* r f ' " '
THE OKAHA DAILY BET&TUESDAY , PECEMHEK 7 , 1807.
made cany hy the multiplied redemption * of
ounlftnaml obligations , or Increase the gold
reserve for their redemption. Wo have $900 , .
000,000 of currency which the government l > y
solemn enactment has undertaken to keep
at par with gold. NciboJy Is obliged to re
deem In "gold but the government. The
liinks arc not required to redeem In Bold.
The Rovernmcnt Is obliged to keep equal
with Rold rill ltd outstanding currency and
to n obligat'onfl ' , while Its receipts arc not
require 1to bo paid In gold. They arc paid
In every kltnl of money but gold , und tliu
only means by which the Rovernmcnt can
with certainty get RO ! < ! Is by borrowing. It
can get It In no other nay when It most
needs It. The government , without any
fixed gold revenue , Is pledged to maintain
cold rolemptlon , which It has steadily and
faithfully clone , and which untlcr the author
ity now given It will continue to do
roiici : Tim ISSUE ov BONDS
The law whlr-h requires the government
after having redeemed its notes to r/ay them
out again an current funds doiranls a con-
Btant replenishment of tlio gold rosor\o. This
Is especially BD In timed of bitstiess oanic
end when the revenues are Insufficient to meet
the expenses of the government. At such
times the government hag no other way to
supply Its deficit and maintain rcdoinpthn
but through the Increase of Its handed debt ,
and during the administration of my predo-
cc'sor $202,313,100 of 1 % per cent bonds were
Issued and sold and the proceeds used to pay
the expenses of llio KOV eminent In excess of
the revenues and sustain the gold reserve.
While It Is true that the greater part of the
proceeds of these bonds were used to surlily
deficient revenues , a considerable portion was
Acquired to maintain the gold reserve
With our revenues equal to our expenditures
there would he no deficit requiring the Issu-
once of bondn Hut If the gold reserve Mils
below $100,000,000 how will It bo replenished
except by Rolling more binds ? IB there any
other way practicable under existing law ?
The serious question , then , Is , shall we con-
tlnuo the policy that has been pursued In
the rwt that Is , when the gold reserve
reached the point of danger. Issue more bonds
and supply tbo needed gold , or shall we i > ro-
vlde other means to prevent these recurring ;
drains u ( > on the gold re-five ? If no furthci
legislation Is ted and the policy of selling
bonds Is to bo continue 1 , then congress should
glvo the secretary of the treasury authority
to well bonds at Ictig or short periods , bearing
a less rate of Interest thin la now authorized
I1REAK THE ENDLESS CHAIN.
I earnestly recommcod , as soon as the
receipts of the government ore quite sufll-
clent to pay all the CXOPHSOS of the govern
ment , that when any of llio United States
notes nro presented for icdemptlon In gold ,
and are redeemed In gold , such notes shall
bo kept and bet apart and enl > i aid out In
exchange foi gold This Li an obvious duty
If the holder of the United States note prefers
the gold and guts it from the government , ho
should not rocolvc buck from the government
a United States note without raying gold In
return for It The uason for this Is made
all the more apparent when the gov eminent
Issues an Interest-bearing debt to provide
geld for the redemption of United States notes
a non-Interest bearing debt Surely It
should not yay them out again except on
demand , and for gold If they are put out ici
nny other waj they may return again , to bo
followed by another bond Issue to redeem
them another Interest-bearing debt to re
deem a non-Interest bearing debt
In my view It l of the utmcst Importance
that the government should bo relieved from
the business of providing all the gold re
quired for exchanges and export This re
sponsibility U alone borne by the govern
ment v.lthout nnj of the usual and neces
sary banking powers to he-lp Itself. The
banks 60 not feel the strain of the gold re-
ticrnptloni. The whole strain rests upon
the governmo-t and the size of the gold
reserve In the treasury has come to be , wither
-without reason , the signal of danger or
of security. This 'ought ' to be stopped.
If wo are to have an era of prosperity In
the country , with sufficient receipts for the
expenses of the Government we may feel
no great embarrassment from our present
icurrency , but , the dargv still exists and will
be ever present , menacing us so long as the
existing sjstem continues And besides It
1 in tlme-i of adequate revenues aoid busi
ness tranquillity that the government should
prepare for the worst AV'o cannot avoid
without serious consequences the wise con
sideration and prompt solution of this ques
tion.
PLAN TOR RELIEF.
The secretary of the treasury has out
lined a plan In great detail for the purple
of removing the threatened recurrence of a
depleted gold reserve and save us from
future embarrassment on , that account. To
this plan I Invlto your careful considera
tion.
I concur with the secretary of the treas
ury In his recommendation that national
banks be allowed to lsue notes tt > itho face
\aluc of the bonds which they have deposited
lor circulation , and that the tax on circu
lating uotcis secured by deposit of such
bonds bo reduced to one-half of 1 per cent
per annum. I albo Join him In recommend
ing that authority bo given lur the establish
ment of national tanks \ . I li a minimum capi
tal cf $2C,000. This will enable the smaller
villages and agricultural ic-glonu of the
country to bo supplied with currency to
meet their needs
I recommend that the Issue of national
bank notes bo restricted to the denomination
of $ tO anJ upward. If the suggestions I
liaveTicroln made shall "have " the approval
of oa-ngress then I would recommend that
national banks bo requited to redeem their
notes In gold.
_ _
nnviinv or siTUvrnys iv cun\ .
ol to VlliM\ New C'lililnct Time ?
r in Carr > Out It < * fi > rm * .
The most Important problem with which
; this government Is now called upon to deal
partalnlng to Its foreign relations concerns
Its duty toward Spain and the Cuban Insui-
rectlon. Problems and conditions more or
less In common with those now existing
FROM FOOT TO KNEE
Ohio Woman Suffered Great Agony
From a Terrible Sore Her Story of
the Case , and Her Cure ,
Tor many jenis I vvns anilctcd with a
milk leg , und a fovv years ago it broke out
In n ooro nnd spread from my foot to my
Icncc , I suffered great agony. It would
burn and itch all the tuna inul discharge
a great deal. My health.vns good with
the exception of thU uoro. 1 tiled n great
many kinds of salve , but some would
irritate tlio BOre BO that I could hardly
Ht ami the pain. I could not go near the
flro without suffering inte nst ly. Someone
eont me impers containing testimonials of
cures by Hood's Barsnpnrlllu , nnd I told
my husband I would llko to try this med
icine. Ho got ino n bottle and I found it
helped mo. I kept on taking it until my
limb was completely healed. I cannot
praise Hood's Barunparllla enough ( or the
great bciicllt it lias been to mo. It
cleanses tbo blood of all linpuiltiea nnd
leaves it rich nnd pure. " Mus. ANNA 13.
EAKEH , Whlttlesoy , Ohio.
You can buy Hood's BarEnpnrilla of nil
druggists. Bo euro to got only Hood's ,
HOOd'S fnvo-itu funily
. 1'rlco SM.
have confronted this government at various
times In the past. The story ot Cuba for
many years nan been ono ot unrest , growing
discontent , an effort toward a. ! < irgcr enjoy
ment of liberty and self-control , of organized
rcslnUnco to the mother country.of depression
and dUtrera and warfare , and ot Ineffectual
seUlementto bo followed by renewed re
volt For no enduring period since the en
franchisement of the continental possessions
of Spain In the western continent has the
condition of Cuba or the policy ot Spain to
ward Cuba not caused concern to the United
States.
