20 THE OMAHA DAILY 1UOE : St'HDAV , JAtfPAUY 10 , 1898 ,
POLITENESS OF THE TURKS
Natives of the Orient More Courteous Than
the French.
TURKISH GREETINGS FULL OF BEAU1Y
JIlKli 'finil Low niiiiiilty Zcnloim li
OITrrliiir Hnf.illMllt > - the
SlriniUiT TinSin'lnl IMmHlon
'atVI CM niul DmiKhtcm.
In the matter ot politeness , that Is , In at
tcntlon to tlio forrra of greeting , welcome
etc It would secern that the French , some
limes regarded as the most polite people
left far behind by the
In the world , are
people-'of Turkey , It never happened to
me. for Instance. In Paris to have a well
lo-.lo . merchant , whoso finest 1 vas , brush
with his handkerchief when
oft my bola
entered hi. homo , and then before the
meal , pour water over my hands , mtlo
1y little as Turkish custom , requires , holdIng
while 1 made
meantime
Ing the water jug
when the tin e
finally
my ablution * , and ,
came , spread my .bed on the floor of hi.
sheets and nuUng
smoothing the
brat room ,
everything ready with hU own hantei as
It ho were , my servant. Such attentions as
hospitality in
marka of
the. are common
In the house talc
Turkey..the chief person
ing apparent pleasure In offering such cvl
< lenco of hlD devotion. And In Armenian
houBchold'B It would be one of the women
who would
du.ghteHn-law
.
the mother or
or spread the oca.
water
the
pour
than Turkey
J\nd other country
\ I know of no
key where the calmakan. or governor of a
himKclf to return a
city wo < Id disturb
etranccr's visit within half an hour , ye
at Klr-Shelr and
that happened to me
Urgub ami Ilajl ncck.iB.sh . and Is only an
ordinarr And throughout the In
" " clvllitrAnd
lit"or"of Turkey the traveler who find , no
inn tS hta liking may ask with all wnOdenco
for the oda or guoU chamber , ami ho wll
4io shown at once mere than one of these
where ho may 15283 the night and take re
freshmcnt. Uaigc srowlng out of natlona
polltcncis gives him thU privilege us a
right , and often ho would cause deep offense
If he tried to make payment for what he
had received. In other qn'cs the people are
ciuito willing to take something In exchange
but the spirit of genuine hospitality U
there nevertheless.
I find the ordinary Turkish greetings ful
of ibeauty. To one who Is working at any
thing , digging or cutting wood , they aaj
" .May your work come easy. " And to one
who takes a bath. "May It too to your
health , " and to ono who puts on a now
garment , "Laughing , laughing , may you
wtar It out. " And ro on In 100 cases.
AH for thu curt nods of the head will
which men of the west greet one anothe
when passing In the street , these seen
cliff and ungracious compared with the
courtly , salutations passed here. From the
heart to the lips , from the lips ito the
eyes , the right hand of each man journeys
and then goi's downward In n long sweep
while heml and body move In pleasant ac
companlment.
"Light to jour eyes , " sajr ? cnc.
"Long life to you" says the other , and so
they go their way.
And In Armenian and Greek villages
etiquette requires all women to rise fron
the doorsteps wliere they are usually sitting
whenever a man passes , even a stranger
This Is "out of respect for his masculinity,1
ns they express it.
SHAKING HANDS NOT COMMON.
Shaking hands is not common In Turkls !
ARMENIAN WOMAN SEHVING SWEETS
TO CHANCU CALLERS.
ralutatlon , ncr Is the uncovering of the
head , this last natiually enough , since mos
Turk * have the top of the head shaven nm
keep the la on constantly , both Indoors am
out. It would be regarded as n breach o
otliiuettu for a Turk to remove the foj ! when
iiinl.lng n call , and even when praying In the
OJWQUCS they keep their heads covered.
I ha\o been Impressed by the great respect
fbovui to old ago In this country. A young
anan will often take an old man's hand In his
two. and. bending forward , kiss his cheeks
nnd a traveler on the road rarely falls to
greet some venerable wayfarer : "Peace be
with you , pilgrim father. " As for .the
patents they are supicmo In every house
hold , no matter how great their age , am
the eldest son becomes a bcrvant the moment
lilx father enters the room. An America !
missionary gave me a charming Instance ci
this filial do\otlon.
