki = \ In addition to
other largo orders In other lines latily
placed In thl-1 country.
Land has been jiurchasjdi by Llpparda &
Bunier nndwork will be begun at one ? In
Concord , N. C. , on a n w cotton mill. The
oompuny is capitalized $ .10,000.
*
Atlanta . Oa. , Is noon -to.hive a J400.COO
shoe factory. W. B. McBrlde of Chicago ,
has purchased the site , and iruys an el lit-
ntory factory will aocn be erected which
ivlll employ SCO hands.
Two International unions that have re
cently nfllllatedUith tin ? American .Fidera-
tlon of Labor are 1he Brotherhood of Uook-
blmteni and th& Irtlernnta 'iml ' Hulidlnsr La
borers' Protective , association.
NotwIUiHtanillm ? tliP disturbed condition
In Cuba. United States bicycle manufactur
ers receive orders from that cour.'tiy ' for
wheels , and lota of l > lcyck s nrs shipped to
Hnvann by eivery steamer that sails.
A special conference- the British Iran
'tr.ulo ' meocl.itlon Is to bo held In May fcr
the tniiposo of discussing th tin-p'.a/e In
dustry , and the ccrr-ipjtltlon of the United
States nnd Gennviny in the wire , trade.
Cincinnati jrnnlilne tool .manufacturer * re
port recent orders ctf magnitude from Lr.n-
don and Iftrlln , 'he latter for in outftl of
bicycle irueCilnery , Including hub machines ,
pcrew and pedal machines and. sprocket
minim ? mncMncs.
The Eniteh : mln'-fc hre now bplnsr
ViU-kfd at a depth of ov > r 2,000 feet , the
ooal lylni ? In hcrlzontilivelns from two to
thco f lt thick , where the work must be
don ? at u { empcratura excaudln 10) d-
unrB Fahrenheit.
IClKhty members of the Chicago Builders'
association havc-tlgnwl the demands of the
stilklntr carpenters and the latter cUlm n
complete victory. The builders , however ,
pay tlio-i ? members of the association , who
have joba that must be flnUh d by May 1
havs been permitted to sign , but that Uity
will yet gain the victory ,
Jljssachusetts employs more than 4S3.&Y )
people. In Its manufactories , hut .although
that BtutH 'has one-third of all the cotton
operatives of the whole country , these-
number only 76,0:0 : people , mostly women
ami children , who receive only an average
" fMO a year , while the avernKO pay of the
400 OCX ) otherwise employed exc.oJs J500 n
year.
Tne power of Great Britain In mechanism ,
manufacturing and the mechanic arts , glv-
liiff to her the control of commerce for
nearly a century , has , says Edward Atkln-
Fen , rested mainly upjn tier supremacy In
the production of Iron and steel. It has
no-.v passed to the greater brunch of the
KnglUh-fpenklng j > eople duelling In the
United States.
There Ins been a very marked Interest
shawn of late In Europe In American-made
shoes , aa evinced 'by consular reports and
through the newspapers. The shoo manu
facturers of the United States are taking
special wains to make a magnificent display
In this line at tha 1'aris exposition , varlcui
hau M having sent out circular * .atatlnz
In regard to spac ? , privileges , etc.
BATTLE OF CHICKAHAUCA
BrmnitcecoB ! of One of the Fanr.tn Strag
gles of tha Civil War.
FURIIUS FIGHTING FOR 1WJ DAYS
I'nthrtlo nml llrrnlc liiolilrnl * nnd
TlirltllnK Kst-rlpneen Wltuenneil
by a I'nrtlcliuml , \ MV n Hen
Ideiit ot Oiiinlin ,
The selection of the battlefield of Chlcka-
mauga , now a national ccmetoty and par ? ,
as a concentration camp for United Statca
troops , recalls the story of the tragedy
which hallowed that famous field with the
life blood of thousands. Mr. J. T. Robinson -
son of this city participated In the battln ,
and his reminiscences of the bloody contest
formed the subject ot an Interesting paper
read before the Mo.Vs Clan of Trinity Mith-
odlst Episcopal church recently. Jt Is a
thrilling narrative of personal experiences
and Incidents witnessed , and readj as fol
lows :
There are events which burn themselves
as If with red-hot Iron Into the very warp
and woof of our being , and wo can no more
get away from them than to get away from
ourselves. Such an event Is participation In
a great battle.