The prospect from time to time that the
weakness of Spain's hold upon the Island and
the political vlclssltudro and embarrass
ments of the home government might lead
to the transfer of Cuba to a , continental
POAO. ' , called forth , between 1823 nnd 1SCO ,
various ompiatlc declirotlons ot the policy
of the United States to permit no disturbance
ot Cuba's connection with Spain unless In
the direction of Independence or acquisition
by the United States through purchase , nor
has thcro been any condition to this de
clared policy slnco Upon the part of the gov
ernment. |
The revolution which began In 1S6S lasted
for ten years , despite the strenuous efforts
of the successive peninsular governments to
suppress It. Then , as now , the government
ot the United States testified its grave con
cern and offered Its aid to put an end to
bloodshed in Cuba The overtures made by
General Grant wcro refused and the war
dragged on , entailing great loss of life and
treasure and Increased Injury to American
Interests , besides throwing enhanced bur
dens ot neutrality upon this government.
In 1878 peace was brought about by the
truce ot Zanjon obtained by negotiations be
tween the Spanish commander Martinez do
Campos , nd the Insurgent leaders
OUTimCAK OK HOSTILITIES.
The present Insurrection broke out in
February , 1895. It Is not my purpose at
this time to recall Its remarkable Increase
or to ch'iracterbo Its tenacious resistance
against the enormous forces massed against
It by Spain The revolt and the efforts to
subdue It carried destruction to every quaiter
of the Island , developing wide proportions
and defying the efforts ot Spain fof Its sup-
piosulon. The civilized cede of war las be/m
disregarded , no less so b > the Spaniards tlnn
bj the Cubans
The exlsUng conditions cannot but fill this
government and the American people with the
Kravest annrcheiislon. There Is no desire on
the pait of our people to pioflt by the mis
fortunes ot Spiln We have only the desire
to see the Cubans prosperous and contented
enjoying that measure of Belt-control which
Is the lnall ° iublo right of man , protected in
their right to i cap the benefit ot the ox-
h ustle--s trcasinca of their country.
The offci irnde by my predecessor in April ,
189C tendering the frlendlj olllces ot this
government , failed. Any mediation on our
part was not accepted. In brief the nnswei
lead' "There Is no effectual way to paclfj
Cuba unless It begins with the actual sub
mission of the icbels to the mother country. "
Then onlj could Spain act In the promised
direction , of her own motion and after hero
on plans The cruel policy of concentra
tion waa Initiated Tebruary 16 , 1SOG The
proJuctlvo districts controlled by the Spanish
armies were depopulated and the agricultural
Inbibltants were herded In and about the
Rurrlson tonns , thrlr lands laid waste and
their dwellings dcstiojcd. This policy the
late cabinet ot Spain Justified as a necessary
measure of war and as a means of cuttting
oft supplies fiom the Insurgents It has
utterly failed as a war measure It was not
civilized warfare. It was extermination.
AUUSfi TUG RIGHTS OF WAR
Agiilnst this abuse of the rights of war
I IIDVO felt constrained on'repeated occasions
to enter the Him and earnest protest of
this government. There was much ot public
condemnation of the treatment of American
cltl/ens by alleged Illegal an oats and long
imprisonment , awaiting trial or pending
protiacted Judicial procedure I felt U my
flrst duty to make Instant demand for the
iclcase or speedy trial of all American
citizens under arrest. Before the change of
the Spanish cabinet In October last twenty-
two prisoners , citizens ot the United Suites
had been Given their freedom.
Tor the relict ot our own citizens suffering
because of the conflict , the aid of congiesa
was sought In a special mesjigo. and under
the appioprlatlons of April 4 , 1897 , effective
aid has been Riven to Aircrlcan citizens
In Cuba , and ninny of them at their own re-
quecit have -boon - , returned to the United
States.
The Instructions given to our new minister
to Spain before his departure for h's pest
directed him to Impress upon that govern
ment the slnceie wish of the United States
to lend Its aid toward the ending of the
war in Cuba by reaching a peaceful and
lasting result. Just and honorable alike to
Spain end the Cuban people. These Instiuc-
tlons i celled the character and duration of
the contest , the widespread Iccacfa It entallo ,
the burdens and restraints It Imposes upon
us , with constant disturbance of naticmal
Interests and the Injurj resulting from an
Indefinite continuance of thlp state of things
It was stated that at this Juncture our
government was constrained to seriously In
quire if the- time was not ripe when Spain
of her ova volition , moved by her own in
terests and every sentiment of humanity ,
should put a stop to this destructive war
and make , proposals of settlement honora
ble to herself and Just to her Cuban colony.
It was urged that aa a neighboring nation ,
with largo Interests In Cuba , we could be
required to wait only a reasonable tlmo for
the mother country to establish Its authority
and restore peace and order within'the bor
ders of the Island ; that wo could not contem
plate on Indortnltu peilod for the accom
plishment of this rcc'ult.
NO HUMILIATION TO SPAIN.
No solution was proposed to which the
slightest idea of humiliation to Spain could
attach , and. Indeed , picclso proposals were
withheld to avoid embarrassment to that
Govcinmcnt. All that was asked or expected
was that some safe w-iy might to speedily
provided and permanent peace restored It
so chanced that the consideration of this
offer , addressed to the same Spanish adm'a-
Istratlon which Lad declined the tendeis of
my prcilecer'or , and which for more than
two years h-ad poured men and treasure into
Cuba In the fruitless effort to suppress the
revolt , fell to others , Uotween the departure
of General Woodford , the new envoy , tud hlh
airival In Spain , the statesman who had
oliapcd tlio policy of his country fell by the
hand of an assassin , and although the cabi
net of the late premier still held otllceanil
received from our envoy the proposals ho
bore , that cab'net gave place within a few
dait thereafter to a ne\v administration
under the leadership of Sagac-la
Thu reply to our note was received on the
21(1 ( day of October. It Is In the direction of
a better understanding. It appreciates the
filendly purposes of thla government. It
admits thiit our country Is deeply affected
by the war In Cuba and that Its desires for
peaeo nro Just. H declares that the present
Spanish government Is bound by every con
sideration to a change of policy that should
satisfy tlio United Statea and pacify Cuba
within a reasonable time. To this end Spain
has decided to put Into effect the political
reforms heretofore advocated by the present
premier , without halting for any considera
tion In the path which In Its Judgment leads
to peaco. The military operations , It is said ,
will continue , but will bo hunmno and con
ducted with all regard for private rights ,
bolng accompanied by political action leading
to the autonomy of Cuba , wlillo guarding
Spanish sovereignty This , It Is claimed ,
will result In Inventing Cuba with a dis
tinct personality , the Island to bo governed
by nn executive and by a local council , or
chamber , reserving to Spain the control of
the foreign relations the army and navy and
the Judicial administration. To accomplish
FOR. . .