On ono occasion he was u guest at dinner
in the house of a prosperous and unusually
Intelligent Turk , a man over CO , and the
fiUlier of a large family. In the midst of
the meal , while the host was doing the
licnoru with all grace and talking \\lth
{ tartlcular charm. Ills own father , a stately
white-haired old man , appeared at the tlires-
lioll Immediately , without any embarrass
ment. Mil doing the thing as a. matter ol
course , the t > on left his place and his fooil
unfinished , and stationed himself outside the
door , llko a servant , 'while ' the patriarch re
placed him at the head of thu board. Nor
dlil thu son enter thu room again nor join
In the conversation until bidden to do so by
Ills father.
I remember passing through the bazar In
Cacsarea ono day , when a 'tumult drew mete
to a crowd blocking one of the passagu ways.
A Tutk v > as beating an Armenian In a
Annual Saloa ovorOOOOOOO Doxoo
TOR BILIOUS AND NEEVOUS DISORDERS
finch ns Wind ami Pain In the Stomach ,
Cllildliii'ss , Fulness lifter rncuUi , Hcnil-
nche. Dlzzlnubs , Dtxnvbliieaa. riutdilnga
of Houtt Loss of AppetiteGosthoncss ,
lllotohew on the Bkln. Cold Chills , DIs-
furbod Sloop , Frightful Dreams and nil
Nervous and Trembling Bcnsatloriu.
TUB FIRST DOSE WILL GIVE RELIEF
IN TWENTY MINUTES. Every sufferer
Wilt noknouludgu them to bo
A WONDERFUL MEDICINE.
llii'.CIIAM : 1MM.8 , taken ns ill root
ed , will aiiloklyri-sloro Females to com-
jiloto lienllh. They promptly remove
obstructions or Irregularities of thu sys
tem niul euro Mrlc lleiulnclic. Fora
Weak Stomach
Impaired Digestion
Disordered Liver
IN MEN , WOMEN OR CHILDREN
Beooham's Pills are
Without a Rival
And lute tb
LARGEST SALE
0f any Patent Medicine In Hie IVorld ,
. 3o , at all JDrujf Btorc ,
manner that seemed outrageous until I
learned the cause.
"What hso tb ( , Armpnlrn ! done ? " I asked.
"Ho struck Jila mofhcr. " answered the
Interpreter , and pointed to a poor , old woman
who wan huddled. In a corner , weeping.
A Turk considers It his privilege to brit
fc' wlfe'or Ms daughter whenever he frfla
llko It , lull to lift hand against his mother
puts hi.11 beyond the pale. At least It dors
If he Ill-treat * her when he Is A grown man
nt-d she U old. Hut for A boy to strike his
mother 0,1 slap hcrja the- face Is looked on
ns n thing of no consequence.
"Whatwould V6u haxe' " the mother will
say. "I nm , only a noman. "
And this brings me to n feature of Turk-
Is" ! rolltrne H that Is far from admirable
Men hero rank thqir wives and daughters RO
far below themselves that they arc actually
ashamed to jpcik of them and never do so If
t'ev ! can ft'vold It. A Turkish sonant , for
Instance , in the employ of n missionary and
ho was talhor an enlightened Turk on his
way homo fr&ma , long Journey was met by
I'la ircstcr some distance out of the city ,
'ifce sp'vnn ) knew that hh wife had bne > i
pcrlously 111 and was anxious to learn about
her present condition. Dut , instead of ask-
Ins how Fatlmaas , he said : "Can you
glvo mo news of All's sister ? " All \vna his
brother-in-law nnd In ( his round-about way
he wnR nblp to nvolit any direct mcntlom of
his wife. Needless to say that to nsk a Turk
aLeut his wife would bo a gross breach of
etiquette nnd should you Inquire the number
of lila chlldrcci , he would reply without
counting his daughters. In his mind they do
iv.t count.If you really wished to know
the entire number of children In his family
you would get It by asking him : "How many
econns < lo you swing ? " And then ho would
'ell ' jou the. number.
THE UNIVERSAL- USE OP COFFEE.
Wherever you go coffee la the Inevitable
accompaniment of Turkish politeness , and
the traveler can get his nerves wrought up
to a bad sMtejji lrrltablllty If he accepts all
ARMENIAN WOMAN POURING WATER
OVER HANDS OK GUEST.