James A. Garflcld. chief of ttaff of the
commanding general of the Army of the
Cumberland In the battle of Chlkanaura : ,
and who promulgated all the orders for that
bnttlo except the disastrous one , and who
afterward , as president of the United States ,
was shot down by the assisilu's bullet on
the 2d day ot July , 1881 , lingered for moro
than two and a half months , dying on Its
anniversary.
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams , sign
ers of the Declaration of Independence , af
ter a lapse of fifty years each died on the
4th ot July.
Do you say that there are simply coinci
dences ? Or rather , that these events had
so much to do with the laws governing the
mnd that these were outward manifestations
shown In the physical organism ?
Incidents might bo multiplied , but these
show wo may be partakers l.i events which
become a very part of us , and which are
my excuse for jotting these recollection. } af
ter a period of nearly thirty-five years.
The battle of Chlckamauga was fought
September 19 and 20 , 18C3. While not one of
the decisive , yet It was one of thp hardest
contested battles of the war. The union
army , commanded by Major General Rose-
ctans , had an effective force of C3.00& , anl
lost In the two days' fight 16,170 , as follows :
Killed and wounded , 11,113 ; captured and
missing , 4,757. The confederates , under
General Bragg , with his reinforcements ,
numbered 82,000 , and his cUlrnutcd loss was
25.0CO.
I was a sergeant In company C , First bat
tery , Fifteenth United States Infantry , wiloh
belcnjed to the regular brigade commanded
-Brigadier General John It. King. Wo
were In Balrdta ijlvlslon of Thomas' corps ,
nnd were the left tvlng ot the army. Our
losi was the hrjvleat per cent of any brigade
In the army. Wo woat Into the battle with
an effective fotcrt , of 1,513 , and came out
with COD. a IwV'Zf 60 per cent. Wo lost
319 prlscncraidlOlOof these , comprising all
but G7 ot the First batten < . Sixteenth United
Slates Infantry , \fere raptured In a body on
the 19th ; thcynthtr 114 were captured on
the evening of'lhft'sOth ' when the army was
ordered to fall-back ,
PJtBPAIl TTJHY OlOVRM'SSTS. '
Without golufl lnto , detail aa to the move
ments of the prior previous to the battle ,
allow mo to staler \yhlle General Crltten-
dtii , a corps "colr/mandcr / , had his troops
In part among the mountains on the cppcnltu
side of the Ten-Je'sscc river , and xvas making
a demonstrationagainst Chattanooga , Gen
eral Thomas' cqrrvi crossed the river thirty
tnllca below , and" General McCook's cor | < a
still thlrty-flvdf miles below Thomas , each
crossing at the 'nearest 'place where there
wca a gap In the mountain * that would
enable them to reach the rear of the ceo-
federates. "When the mountains were
! i crossed , Chattanocga evacuated and en-
! tcred by troops from Crlttendcn's corps. It
v&i supposed the enemy was retreating to
I Dalton , but this Idea was dissipated on the
'
morning of the 13th of September , whe-a
they were found rcaJy for battle opposite
General Thomas. When this WJB discovered ,
Instead of his crossing the Chickamauga , as
they desired , ho fell back to thegap , a position
which he could easily defend. Foiled In
their desire of a battle with Thomas , In
[ which , If successful , they coulJ attack Crlt-
'
tenden and LMcCock In detail , they started
I to attack CrltU-jden , who had by that tlnio
moved out twenty miles from Chattanooga.
The situation was then so alarming that
I It was almost a matter of life and death
to unite the corps of the union army before
1 a battle , Mt'Cock ' being sixty-five miles away.
For some Inexplicable reason probabl/ , be
cause reinforcements were arriving General
'Brass postpone ! the attack from ( lay to day ,
until the monMng of the 19th. General Mc-
Cook arrived the day before. General Crlt-
tenden was now the left of our army and
Thcmas the center. The night of the 18th ,
I will say we , meaning Thomas' corps ,
marched all night ( ten miles. ' ) , becoming
the left flank of the army Instead of Crlt-
tmJon. This prolongation to the left was
on the supposition that the confederates
would try to Kiterpose themselves between
the union army and Ilossvllle , which was
the mountain pass back to Chattanooga. This
I supposition proved correct , for when the
I fight commenced on thoM9th It was < t > our
, extreme left flank. The Intense anxiety of
the general commanding may bo Imagined ,
when for the past four days he would al
most expect the annihilation of the untcn
army If a battle were commenced by the
confederates. This could no longer bo de
layed , or the reunited union forces would
be In the pass at Rossvllle , where an attack
would bo hopeless of success.