Queen of the Ice Carnival
MY CHOICK FolMJUUUN I'Ol.ARIS
IS
Ballot Hexes located nt Mlll.ard Hotel , Dee Uldg , King Pharmacy , 211 h
and Uc-avenvvorth sts. : Clms. A. Tracy's , loth and Douglas ; Shruder'd
Drus Store , North 21th nnd Sewnrd sis.
NORIIIH & I.OVH , Cnrtilvnl IMntiu ertt.
DEC. 7 This ballot must bo deposited w Ithln 3 days from date. '
Coupons iruy be mailed within two days to Uarnlval
Ucp't. B e om-c. Omaha.
this the present government proposes to r
modify existing legislation by decree , leav
ing the Spanish Cortes , with the aid of
Cuban senators and deputies , to solve the
economic problem and properly distribute the
existing debt.
NO DnriNITE PROLONGATION.
In the absence of a declaration of the
measures that the government proposes to
take In carrying out Its proffer of good
offices , It suggests that Spiln 'bo left free
to conduct military operatlomt and grant
political reforms , while the United States
for Its part shall enforce Its neutral obliga
tions and cut off the assistance which It Is
asserted the Insurgents receive from this
country The supposition of an Indefinite
prolongation of the war Is denied. It Is
asserted that the western provinces arc al
ready well nigh reclaimed , that the planting
of cano and tobacco therein has been re
sumed , and that by force of arms and now
and ample reforms very early and complete
paclflratton Is hoped for.
The Immediate amelioration of ox'stlng '
conditions under the new administration of
Cuban affairs Is predicted , and therewith
all the dlsturbznce and all occasion for any
change of attitude on the part of the
United States Discussion of the question
of International duties and responsibilities
of the United States , as Spiln understands
them , Is presented , with an apparent dispo
sition to charge us with failure In this re-
gard. This charge Is without any basin n
fact It could not have been mndo If Spiln
had been cognizant of the constant efforts
this government has made at the cost of
mllllcos , and by the emplojment of the ad
ministrative machlnerj at the command of
the nation to perform Its full duty according
to the law of nations That It has success
fully prevented the departure of a elnglo
military expedition or armed vtesel from our
chores In violation of our Uwa would seem
to bo a sun'clont answer But of this aspect
of the Spanish note It la not ncccssaiy to
speak further now Firm In the conviction
of a wholly performed obligation , duo re-
spotoo to this charge lisa been madeIn
diplomatic taties Throughout all these horrors
rors and dtngerfl to our own peace this gov
ernment has never In any way abrogated
Its soveiclin prerogative , of reserving to
Itself the determination of Us policy and
courao according to Its own high oerao of
right end In consonance with the dearest
Interests and com lotions of our own people
should the prolongation of the strife so de
mand.
UNTIUKD
Of the urtried measures there icmaln only :
"Recognition of the Insuigtuts as belliger
ents ; recognition of the Independence of
Cilia , neutral Intervention to erd the war
by ImpOi.'iig a latlonal compromise between
the contestants , and Intervention In favor of
one or the other ] -irties 1 spealv not of
forcible annexation , for that cannot bethought
thought of That by our code of morality
would be criminal aggression "
Recognition of the belligerency of the
Cuban Insurgents has of ten been canvassed
as a possible. If not Inovltiblc step , both In
logard to the previous ten years' struggle
and ( lining the picsent war. I am not un
mindful that thu two houses of congress In
the spring of 1S9G expressed the opinion by
concunent resolution that a condition of
public war existed requiring or Justifying
the recognition of a state of belllqcicncy In
Cuba , ami during the extra session the sen
ate voted a joint resolution of like Impoit ,
which , how over , 'was ' not ibrought to a vote
In the house. In the presence of these
significant expressions of sentiment of ths
legislative blanch , It behooves the executive
to soberly consider the conditions under
which so linpoitant a measuie mujt ueeJs
rest for Justification. It is to be seriously
considered whether the Cuban Inauiisctlon
possesses beyond dispute the nttilbatcs of
sta'ehoort which alons cm de-mind the recog
nition of belligerency In Its favoi. Poases-
lon. In , short , of the essential quallfloj Ic-ns
if sovereignty by the Insurgents ar 1 the
: onduct of the war by them according to
.ho recognized code of war are no leas 1m-
> ortant factors toward the determination of
.ho problem of belllgerencj than aie the
nfluonccs and consequences of the struggle
ipon the Internal policy of the recognising
state.
QUOTES GRANT'S MESSAGE.
The wise utteiances of President Grant In
his memorable message of December 7 , 1875 ,
are signally relevant to the present situation
in Cuba , and it may bo wholesome now to
recall them. At that time a ruinous con-
llct had for seven years wasted the neigh
boring island During all those jcars an
utter disregard of the laws of civilized war-
'aro and of the Just demands of humanl'y ,
ivhlch called forth expressions of condemna-
lon from the nations of Christendom , con-
Inued unabated Desolation and ruin per
vaded that pioductlvo region , enormously af-
ectlng the commerce of all commercial na-
.lors , but that of the United States more
hail any other by reason of proximity ami
arger trade amd Intercourse. At that Junc-
mro General Grant uttered these words ,
ivhlch now as then sum up the elements of
the problem-
"A recognition of the Independence of Cuba
belnfin my ccjlnlon , Impracticable and In-
defenalble. the question which next presents
tnolf Is that of the recognition of belligerent
'ghtfa ' In the parties to the contest In a
ormr-r message to cccigress I had occasion to
consider this question and reached the con
clusion thit the conflict In Cuba , dreadful
and devastating as were Its Incidents , did
not tiso to the fearful dignity of war.
"It Is possible that the acts of foreign
powers , and even acts cf Spain Itself of this
very nature , might bo pointed to In defense
of such recognition. But now , as In Its paJt
history , the United States should carcfullj
ivold the false lights , which might lead It Into
the ma/es of doubtful law and of questionable
propriety , and adhere ilgldly and sternly to
the rule which has been Its guide , of doing
only Aat which U right nd honest and ol
good rc ort. The question of according or
"Itliholdlng rights of belllgeiencj must be
.udpod in every case In vlevv of the pai-
tlcufar attending Pacts. Unless Justified by
necessity It Is always , and Justly , icgauled
as an unfriendly act and a gratuitous demon
stration of moral suppuit to the rebellion
It is necessarj , and It la lequlrcd , when the
utereats .and-rights of another government
or of Its yeoplo uio so far affected bj a
pending civil conflict as to ipqulro a definition
of Its relations to the parties thereto Hut
this conflict must bo one which will be recog-
nUed In the henso of International law us
, var.
WHAT CONSTITUTES WAR.
"Belligerence , too , Is a fact. The mc-o
existence of contending armed billed nnd
their occasional conflicts do not constitute
war In the sense-referred to. Applvlng to
the existing condition of affairs In Cuba , tha
'ests recognized by publicists and writers oj
ntorratlonnl law , and which liavo been
observed by nations of dignity , honesty and
power , when free from sensitive , s'llish and
unworthy motives , I fall to flnd In the In
surrection the existence of such a
substantial political orpnulzat'on , r n' ' , palpa
ble and miinlfest to the world , ha-vlng the
forms and capable of the ordinary functions
of government toward Its own pc-oplo and to
other states , with courts for the administra
tion of Justice with a Ipcal habitation , pos
sessing such organization of force , sucU
miitorlal , such occupation of territory us to
take the contest out of the category of a
mere rebellious Insurrect.on , or occasional
skirmishes , and place It on the to rlblo foot
ing of war. to which recognition of belliger
ency would aim to elevate It.