that Is offered him. Though the cups art
small , the aneetish , muddy beverage" has Its
potency. Whenever you make a call , coffee
Is offered to you , anJ you frequently get I
In shops while looking at things. Fanc >
IT America the he-id of a business housa flap'
ping ha ! work , to-drink a cup of coffee with
a prospective customer , yet It is an ercrydaj
occurrence In Turkey , and If the customer
buys nothing , why. never mind. Still , I
must be admitted that the coffee ! s usuallj
an Inducement to purchase. A point to b'
remembered here Is this , that politeness calk
upon the ono receiving coffee to suck It with a
noise ; should he drink It quietly , the ono offer
Ing It would think that ho did not llko It. Per
hapo the elaborate minutiae ot Turkish polite
ness may be-.best , olscrvcd In the complicated
ceremonial of a lady's call upon another lady
Let them be Greeks , Turks or Armenians
what happens Is about the same. If the cal
be at n house of quality , the lady's oute
garments will be taken , by a servant In the
vestibule. A Turkish ladv will leave there
the charcharT , or flowing silken garment tha
covers her whole body , and the yasmak , o
\ell. trat covers her face. Also the boots o
ed or yellow leather with potated , turned-uj
toes , that she wears over her soft sllppeis. Afc
"he enters the reception room all the womei
present rse ! from tlia'dlvan ' , and ono after an
other bid her welcome. And to e > ich one i/hc
replica "I find you well. " Then the \\oicai
of the house escorts her to the place on the
divan befitting her social rank , and all tin
ulbero look on It ! silence. If the caller sees
i fhlld about she does not fall to expics
her belief that he will be a line boy'where
upon the mother replies , "May jour chlldre
-e a blessing to jou. " If the oilier sees
solus one In the room whom ehe hiows to
have * rccer.tly returned from a Journey , she
nii'dt ' make some graceful allusion to the
event , at which the other will reply : "May
y-.ur ' friends return In like safety. " All the = c
ire'well-established phrases which may no
be derarted from.
Inii Very-formal call the woman will make
three movements to leave before she reallj
Joes leave. The first comes about half ai
hour after her arrival and this Is simply d
signal for the sweets to come In. These' ' > : rL
presented' In formidable orray 03 a tra >
borre by tame woman of the family. On the
tray will bo three kinds of preserves In glass
dishes , a spoan holder filled with spocns , a
number of large glasses filled with water
and a number of caiall glasses IIlied wltli
liquids of various colors , red. amber , pink or
icllow. At the first experience It is difficult
to know what to do with all this , but the
natives go through It quickly enough. Each
woman takca three spoonfuls of preserves
fiom the three dishes , then puts her three
spoons In an empty glass , then drlnka from
AHMnNIAN WOMAN ARISING FHOM TUB
DOOHSTEP AS MEN PASS "OUT OK
RESPECT TO THEIH MASCULINITY. "
one of the little glaraes which contain brand )
or whisky , colored with gome sirup and
finally drinks water from ono ot the largo
Klausea. Does any one fall to do all tlilJ , tin
hoatrcfi corner In person cad Insists upon
her eating and drinking , and with a circle
of women to hp supplied , tola operation' takes
about ten minutes.
Perhaps a quarter of an hour later , the
caller starts again to withdraw , but the lio.i-
tosa protests vehemently and wiillo they are
pleasantly arguing the point , urvjther tray
la brought In with large gKissca of sherbet
which are passed round as before. It Li the
proper thing to drink only half the contents
of a glas * aud then set 'It down , wiien the
hostcsa In sure to Insist tl'at It bo finished.
As each lady drinks she sayu "Peace to the
household , " and the other replies , "May It
bo to your health.1
After tlio glasses have thus made the com
plete circle , thp genorul conversation begins
again , and whenever there In a pause ( as
often huppura ) Dome ono ia sure to fay for
the tenth time , "Naael sinners , " which
moans. "How are you ? " And the person In
variably replies , "I am feeling better since I
h.-vo aecii you. " Finally , at the third at
tempt to go away , the coffee appear * , and
after tills tbo caller may really go with
> ro | > rety ! , if elio BO desires. Dut she never
; ocs without saying , "With your permission , "
PHAVI3I13 DURING AI FORMAL. OAL , ! , .
Occasionally It will happen that a Turkish
ady wll | fee ) called upon to say her prayer
n the rnldst of a call , and the method of do
ing till * U 0,14)19 ) remarkable , Afl ,
' '
Kidy describes to me what happened In cno
I kirch Instance , when rthn prrxon * .
"What tlmo Is 11 ? " mkca the Turkish
' lady , who wan the wife ot a rich man , am
j had the ro.it of honor In tbe divans.