The Chlckamsiuga country was broken and
wooded and filled with undergrowth , so jou
could hardly see fifty paces In front , ex
cept where there had been clearings , which
was In patches. This description applies to
the entire baltlofield.
Thuo the two armies He stretched In line
of tattle parallel with the RctuvIXe road
on the morning of the 19th. General Rcse-
crariV headquarters were at the Widow
Glenn's house In the rear of the left of Grit-
BY ELEANOR
I' i.
Copyright , 1898 , by Eleanor Cobb1 ! ' \ \
the road to sleepy town ,
OVER
All in the summer weather ,
Every day at the noontide high ,
Go brother and I together.
Past where the glowing swallows sweep , .
Past where the sunbeams gently creep ,
'Neath clouds that float in the azure sky ,
All the way to sleepy town.
So "
hush-a-bye
My baby fair ,
Just close your eyes ,
And we'll soon be there.
Hush-a-bye-a-bye.
Over the road to sleepy town ,
We are soothed by melody fair.
A wee little song conies trooping along
Or gently floats in the air. -
There's "Tommy Tucker" and "Girls in Blue , "
Or sometimes "Douglass , Tender and True , "
All the way to sleepy town.
Chorus.
Over the road to sleepy town , "
In the land of slumberville , * ' . '
Through the mystical valley green-J ;
Over the wonderful hill , - /
Post the magical palace of dreams ,
Into the realm of sleep serene , . . '
Wo softly , gently , drowsily glide , : ,
'Till wo get down to sleepy town.
V 1
tenden'n corra. About 9 o'clock a. m. a
oannou ehot was heard away to the left ,
Gtdcral GarHcld , chief ot staff , went to the
door ; then there waa another atvj another
shot , until fifty cannon tliroiMcro belchIng -
Ing In the frny. Turning to ( Rncral Rae-
crars he remarked : "The battle has be
gun. " Hoaecrtfia replied"Then God
help ui. "
I.V THE THICK OP Till" FIGHT.
About the time the flF.dt commenced Gen
eral Brannan with hl division moved to
our left. We soon becitmo engaged with the
enemy and drove them , with he-avy to&s on
both sides , for probably two mllro. During
this time 1 wes In my place as a sergeant
cad iilx or eight feet to my right WAR Ser-
gsrnt John Kumler , who wa my bunk-
matt * . He was a very estimable jrouiit ? man ,
probably five years my senior , and we were
what would now be called "chums. " A
couple of month ! before enlisting ho grad
uated Jt ttic United Brethren university at
\ViotervIlle , O. He w s not only a good
soldier , hut a true Chrlstltci. About 10
o'clock a , m. , as wo were advancing ao1
heavily engaged , he waa shot. Tne bullet
passed through his body and through his
canteen. When he fell I stepped over to
him ; ho was unable to rpcal ; and I could
see ho was mortally wounded. To
me , alnicst as a brother , how
I would llko to have rcmalnci
with him in those last momenta , but my
duty aa a soldier was In my place In the
company In the fight , leaving him for the
ministration of those whoso duty Itos to
follow after and care for the wounded.
. half hour later a captain , who 'had ' been
drinking something stronger than water , was
walking back and forth with a tin plato In
hid hand , trying to Und a man who thought
ho needed It. Some time previously , being
short of rations , foraging trains would bring
In corn In the car , which was Irsued to the
men. Some wovld parch It ; others would
take their tin plates and nails , then with
weights would drive the bottoms full ot holes ,
Invert them , and use them as graterp to convert -
vort their corn Into meal , Consequently , tin
plates had beconm an object ot Intereat , The
captain's natural desire to luuke the most
of anything now manifested Itself , and
despite the occasion , having found the plato ,
was now trying to find the man. A bullef
hit -him and ho was carried from the field.