"Tho contest , moreover , Is solely on land ;
the Insmier-tinn lias not possessed Itbolf of u
single seaport whence It may send forth Its
Hug , nor hns It any means'of ' communication
with foreign powers , except through thu
mllltaiy lines of Its adversaries No ap
prehension of nny of those sudden and
dllllcult'compllcations ' which a war upon the
ocian U apt to precipitate upon the vessels
both commercial and notion ) , and upon UIL
consular olllccrs of other powers , calls foth
definition of their relations to the parties to
the contest. Considered as a question o
expediency , I rcgtiid the accordance of lisl
llgercnt rights btlll to bo aa unwlso am
premature us I regard It to bo , at present
Indefensible , as o measure of right.
"Such recognition entails upon the coun
tiy according the rights which flow from U
lUlllcnlt and complicated duties , and requires
UIP exaction from the contending unrtlrs o
the strict obscrvenco of their rights niu
obligations , It confeis l > io right of rparcl
upon the high seas by vessels of both parties
It would subject the carrjIiiR of arms am
munitions of war , which now may bo trans
ported freely and without Interruption , ii
vessels of the United States , to detention and
to po&slblo seizure ; It would glvo rise to
countless vexatious questions , would reli'itw
thu parent government from icsponslblllt
for acts dona by the Insurgents , and would
Invent Spain with tha right to excrtiae th
supervision lecogulzcJ by our treaty of 179
over our comnWct ) nn the high seas , a very
largo part of nJilcV In Its traffic between
thn Atlantic and gulf states , and between
nil of them am ) the states on the Pacific ,
passes through''tho'waters ' which wash the
shores of Cubi. ' the exercise of this super
vision could scj bc. fall to lead , If not to
abuses , certainly to collisions perilous to the
peaceful relation * of the two states. There
can bo little dmibt > an to what result such
bupervlslon would'ietore \ long draw this na
tion It would 'bo iinvvorthy of the United
States to Inaugural thu possibilities of such
result , by measures , of questionable right or
expediency , or by any Indirection "
PRACTICAL KJTnCT OP RECOGNITION
Turning to the practical aspects of a recog
nition of belllgfrcney and reviewing Us Inconveniences -
conveniences mid positive dangers still
further pertinent considerations appeir
In the cede of nations there Is no such thing
as a linked recognition of belligerency un
accompanied by the tssumptlon of Interna
tional neutrality Such recognition without
more will confer upon , neither party to a
domestic conflict n status not heretofore
actually possessed nor affect the relation
of either party to other states. The act of
recognition usually takes the form of a
solemn proclamation of neutrality which re
cites the do facto condition of belligerency
as Its motives It announces a domestic law
of neutrality In the declaring state. It as
sumes the International obligations of a
neutral In the presence of a public state of
war. It warm all citizens and others within
the jurisdiction of the proclalmant that they
violate those rigorous obligations at their
own peril and cannot expect to bo
shielded from the consequences. The right
of visit and search on the scai nnd seizure ot
vessels and cargoes and contraband of war
and good prize under admiralty law must ,
under International law , be admitted as a
legitimate consequence of a proclamation of
belligerency. While according ttao equal bel
ligerent rlgUs defined by public law to each
party In our ports disfavors would be Im-
paced on both , which , wlillo nominally equal ,
would weigh heavily In behalf ot Spain her
self. Possessing a navy ana controlling the
ports of Cuba , her maritime rights could be
asserted not only for the military Invest
ment of the Islanl , but up to the margin of
our own territorial waters , and a condition of
tilngs would exist for which Uie Cubans
wltinln their own domain could not hope to
create a ( diallol , while Its creation of aid or
sjmpathy from within our domain would be
oven mnro Imnoaslblo th-in now with the
additional obligations of International neu-
tiallty we would poiforco assume.
The enforcement of this cnlzrged and on
erous code of neutiullty wo/Id enl > be In
fluential within out own Jurisdiction b > land
and sea and applicable bj our own Instru
mentalities. It could Impart to the United
States no Jurisdiction between Spain and
the Insiiigents It would give the United
SMtes no right of Intervention to enforce
the conduct of Hie strife within the paia-
mount authorit > of Spain according to fhe
IntcrnatlouSroodo of war.
For thcao leasons I icgard the recognition
t the belligerency ot the Cubans as now
nwlso and therefore 'Inadmissible. Should
hat step hereafter be deemed wise as a
icasuio ot right and dutj the executive will
alto It.
DISCUSSES INTERVENTION.
Intel ventlon upon humanitarian grounds
las been frequently suggested and has not
ailed to receive my most anxious and earnest
oidlderatlon But should such a stop be
low taken , when it Is apparent that a lope-
ul change l 'siit/ervened ' / In the policy of
Spain towaru Cub-f A new government
iis taken ofllccln the mother countrj. It U
) le-dged In advance to the declaration thut
all the effort In the- wet Id cannot suffice to
maintain peaceIn Cuba by the bajonet ;
hat v-iguo promises of reform after subjuga-
icii afford no solutjon of the insulai piob-
em ; that with a substitution of commanders
uuct come a change , of tie past sjstem of
varfaro for ono in hannonj vvitta a new
) ollcy , which shall no longer aim to drive
ho Cubans to the "horrible alternative o'
iking to the thlcKet or succumbing In
nlserj , " that rcforins must bo Instituted In
accordance wi'h the needs and clrcum-
stancw cf time1 , and th > H ithi'se reforms ,
vhllo designed 16 grvo- full autonomy to the
colony and to create a virtual entltj and self-
csntrollcd admhilatratlcn , shall yet conserve
and atflrm the sovereignty of Spain by a
list distilbutlon cf powers and burdens upon
i basis of mutual interest untainted by
iiethods ot selfish expediency.
The first acts of the now government lie
n these honorable paths The policy of
cruel rapine and extermination that so long
hocked the universal sentiment of humanitj
las been reversed Under the new military
comtraniJcr a broad clemency Is proffered
Measures have already been set afoot to re-
lev o the hoirors of starvation. The power
of the Spanish armies , It is asserted , Is to
) o Ubed not to spread ruin and desolation ,
but to protect the resumption of peaceful
agricultural pursuits and productive. Indus-
rlca. That r > ist methods > ire futile to force
a peace by subjugation Is freely admitted
and that rufai without conciliation must In
evitably fall to win for Spain the fidelity
of a contented dependency.
APPLICATION 01' REFORMS.