"It Is 12 o'clock , " onswpreJ the other 1-xly
"Dear tfio , I did not think It was as late ,
must B y my prnycrs. "
Then , with much dcllbe.t.itlcn nnd Mtu the
assistance * of the other Turkish Indies who
were present , she b g-in hur preparations
Flrat he unbound the coverings of her head
which wro about a dozen yasmaks. 0
colored handkerchief.1 ! , wound otcr her little
fez. Last of all she took the little fez off am
her head was bare. Then she took off three
padded , fur-lined Jackets , then two silk
dri scs. very full , and that left her clad.In . a
long antaro , or fore and nit apron , hanging
from her shoulders , and underneath this were
tier flowing trousers. Next eho took off her
slippers and socks ( Turkish women never wcci
long stockings ) nud held out her pretty white
feet to be washed , A basin was brought ll
nnd cure of the attending \vomcn ooured water
over her feet , while the other stool reidy will
a towel to rub them. This same operation
was nocatcd for the hinds and last of all Iho
lady washed her mouth. Then the was rertdy
to pray , and , putting a rug In p'osltlro , Rho
turned to the cast nnd prostrated Iien-clf
forehead to the floor , nine limes In succession
saying to herself meantime the nlnoty-nlno
names of Qcd. When tills was done she tnl
an her clothes again and went on with her
call an If nothing had happened. Needless to
say Kiat the lady would not hove been so
particular about her devotions had she no
been able to satisfy her vanity at the same
time nnd arouse the tcivy of the women IKS
bundled up than herself In costly garments.
Miss Mary .Ellen Scott ot Warrenton , Va.
a daughter of Colonel John Scott , who re
fused n portfolio In the Lincoln cabinet , am
Edward Lovell Johns , son of former Assistant
Surgeon General Johns , were married a few
days ago at WarrerHon , Va.
M. Wallszewskl , the author of the "History
of Peter the Great , " translated Irito English
by Lady Mary Lloyd , anil of "The Romance
ot an Empress , " being1 the life of Catharine
II , was married In Paris a few days age
to the Countess iMnowskn , an accomplishes
Polish woman. M. Wallszewskl Is a Pole
Ho Is now engaged In writing a life of the
Emperor I\an the Cruel.
A Tonncbseo contemporary says : "We are
going to marry our first couple tonight am
would like to Invite our friends to be present
If circumstances would permit. Buck Gumi
has borrowed our book of legal forms , so we
may have to tie the knot according to the
code duello and let them light the matter out
to a finish. "
J. W. Ellis and Mlsa Wattle Weaver of
Scianton , S. D. , were married Tuesday nlghi
after an hour's acquaintance. It came abou
In this way : They were at n lecture where
Prof. Mc'Shano was descanting on the at
tributes of model husbands and wives. First
ho examined the man and pronounced him
an Ideal husband for a certain klrid c'f
woman. Then ho examined Miss Weaver
and pronounced her exactly what Ellis
ncedeJ. These remarks so Impressed the
young people that they sent for a preacher
and settled the matter then and there.
A war is on In Kansas between preachers
and civil oincers over the fees charged for
performing the marriage ceremony. A now
jaw fixes the maximum charge for this serv
ice by probate Judges and justices ot the peace
at $1.50. Until It went Into effect they chargec
$5 or as muc'.i ns the bridegroom would stand
The new law does not affect preachers , who
set from $ , " to $10 , but protests from them are
coming from all sections of the state. Thej
claim that In order to get any of the buslncfc.
: hey are forced to marry oeoplc foe $1 50.
The Evaoston (111. ( ) female bachelors' club
whose members made solemn oath to remain
single for at least five years , has been vlo
lently disrupted by the afnronchlng nuptial ,
of its president and leading spirit. To malt
matters worss , the tcaltor president nays tha
several other charter members besides her
= elf have become engaged nnd that their mar
riage announcements will soon be made , -Ala
i'or the future of all girl bachelors' club
when the articles of Incorporation are a
sooner duly signed than the signers thereo
begin to figure as female Denedlct Arnolds !
The Four Hundred of Indian Island , Me.
revelled nt the wcddiag of John T. Ranc
and Josephine Newell. It was exclusive In
: bo highest degree. Sockalexls , the Indian
'pert , was , the groomsman. Miss Fly Rod the
bridesmaid , and only the big c'nlefs and hunt
ers and guides of real renown received Invl
aliens. It was' only fitting that this shouli
be so. for both bride and groom are of prouc
llnertgc in the Penobscot tribe. She te the
niece of Joe Francis , than whom there Is no
more Illustrious woodsman and moose huntc
n all Maine. Ranco Is a youig brave , who
tas already won distinction as a guide nnd is
esteemed ono of the most promising members
of the tribe.