If the appetite for strong drink had only
oozed out as the blood did from the wound , so
when the wound healed the appetite would
hive been a thing of the past , It might have
proved a blessing In disguise , but tbit It
didn't I will show you It you will permit a
alight digression ; six months afterward , the
captain , having returned to the command , it
was called out on picket duty ; his condition
just then being mich as disqualified htm for
the front , he was left In charge of the
oimp , consisting of the tents , the company
cooka and the camp guards. Company cook :
who wcro eo Inclined sometimes then
took advantage of the occasion , and
Indulged their appetites. The cook of
company E , having got BD full that common
whisky wuan't good enough , went to the
antler and purchased a bottle of cherry
brandy full of cUerrlea. About the time he
got back to his .tent the captain was around
on a tour of Inspection. The brain ot cacti
wan In alxnit the same befuddled condition.
The cook asked the captain to take a drink
with Ulm. exhibiting at the same time the
brandy 'cud cherrlea. Inside the tent they
wont and drank the brandy arid ate the cher
ries , having a general good time , when Uie
captain , suddenly remembering hla dignity ,
stepped , outside , called the iicrAcant of the
guard , and sent the cook 'to ' the guardhoiwp
for "disrespect to an officer. "
UETUEAT AND CHARGE.
Coming back to the battlefield. I men-
tlccied "wo had driven the enemy probably
two rnllcs. " It waa njw 12 o'clock ; we were
halted , and Ifie enemy being reported In
great force en our right , wo were changing
direction of our front In the woods when
the enemy suddenly charged our line as If
rising up out of the ground , so dense was
ttic forest. They captured here , as before
mentioned , 205 officers and men of the First
battery Sixteenth Infantry. They also cap
tured our battery , the Fifth United States
artillery , and drove us back In confusion for
300 or 400 yards. There we reformed In rear
oj another line , which , charging the enemy ,
recaptured our battery. When the charge
was made by the enemy our battalion , which
was In the rear line , had been marching In
column , and on account of the change of
fixot woe , almost outside of any protection.
To attempt to- form a line ot battle would
have meant the capture of the entlro brigade.
To show the discipline wo were then
under. I don't think the brigade lost a man
In this confusion by skulking or trying to
escape' to tbe rear , but when tbe line was
re-formed every man was In hb place. We
had becti In the service two years ; bad bean
In the battles of Shlloh and Stone River ,
beside skirmishes and sudden surprises ; but
this was the neareot a break or stampede I
ever knew the battalion to make.
The remainder of Ifie afternoon the fight
ing in our front consisted only of sk'lrmlsh-
Icig. the battle In Its force rolling to our
right. It was not entirely confined to
Thomas' corps , yet the brunt of It was upon
hla troops , -with the divisions and brigades
of the other corps , which were detached and
eent to him for re-enforcements. Before the
battle commenced the commanding general
and chief of staff prophesied tbe attack
would bo made on Thomas and decided hla
position was vital and mutt be held If he
required for re-enforcements the other two
corpo. General Brannan , with his division ,
was detached from our left and sent to the
right of General Thomas' troops. About G
p , ai. tbe tide of battle rolled again to the
left and' we wore hotly engaged for about
an hour , when the enemy , having been re-
pu'sed , darkness brought to an end the
fighting fcr the day. Pickets were then
stationed along the front.
Never did troops need reat more. We had
marched aM night tbe night before and had
had nothing to cat eiace 5 o'clock In the
morning. Boon small tires were started and
water was boiling In our cups for coffee.
These cups -constated of tin fruit cans with
Improvised wire balls , eo wo could bold them
on sticks over the flre to boll tbe water.
! u the other hand was another stick , the
end of which ran through a piece ot fat
bacon held over the flre , being fried. Tbe
art of cooking was displayed if you could so
hold the sticks as to boll the water nnd fry
tiio baccn without burning them off and
losing your meal. Only 'a part ot each com
pany waa .allowed to leave the ranka at a
time , going five or six paces to tbe rear , to
prepare their supper.
A RESTLESS NIGHT.
Never did au-pper at Delmonlco'o taste
better than tills cup of strong black coffee
and the fried bacon and hardtack. Then the
men lying down In the line of battle , wrapped
in their blankets , with haversacks and can-
* ccns for pillows , wore soon font asleep , for
getting for awhllo oven their comrades who
were lying so Illicit over the battlefield even
stiller than Uiey "In the sleep that knows
vo waking. "
Tls repaso would have been eweet In
deed had It not been that In a short time
wooro arouned to change pcoltlcn. Lines
had to bo shortened , and now positions
ihosen , and most of the remainder ot tha'
night was spent 1n marching and counter
marching , starting and halting ; moving
' maybe only 100 yards to the right or left , or
I fifty feet to the front or rear. You can imag
ine what It would be , when the entire army ,
live or six in I lea 1n length , was changing
poisltlcn in the night and in the woods an.l
over unknown ground , A change In any part
wan llko throwing a pebble In.the stream ;
wheif the effect reaches you you are moved
with 'It ' , llko the water , to another place. So
tbe night was ono of restlces rest.