Decrees In application of the foreshadowec
rofoims liavo alrcadj been promulgated
The full text of these decrees has not been
lecelved , but as furnished in a telegraphic
summary from our mini-tor are : All clvl
and electoral lights of peninsular Spaniards
arc , In virtue of existing constitutional au-
: horlty , forthwith extended to colonial Span-
lards A Echc-uie of autonomy has been
pioclalmed by decree , to become effective
upon ratification by the Cortes It creates
. Cuian paillarrent , which , with the Insular
executive , can consldei and vote upon al
subjects affecting local order and Interests
seuslng unlimited powers cave as to mat
ters of state , war and navy , as to which the
Bcveinor goncial acts by his own authority
IB the delegate of the central government
TU'o parliament receives the oath of the
governor general to preserve faithfully tin
liberties and pi Ivlieges of the colony , and to
It the colonial secretaries are icspcaslble
It has the right to propose to the centra
government , through the governor general
modifications of the national chattel and to
Invite ne.v projects of taw or executive
metsurcs In the Interest of the colcny
Hesldes Itij local powers It Is competent
first , to regulate electoral registration ant
lirocedure and prescribe the qualltlcatlons
of olectoifj and the manner of exercising
suffrage , second , to organize courts of Jut
tlce with uatlvo Judges from members o
the local l-ar ; third , to frame- the tabular
judget both as to expenditures and revenues
to meet the Cul.an shaio of the natlona
Imdcot , which latter will be voted by tht
national Co < tea , with the assistance of Cuban
senatora and deputies ; fourth , to Institute
or take pa it In the ciegotlatlons ot the na
tional govsrnmert for commercial treaties
which may affect Cuban Interests ; fth , to
acceptor reject commercial ticatles vvhlcl
thu national goveiimpnt ) may have conclude !
without the paitcl | | > atlon of the Cuban gov
ernment , sixth , to fr.nno the colonial tariff
acting In accord jvltli the pen'n ular govern
ment In scheduling /irlicles of mutual com
merce between tbo mother country and the
colonies. Ilofore Introducing or voting upon
a 'alll. ' the Cuban government , or the Cham-
tiers , will lay tltfr project before the centra
A SMALLJECEET.
Coiililn't UnilfixfAml tli > ' 1'iiNlf of UlN
Two nen In lUfUii were cllsi usuhii- the va
louH food | ir < ilU't ncm In-lns BUpiilUU In sue
vnrlii ) nnd abundjnnl O.ie , a uniier. ald.
frt-iuinily 115 u i iuu liiKe or nu of an > coitnl
nrtlch Ijefore ufTi-rniK Jt to m > Irnilu mid In tin
wn > Bomeilniea form different fcka Dun in
customers luive l ir tiutiince about llirw wo *
nio , I tliuUKlit 1 would tr > HOIIIO J'ontum Too
CouVc. to tie what icnt > n ttiuo vuia fir MIC
a call foi It At bri.I.faat I dl.ln't llko I
and nui > | .r punt. ! 1'ic mine no I imturally cm
cluJ l that in > tnulo wn UlnVrcnt from tlmt o
the custoniriM li bought It rlulit along , n. < !
or two after T vuilttu on n luilv who wan lm >
Ing u 23 c paikuKo nnd told her I ccuMn't under
Btnnil how one rouM CHIILJ thu time of I'octiui
'I kiuw Just what Is tlio matter ' dm HtlJ.yo
put the coffee Iwller on the steve for Just flftii
inlnuu > 3 , ami ten minuted of llmt lime It Him
mered , unJ jiorluis live m'nui" ' * it liollnl Js'ov
If you will Imv ? It left tu Loll full Dficxn mln
HUB after U eommenri'S to lull you will ( In
n ikllclr-us Java like IWIPI-IIKP , rl h In f > o < l vnlu
of elutcn nml ph * > phatin , no choice that > o
will ni-vtr abandon It particularly when you m
the ijrcnt Kul'i ' In li ulli ! ' \Vi-ll I twit .mother
trial nnd suio pnouih I havej > liipl iha Pmtum
nnny for ( rood , and life seems worth llvlntf
ulnco I Imve uofien rid of my old Urn * ftonmUi
and Itldnc > trouble *
1'ontum la no oit of medlrlnc. but pure f 0
ami til' ! . together vvltli u relief from cuttic lua
orloil the change ,
I'nstum l tn only cienl nn > * j > | itlnrnv
creel , with a r'T"3 Utlt > , that tr ( Mire and fled
from law trade ctffeu or other Uruga.
overnmc-nl mt hear It * opinion thereon ,
U the correspondence In uch regard bolng
mailo public , rinslly , nil conflicts ot Jur'fl- '
lotion arising between the different munlcl.
ml , provincial and Insular assemblies , or
ictwcen the latter and the Insular executive
) o\vcr , and which from their nature may not
10 referable to the centnl government for
cclslon , ehall be submitted to the courts.
NBW CAU1NBT SINTCHK
That the government of Sngasta has entered
pou a course from which recession with
iciior 1s Impoailblo can hardly bo qucs-
ronod ; tint in the fen weeks It IMS existed
t hem niado earnest of the sincerity of Its
irofeaslons Is undeniable. I filial 1 not Impugn
ts sincerity , nor should Impatience bo suf-
cred to embarrass It In the task It has under-
alton. It Is honestly due to Spiln and to our
rlendly rclattuis with Sinln that It should
10 given n re-uonablo chance to realize Its
xpeclatlons and to prove the assortcl etllcacy
f the now- order of things to which It stands
rrevocably committed. It has recallc-d the
ommander wlicao brutal orders Inflamed the
Imcrlcan mind and shocxed the civilized
orld It has modified the horrlblo ordei of
oncentratloii and hns undertaken to care for
ID helpless and permit those who desire to
osunio the cultivation of their fields to do send
nd assures them of the trrotpctlon of the
panlsh government In their lawful oeciua-
lens It has Just released the Competitor
irlsoners heretofore sentenced to death , and
ho have bcui the subject of repeated diplo
matic correspondence during both this and the
receding administration.
Xot a single American cltl/cn Is now under
rrest or In confinement In Cuba of whom
his government las nny knowledge. The
car future will dcmonstiatc whether the In-
leronsdblo condition of a righteous peace ,
list allko to the Cubans and to Spain , as well
is cqultablo to all our Intel csts so Intimately
nvolvcd In the welfare of Cuba , Is likely to
> o attained. It not , the exigency of furthci
nd other action by the United States will
emaln to bo taken , When that time comes
hat action will bo determined In the line of
ho Indisputable right and duty. H will be
accd without misgiving or hesitancy In the
Ight of the obligation this government owes
o Itself , to the pocolo who have confided to
t the protection of their interests and honor ,
nd to humanity.
Sure of the rUht , keeping free from all
ITeiiso ourselves , actuated only by upright
ind patilotlc considerations , moved neither
iy passion or selfishness , the government will
ontlnuo Us watchful care o\er the rights
nil property ot American citizens and will
bate none of Its efforts to bring about by
leaceful agencies a peace which shall bo
lonorable and enduring. If It shall heieafter
)0 ) a duty Imposed by our obligations to our
selves , to civilisation and Immunity , to In-
tcneno with force , It shall bo without fault
on our pan and only because the necessity
or such action will bo so clear as to com-
mml the sui port and approval of the civil-
zed world
Minus A > MJV v.'iioor iivwm.
\NXI > HN I\ITV Coiulitlon of Honor Iti--
liilrcH Itllltllcitllon of 'li < > nt > .