The marriage ot Richard J. Malone am
Miss Mary Hildreth at Caldwell , Kan. , a
few days ago was the culmination of a
romance of s.ovcral years' duration. For
several months previous to the opening o
the Cherokee strip to settlement , in 1893 , a
handsome girl could be seen dally riding a
spirited black hoi Be at breakneck speed on
the plalni boitth of Caldwell. She \\ac
practicing for the run for n claim , and hai
fixed upon a beautiful valley claim abou
six miles south of Caldwell. On the opening
day she was In line , and Js the signal gun
boomed forth her horse leaped ahead o
the waiting crowd , haxing been trained by
her to Jump at pistol shot , and she wtiij
soon far In the lead of all except a young
man on a bay horse , who kept almos
abreast of the fair rider. Like the wind
the two raced forward for four miles , when
suddenly the girth of the paddle on the black
horse snapped , and a moment later the fair
rider fcll.ito the ground. Stopping his liorso
the young man dismounted and essayed to
assist the unfortunate young woman. She
was unhurt , save a sprained ankle , but
could proceed no further , owing to the broken
taddle. The crowd that had been left behind
was now almost upon them , and the young
woman at once decided < to stake the claim
where eho had fallen , and urged the young
man to hurry on to n better place. Al
though a stranger , he refused to leave the
fair one In distress , gave up his hope of a
fine claim In the valley , and staked the
claim adjoining hers. The acquaintance thus
begun soon ripened Into friendship and later
to love , and before many weeks had passed
ihe two were engaged. Four years they
waited , however , to possess the homes for
which they had risked BO much , and only
last week they proved up their claims nnd
at once sought the nearest minister and were
made one.
WAUCI.V 1101113 WITH 'MAIIV. '
Joe Lincoln In 1. . . A , W. IlullPlln.
The moon was sllver-cltnr that night ,
The Rno > \ wriH pure nnd xp.irklln' .
Arid tress ami bushes 'galntU tiu whlto
Was blots of shndder , dark'nln.
Kach fencorall had a Jeweled load ,
I2ach twig was gemmed and gl.iry ,
And I , along the pautur' road ,
Was wnlkln' homo with .Mnry ,
So still , n dog , two miles nway.
Could reach UH with IIH | howlln' ,
Thn tiimlilln' breakers In thu buy
Was plain as thunder Browjn' | .
My clumsy boot-heels' crunch nnd squtalc ,
Hci'ldc her fltcp HO iilry
Seumoil sayln' "Now's your tlmo to spenk ;
you're wulkln' homo with Mnry. "
The fur-off breakers lent their help
Hy boomln' "Now young feller1 !
And nil that dog could llml to yelp
WriB " 1'ell her ! Tell her ! Tell herl'
And every crackln' bit of Ice
Si-emed like , a klml of fnlry ,
A-KlvIn' mo the same advice , '
When walkln' homo with Mary.
And so , I swallered down my heart
'T'wnrnt greatly to my credit ,
With nil the nlrth to tulco my part
Dut , anyhow , I said It.
And then that dog met off his bark ;
There wn'nt a breaker , nary :
Thu hull < , \lde world stood mill to liar It
And hear Die word from Alary ,
She answered , nnd the breakers fell '
And roared congratulation ;
That ble-jged dog let out n yell
That must n-woku the nation.
Twaa thirty ycnr or more nuo ,
Vet Htlll It makes rne scary
To think , what If JM lieerd n "No , "
When wulkln' homo uith Mury.
IlucUIi-it'n Arillru Siitv * .
The best salve In the world for Cuts ,
I3ruscj ) , Sores , Ulcers , Salt Itbeum. Fever
Sores , Tetter , Chapped Hands , Chilblains ,
Corn * and all Skin Eruptions , and positively
cures Piles tr no pay required. It la guar
anteed to five perfect eatlcUctlon or money
refunded. Price 25 ceuM I'ur box. For
by Kyhp ft yg ,
TIIKATMENT. Batlio ami soak the Ilnmls , on retiring , in n strong , liot
"suds' * or cranny liitliur of CimcuitA SOAP. Dry tin-in thurourjltlv , niul
anoint freely with CUTICUKA , jmicBt of emollients mid greatest of skin
cures.Vcnr \ timing the night old , loose gloves with the linger
ends cut on" , nml holes in the palms for ventilation.
For lid , rcucli , chapped nml discolored liandu , dry , fissured , Itclilnp , fuver-
lih I iiln rT 1 : . ] ( lets Mills tiiid painful OuRir cuds , Ilil3 titatuiiut b
[ IIII 1 } VULdUiUl.