Well did tbc commanding general know the
'coining of day would renew the conflict , nut
now all nreparitlcna had been completed.
The lines had been shortened ; the men had
built all the breastworks possible by gather-
In ; together logs and stones , and there was
nothing left now but to tccure n'.l the rrct
and sleep wo could and await the morning
light.
The morning was foggy and the min diono
through the fog and the smoke ot tbe day
before "llko a red dlac of blood" an omen
of what the day would dUcloso. Wo were
still the left flank of Thomas' line. lie had
erikeJ for and- been promised another divi
sion of troops to extend his left ( Genera !
Negley's ) , one brigade of which came Gen
eral Ueatty's and waa placed In position
just bJforo 8 a. m.
The fighting commenced at 8 o'clock In
our front , as It did the day before , with this
difference ; we remained behld the tempo
rary breastworks we hid thrown 'up await
ing the assault ot the enemy. They charged
pur Hno again and again , but were alwaya
repulsoJ. Ueatty'a brigade on our left was
compelled tf > fall back , exposing our rear ; we
fought the enemy In both directions until
reinforcement * from Palmer's division drove
them from behind us. Fighting waa kept
j
A \
Poor Way
to Treat
Eczema
la to rely upon local applications , suoh as soups , lotions , salvos ,
etc. , which can not possibly go below the surface. This treat
ment is very much like attempting to boil water by applying
the heat to the top of the vessel containing it. Everybody knows
what a crutlo and unsatisfactory process it would bo , and no
ono would think of employing such a method. Yet it is a very
common thing for those afllicted with Eczema to expect to be
cured by treatment which does not touch the disease. Eczema
is not a skin disease , as so many people think , although it pro
duces fiery and burning itching that becomes almost unbearable.
Zinc ointments , and other applications containing minerals ,
should bo avoided , as they are very injurious to the skin.
The disease itself , the real cause of the trouble , is in the blood ,
and only a real blood remedy , like Swift's Specific , which gooi
down to the very foundation and forces out all impurity , cam
over have any permanent oiYocfc upon it ,
I hiui Eczema on my foot for twenty
yenrs , nnd notwithstanding constant treat
ment it continued to sproiui nnd grow worse.
I used snlvos nnd lotions innumerable ,
nnd also used several blood remedies , but
none had nny effect. The disenso finally ex
tended from my toes to my knee , and the
pain and itching were almost unbearable. On
account of my ago ( which is 70) ) the physicians
snid n euro * was.impossible. . Ono dozen bottles
tles of S. 8. S. cured me completely , nnd now
only the scars remain to show the awful struggle I have endured.
MIIH. SAHAII PIKK ,
477 Broadway , South Boston , Mass.
I Imvo been a sufferer for eight yenrs with
that horrible disease , Eczema , nnd no per
son can describe the burning and itching I
hud to endure. I was treated by the best
of physicians with no success , and tried all
the patent medicines recommended for Ec
zema without any good results. 1 wont to
several celebrated medical resorts , but the
disenso soon returned. I then tried S. S. S.
and afternshnrt while the burning nnd itch
ing subsided nnd I continued to improve
steadily until I was well entirely cured. WM. AnMSTito.vo ,
De Pere , Wis.
Those who are content with only temporary relief from Ecze
ma can continue the use of local applications , but all who
would have every trace of the irritating , burning disease thor
oughly eliminated and the system rid of it forever , will find
the only euro in Swift's Specific ( S. S. S. ) . Being a real blood
remedy , it never fails to cure the most obstinate , deep-seated
cases , which are beyond the reach of other remedies. S. S. S.
is thp best blood remedy , because it is PURELY VEGETABLE
and is the only ono guaranteed to contain uo mercury , potash
or any other mineral.
Books on blood and skin diseases will bo mailed free to any
address by Swift Specific Company , Atlanta , Georgia.
up In our -front for about threehoura , but
In the meantime the battle kept rolling to
the right.
A FATAL BHROO.