Hy a special moisagp dated the 10th of
Tune last I laid before the senate a treaty
signed that day by the plenipotentiaries of
ho United States and ot the Republic of
lawnll having for Its purpose the Incorpora-
lon of the Hawaiian Islands as an Integral
> ait of the United States , and under Its
sovereignty. The senate having removed the
njunctlcn of secrecy although the treaty Is
still pending before that body , the subject
my bp properly referred to In this mes
sage bcause the necessary action of con-
; rcss Is required 'to ' determine by legislation
: nany details of the eventual union should
.he fact of annexation be accomplished , as 1
jc-llevo It should be.
While consistently disavowing frem axy
early period any aggre-sslvo policy of ab
sorption In regard to the Hawaiian group , a
eng seilos of decimations through three-
quarters of a century has proclaimed the
vital Interest of the United States In the
independent life of the Islands and their
inttmato commercial dependency upon this
rountry. At the same time It has been
repeatedly asserted that In no event could
the entity of Hawaiian statehood cease by
the pasLago of the Islands under the domina
tion or Influence of another power than
the United States. Under these circum
stances the logic of events required that
annexation , be-fore offered but declined ,
hould in the rlpcnosb of itlmo come about
03 the natural result of strengthening the
tics that bind us to tbJcse Islands and bo
ioalled by the free will of the Hawaiian
state
That treaty was unanimously ratified with
out amordment by the senate and president
of the republic of Hawaii on the 10th of Sep
tember last , and only awaits the favorable
action of the American , senate to effect the
complete absorption of the islands Into the
domains of the Un'ted States What the con
ditions of such a union shall be. the political
relation thereof to the United States , the
cha'actcr of the local administration , the
quality and degree of elective franchise ol
the Inhabitants theoxtenslon of the federal
laws to the territory or the enactment of
special laws to lit the peculiar condition
thereof , the regulation ) ot needs of labor
therein arc all matters which the treaty
las wisely lolcgatwl to the congress.
PROVISIONS I'OR SBLK-RULC.
If the treaty is confirmed , as eveiy cort-
sUeratlon of dignity and honor requires ,
the wisdom of congress will ECO to it that ,
avoiding abrupt assimilation of elements per
haps hardly yet fitted to share In the high
est franchises ot citizenship nnd having due
regard to the geogiaphical conditions , the
most Just provisions for self-rule In local
matteis with the laigcst political llboitles
as an Integral part of our nation -will bo
accorded to the Hav allans. No Itss Is duo
to a pcoplo who , after nearly five years
of demonstrated capa.clty to fulfill Uio obli
gations of self-governing statehood , come ot
their free will to merge their deatlnles In
our bojy politic.
The questions which have ailson between
Japa-i and Hawaii by reason of the treatment
of Japineco laborers emigrating to the Is
lands under the Hawaiian-Japanese conven
tion of 1S88 are In a satisfactory stage ol
settlement by negotiation. This govcinment
has not been Invltod to mediate , and on the
othei hand has taught no intervention in
that matter , further than to evince It. )
Kindliest disposition toward such a f = peedy
and direct adjustment , iby the two sovereign
states in Intel est < is shall compoit with
oqulty and honor. It Is gratifying to learn
that the appiehenslons at first displayed on
the part of Japan lest the cessation of
Hawaii's national llfo through annexation
might Impali privileges to which Japan hon
orably laid claim , have given place to ex
pressions of confidence In the government
and the slnccilty of Its purpose to deal with
all posBlblo ulterior nuestlons In the broad
est spirit of friendliness
IN onvritu. , 4Mnitir\ .
CoiiiplltiilIiiiiHHHI - Out < if
III ( Jen I'l-iuni'iit
As to the representation of this govern-
m n to Nlcaiagua , Salvador and Costa , Rico
I have concluded that Mr. Wllllum I. , . Slerry ,
oonflimod as minister of the United States to
the states of NIcanignu , Salvador and Coata
Rica , shall proceed to San Jose , Costii Rica ,
and theie temporarily establish the head
quartcis of the United Slates to Ihoso thrco
states. I took this action for what I ic-
garded as the pammount IntorrstH of this
country. It was developed upon an Investlga
tlon by the secrc-tary of state that the gov
ernor of Nicuiagua , while not unwilling to
receive Mr. Merry In his diplomatic capacity ,
waa unnble to do so on account of the
compact concluded June 20 , 1S93. whereby
that republic and those of Salvador and
Honduras , forming what U known as the
Greater Kcjmblle of Central America , had
surrendered to the repehentatlvo Diet thereof
tholr right to lecelve and neml diplomatic
agents The Diet was not willing to accept
him because ho was not accredited to that
body. I could not accredit him to that body
because the appropriation law of congress
did not permit Mr. Buker , the present
minister at Minagua , has been directed to
prnsenl his letters of recall.
Mr W Godfrey Hunter has likewise been
accredited to the governments of Guatemala
and Honduras , the same as his predecessor.
Guatoirali Is not a member of the Greater
Republic of Central Amerlui. but Honduras
Is , Should this latter government docllno to
receive him , ho has bec-i > Instructed to report
this fact to his government and nvvalt Its
further Instructions. A subject of largo Im-
portunco to our country and Increasing ap
preciation an the part of the people Is the
completion ot the great hlghwuy of trade
between the Atlantic and Pacific known aa
thu N'lcaraguan canal. Its utility and value
to American commerce Is unlverually
admitted. The commission appointed
under date ot July 2J last , "To
continue the surveys and examina
tions authorized by the act approved March
3 , 1S85 , " ID regard "to the proper route ,
easlblllty nnd cost of construction of the
Nicaragua oinal , with a vlevv of making
complete plans of entire work of construction
ot such mini " Is now employed In the under-
laklng In the future I shall take occasion
to transmit to congress the report of this
commlsslou , making nt the suno tlmo such
further suggcslons as may then seem ml-
\ Isable.
NKIIOTITIONS WITH oniP.H > VTIDNS
Sllr , ItrHprni'ltvr1iltrntliin mid
Ibirlt i\io : | llliti IlrvlcAVfit.
Under the provisions of the act of congress ,
approved March 3 , 1SJ7 , for the promotion of
an International agreement ivspcctlng bl-
nctalllsm I appointed on the 14th dny of
\prll , 1S97 , lion IMwnrd O Wolcott of Colo-
ado , Hon Adlal K Stevenson of Illinois and
Ion Charles J Palno of Massachusetts as
opeclal envoys to represent the United
States. They Imvo been diligent In their
efforts to secure the concurrence and co
operation of tturopean count ) Ira In the inter-
latlonal settlement ot the question , but up
o this tlmo have not been able to secure an
agreement contemplated by their mission
The gratifying action of our great sister
cpubllo of Trance In Joining this country
n the attempt to bring about an agreement
letvvccn the principal commercial nations of
2uropo whereby a fixed and relative value
jctween gold and sliver shall be secured ,
'urnlshcs ' assurance that wo nro not alone
among the larger nations of this woild In
re ll/lng the International character of the
iroblem , and In the desire ot reaching some
vise and practical solution of It. The Ililtlsh
government has published a resume of the
steps taken Jointly by the French ambassador
n London and the special envoys of thj
Jnlted States , with whom our ambassador nt
London actively co-operated In the prescnta-
.Ion of this subject to her majesty's govcrn-
ncnt. This will bo laid before congress
3ur special envoys have not made their
Inal report , as further negotiations between
.ho representatives of this government nnd
: ho governments of other countries are pend-
ng and In contemplation. They believe that
loubts which have bo i raised In certain
quarters respecting the possibility ot main
taining the stability ot the pailty between
the metals and kindred questions may yet
lie solved by further negotiations.