.
lloitca. uir-'Llowtollavo Ilcautliul lUnds , * mailed lice
MAN'S ' EARLIEST ANCESTORS
Maturalists Oha'lonse that TiraJ
with Th&rios of Dessant.
THE MSSIKG : LINK SHILV D FOR A TIM !
The Crvilll iif .Crenting 'Hie ' IIiiiiiui
Itnvc IlHliltwl Ilpdvprii AiiKlo-
\iurnis mini loliNti-rs TJic
FesllvL- Oyster Not In It.
If you were to as > k an average man o
your acquaintance whether he supposes him '
self to bo more closely related to an angle :
worm or to a lobster , ho would doubilebi
regard the question as either a joke or ar
Insult. Yet precisely this question is ex
erclslng the minds of the most celebratet [
naturalists In the \\orld today. They canuoi
agree among themsehe ? about the matter
nnd In conbequenco are arguing pro and con
with great vigor , as yet without reaching a
final decision , The point of the matter
stated a little more explicitly , Is this : The
animal kingdom Is divided Into two great i
groups , called vertebrates or back-boned 1
animals , and Invertebrates. A distinct t
anatomical gap separates thn two , for the
vertebrates all have spines and spinal cords ,
while the Invertebrates lack these convenient |
members. Yet , according to the evolu '
tionists' way of thinking , this gap has once '
been 'bridged ' for the vertebrates have )
evolved from some Invertebrate , The ques .
tion In doubt is as to just which trlbo of
invertebrates deserves the honor of being
regarded as the parent of the vertebrates ,
and hence as the lineal ancestor of man. ,
I'lof. Charles Sedgwlck Mlnot of Harvard
las been discussing this question lately with
Hovcral ot the most distinguished ot thu
foreign naturalists.
The real gist of the discussion hinged 1
about the question whether man's lineal I
ancestor of pro-vertebrate days wan akin to P
the angleworm or to the lobster and horsc-
ahon crab and scorpion. iQut unfortunately ,
naturalists are given to pedantic and
.cchnlcal phraseology , so of course nothing
so plain as this was said outright. Yet the '
naturalists took the most animated Interest
in what they were saying , and the subject
s certainly one worth Interpreting for the '
; cneral reader. For who Is not Interested
n his distinguished ancestors ? And who 1
lees not think It worth while to know
whether a worm or a lobster Is his nearer
dn ? The naturalists talked of "tho 1
Appendlcularla theory , the Annelid theory ,
the Anthropod theory , " etc. , but their mean-
ng will have to bo Interpreted In terms less
nizzlliif.
SOMETHING1 ABOUT ANNELID THEORY.
The annelid theory , In plain English , la
the theory that tbo ancestor of the verte
brates > waa a worm , allied to the form of
which the. earthworm U the most familiar
example. It appears that creatures of this
ypo have many structural peculiarities
that ally them to the lower vertebrates. Dut
so , for that matter , have various other of
the tribes of ilnvcrtobratca. Indeed , so
striking are thu similarities throughout the
animal kingdom , wlion flowed by the trained
> e , tbit. < ia Dri Oaaklll has remarked ,
whenever a naturalist gives hlmaeK up to
ho study of any particular group of the In-
vc-rtebratc.i he Isijiretty sure to reach the
conclusion thatlthla particular group rep-
rmenlB the nrircit kin of the vertebrates ,
lut In case of thr higher worms , It Is not
nercly the apodal students , but a largo
number of general ) naturalists who have be
come convinced of-a close ntllnlty. Of course
he comparison is ruado with the lowest vcr *
cbrates , that la do cay , with thn most prim-
tlvo type of laluartpreiicnled ! by auipbloxud
and the Inmphroys.
In making this comparison , organ for br-
gan , tbo ariatomlit baa comparatively plain
ailing for a time. All animals , high and
ow , ( ujflll substantially the same functions
and so possess corresponding oreins to a sur-
prwlng degree. Thus the anatomist Is able
> to "homologlsc. " as he calls It , tha muscular
1 sjstcm nnd digestive and breathing rnerh-
I nnlh.n and heart of the lower crearuro with
similar organs of the higher one without
much difficulty , notwithstanding details of
( structure that make them seem difficult to
the uninitiated. Hut the great stumbling
block Is reached when he comes to thu mcvt
Imporant tissue of all , the nervous system.
Not that the worm lacks this Indispensable
set of otgnns. On the'contrary , he Is sup
plied with a nervous system that hervcs his
npeds admirably. Dut the dilllculty about It
from the evolutionist's standpoint Is Its lo
cation. Instead of lying on the doisal side
of the alimentary tract , as It does In every
\Ttonr.itr without cxcepticn. It leverscii
this position. Ita long chain of ganglia ,
linked by a nerve cord , runs along the loi\er
. ' side of the body. Instead , of along the back.