In the first day's flghttdener l Reynold's
dlviBlrm WES the right of Thomas' corps and
Hrannan the left ; In the changefor the uec-
end day'a fight Branicn was the right of
Thomas' corp , ha ! left joining Reynolds and
his right joining General Woode of Crlttca-
den's corps. When Brannan took hM
poaltlca between Reynolds and Woods
he formed li'a ' line In tha rear
of what was a direct continuation to the
right ot Reynold's line , taking advantage
of conformation of the ground. About this
time , 11 a. m. , an aide rlJlng In front ot
Reynolds' line and on to the right , struck
General Woods' left , falling to see the divi
sion of Brannan that was in line just back
of the crc.it. There was hard fighting on
Thomas' left , and an aide from Thames was
at headquarters asking for re-enforcements ;
General Garfield , chief of staff , was busy
with him. Just then the aide who had been
at the front galloped up from Woods' divi
sion and reported to Rosecrans a gap in the
line from Woods' left to Reynolds' right.
Without waiting to consult Garfield , Hoso-
crana wrote out this , order :
"Brigadier General Woods : The general
commanding directs that you close up on
Reynolds as fait as > possible and support
him. "
General Woods withdrew his division from
line of battle , marching In rear of Bran-
nan. to support Reynolds. The tide of bat
*
tlo. which was rolling to the right , then
truck Reynolds and Brannan , and before
other troops could fill the gap made by
Woods' withdrawal , General Longstreet.
who was just then advancing with 17,009
fresh confederate troops , was Inside tbe
union lines , brushing away what little re
sistance be met with , and almost capturing
Rosecrans with his chief of start at their
headquarters.
The corps of McCooklind Crlttenden had
been much weakened to strengthen
Thomas , and soon our right flank was an
utter rout. General Rosecrans , after vainly
striving to reform the troops , started for
Chattanooga , fourteen miles away , to
make preparations to receive them
when they fell back , whllo Garfleld starto-l
for Thomiai to notify him of the disaster to
the center and right and to turn over to him
the command ot the army in the field.
GARPIBLD'S FAMOUS RIDE.
During this time the enemy had advanced
insldo the- union lines so far that the rHo of
Garfield to Thomas was almost as for as of
Rosecrans to Chatanooga. Ho started with
the aid from General Thomas and two
orderlies. Both orderllca were killed ,
the aid wounded , and when Qar-
fleld peached Thomas his noble steed ,
having been shot twice , dropped dead. The
Information brought by Garfleld saved the
union army , and Thomas descends into his
tory as "The Rock of Chickamauga. " Ills
lines wore driven back and drawn In until
they were nearly In a horrcshoo shape ,
across the road leading to Roasvllle. Hli
luCt was the pivot on which his lines were
swinging round ; that position having to be
maintained viaau't. changed during the after
noon.
Commencing about 1 o'clock , there wcro
repeated charges of the enemy for moro than
an hour before they sullenly withdrew to
take breath , whliti an army dors as well aa
an individual. During thin lull of a half-
hour'e duration , our battalion was with
drawn from the line ot battle and advanced
to take position behind about the name kind
of a line of breastworks , cf about a foot
in height * that wo had in our main line , and
running nearly at right angles with It ,
starting nearly fifty feet In front , and ex
tending out from fifty to seventy-five yards
on a crrat of ground ttat It was a quntlon
whether it visa beat to try to hold or not.
Thla pciiltlon gave ua the first fire on the
advancing enemy , yet It didn't prevent the
mnln line from firing CH noon aa they
came ncareY ; but it did place us In a direst
crofa-flre from the enemy , making no dif
ference which was our front. Men would flro
In one direction and the bullets would como
63 thick from tbe other that , expecting In
stant death , tber would leap over tbe breast
works and fire the other way until there
were nearly aa many men oa one side of the
breastworks as the other. Tbe firing woa BO
rapid that our guns became eo hot we
couldn't load them ; but tills was no particu
lar disadvantage , for there were so many
dead and wounded that wo could secure an
other gun within reach until our own could
cool off ,
Thla charge of the enemy with reinforced
lines of battle touted for an hour or more
before they foil back. Then we were with
drawn'and given our original position .In the
main lino. Expecting another charge soon a
certain number of men frcm each company
wcro allowed to leave the line during the
lull and run out to the breastworks wo liiil
occupied and carry In logs therefrom und
throw on our own to strengthen tlium , I
among Ide other * . . I had just brought ini
'
quite a log and thrown It down on our works'
In front of a mati by the name of King. Ha
wad the best looking man and the flnejt
penman In the company. Before enlisting ho
was a boikkeopcr In Plttobufg , Pa. , now ho
made out the company muster rolls ou
which I sometimes assisted him. Stray bul
lets , rather ad\anced couriers , from tlio
advancing enemy were now beginning to
whistle around , and as I throw down the
log King rose to hta knees and with a pleas
ant emllo looking up to mo said : "Sergeant.