Meanwhile It gives me satlsf.ictlon to state
that the special envoys have already demon
strated theli ability and fitness to deal w Ith
the subject , and It Is to bo earnestly hoped
that thtlr labors may rtault in an Interna
tional agreement which will bring about
recognition of'both ' gold and silver n * money
upcn such terms and with such fcafeguards
aa will secure the use of both metals upon
a basis which shall vv-orK. uo Injustice to any
class of oui citizens
PROGRESS ON RECIPROCITY
In order to execute early cs possible the
provisions of the third and fourth sections
ot the revenue act approved July L'4 1S97 , 1
appointed Hon John A. Keeaon of Iowa a
special commissioner plenipotentiary to un
dertake the requisite negotlatlono with for
eign countries desiring to avail themselves
of tluiso provisions The negotiations are
now pioceedlng with several governments ,
both Emopcan and American It is believed
that by a careful exerclao ot the powers
conferred by that act some grievances of
our own and of other oountrlcn In out mutual
tiade relations may be either removed or
largely alleviated , and tint the % olume of
our commercial exchanges may be enlarged
with advantages to both contiact'mg parties
Most desirable fiom every standpoint of
national Interests and patriotism Is the ef-
foit to extend our foreign commerce To
this end our merchant marine should bo Im
proved and enlarged We should do our full
share of the cairylng tiade of the world
We do not do It now We should be the
laggard no longer The Inferiority of our
merchant marine in Justly humllla" * ? to the-
i-itloral pride The government by every
proper caistltutlora ! means , should aid In
making our ships familial visitors at every
commercial port of the world , thus opening
,1111 now and \aluablo markets to the surplus
products of the farm and the factory.
PROTECTION OP SEALS
The efforts which had been made during
the two previous years by my picdecescor
to secure better protection to the fui seals
In the north Pacific ocoin and Bering sea
were renewed at an eaily date by this ad
ministration and ha\o been pursued with
earnestness Upon my Invitation the gov
ernments of Japan and Riicsla sent delegates
to Washington , and an Internatlor-il confer
ence was held during the months of October
and November last , wherein It was unani
mously agreed that under the existing regu
lations this species of useful animals waa
threatened with extinction , and that an In
ternational agreement of all the interested
povvem was necessaiy for thcli adequate pro
tection
The government of Great nrltaln did not
bco proper to bo represented at Uilb conference
ence- , but subsequently sent to Washington
as delegates the expert commlxsloncrs of
Gie-it Britain and Canada , who had during
the past two yeare visited the Prlbyloff
Islands and who met In conference similar
commissioners on the p > irt of tie United
States. The result of this conference was
an agreement on Important facts connected
with the condition of tie seal herd hereto
fore. In dispute , which should place beyond
controversy the duty of tne governments
concerned to adopt measures without delay
for the preservation and restoration of the
herd. Negotiations to this end are now In
progre-ss , the result of which I hope to be
able to report to congicss at an early day.
INTDRNATION ARBITRATION.
International arbitration cannot be omitted
from the list of hubjects , clamoring for our
consideration. Events have only served to
strengthen the general views on this ques
tion expressed In my Inaugural address
Tiio host sentiment of the civilised world Is
moving tow aid the settlement of differences
between nations without resorting to the horrors
rors of war. Treaties embodying these
humane principles on broad lines without In
any way Imperiling our interests or our
liotiar snail have my constant cncouiage-
mont.
The acceptance by this government of the
Invitation of the republic of Pianco to pai-
tlclpati In the Universal exposition of 1000
nt IVrls was Immediately followed by the
appointment ot .1 special commissioner to
icpiosont the United States in the propose. !
exposition , w 1th special reference to the
securing of an appropriation for an udo-
quato exhibition on behalf of the United
States. The special commissioner delayed
his departure for I'ails lo.ig enough to as-
ccitaln the pnobabli1 demand for space by
American o'hlbltom ' His Inquiries < levclop < l
an almost unpiceedc-ntod Iru'eTt-Bt In the
I reposed exposition and the Information thus
arqtilie-d ei allied him to Justify an applica
tion for a much larger allotment of spaeo
for the American section than had been re
served bytho expedition authorities , The
result was particularly giatlfyinR in view
of the faot that the Unuted States was ono
of the laat countries to accept the Invitation
of Trance
The reception accorded our special com
missioner was moil cordial and ho was
given every reasonable assurance that the
United StAtes would receive a consideration
conimensmato with the propcrtlons of our
exhibition. The reports of the apeiUlcom-
mlsslono ! as to the importance and magni
tude cf the coming exposition ami the great
demand for space for American exhibits sup
plies new arguments for n liberal and Ju
dldous appropriation by congress In the end
that an exhibit fairly representative cf the
Industries and rteourcoj of our country maybe
bo made In an exposition which will lllus
trato the world's progress during llio nlne-
Uuith century. That exposition Is Intended
to be the most Important and comprehensive
of the long series of international exhlbltons
of which our own at Chicago was n bril
liant example , and It l dclrablo that the
United States should make a worthy uxblblt
of American genius and skill and their un
rivaled achievements In ovtiy brunch of lu-
dustry ,
iii : HjiuuHi\i' < i'"Tiii : MJ\V MVV
Fiicllltl It n I fir i- Tim n Ship * Novt In
Drniiiinl.
The present Immediate effective force of
the navy consists of four battleships of the
first class , two of the second and forty-tight
other vwaelu , ranging from armored cruls-
ors lo torpedo boats. There are under con
struction flvo battleships of the first class
sixteen -torpedo boats and ono submarine
boat. No provision his ye-t been mndo for
thu armor of three of the flvo battleship. ' )
aa It has been Impossible to obtain It a
the prlco fixed by congrini. It Is of great
Importance that cougrtga provide this Armor
ns until then the ships are ot no flghtlof
\R\llf. \
The prcsnnt naval force , especially In view
of Us Increase Iby ships now iimlor construe *
tlon , wlillo not as largo AS that of a fcir
other powers , is a formidable- force ; Its ves
sels are the very test of each type , and with
the increase ) that should l > o rnndo to It from
tlmo to tlmo In the future , nnd careful at-
tontlou to keeping It In n high state of
cfllclwicy nnd repair , It la well Adapted to
the necessities of the country
The gtv.at InrTcuso of < ho ntvy which
ns tnkiti place In recent years was Justified
> y the nxiiilictm-iita for national defense and
laa received public Approbation The tlmo
ias now nrrlvod , however , when this In-
crcvise , to which the country IH coinmlttixl ,
ihoutil for n tlmo HKo the form of Incmist-j
Acllltles commensurate with the Inricaep of
our na\al vessels , H Is an unfortunate fact
hat there Is only one dock on the- Pacific
coast capable of docking our largest ships
ind only ono on the Atlantic ovast , nnd that
ho latter has for the last sK or seven
nonths boon under repair and therefore Inca-
> able of use. Immediate stops should bo
ftki-n to provldo 1hre or four docks of
his capacity on the Atlantic coast , nt leust
ono on the Paclflo coast and a floating dock
in the gulf This Is the recommendation
> f ncry competent boinl appointed to In-
cstlgate the subject. There should also
) o ample provision mndo for powder ami
trojectlloj and other munltlotiH of war and
o-r nn Increased number of ofllcors and en-
Istcnl men. Some additions nro also neces
sary to our navy yards for the repair and
care of our * larger number of vessels
As there are now OH the stocks the battle
ships of tlio largest class , which cannot bo
; onlcted for a jcor or two , 1 concur with
ho recommendation of the secretary of the
ia\y for an appropriation mithorlrlng the
construction of one battleship for the Pacific
coast , where at present there Is onlv ono In
ommlsalon and otie under construction , wlillo
on the Atlantic coast there are three lu com-
ulsslon nnd four under construction , and also
hat several torpedo boats bo authorized In
connection with our gcnem ! syslcm of coast
defense.