And , to make the matter worse , at Its iin-
terlor end the cord divides , and passes as a
' loop about the oesophagus of the worm , to
s terminate In n final ganglion , which takes
the place of n brain , and lies where the
' brain should , according to vertebrate customs -
' toms , on the upper side of the body.
1 So very general Is this arrangement of the
t nervous system among the Invertebrates and
so universal the dorsal arrangement among
' vertebrates , that this discrepancy may be
1 eild to represent the moat Important of
1 those "missing links" about which people
. , ore so fond of talking. It Is a link ve-y far
D removed In the chain from where the pop.
, ular conception places It.
I Notwithstanding nils discrepancy , Prof
Mluot , along with a host of other naturalls's.
Is disposed to think that theto worms are the
3' true ancestors of the vertebrates. The dls-
'ccepancy ' lo the nervous syntem Is explained
by surooslng that the terminal roper ganglion
became degenerated as the animal evolved , Its
place being taken by the one moxt It In , the
chain , wlilsh lies , llko nil the other , on tfce
ventral side , and that finally the animal body
as a whole reversed Its position , so that
ultimately It became customary for It to move
about with Its nervous side uppermost. For
an aquatic worm , wriggling about in more or
les.8 indifferent attitudes , to make fluch a
j change docs not seem very unreasonable.
WHAT DR. GASKILt , THINKS.
Thceo are those at the meeting , however ,
who demur very strongly at this view of the
| caeo ; In particular Dr. Gaskill , the famous
Lctidon anatomist , who 'jas a theory of his
own In the matter to defend. This theory
supposes that not the worms , but the Jointed
, creatures , such as crabs , lobsters and Insects ,
are the true ancestors wo are searching for
' These creatures present the same difficulty
regarding the nervous system that Is shown
by the worms , but Dr. Casklll meets It In a
navel way. Ho believe.- ! that the foremont
jrangllon , which does scTVlco for brains ! o
the insect , Is t\ie direct forerunner of the
brains of all higher creatures. Ho thlnVs
that the rest of the nervous fystem , from
being In the first place merely looped about
the oescohagus , came finally , as It devekpcd ,
to surround the entire digestive tract , until
that Important structure cccsed to bo of any
IMC" , remaining as a mere rudimentary cavity
within the brain of the vertebrate. One hears
sometimes In unscientific circles of a man
having his brains In his stomach , but , ac
cording to Ur , Gaskill , every ono has tlio
rudiment of a stomach In his brain Mean
time , ot course , a new alimentary tract was
developed to take the place of the old one
whoso domain bad been encroached upon by
the growing norvoiM syetcm.
The evolutionist , however , Is little guided
by mere external appearances , and ho flails
no difficulty In bridging the gap between a
worm-llko fish and a fish In armor. Far that
matter he finds nor great stumbling block be
tween the lowest fish and man himself noth
ing at all to be compared to t'.io puzzle nup-
plicd by the difference In nervous syhtem
above outlined , which ls the real barrier be
tween the true worm and the worm-like fish ,
Son o day the students of lower fornifi of life
will U'ldgo this gzu , through observation of
the development of tlio embryos of the crea
tures under dUcupulon. Until then we can
not bo sure whether the humble earth wormer
or the busy bee Is our nearer kkl. Hut It Is a
helpful check upon one's pride of llueago to
reflect that onp or Iho other of these , or at
any rate some other creature equally bumble ,
was our undoubted ancestor.
Miss Marlon Hanson , the bride of Ignatius
Donnelly , was born In Klddwold , near Chris-
tlanla , 'Norway , la 1877. Her family waa
wealthy , ' * ' i
-
- first tn Impvovcincnto.
Fjoncot
.
Conatructfon
and nil
IMgb Grade
Olrite for
typewriter
Our JVero
Hrt Goscntialo.
f
9
Durable JVLicbine
Che Smith Premier typewriter Co. ,
Syracuse , | Vt. . , Cl. 8. fl.
Branch Oflsce , 17th and Farnam Sts. Omaha
IvAllOH A.V1J IXIHJSTItV.
. , Is to hlve-a new glens works ,
Uncle Sam emploje , 0,000 women at V/ash-
nston.
Woodworking planis will bo established at
iiMsIf , Ala. , ttlcaumcnt , 'Tex , , and Berkeley
Sprlngfi , W. Va.