the enemy are coming ; you had
better not go out again. " Ttio
words were ecarccly out ot hla
mouth before there was a thud and King waa
I dead , 'Without even falling over. A 'bullet
I had passed mo and struck him square In
I the forehead , and In death hi * rmlle ro-
I malned as If alive. 1 don't think he bad
' moro then. If evco , a Hensatlon of pain. It
Is written , "Then shall two be In the Held ;
the ono shall be taken and the other left. "
So It was here , but "In the field" ot battle.
But the Injunction Is none the lew pertinent ,
"Therefore bo ye also ready , for hi such
an hour as ye think not , the Son of Mai
coraeth. "
WIDHilN THE REBEL ONES.
This attack lasted about an hour befort
the enemy 'b Pea me exhausted and retired ,
After about the lapse of time which It took
them to reform their lines and bring up
fresh troops , the * attack was renewed. This
lasted until darkness began to gather , wlira
wo received orders to fall back , as the
army was retreating to Rossvllle. We could
hare held our line , but other troops being
withdrawn would have left our brigade lla-
blo to capture. Aa It was. about 120 on
the right of the brigade , and the last to leava
the works , were captured , I among the rest.
I was captured because I was struck on my
blanket and -poncho , that was thrown over
my shoulder , by what I euppaso was a piece
of shell , aod stunned. I was not other
wise hurt , but , supposed by the enemy to
bo cither dead or wounded , was left en the
field. After regaining consciousness , as It
was now dark , I strolled along in tbe rear
of the rebel lines , until , finding an opening ,
I made run way through , and found what
was left ft the battalion , about midnight ,
near Rossvllle.
Pacing Chattanooga we were marched up
co top of the mountain to our right , near
the entrance of the pass. Three or four
pieces of artillery were hauled up by band
and wo were to support them , & < wll as to
defend that part of the line from tbe enemy
it they advanced. We placed our pickets
end remained there during the next day
and the next night. Toward morning Ida
cannon wheels wcro muffled and they were
drawn down the mountain by men detailed
for that purpose. We followed soon after
ward as noiselessly aa possible.
We had lost flvo wounded en the sklrmH )
line the previous day , which comprised
nearly the entire Ic s of. the army. This
showed the enemy wcro about as badly
used up as wo were , aa they couldn't prcus
our retreating llno.7 with any vigor. "TIs
true the pafa gave us a splendid chinco to
retreat without free. By 9 o'clock a. m. wo
were In Chattanooga aivl working away llko
beavers on Intrcncliments. We wcro soon
surrounded by confederatea , their left on
Lookout mountain , with Its precipitous rocky
sldco reaching down to the river and their
line etxendlng along Millenary Ridge , a
natural fortification of great strength , until
their right reached the river above Chatta-
Officers high In authority aitd we were
not whipped ; that Chattanooga waa the ob
jective point of the campaign , and we gained
It. Maybe wo were not. At least I know
that If escape noa cut off , and I had to bo
penned up , I would fiooner It would be , cu
It was. In ChattanooKa than Anderconvllle.
Ariilcn Snivr.
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Bruises , Sorra , Ulcers , Salt Rheum , Fevar
Sores , Tetter. Chapped Hinds , Chilblains ,
Corns and all Skin Eruptions , and positively
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anteed to slvc perfect satisfaction or money
refunded. Price 25 cents per box. For salt
by Kuhn ft Co.
Rev. Samuel J. May , the venernbln Uni
tarian minister of Leicester Hill , Mass. ,
celebrated his BSth birthday Ja t Sunday.
Denplto the wolKYit of yenrs , ho hai full
poH e8 lon of nil Ills facultlrx. The weekly
rellKlou * meeting of tha Unitarian younff
people Is livid ut his home every Sunday
afternoon , and he takes an active Interest
In t'no ytMiiiK people , and often conducts
the service * .