AI.VSKI iATrnvnov. .
Sonu > Mori * Collliirrlu-iixlA o S > stout t
( i > \ 1-1 unit-lit Ueimiiidril.
The territory of Alaska requites the orompt
and oaily attention of congress The eondl-
lions now existing demand material changes
In the laws relating to the territory. The
great Influx of population during thp i-ast
summer and fall nnd the prospect of a still
larger Immigration In the taring will not
permit us to longer aeglect the extension of
civil authority within the terri ory postpone
the establishment of a more thoiough gov
ernment
A general system of public surveys has not
yet been extended to Alaska and all entries
thus far m-ulo lu that dtstilct aie upun
special surveys The act of congress extend
ing to Alaska the mining laws of tin United
States contained the toactvatlan tint It hliould
not bo construed to put In tone the general
land laws of the country Ily act tunroved
March 3 , 1S01 authority was given fur entry
of lands For townsltc purixses und nlio for
the purchase of not exceeding ICO aies then
or thereifter occupied for yurp mes nf tiado
ind manufactuic The purpose of ungresn
as thus far expressed has been that < n
biich rights should apply to the tin-It n\ > .
shall be bpeclflcally mined
It will bo seen how much remain * to bo
done for that vast and remote nn 1 vet pi on s
Ing portion of our count ! y Special au h ilty
was given to the president by the aef of con
gress appioved July 21 , 1897. to divide Hint
territory- Into two I ind dlstrl Is and to
designate the boundaries thereof an 1 to ap
point registers and recelve's of aid lirnl
olllres nnd the president was aKo an horbed
to Appoint a survey01 genoml for the entire
dlstriet. Pursuant to this authority , a
suraovor geneial and receiver have lieen
appointed with offices at Sltka If In the en
suing year the conditions Justify it the ad
ditional land district uutho'-bed bv law will
bo established , with an olllee at si me po nt
In the Yukon valley. No appropiiaticu Inw-
ever , was made for this purpose , and tha Is
now necessary to bo done for the two land
dlstilcts Into which tlio teirltory Is to bo
dlv Idcd.
1 conucur with the secretary of war In his
suggestions us to the neressltv for a mill aiy
force In the territory of Alaska for the
protection of persons * and pioperty.lready
a small force consisting of twrntv live men
with two ofllcers , under command ot Lieuten
ant Colonel Randall of the Klghth Infi'iitiy ,
has been sent to St. Michael to cs'iinlUh n
military post. As It Is to the Inteiest of the
government to ciieournge the development
and settlement of the country and Its duty
to follow up its cltl7cns there with the
benefits of legal machinery , I earnestI > irgo
upon congress tlio establishment of a system
ot government ot such flexibility as will en
able It to adjust Itself to the future areas of
greatest population.
The startling though po'.slbly exaggerated
loports from the Yukon river coiiutiy ot the
probable shortage of food for the largo num
ber of pcoplo who are wintering there with
out the me < ins of leaving the country nro
confirmed In such u measure as to Justify
biinglng the matter to the attention of ( engross -
gross Access to that country this winter
can bo had only by the passes from Dyea nnd
vicinity , which Is a most difficult and perhaps
an Impossible task. However , should these
reports of the suffering of our fellow cltl/ons1
bo further verified , every effort nt any cost
should bo made to carry them icllef
HHOIMIIIS rnmirioiir.
I'rt-HiMit Ciindl t IIMIH .T knuiri ! ! / tlio
ItlnlilN of VlniM r < M > ! > lr.
Tor a number of years past It has been
apparent that the conditions under which
the flvo clvllbed tilbes were ivtabllHhcnl In
the Indian territory under troity provisions
with the United States , with the right of
self-government and the exclusion of all
whlto persois fiom within theli borders ,
have uiideigone so complete a cluu KI tin to
render tlio continuance of the sysdm thus
Inauguiatcd practically ImpMS ble The
total number of the flvo clvill/ed trilo' as
shown by' the last census , Is I1 ! 411 and thin
number ban not matiilally Ircre s d , vslillo
the whlto population la i-atlir-itul at from
200,000 to 2"0000 whiih by permission of thu
Indian gov eminent , hus settle-d in the teirl
tory The prueiit an i of the Indian terri
tory contains J5b91 lib ) neies mmh of which
Is very fertile luid The bnlted States
cltl/ens residing In HIP teiritoiy , most ot
whom have gnno thc-io by Invitation or with
the consicit of the tribal authorities , luvu
niado permanent liomcj for thinselves.
Numerous towns have been built in which
from GOO to 5,000 white people now letlde
CHILDREN NEED EDUCATION
Valuable residences and biislnrBH linusea
have been creeled In many of them Large
Inid'riKsH cnterjulseH are can led on In which
vai > t turns of money uio employed , and yet
these people , who have InviUcd their c-apltal
In the development of tlio productive re-
iircefi of the country , are without title to
the land they occupy and have no volco
whatever In the government either of llio
nations or the tilbes 'lliouganda of tholr
children who were bom In the territory are
of school age , but the doors of the schools
of the Dittoes are chut against them and
what education they get IH by private con
tribution No provision for the prouit on of
tlio llfo or property of these whlto cnl7un
( Continued on Thltd Page )
And rent for tired mothers in a warm bath
vvllliCuTlcuit HMrandasliijloai > i > ! lcatlon
of CUTICUUA ( ointment ) , tlio great akin euro ,
CUTJCUIIA ltFMiniM : afford Instant relief ,
mid point to uiHcdy | ! euro of torturing , ill-
llgurlngi humiliating , Itching , burning , blood
ing , crusted , scaly dklii and ecalp humorl ,
vvllli loss of hair , ivbun all else falls.
Bold throughout Iht vorll. 1'orril tltlti JID Cu IK.
IHnlc i'r < ri ,
ar "How to Cu HUn-rortund UlUli , " Qrt > .
Q ( / f U Q P AID "ui Htir Ji uti rt
oftIN ounLr cuncuiu SOAI- .