European mauufacturero Germans es
pecially fill tile Russian markets with In-
'erlor goods , stamped , trade marked , etc ,
"America. " '
The order of tbe Pennsylvania Railroad
company for 100,000 of u'teel ralln I * another
iroof that this great corporation to getting
' share of the new prosperity.
Now York Typographical Union No. 6
s planning to buy a great tract of land on
whlcir to colonize those of Us meinber who
cannot bccuro employment at their trade ,
Many cotton mills In tbo nouth have con- '
tracta fcr China and South America direct ,
notably those In fiparatanburg ' district , '
whcnco there \M'a made u s.i < glo $100,000 ,
shipment to China few dayu ago , !
The Exporters' Association of America la '
tbout ro establish In Warsaw a lumplo room
for the exhibition of American manufacturt t
firs , together with an agency for l&elr Intro- ,
ductlon und < tale throughout llntala.
The latest largo coimolldatlon announced Is
hut of the three largest cracker manufactur- 1
og companies 'In the United Stairs , These
concerns have an aggregate capital of $25-
000,000 , and the capitalization of tile new
combination Is placed at $55,000,000
J. Havelock Wilson , president of the Sca-
non's union of Great Brlt'tln , member of
'drll'inuTit for MUUlcboro , and fraternal
dclcpato to the recent Nauhvlllo convention.
If , delivering a series of .jddrcMfs throughout
America on the advleablltly of forming an
utenutlonal federation of uorklngmun.
The cultivation of tobacco Is engaging the
attention of farmers In several countries of
Ontario , Canada. Lewis YVIglc claims that
an acre of good ground , properly tl led , will
Icld 1,200 to 2.009 pounds of tobacco leaf ,
vhlch EfllB at from > i to 14 cent * per pound ,
ccordlng to quality. To take an average
Ills means ll&O to $170 per acre to the
armer , which Is viitly better tUn $35 or $35
> cr acre from grain ,
The Urltlsh Hc lcry company , Olneyvlllo ,
n , I. , U making preparations to partially re-
movu Its .tujlntos to the tuut.1 A plant U
o bo established ut N-iuIivlllo , Tano. , and a
umber of the operatives from Thornton' will
eon leave for that etc.tc , > Ucrc : they will bp
KCd an Instructors to the new and Inexperl-
nced southern colored helpThn manage
ment angerUi that the southern plant will t j
ted for cotton goods and that the change U
iccofultuted by the prcetut condition of cot-
on
A SECZAXTY.
rrlmnry. Pecoudaiy or Tcitlary 1JLOOD
I'OIHON permanently
Cured in 15 to 35 Days.
You can tic treated at homo for eamo
price under lama guaranty. If you prefer
to come here we will contract to pay railroad -
road fure end hotel bills , und no charge
If wo fall to Hire.
IP YOU HAVE
taken mercury , Iodide potnah anil till
ha\o uchm nnd pains. Mucous Putchcg in
mouth. Sore Tfiioat rlmple , Copper Col.
jred riictp , riccrs on uny part of the
lioily llnlr or Ktebiowa fulling out. It It
Ihla Secondary
! M
We Gumarfes to Cure
We Kollrlt I ho must obctlnuto rnics anil
cliullc-iiKo | | o v-rli , -or u cite we cnnnot
cure This din titc * ha > nluay * bntlleil the
( kill of the ir.tiu eminent phyilclant.
JlOO.diO cunliii | behind our unconditional
guaranty AbJOlulc proof * tent ueuled
on nppllcatun 1 1 PIIKC bonk font frir.
Addre < COOK KOICDV CO , , 1 < IIU
'lYinitlr , Clilriino , 111 ,
'ENNYRQYAL ' "Pills
- > * V Original end Onlj Genuine.
llruifM Ixr ClUkulir't tialiiH Via .
JMlltl Kl-ll tUll WfrlJ IDf UIIJfl\
.ftjfrl ltl , tluo rltbou , Tuku
nuollirr. ft/mtdangfrovttubKUu-
( * u < ! imll.iilon , . * l Ilruulilior fol 4 .
ta itini * fr i rileuUri. i itlmua1ili tad
" llrlli r far r.udlc. . " litlilUr. Ij rrloru
Mull. lt' . < IOIT llinoal > li Kftt I'epir ,
i'A.
CORE YOUR8EW
L' IllgO ( or uuntlurtl
dUy'nartM , IntUmmiiloot ,
Irrlltllcm or ulcerilloni ,
cl uunoui
uunouifto
fto
jwii
* "
ft MBt
br > lprti , iric
/ .w.arltllki ,
Utcilur MA |
